6.4 Taigas and Tundras
|
|
- Jemimah Casey
- 4 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 6.4 Taigas and Tundras In this section, you will learn about the largest and coldest biomes on Earth. The taiga is the largest land biome and the tundra is the coldest. The taiga The largest land biome The taiga, otherwise known as a boreal or coniferous forest, is the largest land biome. The taiga can be found between the latitudes of 50 and 70 N in North America and Eurasia, including Canada and Russia. The average temperature in the taiga is below freezing for at least six months of the year. This makes it difficult for animals to stay year-round. Some do stay put, some hibernate, and some migrate (Figure 6.17). Annual precipitation averages 40 to 100 centimeters. Much of this falls during the short growing season (approximately 130 days). Summer temperatures rarely reach above 21 C. taiga - the largest climate region, found in the higher latitudes; also known as a boreal or coniferous forest. Figure 6.17: Taiga animals. Which of these animals might migrate during the freezing months? 123
2 BIOMES Taiga life Snow keeps things warm! Surviving the winter in the taiga Evergreen trees with needle-like leaves are the most common type of vegetation found in the taiga, which is the Russian word for forest (Figure 6.18). These include pine, fir, and spruce trees. All of these trees are cone-shaped, which helps them shed snow so its weight doesn t break their branches. The needle shape of the leaves helps prevent moisture loss in the winter. This is important because trees can t take in water from frozen soil. The fact that they don t lose their needles in the fall means that they don t have to waste time in the early spring growing new ones, and can get started on photosynthesis as soon as it is warm enough. The roots of these trees are shallow and spread out wide. This makes it possible for them to take in surface water from melting snow and ice even though much of the ground underneath them is still frozen. Did you know that snow is a great insulator? In the taiga biome, a thick layer of snow (often several meters deep) falls before the coldest part of the winter. The air spaces between snow crystals prevent the ground underneath from losing more and more heat as the winter progresses (Figure 6.19). While air temperatures may be well below 0 C for weeks on end, the ground temperature will remain right around freezing. Mice and other small mammals make tunnels in the snow that link their burrows and food stashes. The temperature in the burrows remains fairly constant, even when the outside air temperature plummets. Figure 6.18: Evergreen trees with needle-like leaves are the most common type of vegetation found in the taiga. Figure 6.19: The air spaces between snow crystals prevent the ground from losing more and more heat as the winter progresses. 124 UNIT 2 ORGANISMS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
3 Tundra Tundra Tundra is the coldest biome on Earth. The word tundra comes from a Finnish word for treeless land. There are two types of tundra Arctic tundra, found in a band around the Arctic Ocean, and alpine tundra, found high in mid-latitude mountains. tundra - a climate region located in high latitudes; known as the coldest land biome. Arctic tundra Arctic tundra has a growing season of only 50 to 60 days. The average winter temperature is 34 C. Summer temperatures rarely exceed 12 C. As a result of these cold temperatures, the ground is permanently frozen from 25 centimeters to about 100 centimeters below the surface. This frozen ground is called permafrost (Figure 6.20). There is a thin layer of soil above the permafrost that does thaw in summertime, but it is not deep enough to support the growth of trees. Lichens, mosses, grasses, and a few woody shrubs are the most common plants in the Arctic tundra. Figure 6.20: This individual is standing in a deep hole cut into permafrost. 125
4 BIOMES Permafrost stores carbon dioxide Alpine tundra Permafrost has a very important function on our planet: It stores carbon dioxide. Here s how the process works. Usually, when plants die, they decompose into soil. This process releases carbon dioxide into the air. However, when an Arctic tundra plant dies, the cold temperatures prevent it from rapidly decaying into soil. Instead, at least part of its structure remains intact until it is frozen in the permafrost. In fact, remains of plants 1,000 years old have been found in the permafrost. Since the plant structures don t completely decay, carbon that would have been released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide stays in the ground. For this reason, permafrost is called a carbon sink (Figure 6.21). Alpine tundra occurs in