Importing an Excel Worksheet into SAS

Transcription

1 Imprting an Excel Wrksheet int SAS Preparing Data fr a Statistics Package: Frm Excel Hw t Set up the Excel File: Place the variable names in the first rw. Be sure the names fllw these rules: variable names can be n mre than 8 characters lng variable names must start with a letter variable names may nly have letters, numbers, r underscres in them d nt use fllwing characters in variable names: %,$,#,@,!,+,*,~,",.,-,. n blanks in variable names be sure that each variable name is unique (n duplicate variable names) be sure variable names are n the first rw nly! Only include the raw, un-summarized data. Delete extraneus data in yur Excel file, like rw r clumn ttals, graphs, cmments, anntatins, etc. T prevent "ghst" rws and clumns, cpy nly the raw data nt a new wrksheet, and save frm there. Include a unique identifying number fr each case. Smetimes yu may have mre than ne identifier, such as Husehld ID and Subject ID; place these in separate clumns. If yu have several spreadsheets cntaining data n the same individuals, include their identifier(s) n each sheet. Only include ne value per cell. Dn t enter data such as "120/80" fr bld pressure. Enter systlic bld pressure as ne variable, and diastlic bld pressure as anther variable. Dn't enter data as "A,C,D" r "BDF" if there are three pssible answers t a questin. Include a separate clumn fr each answer. Dn't leave blank rws r clumns in the data. Dn t mix numeric and character values (e.g. names and ID numbers) in the same clumn. While character variables are allwed in statistical packages, they are nt as flexible as numeric variables, which are preferred. Use numeric values when feasible. Date values are best entered in three clumns: ne fr mnth, ne fr day, ne fr year. Yu can change them int date values in yur statistics package later. If yu have missing values, yu can indicate them with a numeric cde, such as 99 r 999, r yu can leave the cell blank. Be sure, if yu use a missing value cde, that it cannt be cnfused with a "real" data value. Save the spreadsheet with values nly, nt frmulas. D nt underline text, r use bldface r italics. 1

2 An excerpt frm an ideal Excel data set might lk like this: Hw t Save the Excel File: Versin 4.0 Wrksheets can be read by mst statistical packages. T save yur Excel file in versin 4.0, g t the File menu and chse Save As... and then select Excel 4.0 Wrksheet (nt Wrkbk) as the file type. Yu will be able t save nly ne wrksheet at a time in Excel 4.0 frmat. T preserve yur riginal Excel data, use a different name when saving in this special frmat. T be sure that the file name will be easily recgnizable n any system, use a name nt lnger than eight characters, and add the extensin.xls. If yu have several wrksheets, they will need t be saved individually and merged in the statistical package yu are using. The cnsultants at CSCAR can help yu with this. A dcument very similar t this ne is available nline at What Type f Excel Files Can Yu Imprt? Yu can imprt Excel wrksheets, starting with very early versins f Excel (e.g., Excel versin 4.0). Yu can als imprt individual wrksheets frm wrkbks fr later versins f Excel (e.g. Excel 2000), but nly ne wrksheet at a time. The mst recent versins f Excel cannt be pened autmatically by SAS, and will have t be saved as an earlier versin befre prceeding. Step-By-Step Instructins: G t the File Menu and select Imprt Data Select the type f data file that yu wuld like t imprt frm the pull-dwn menu. 2

3 Click n the Next> buttn t prceed. In the dialg bx that pens, brwse t the Excel file that yu wish t pen, and click n the Open buttn. 3

4 The filename that yu have chsen will appear in the brwse dialg bx. Click n OK. In the next dialg bx, yu will need t select the table that yu want t imprt frm the pulldwn list. In this example, we are selecting the table named march, which is in fact, the nly table in this wrkbk. 4

5 Click n Next> t prceed. At this pint, yu will be taken t a dialg bx that allws yu t save the SAS data set t a library. The default temprary library WORK will be autmatically filled in fr yu, but yu need t type the data set name. In this case, we are saving the data set as WORK.MARCH. 5

6 At this pint, yu have tw chices fr what t d. If yu click n Finish, the data set will be saved, and yu can prceed t wrk with it. If yu click n Next>, yu will g t the fllwing dialg bx, where yu will have a chance t save SAS cmmands t be used t imprt the data set at a later time. I usually click n Next>, s I can save my cmmands. This prcess is shwn belw: 6

7 Yu can nw click n Finish t cmplete imprting the data set. If yu saved yur cmmands t imprt the Excel file, yu can bring them int yur SAS enhanced editr, by ging t File Open Prgram and brwsing t the cmmand file that yu saved. The cmmand file is shwn belw: PROC IMPORT OUT= WORK.MARCH DATAFILE= "C:\temp\labdata\MARCH.XLS" DBMS=EXCEL REPLACE; SHEET="march"; GETNAMES=YES; MIXED=NO; SCANTEXT=YES; USEDATE=YES; SCANTIME=YES; RUN; The data set can be mdified by creating a new data step, with additinal cmmands, fr example: 7

8 data march2; set march; ttpassngrs = barded + transfer + nnrev; empty_seats = capacity ttpassngrs; ttnnpass = mail + freight; pctfull = (ttpassngrs/capacity)*100; run; SAS can nw be used t run prcedures n this data set: prc means data = march2; run; The MEANS Prcedure Variable Label N Mean Std Dev Minimum Maximum DATE DATE MILES MILES MAIL MAIL FREIGHT FREIGHT BOARDED BOARDED TRANSFER TRANSFER NONREV NONREV DEPLANE DEPLANE CAPACITY CAPACITY ttpassngrs empty_seats ttnnpass pctfull