Chapter-8. Multiple Choice Questions

Transcription

1 Chapter-8 Multiple Choice Questions 1. Climate is: a. based on vegetation types alone b. a model of reality that is too simplistic to be useful c. based on temperature and precipitation averages over decades d. a reflection of solar insolation values and placement in relation to the Prime Meridian 2. generally occur in moist regions, and occur in dry regions. a. shrubs, trees b. soils, flowers c. grasslands, steppes d. forests, grasslands 3. Vegetation cover over a large area: a. is an indication of the climate of the area b. always requires extremely fertile soils c. indicates only the levels of insolation d. does not influence the human use of the area 4. Which of these choices does not support the following statement: The study of climate is an important part of physical geography? a. because climate controls the cultivation of crop plants b. because climate is a factor in soils development c. because climate is a factor in the processes that shape landforms d. because climate affects the occurrence of earthquakes 5. What two major factors influence the annual cycle of air temperature experienced at a station? a. latitude and longitude b. longitude and coastal versus continental location c. latitude and coastal versus continental location d. annual insolation and longitude 6. Warm air can hold more moisture than cold air. This related to all the following statements except: a. colder regions will have lower precipitation than warmer regions b. precipitation will usually be greater during warmer months c. the maximum precipitation is most likely to be in the colder months d. air temperature has an important effect on precipitation

2 7. are distinctive patterns of annual temperature cycles related to latitude and location. a. Temperature zones b. Temperature regimes c. Vegetation zones d. Mean temperatures 8. A maritime influence will affect the temperature regime experienced at a location by: a. always creating a uniformly warm temperature pattern year-round b. creating a strong annual temperature cycle c. enabling an extreme variability in temperatures d. moderating the variation of temperature throughout the year 9. The equatorial temperature regime is known for: a. being equally wet all year round b. having high annual variation in insolation c. having much higher temperature in the summer d. being uniformly warm year-round 10. Of the following factors, which one does not always contribute to aridity? a. rain shadow effect b. being far from source regions for moist air masses c. warm temperatures d. subsidence in subtropical high-pressure cells 11. Isohyets are lines that show areas of equal. a. barometric pressure b. air temperature c. annual precipitation d. elevation 12. The tropical desert climates are caused by: a. the presence of large mountain ranges b. cold temperatures that reduce the ability of the air to hold moisture c. a rate of precipitation that outweighs the rate of evaporation d. stationary subtropical high-pressure cells

3 13. Which precipitation region is characterized by intense convectional activity and high frequency of thunderstorms year-round? a. wet equatorial belt b. trade-wind coasts c. moist subtropical regions d. midlatitude west coasts 14. The precipitation region known as the Arctic and polar deserts is characterized by: a. extremely cold temperatures and a small amount of precipitation b. extremely cold temperatures and a large amount of precipitation as snow c. extremely cold temperatures and high evaporation d. extremely cold temperatures and dry air with low relative humidity 15. The seasonality of precipitation patterns can be covered largely by three types of monthly precipitation patterns. These are uniformly distributed precipitation, a precipitation maximum during the summer, and. a. a precipitation maximum during the spring b. a precipitation minimum during the fall c. a precipitation maximum during the winter d. a precipitation minimum during the late summer 16. Which of the following describes a uniform precipitation pattern? a. maximum precipitation in high Sun season b. no precipitation in any months c. minimum precipitation in high Sun season d. equal amount of precipitation in high and low Sun seasons with drought in between 17. A factor that will tend to reduce the amount of precipitation in the high Sun season in some climate types is: a. the occurrence of monsoon rain b. the reduction of subsidence on the west side of subtropical high-pressure cells c. the great contrast in temperature and moisture between polar and tropical air masses d. the blocking effect of subtropical high-pressure cells 18. In Mediterranean climates, summer is caused by. a. precipitation, subtropical high-pressure cells b. precipitation, warm temperature c. drought, cold temperature d. drought, subtropical high-pressure cells

4 19. Which air mass is not usually part of the low-latitude climates? a. ct b. me c. cp d. mt 20. The region of midlatitude climates lies in the. a. polar front zone b. ITCZ c. tropical zone d. arctic zone 21. Which air mass is not part of high-latitude climates in the southern hemisphere? a. mp b. cp c. caa d. none of the above 22. A(n) shows the annual cycles of monthly mean air temperature and monthly mean precipitation for a location. a. thermograph b. isohyet c. isotherm d. climograph 23. Which climatic type does not belong to low-latitude climates? a. wet equatorial b. moist subtropical c. wet-dry tropical d. dry tropical 24. Which climatic type does not belong to midlatitude climates? a. dry subtropical b. Mediterranean c. moist subtropical d. boreal forest 25. A characteristic of the marine west-coast climate is: a. more rainfall in the winter b. more rainfall in the summer c. cool summer d. warm winter

5 26. In the Köppen system, tropical rainy climates: a. have an average temperature above eighteen degrees Celsius every month b. have only a brief winter c. experience high annual rainfall only to be exceeded by evaporation d. are generally found between twenty-five and thirty degrees of latitude 27. What is a BW climate in the Köppen system? a. tropical wet-dry b. desert c. steppe d. snow-forest 28. What geographic feature is common in dry climates? a. no permanently flowing streams b. extremely hot nights c. a complete lack of precipitation d. strong surface winds 29. Semiarid climates are noted for: a. a complete lack of precipitation b. a surface covered with dry lakes c. steppes with sparse grasslands d. high surface winds 30. Of the following climates, which is not a wet or a dry climate? a. Mediterranean b. boreal forest c. marine west-coast d. moist continental True/False Questions 31. True/False Boreal forest climates have short, cool summers and long, bitterly cold winters. 32. True/False The Köppen climate classification system divides the world into seven major climate zones. 33. True/False Warm air can hold less moisture than can cold air.

6 34. True/False Temperature regimes are distinctive types of annual temperature cycles related to latitude, location, and precipitation values. 35. True/False Annual temperature cycles are strong in the midlatitude continental regime. 36. True/False The trade-wind coasts are narrow coastal belts of low rainfall. 37. True/False A steppe is a vast expanse of semiarid grassland. 38. True/False Chittagong (Bangladesh) and Kaduna (Nigeria) both show low precipitation in the low Sun season (winter solstice). 39. True/False Mean monthly values of air temperature and precipitation can describe the climate of a weather station and its nearby region quite accurately. 40. True/False In Strahler s climate classification system there are only three climate types that do not fit the either the wet or dry pattern. Short Answer Essay Questions 41. How do Strahler s and Köppen s climate classification systems differ? 42. How do air masses relate to climate? 43. Why do frontal zones (e.g. the polar-front zone) change in position with seasons? 44. How do temperature regimes relate to latitude? 45. What drives global precipitation patterns?