middle-latitude regions, but at very high altitudes. Alpine tundra biomes occur in the Andes Mountains in South America, in the Rocky Mountains in North America, and in the Himalayan Mountains. Cold temperatures, windy conditions, and thin soil create an environment where only plants similar to those in the Arctic regions can survive. In rocky alpine regions, lichens and mosses are the dominant plants, but in alpine meadows, grasses and small woody shrubs can be found. What is a carbon sink? Permafrost is known as a carbon sink. A sink is an area where more carbon is stored than is released into the atmosphere. Some scientists are concerned that if Earth warms up several degrees, the permafrost will begin to melt. If this happens, the frozen plants would decompose and release carbon dioxide into the air. The permafrost would no longer serve as a sink. It would become a source of carbon dioxide (a greenhouse gas) in the atmosphere. Figure 6.21: Permafrost is a carbon sink. 126 UNIT 2 ORGANISMS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
5 6.4 Section Review 1. Why is it difficult for animals to live in a taiga biome yearround? 2. If you have ever cared for a houseplant, you know that plants need water. Describe how evergreen trees have adapted to obtain enough water to survive in the taiga. 3. Snow is a cold substance, but it can keep the ground from loosing heat. How does it do that? 4. The latitude for tundra was not given in the text. What do you think the tundra latitude range would be? Check your answer by researching this information on the Internet. 5. From the list of countries or regions below, list which ones fall in the taiga biome. a. Antarctica b. Australia c. Canada d. Russia e. United States f. Brazil 6. What characteristics would you expect Arctic tundra plants to have? 7. Figure 6.22 shows an Arctic fox in the summer and then in the winter on the tundra. From these photographs, state one way that this animal is adapted to live in this biome. 8. Permafrost is known as a carbon sink. a. What is a carbon sink? b. Why is permafrost considered a carbon sink? c. How will global warming affect tundra biomes? Figure 6.22: The Arctic fox in the summer (top) and in the winter (bottom). 127
Main Menu Table of Contents Back Chapter 16 Biomes
Chapter 16 Biomes In Chapter 6, you learned about seasons, wind, ocean currents, and weather patterns. All of these elements work together to produce different climates in different parts of the world.
Key Idea 2: Ecosystems
Key Idea 2: Ecosystems Ecosystems An ecosystem is a living community of plants and animals sharing an environment with non-living elements such as climate and soil. An example of a small scale ecosystem
Climate, Vegetation, and Landforms
Climate, Vegetation, and Landforms Definitions Climate is the average weather of a place over many years Geographers discuss five broad types of climates Moderate, dry, tropical, continental, polar Vegetation:
DESCRIBING DESERT, TAIGA, AND TUNDRA BIOMES
Lesson B5 1 DESCRIBING DESERT, TAIGA, AND TUNDRA BIOMES Unit B. Science and Technology in Wildlife Management Problem Area 5. Desert, Taiga, and Tundra Biomes National Academic Standard. NS.9-12.1 Science
Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems
Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Before You Read Before you read the chapter, respond to these statements. 1. Write an A if you agree with the statement. 2. Write a D if you disagree with the statement.
The Polar Climate Zones
The Polar Climate Zones How cold is it in the polar climate? Polar areas are the coldest of all the major climate zones The Sun is hardly ever high enough in the sky to cause the plentiful ice to melt,
taiga Encyclopedic Entry boreal forest
This website would like to remind you: Your browser (Apple Safari 7) is out of date. Update your browser for more security, comfort and the best experience on this site. Encyclopedic Entry taiga boreal
Mapping Russia s vegetation zones
Mapping Russia s vegetation zones biome is the name for a vegetation zone that can be mapped on a global scale, as shown below. Russia is such a large country that it contains several world biomes. In
Chapter 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems
Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Section 1: Community Ecology Section 2: Terrestrial Biomes Section 3: Aquatic Ecosystems Click on a lesson name to select. 3.1 Community Ecology Communities A biological
[4] SA1.2 The student demonstrates an understanding of the processes of science by observing,
Frost Depth Levels Overview: In this lesson, students explore the active layer above permafrost and begin a long-term investigation of frost depth. (NOTE: This lesson requires a frost tube in your community.
