17.4 Domains and Kingdoms
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1 Bell Ringer: Interpret this quote (5 sentences!!!) If a man is called to be a streetsweeper, he should sweep streets even as Michelangelo painted, or Beethoven composed music, or Shakespeare wrote poetry. He should sweep streets so well that all the hosts of heaven and Earth will pause to say, Here lived a great streetsweeper who did his job well. -Martin Luther King
2 KEY CONCEPT The current tree of life has three domains.
3 Classification is always a work in progress. The tree of life shows our most current understanding. New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Animalia and Plantae Animalia Plantae
4 Classification is always a work in progress. The tree of life shows our most current understanding. New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Plantae Animalia and Plantae Animalia 1866: all single-celled Protista organisms moved to kingdom Protista
5 Classification is always a work in progress. The tree of life shows our most current understanding. New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Plantae Animalia and Plantae Animalia 1866: all single-celled Protista organisms moved to kingdom Protista 1938: prokaryotes moved to kingdom Monera Monera
6 Classification is always a work in progress. The tree of life shows our most current understanding. New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Plantae Animalia and Plantae Animalia 1866: all single-celled Protista organisms moved to kingdom Protista 1938: prokaryotes moved to kingdom Monera 1959: fungi moved to own kingdom Fungi Monera
7 Classification is always a work in progress. The tree of life shows our most current understanding. New discoveries can lead to changes in classification. Until 1866: only two kingdoms, Plantae Animalia and Plantae Animalia 1866: all single-celled Protista organisms moved to kingdom Protista 1938: prokaryotes moved to kingdom Monera 1959: fungi moved to Archea own kingdom Fungi Bacteria 1977: kingdom Monera split into kingdoms Bacteria and Archaea
8 The three domains in the tree of life are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Domains are above the kingdom level. proposed by Carl Woese based on rrna studies of prokaryotes domain model more clearly shows prokaryotic diversity
9 Domain Bacteria includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Bacteria. one of largest groups on Earth classified by shape, need for oxygen, and diseases caused Vibrio cholerae Escherichia coli
10 Domain Archaea includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Archaea. cell walls chemically different from bacteria differences discovered by studying RNA known for living in extreme environments Ex-deep sea vents, hot geysers, Antarctic waters, salt lakes
11 Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. kingdom Protista
12 Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. kingdom Plantae
13 Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. kingdom Fungi
14 Domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotes. kingdom Animalia
15 Bacteria and archaea can be difficult to classify. transfer genes among themselves outside of reproduction blurs the line between species more research needed to understand prokaryotes bridge to transfer DNA
16 Question? Why are protists, plants, fungi and animals classified into the same domain but different kingdoms???
17 Viruses and Bacteria are not the same thing Viruses are not classified in any of the six kingdoms Viruses cannot metabolize or reproduce independently Viruses therefore are not technically living things
18 Because the have unique and different properties from known life forms, they require their own classification system.
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