Geography - Year 8 Revision for Common Entrance Trial Examination in November 2013

Transcription

1 Geography - Year 8 Revision for Common Entrance Trial Examination in November 2013 The Year 8 Trial Examination takes place in week 11 of the Autumn Term In order to give you a realistic assessment, you will be given a full Common Entrance paper to complete. I have, however, narrowed down the amount of revision you will have to do for the Trial. This is the format of the examination Section A asks questions about Global Location. Section B is based on an OS map extract and can ask questions connected to any of the topics you have studied over the last year as well as topics you will be studying in Year 8. Section C covers Thematic Studies i.e. the five main Topics studied in Year 7 and Year 8. Knowledge of case studies is required for Section C. You are required to answer all the questions within an hour. To start with you need to know where to find information on the topics we have studied as well as the topics you will continue to study in Year 8. Below is a list of sources for revision:- Year 7 Exercise books these contain class and prep work on two units of study: Volcanoes and Earthquakes and Rivers and Coasts (a full list of topics is given below). ISEB Geography Revision Guide Set of Case Studies - I have re-written these onto one A4 side for each case study. For the purposes of this Trial Examination I have given you

2 FOUR of these to revise (you can break down the information on these further by writing key points onto cards). Class Folder this contains extra information sheets on each topic and Past Papers. Here is a breakdown of each section of the paper:- Section A of the paper You have 10 minutes to complete Section A of the paper. In this section you may be asked to locate the following on a world map - countries, cities, rivers, oceans, mountain ranges, lines of latitude (Cancer, Equator and Capricorn), the Prime Meridian (this is zero degrees longitude, passing through Greenwich in London) and time differences travelling eastwards (1 hour forward) or westwards (1 hour back). Be careful! The examination board could ask for locations on a map of the World, UK or Europe. For this Trial, I want you to revise Global places and features. Ensure that you revise the maps of the World at the back of your Revision Guide. Below is a list of the Global places and features you may be asked about. You will not be asked to locate anywhere that is not on this list! Major global physical features Continents - Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Oceania, Europe, North and South America. Mountain ranges - Alps, Andes, Himalayas, Pyrenees and the Rockies. Desert - Sahara Oceans - Arctic, Indian, Atlantic and the Pacific. Rivers - Amazon, Mississippi, Nile, Rhine and the Yangtze. Other global features - Arctic Circle, Antarctic Circle, Equator, International Dateline, North Pole, Prime Meridian, South Pole, Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. Countries Africa: Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa. Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Pakistan, Russia and Saudi Arabia. Oceania: Australia and New Zealand

3 Major cities and city states Beijing, Berlin, Cairo, Delhi, Los Angeles, Madrid, Mexico City, Moscow, New York, Paris, Rio de Janeiro, Rome, Sydney, Tokyo, Warsaw and Washington DC. Section B of the paper You have 10 minutes to complete Section B of the paper. In this section you are required to study an OS Map extract. Make sure you know your four and six figure grid references, directions (N, S, E and W), distances and scale as well as contour lines. If you are unsure about any of these check out the map reading section in your Revision Guide (RG pages 79 83). Also, look at the information below:- Section B - Ordnance Survey Map work You will have to know the following:- 4 and 6 figure grid references (RG pages 79 and 80). Map Symbols these come with the map! (the key) but it would be useful to know major symbols to speed up answers in the examination. Identify compass directions - 8 point (RG page 79). Identify simple relief features on a map e.g. a slope, a hill, a valley, a river etc (RG page 82). Work out the straight line distance between two points as well as being able to measure the distance along a winding road, river, railway etc. (use the straight edge of a piece of paper for the latter RG pages 80 and 81). Work out the range of height between two points on the map using contour lines or spot heights (RG page 82).

4 Describe the land use of a part of the map can be a whole host of things including coniferous/non-coniferous woods, ind est indicating industrial estate, housing, roads/railways, quarry, hotel, caravan and camping etc. Identify reasons for the location of settlements along a flat part of a valley, near a river for water, near woods for fuel (early settlement factors), near roads/railway lines/ports (settlement growth!), nodal points (particularly for Market Towns), away from flooding from a large river. Identify reasons for the location of land use such as industrial estates, airports, sea ports, retail parks, business parks etc. flat land for space and expansion, near urban area for source of labour, not too near an urban area as to cause too much disruption, near transport routes for bringing supplies/raw materials in and transporting finished products to other towns/cities, away from potential flooding of large rivers etc. Identify different types of economic activity on a map e.g. Primary (farm, Quarry, Coalmine, fishing port), Secondary (Industrial Estate, works, mill, etc.) and Tertiary (Hotels, Supermarkets/Retail Parks, Tourist facilities such as camping etc.). Describe the course of a river on a map from the source (where land is higher indicated by tighter contour lines), through the middle stage (where land becomes gentler indicated by wider contour lines) to the final mature stage (where the land is virtually flat indicated by very wide spacing in contour lines on a map). Please note that you may be asked to describe the changing shape of the channel as well as the changing shape of the valley. Identify which way a river is flowing on a map look at spot heights/contour heights along the course of the river; the river will always flow from the higher points towards the lower points.