Facts on Arctic Climate Change
Facts on Arctic Climate Change A Summary of the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment ARCTIC CLIMATE CHANGE will not only affect local people and ecosystems but also the rest of the world, because the Arctic
Biomes An Overview of Ecology Biomes Freshwater Biomes
Biomes An Overview of Ecology Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their environments. Ecology can be divided into four increasingly comprehensive levels: Organismal
PLANET EARTH: Seasonal Forests
PLANET EARTH: Seasonal Forests Teacher s Guide Grade Level: 6-8 Running Time: 42 minutes Program Description Investigate temperate forests and find some of the most elusive creatures and welladapted plant
THE ECOSYSTEM - Biomes
Biomes The Ecosystem - Biomes Side 2 THE ECOSYSTEM - Biomes By the end of this topic you should be able to:- SYLLABUS STATEMENT ASSESSMENT STATEMENT CHECK NOTES 2.4 BIOMES 2.4.1 Define the term biome.
Name Date Hour. Plants grow in layers. The canopy receives about 95% of the sunlight leaving little sun for the forest floor.
Name Date Hour Directions: You are to complete the table by using your environmental text book and the example given here. You want to locate all the abiotic (non-living) and biotic (living) factors in
4. Which choice below lists the biomes in order from lowest precipitation amounts to highest precipitation amounts?
Ecosystems and Biomes 1. All of the living organisms in a forest plus their environment is an example of A. a biome. B. a community. C. a population. D. an ecosystem. 2. Which of the following best describes
Deciduous Forest. Courtesy of Wayne Herron and Cindy Brady, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service
Deciduous Forest INTRODUCTION Temperate deciduous forests are found in middle latitudes with temperate climates. Deciduous means that the trees in this forest change with the seasons. In fall, the leaves
Polar Regions of the Earth
Polar Regions of the Earth A Reading A Z Level S Benchmark Book Word Count: 1,028 B E N C H M A R K S Written by Elizabeth Austin Visit www.readinga-z.com for thousands of books and materials. www.readinga-z.com
Section 1 The Earth System
Section 1 The Earth System Key Concept Earth is a complex system made up of many smaller systems through which matter and energy are continuously cycled. What You Will Learn Energy and matter flow through
Tropical Rainforest. Abiotic Factors Amount of Water, Sunlight, Soil, Precipitation
World Biomes A biome is an area of land that shares similar temperatures and precipitation. The observation of the temperature and precipitation over a period time make up a biome s climate. Each biome
Jessica Blunden, Ph.D., Scientist, ERT Inc., Climate Monitoring Branch, NOAA s National Climatic Data Center
Kathryn Sullivan, Ph.D, Acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere and NOAA Administrator Thomas R. Karl, L.H.D., Director,, and Chair of the Subcommittee on Global Change Research Jessica
2. The range of tolerance of an organism is used to define its aggressiveness in conflicts.
hapter 3 test True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. The main abiotic distinction between temperate grassland and tropical savanna is temperature, not rainfall. 2. The range of
Grade 4 Standard 1 Unit Test Water Cycle. Multiple Choice. 1. Where is most water found on Earth? A. in glaciers B. in lakes C. in rivers D.
