Level Biology: Cells Structure and Function Review KEY
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1 Level Biology: Cells Structure and Function Review KEY 1. What is the difference between prokaryotes & eukaryotes? Prokaryotes- no true nucleus Eukaryotes- nuclear membrane around genetic material 2. List an example of a prokaryote. Bacteria 3. List an example of a eukaryote. Animal, Plant, Fungi, and Protist 4. What are the 3 basic principles involved in the cell theory? 1. All living things are made of cells. 2.Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things. 3. Cells come from other cells through cell division. 5. What is the function of the nucleus? Control cellular activities 6. What structures are found inside the nucleus? Nucleolus 7. Which organelle synthesizes proteins? Ribosomes 8. What do chloroplasts do? Photosynthesis 9. Which organelle provides the cell energy? Mitochondrion 10. Which two organelles are only found in plant cells? Cell Wall and Chloroplasts 11. Which two organelles are only found in animal cells? Lysosomes and Centrioles 12. What is the function of the cell wall? Support and Protection 13. Write the function for each of the following organelles: a. Lysosome- produce digestive enzymes to digest molecules. Break down dead organelles or harmful organisms. b. Centriole- Cell Division c. Cytoplasm- jelly- like substance where most of the metabolic activity occurs. d. endoplasmic reticulum-transports molecules throughout the cell. e. cell membrane- Regulates what may enter or leave the cell. f. Golgi apparatus- receive, process, and package materials to send to other parts of the cell. g. Cell wall- Protect and support cell. h. Nuclear membrane- regulates what may enter and leave the nucleus. i. Cytoskeleton- Maintains shape of cell
2 j. Centrioles- Cell Division 14. Directions: Use the following word bank to label the cell organelles in the diagrams below. Write the letter and the name of the organelle from the word bank. Identify the cell as plant or animal. Word Bank a. Cell Membrane e. Ribosome i. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum b. Cell Wall f. Mitochondrion j. Golgi Apparatus c. Centriole g. Nucleus k. Lysosome d. Chloroplast h. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Vacuole C. Type of cell: _Eukaryote- Animal_ H. I. K. F.
3 B. Type of cell: Eukaryote-Plant H. I D. F 15. Directions: Use the microscope diagram and the word bank below to label the parts of the microscope. Write the letter and the name of each part, not just the letter. Word Bank a. arm h. high power objective b. base i. illuminator (light source) c. stage clips j. low power objective d. coarse adjustment knob k. stage e. diaphragm l. revolving nosepiece f. eyepiece (ocular) m. body tube g. fine adjustment knob
4 F. M. C. K. I. D. B. 16. In the letter e lab, describe how the e looked under the microscope. Upside Down and backwards 17. Using the microscope, what is the actual movement of a specimen if it appears to move up and to the left? Right 18. What is the total magnification power using the scanning objective? 40X 19. What is the total magnification power using the low power objective? 100X 20. What is the total magnification power using the high power objective? 400X 21. Use the picture to the right to help you describe the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration The reactants of Photosynthesis are the products of Cellular Respiration. The reactants of Cellular Respiration are the products of Photosynthesis. 22. What is the general chemical equation of photosynthesis? Light energy + CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O 23. What is the general chemical equation of cellular respiration? C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O energy + CO2 + H2O
5 24. Put the following in order: cell, organelle, organ, tissue, organism, organ system Organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism 25. Each of these scientists contributed to discoveries about cells. What were these scientists knows for discovering? Hooke-Discovered Cells Van Leewenhoek- created a single lens microscope. Discovered animalicules in pond water. Schleiden- determined all plants are composed of cells. Schwann- determined all animals are composed of cells. Virchow-stated that all living things cells come from cells.
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