5 Be able to work out the area of a place/land use such as woods using the scale at the bottom of the OS map extract Each square on a 1:50,000 map = 1 square Km (RG page 81). Section C of the paper This is the Thematic Studies section of the paper. You are required to answer all five questions. Each question will be based on a theme or topic studied in Year 7 and Year 8. These themes or topics are listed below. The questions for each theme or topic will ask you about the key concepts. For example the question on Rivers and Coasts may start off by asking you about different types of weathering and erosion. Then you might be asked to draw a diagram explaining how a particular landform has been formed (e.g. a Meander in a river or a Stack along the coast). The question might finish by asking you about a case study on flooding (Bangladesh would be your case study). You will have 8 minutes to answer each question. Keep it simple and answer the questions directly do not waffle! For example if the question asks for impacts and responses, do not write anything about causes. You must revise the A4 case study information sheets. There are four case studies for you to revise for the forthcoming trial in November 2013:- Flooding The 1998 Flood in Bangladesh. Earthquakes the Asian Tsunami of Economic Activity Toyota Car Plant in Burnaston, Derby. Sustainable Development Case study Sustainable Development in the Yorkshire Dales National Park. Try to make revision cards based on the A4 case study sheets these will help you in the rest of your geography examinations. Be aware that there are less direct questions on your case studies compared to the old format paper. You are asked more questions on theory linked to your case studies.

6 Below is a list of topics to revise for the Trial. I have provided page numbers from your revision guide to help structure your revision but remember that you have plenty of information in your Exercise Books and Class Folder (again, in order to reduce the amount of revision you need to do on topics you have yet to study, I have only included sub-topics related to the Trial Examination). Rivers and Coasts RG = Revision Guide Processes of erosion Hydraulic Action, Abrasion, Corrosion and Attrition (RG page 17). Processes of Transportation Solution, Suspension, traction and Saltation (RG page 18). River landforms and processes Waterfall, Ox-bow Lake and Meander (RG pages 19, 20 and 21). The causes and effects of and responses to a flood the Bangladesh flood of 1998 (RG pages 27, 28, 31, 32, 33 and 34 and A4 Case study sheet). Earthquakes and Volcanoes The global distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes. Make sure you know where the Pacific Ring of Fire and Mid-Atlantic Ridge are located! (RG page 59 your exercise book is better for this). Destructive Plate Boundary you need to know why there are so many earthquakes and volcanic eruptions around the Pacific Ocean (exercise book is best for this). Earthquakes Why are earthquakes so destructive? Why are MEDCs better prepared than LEDCs (RG pages 56 to 59). An example of an earthquake to show the nature, causes, environmental and human effects and human responses - The Asian Tsunami of 2004 yes the Tsunami was caused by an earthquake. Information found in your exercise books and in the A4 case study sheet.

7 Weather and Climate The difference between weather and climate (RG page 2). Interpreting Climate graphs (RG pages 9 and 10) Rainfall relief, convectional, frontal. How to draw or annotate a diagram and explain the formation of different types of rainfall (RG pages 5, 6 and 7). Economic Geography Employment structure make sure you know what Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary activities are and how to spot these on an OS map (RG page 61). Reasons for the location of an industry (RG page 61). Case Study The Toyota car plant in Derby. You need to know how and where the product cars in this case is manufactured, referring to inputs and processes (A4 case study sheet X2). Make sure you know what the Inputs, throughputs (processes) and outputs are for the company. Environmental Issues Much of this question is data response i.e. you are given information in a picture and a written passage you respond by using the information to answer a series of questions. Your work on Walton on the Naze will help you here. Reasons why green spaces and countryside areas should be preserved. (RG page 71). You must understand what is meant by Sustainable Development and Stewardship. Case study Sustainable Development in the Yorkshire Dales National Park (RG pages 73, 74 and 75 and the A4 case study sheet). The list of topics above are significantly less than what you will have to learn for the final CE examination at the end of Year 8. This should give you a fair chance of scoring a decent mark in the trial examination. We will be practicing map work in the lessons leading up to your Trial.

8 I have given you a past paper to look at over the Autumn Half Term Holiday remember some of the topics in this paper will not appear in your trial in November. You can have a go at some of the questions (this is optional) If you do complete any part of the paper, I will of course mark your responses and provide individual feedback before the Trial. A final note Examinations are important and people get nervous. The best way to approach examinations is to be well prepared. Your responses to questions will be more effective if you are relaxed and confident. GOOD LUCK!