Grade 4 Standard 1 Unit Test Water Cycle Multiple Choice 1. Where is most water found on Earth? A. in glaciers B. in lakes C. in rivers D. in oceans 2. What source of energy evaporates the most water from
5 th Grade Science Vocabulary Words
5 th Grade Science Vocabulary Words abiotic factor A nonliving part of an ecosystem. acceleration Change in velocity with respect to time. action The force one object applies to a second, as in Newton
defined largely by regional variations in climate
1 Physical Environment: Climate and Biomes EVPP 110 Lecture Instructor: Dr. Largen Fall 2003 2 Climate and Biomes Ecosystem concept physical and biological components of environment are considered as single,
Chapter 3: Climate and Climate Change Answers
Chapter 3: Climate and Climate Change Answers Section A: Climate 1. (a) Explain what each of the following means: (4 x 1 mark) (i) climate the average weather of an area over a 25 30 year period (ii) maritime
GETTING TO THE CORE: THE LINK BETWEEN TEMPERATURE AND CARBON DIOXIDE
DESCRIPTION This lesson plan gives students first-hand experience in analyzing the link between atmospheric temperatures and carbon dioxide ( ) s by looking at ice core data spanning hundreds of thousands
reflect look out! organisms: living things
reflect Imagine that a student in your school fell down and is having difficulty breathing. Sirens wail as an ambulance pulls into the school parking lot. The emergency workers rush over to help the student.
CHAPTER 5 Lectures 10 & 11 Air Temperature and Air Temperature Cycles
CHAPTER 5 Lectures 10 & 11 Air Temperature and Air Temperature Cycles I. Air Temperature: Five important factors influence air temperature: A. Insolation B. Latitude C. Surface types D. Coastal vs. interior
www.irishseedsavers.ie Natural surface water on earth includes lakes, ponds, streams, rivers, estuaries, seas and oceans.
www.irishseedsavers.ie POND LIFE FACT SHEET Natural surface water on earth includes lakes, ponds, streams, rivers, estuaries, seas and oceans. A pond is a small body of fresh water shallow enough for sunlight
Use this diagram of a food web to answer questions 1 through 5.
North arolina Testing Program EO iology Sample Items Goal 4 Use this diagram of a food web to answer questions 1 through 5. coyotes 3. If these organisms were arranged in a food pyramid, which organism
A STUDY OF BIOMES. In this module the students will research and illustrate the different biomes of the world.
A STUDY OF BIOMES http://bellnetweb.brc.tamus.edu/res_grid/biomes.htm A HIGH SCHOOL BIOLOGY / ECOLOGY MODULE Summary: In this module the students will research and illustrate the different biomes of the
READING COMPREHENSION I SIR ISAAC NEWTON
READING COMPREHENSION I SIR ISAAC NEWTON Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727) was an English scientist who made great contributions to physics, optics, maths and astronomy. He is known for his Three Laws of Motion
ELEMENTARY-LEVEL SCIENCE TEST
4THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK SPRING 2008 GRADE 4 ELEMENTARY-LEVEL SCIENCE TEST WRITTEN TEST Student Name School Name Print your name and the name of your school on the lines above. The test
REVIEW UNIT 10: ECOLOGY SAMPLE QUESTIONS
Period Date REVIEW UNIT 10: ECOLOGY SAMPLE QUESTIONS A. Sample Multiple Choice Questions Complete the multiple choice questions to review this unit. 1. All of the following are density-dependent factors
XVI. Science and Technology/Engineering, Grade 5
XVI. Science and Technology/Engineering, Grade 5 Grade 5 Science and Technology/Engineering Test The spring 2013 grade 5 Science and Technology/Engineering test was based on learning standards in the four
Climate Change Mini-Simulation: Background Guide
Climate Change Mini-Simulation: Background Guide United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded in 1945 after the Second World War by 51 countries committed to creating
Teacher s Guide For. Glaciers and Ice Caps The Melting
Teacher s Guide For Glaciers and Ice Caps The Melting For grade 7 - College Program produced by Centre Communications, Inc. for Ambrose Video Publishing, Inc. Executive Producer William V. Ambrose Teacher's
2. What kind of energy is stored in food? A. chemical energy B. heat energy C. kinetic energy D. light energy
Assessment Bank Matter and Energy in Living Things SC.8.L.18.4 1. What is energy? A. anything that takes up space B. anything that has mass C. the ability to conduct current D. the ability to do work 2.
