The Muscular System. Presented by: Miles Parsons & Breanna Flores

Transcription

1 The Muscular System Presented by: Miles Parsons & Breanna Flores

2 Introduction- Function Body muscles help for upright posture, walking, moving, bending and picking up objects. They also help in breathing, blood circulation and functioning of other internal organs. The Muscular System is comprised of a variety of organs and muscular tissues, which each have a specific task in the functioning of the body.

3 The Three Kinds of Muscles Skeletal Muscles- used to facilitate movement by applying force to bones and joints. Generally contracts voluntarily. Skeletal Muscles are attached to bones with Tendons so that they can pull on them for movement. They re attached to each other with Ligaments so they can pull together.

4 The Three Kinds of Muscles- (Continued) Smooth Muscles- used for contraction around organs such as the bladder, uterus, and the gastrointestinal tract. Cardiac Muscles- involuntary muscles in the heart that continue to contract, rhythmically throughout the organism's life.

5 Antagonistic Pairs Since muscles can only pull, and not push, they almost always come in Antagonistic Pairs. As one muscles contracts, the other relaxes, and vice versa. Example: Biceps and triceps. As your bicep contracts to bend your arm, your tricep relaxes. Then, as your tricep contracts to straighten your arm, your bicep relaxes.

6 Sarcomeres Sarcomere- long cells that can contract. They are made of two components: 1. Thin filaments- has one strand of actin and one strand of regulatory proteins 2. Thick Filament- made of myosin

7 Sliding Filament Model

8 Twitch, Summation, and Tetanus Twitch- a single action potential causes a brief contraction followed by a relaxation. Summation- occurs when two stimuli come in rapid succession, and the second twitch is greater than the first. Tetanus- This is the loss of relaxation between stimuli. This is a contractile mechanism that fuses into one continuous contraction. Ex: Seizures; which are first stimulated by the nervous system, but affect the muscle contractions

9 How is homeostasis involved? The Muscular System helps the body maintain homeostasis by Keeping body temperature at a normal and healthy level. Participating in feedback loops by reacting to stimulus. Allowing for movement and support.

10 Myotubular Myopathy is an X-linked condition that primarily affects the tone and contraction skeletal muscles. It is most commonly found in males. Signs/Symptoms -Muscle weakness -Loss of muscle tone -Impaired motor skills -Respiratory failure Myotubular Myopathy

11 Prevalence: The incidence of X-linked myotubular myopathy is estimated to be 1 in 50,000 newborn males worldwide. Treatment: Because of the nature of XLMTM, there is little to no treatment of the disease, all that can be done is to manage the affected persons diet, and maintain a regular exercise plan. Myotubular Myopathy

12 THANK YOU!!!!!

13 Works Cited Avice01. "Sliding Filament." YouTube. YouTube, 10 Dec Web. 26 May 2016.< > GHR, "X-linked Myotubular Myopathy." Genetics Home Reference. US National Library of Medicine, July Web. 17 May 2016.< Mader, Sylvia S. "Muscular System." Biology. 10th ed. Dubuque, IA: W.C. Brown, Print. "New Health Guide." Muscle System. NHG, Web. 25 May 2016.< Silverthorn. Exercise 6: Muscle Physiology II Twitch & Summation (n.d.): n. pag. Muscle Physiology. Cabrillo, 29 Mar Web.< Weerasinghe, Vajira, Prof. "Muscle Contraction." Muscle Contraction. Department of Physiology, 3 Apr Web. 26 May < > "X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)." NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). NORD, Web. 17 May < > Zimmermann, By Kim Ann. "Muscular System: Facts, Functions & Diseases." LiveScience. Tech Media Network, 11 Mar Web. 25 May 2016.< > All images from google images.