ORANGE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OFFICE OF CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION OFFICE OF SCIENCE. GRADE 6 SCIENCE Post - Assessment
ORANGE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OFFICE OF CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION OFFICE OF SCIENCE GRADE 6 SCIENCE Post - Assessment School Year 2013-2014 Directions for Grade 6 Post-Assessment The Grade 6 Post-Assessment is
GLOBAL CIRCULATION OF WATER
Global Circulation of Water MODULE - 8A 27 GLOBAL CIRCULATION OF WATER More than three-fourths of the earth s surface is covered by water. Water is an odorless, tasteless, substance than can naturally
Ecology Module B, Anchor 4
Ecology Module B, Anchor 4 Key Concepts: - The biological influences on organisms are called biotic factors. The physical components of an ecosystem are called abiotic factors. - Primary producers are
Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems
Chapter Test A CHAPTER 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that best answers each question Part B: Matching 1
Worksheet A Environmental Problems
Worksheet A Environmental Problems Vocabulary Can you talk about Environmental issues in English? With a partner, try to explain the terms in the diagram below. Why are the words divided into two groups
Climate Change is Underway Lesson Plan
Climate Change is Underway Lesson Plan For Teachers: The following is a lesson plan designed to be used with section of the Climate Change material entitled Climate Change is Underway from the After Earth
Climate Change: A Local Focus on a Global Issue Newfoundland and Labrador Curriculum Links 2010-2011
Climate Change: A Local Focus on a Global Issue Newfoundland and Labrador Curriculum Links 2010-2011 HEALTH Kindergarten: Grade 1: Grade 2: Know that litter can spoil the environment. Grade 3: Grade 4:
What is a Terrarium? Supplies Choosing your container Choosing your plants Building Your Terrarium
What is a Terrarium? A terrarium is a collection of small plants growing in a transparent, sealed container. A terrarium is a closed environment, and can actually be used to illustrate how an ecosystem
6. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below, which shows the average monthly temperature of two cities A and B.
1. Which single factor generally has the greatest effect on the climate of an area on the Earth's surface? 1) the distance from the Equator 2) the extent of vegetative cover 3) the degrees of longitude
The Ice Age By: Sue Peterson
www.k5learning.com Objective sight words (pulses, intermittent, isotopes, chronicle, methane, tectonic plates, volcanism, configurations, land-locked, erratic); concepts (geological evidence and specific
Identification and Prevention of Frost or Freeze Damage By Linda Reddick, Kingman Area Master Gardener
KINGMAN IS GROWING! COLUMN Identification and Prevention of Frost or Freeze Damage By Linda Reddick, Kingman Area Master Gardener Again this year we have been experiencing some very cold weather, with
CARBON THROUGH THE SEASONS
DESCRIPTION In this lesson plan, students learn about the carbon cycle and understand how concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in the Earth s atmosphere vary as the seasons change. Students also learn
Rainforest Concern Module 2 Why do we need rainforests?
Rainforest Concern Module 2 Why do we need rainforests? Rainforest Concern Module 2: Why do we need Rainforest? Before we go any further, there are some words you may not understand, and these words and
Biology Keystone (PA Core) Quiz Ecology - (BIO.B.4.1.1 ) Ecological Organization, (BIO.B.4.1.2 ) Ecosystem Characteristics, (BIO.B.4.2.
Biology Keystone (PA Core) Quiz Ecology - (BIO.B.4.1.1 ) Ecological Organization, (BIO.B.4.1.2 ) Ecosystem Characteristics, (BIO.B.4.2.1 ) Energy Flow 1) Student Name: Teacher Name: Jared George Date:
Making a Terrarium. fairchild tropical botanic garden 1
Making a Terrarium What is a Terrarium? A terrarium is a collection of small plants growing in a transparent, sealed container. A terrarium is a closed environment, and can actually be used to illustrate
Ms Chairman and distinguished guests,
Ms Chairman and distinguished guests, On behalf of the Ministry of the Environment, I am honored to open this conference that brings together scientists, policymakers and civil society from the Barents
BIOLOGY OF PLANTS. HOW PLANTS LIVE IN DIFFERENT PLACES Activities
WHERE DO I BELONG? Students classify pictures of habitats as deserts, tropical rain forests, or other areas. Materials: 1. 3 large drawings of thermometers 2. 1 very large raindrop cutout 3. 1 very small
The Earth System. The geosphere is the solid Earth that includes the continental and oceanic crust as well as the various layers of Earth s interior.
The Earth System The atmosphere is the gaseous envelope that surrounds Earth. It consists of a mixture of gases composed primarily of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor. The atmosphere and
EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON SNOWPACK IN THE COLORADO RIVER BASIN. By Michael Powers
EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON SNOWPACK IN THE COLORADO RIVER BASIN By Michael Powers CONTENTS Introduction... 3 Methodology... 4 Immediate Effects on Snowpack... 5 Effects of Global Warming on Microbial
WEATHERING, EROSION, AND DEPOSITION PRACTICE TEST. Which graph best shows the relative stream velocities across the stream from A to B?
NAME DATE WEATHERING, EROSION, AND DEPOSITION PRACTICE TEST 1. The diagram below shows a meandering stream. Measurements of stream velocity were taken along straight line AB. Which graph best shows the
Understanding Basic Concepts demonstrate an awareness of air as a substance that surrounds us and takes up space, and whose movement we feel as wind
Designation: Ontario Curriculum: Science and Technology Earth and Space Systems: Grade 2 Air and Water in the Environment Written by: Andrea Schultz-Allison, Department of Earth Sciences, The University
6 th Grade Science Assessment: Weather & Water Select the best answer on the answer sheet. Please do not make any marks on this test.
Select the be answer on the answer sheet. Please do not make any marks on this te. 1. Weather is be defined as the A. changes that occur in cloud formations from day to day. B. amount of rain or snow that
The atmosphere has a number of gases, often in tiny amounts, which trap the heat given out by the Earth.
The Earth is wrapped in a blanket of air called the atmosphere, which is made up of several layers of gases. The sun is much hotter than the Earth and it gives off rays of heat (radiation) that travel
Precipitation forms from water droplets or ice crystals.
KEY CONCEPT Water falls to Earth s surface as precipitation. BEFORE, you learned Water moves between Earth's surface and the atmosphere Water vapor condenses into clouds NOW, you will learn How precipitation
8.5 Comparing Canadian Climates (Lab)
These 3 climate graphs and tables of data show average temperatures and precipitation for each month in Victoria, Winnipeg and Whitehorse: Figure 1.1 Month J F M A M J J A S O N D Year Precipitation 139
Earth Systems. atmosphere, geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere. Made by Liesl at homeschoolden.com
Earth Systems atmosphere, geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere You may make as many copies as you need for your homeschool or classroom. Feel free to link to the original post. Feel free to use the image
Where in the World is the arctic?
Where in the World is the arctic? Summary: Students map the arctic in relation to their home in order to learn the location and countries of the arctic. Grade Level: 3-4; 5-8; K-2 Time one class period.
KINDERGARTEN WATER 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
KINDERGARTEN WATER 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES WATER CYCLE OVERVIEW OF KINDERGARTEN WEEK 1. PRE: Defining the states of matter. LAB: Discovering the properties of water. POST: Analyzing the water
The Balance of Power in the Earth-Sun System
NASA Facts National Aeronautics and Space Administration www.nasa.gov The Balance of Power in the Earth-Sun System The Sun is the major source of energy for Earth s oceans, atmosphere, land, and biosphere.
HOW AN ENERGY EFFICIENT HOME CAN HELP THE ENVIRONMENT
HOW AN ENERGY EFFICIENT HOME CAN HELP THE ENVIRONMENT During the last century, concern about the environment increased, as issues such as global warming and the Greenhouse Effect convinced us that the
The rock cycle. Introduction. What are rocks?
The rock cycle This Revision looks at the three types of rock: sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic. It looks at how they are formed, the weathering of rocks and the way one form of rock turns into another,
Create Your Own Soil Profile Ac5vity
Create Your Own Soil Profile Ac5vity Middle School: 5-8 Task Overview: Soil profile refers to layers of soil. A typical soil profile takes nearly 1,000 to 100,000 years to form. The formation of the soil
Biological Complexity
Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Section 1: Community Ecology Section 2: Terrestrial Biomes Section 3: Aquatic Ecosystems Living organisms can be studied at different levels of complexity. From least
Students will describe the carbon cycle and the journey a carbon atom might take on its way through this cycle after participating in a simulation.
Pre-Visit Activity #3 The Carbon Cycle Overview Objectives Subjects Earth has a fixed number of carbon atoms which circulate among air, plants, animals, soil, and minerals by way of the carbon cycle. This
4THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
4THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK GRADE 4 ELEMENTARY-LEVEL SCIENCE TEST WRITTEN TEST JUNE 6, 2011 Student Name School Name Print your name and the name of your school on the lines above. The test
Southern AER Atmospheric Education Resource
Southern AER Atmospheric Education Resource Vol. 9 No. 5 Spring 2003 Editor: Lauren Bell In this issue: g Climate Creations exploring mother nature s remote control for weather and Climate. g Crazy Climate
FACTS ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE
FACTS ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE 1. What is climate change? Climate change is a long-term shift in the climate of a specific location, region or planet. The shift is measured by changes in features associated
CGC1D1: Interactions in the Physical Environment Factors that Affect Climate
Name: Date: Day/Period: CGC1D1: Interactions in the Physical Environment Factors that Affect Climate Chapter 12 in the Making Connections textbook deals with Climate Connections. Use pages 127-144 to fill
Climates are described by the same conditions used to describe
58 The Causes of Climate R E A D I N G Climates are described by the same conditions used to describe weather, such as temperature, precipitation, and wind. You now know that oceans have an important effect
1. A student found a sample of a solid material that was gray, shiny and made of all the same material. What category does this sample best fit?
Grade 4 Standard 3 Unit Test A Earth Materials Multiple Choice 1. A student found a sample of a solid material that was gray, shiny and made of all the same material. What category does this sample best
A Few Facts about Antarctica
A Few Facts about Antarctica Antarctica is the continent that surrounds the South Pole, the southernmost point at the bottom of the earth. Antarctica is a continent because it is land that is covered by
Microclimate in the Outdoor Classroom
Microclimate in the Outdoor Classroom 1. CONTRIBUTOR S NAME: TJ FONTAINE 2. NAME OF INQUIRY: MICROCLIMATE IN THE OUTDOOR CLASSROOM 3. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES: TEACH STUDENTS ABOUT THE SIMULARITIES AND DIFFERENCES
The Water Cycle Now You See It, Now You Don t
The Water Cycle Now You See It, Now You Don t Unit: Salinity Patterns & the Water Cycle l Grade Level: Elementary l Time Required: Introduction - 30 min. - Activity as groups 45min Wrap Up 20 min l Content
ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES. reflect
reflect There is a saying, No man is an island, which means that people need one another in order to survive. Everyone on Earth is interconnected in some way. This is not only true of human beings, but
Geography affects climate.
KEY CONCEPT Climate is a long-term weather pattern. BEFORE, you learned The Sun s energy heats Earth s surface unevenly The atmosphere s temperature changes with altitude Oceans affect wind flow NOW, you
Ecology Pre-Test (High School)
Ecology Pre-Test (High School) Science is easier to understand if you can make connections between what you know now and the new ideas that you are studying. This is a test that will help us to understand
Graphing Sea Ice Extent in the Arctic and Antarctic
Graphing Sea Ice Extent in the Arctic and Antarctic Summary: Students graph sea ice extent (area) in both polar regions (Arctic and Antarctic) over a three-year period to learn about seasonal variations
Increasing water availability through juniper control.
Tim Deboodt, OSU Crook County Extension Agent 498 SE Lynn Blvd. Prineville, OR 97754 541-447-6228 Tim.deboodt@oregonstate.edu Increasing water availability through juniper control. Throughout the region
An Online School for Weather. www.srh.noaa.gov/jetstream/atmos/ll_whatacycle_aquifers.pdf
JetStream An Online School for Weather Aquifers Aquifers Aquifers 1 3 5 Aquifers Aquifers Aquifers 2 4 6 /atmos/ll_whatacycle_aquifers.pdf There are over 35 lesson plans in the National Weather Service
The Science and Ethics of Global warming. Global warming has become one of the central political and scientific issues of
The Science and Ethics of Global warming Global warming has become one of the central political and scientific issues of our time. It holds a fascination for scientists because of the tremendous complexity
A Year in Antarctica. Features of This Text. Focus for Instruction
TM Celebration Press Reading DRA2 Level 38 Guided Reading Level P Genre: Nonfiction Narrative Reading Skill: A Year in Antarctica By Anita Ganeri What happens when a team of scientists sets out to spend
WEATHER AND CLIMATE practice test
WEATHER AND CLIMATE practice test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What role does runoff play in the water cycle? a. It is the process in
Tropical rainforests grow in areas of high rainfall, they are found between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
Tracking KS3 the Tropics In our Tropical Rainforest Biome you will discover how plants, animals and people of the Tropical Rainforest fit together. Let s Start! Look point 1 (Map on Left as you enter the
Ecosystems. The two main ecosystem processes: Energy flow and Chemical cycling
Ecosystems THE REALM OF ECOLOGY Biosphere An island ecosystem A desert spring ecosystem Biosphere Ecosystem Ecology: Interactions between the species in a given habitat and their physical environment.
Seasonal & Daily Temperatures. Seasons & Sun's Distance. Solstice & Equinox. Seasons & Solar Intensity
Seasonal & Daily Temperatures Seasons & Sun's Distance The role of Earth's tilt, revolution, & rotation in causing spatial, seasonal, & daily temperature variations Please read Chapter 3 in Ahrens Figure
Summary This lesson will introduce the concept of the water cycle by using a simple demonstration.
Partnerships Implementing Engineering Education Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester Public Schools Supported by: National Science Foundation Weather: 4.H.3 Water Cycle Grade Level 4 Sessions Seasonality
THE PLANT KINGDOM: THE WATER CYCLE
THE PLANT KINGDOM: THE WATER CYCLE Material: The Water Cycle Nomenclature The Water cycle Model Water Ice Heat Source (lamp with a clamp) Tables Presentation 1: Key Experience 1. Say, Today we are going
Overview. Suggested Lesson Please see the Greenlinks Module description.
Overview Plants interact with their environment in many ways that we cannot see. Children often enjoy learning about these hidden secrets of plant life. In this lesson, children will learn about role of
Water & Climate Review
Water & Climate Review 1. The cross section below shows the direction of air flowing over a mountain. Points A and B are at the same elevation on opposite sides of the mountain. 4. The graph below shows
by Erik Lehnhoff, Walt Woolbaugh, and Lisa Rew
Designing the Perfect Plant Activities to Investigate Plant Ecology Plant ecology is an important subject that often receives little attention in middle school, as more time during science classes is devoted
Partnerships Implementing Engineering Education Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester Public Schools
Partnerships Implementing Engineering Education Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester Public Schools Supported by: National Science Foundation Weather: 4.H.3 Weather and Classical Instruments Grade