Year 11 Case Study Revision Pack

Transcription

1 Year 11 Case Study Revision Pack Topic Case Study Focus Case Study Location What could you be asked? Economic development and industry Population and settlement Natural Hazards (Climatic and Tectonic Hazars) 1. Sustainable aid project in a LEDC Goat Aid, Tanzania, Africa Explain why aid is needed in Tanzania. Explain the advantages and disadvantages. How is the project sustainable / unsustainable / successful / unsuccessful? 2. LEDC MNC Coca Cola, India Location of industry, impacts of secondary industry, advantages and disadvantages of MNCs in LEDCs. Sustainability / unsustainability 3. MEDC MNC Disney land, Paris Location of industry, impacts of tertiary industry, advantages and disadvantages of MNCs in MEDCs. Sustainability / unsustainability 4. Management of population / overpopulation China, one child policy Describe how the policy manages population growth and explain the advantages and disadvantages. How is the project successful / unsuccessful / sustainable / unsustainable? 5. International migration Ghana to Europe Explain the cause (push and pull factors), impact (positive and negative) and management of migration from the Ghana to the UK. 6. Sustainable urban change / urban development Greenwich Millennium Village, London OR Describe the changes in the area and explain how sustainable they are (social, economic and environmental advantages and disadvantages). Whiteley Shopping centre (controlled assessment) 7. Changing retail patterns Whiteley shopping centre and Fareham high street Describe the changes to retail patterns and why they occurred. Explain the impact of these changes on both places (positive and negative). 8. Urbanisation, movement of people from rural to urban areas China Describe the urban / rural population of China. Explain the push and pull factors of urbanisation. Explain why people want to move to cities (causes). Explain how urbanisation is managed in China. 9. LEDC climatic Hazard Cyclone Nargis, Myanmar Explain the cause, impact and management of the climatic hazard. Explain why the effects were so severe. Explain how sustainable / successful the management attempts have been. 10. MEDC climatic hazard Hurricane Katrina, USA Explain the cause, impact and management of the climatic hazard. Explain how sustainable / successful the management attempts have been. 11. LEDC Tectonic Hazard Haiti Earthquake Explain the cause, impact and management of the tectonic hazard. Explain why the effects were so severe. Explain how sustainable / successful the management attempts have been. 12. MEDC Tectonic Hazard Japan Tsunami / Earthquake REMEMBER: 12 MARKS IN TOTAL (3 SPAG) 2 PARTS TO THE QUESTION 3 PARAGRAPHS SUSTAINABILITY = SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES USE CONNECTIVES USE PLACE SPECIFIC DETAIL / FACTS / EVIDENCE ACCURATE SPAG- CAPITAL LETTERS, PARAGRAPHS. Explain the cause, impact and management of the tectonic hazard. Explain how sustainable / successful the management attempts have been.

2 Development and Industry Checklist Development content: Page: Revised? 1 Defining development 66 2 Defining sustainable development 3 Measuring development and development indicators 66 4 Advantages and disadvantages of development indicators 66 5 What is the difference between LDC, LEDC, NIC and MEDC? 67 6 The Brandt line 67 7 Limitations of the Brandt line 67 8 Factors that limit development Defining aid Different types of aid Advantages and disadvantages of aid (link to sustainability) Case study: Sustainable Aid, Goat Aid Tanzania Industry content: Page Revised? 1 Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary industry 73 2 Changing employment structures in LEDCs, NICs and MNCs 73 3 Location of industry- ARM LEG factors 74 4 Changing location of primary, secondary, tertiary and 77 quaternary industries 5 Causes of globalisation 85 6 Multinational companies (MNCs) advantages and 86 disadvantages 7 Social, economic and environmental impact of globalisation 88 8 Environmental impact of industry, MNCs and development Making economic development more sustainable Case study: Industry in a LEDC, Coca Cola India 11 Case study: Industry in a MEDC Disneyland, Paris 12 Global climate change causes The greenhouse effect Global climate change impacts (social, economic and 82 environmental) 15 Global climate change management and response 83

3 Natural Hazards Checklist Climatic Hazard Content: Page: Revised? 1 Definition of a climatic hazard 58 2 Tropical storm formation 58 3 Tropical storm location factors 58 4 Tropical storm characteristics 58 5 Primary and secondary impacts of tropical storms 59 6 Explain why MEDCs cope better than LEDCs 59 7 Reducing the impacts of tropical storms 60 8 Case study: MEDC Hurricane Katrina, USA 9 Case study: LEDC Cyclone Nargis, Myanmar 10 Cause of drought- human and natural Location of droughts Primary and secondary impacts of drought Humans affecting the severity of droughts Reducing the impact of droughts 64 Tectonic Hazard Content: Page Revised? 1 Definition of a tectonic hazard 49 2 Structure of the earth 49 3 Tectonic plates (continental and oceanic) 49 4 Plate boundaries Distribution (location) of earthquakes and volcanoes 51 6 Impacts of earthquakes (primary and secondary) 52 7 Reducing the impact of earthquakes (3 Ps) 53 8 LEDC Earthquake Case Study: Haiti 9 MEDC Tsunami / Earthquake Case Study: Japan 10 Impacts of volcanoes (primary and secondary) Reducing the impact of volcanic eruptions Advantages of living near to danger zones 55

4 Population & Settlement Revision Checklist Population content: Page: Revised? 1. Factors that cause population growth / change The demographic transition model Impact of development of population change Population pyramids Overpopulation causes Overpopulation social, economic and environmental impacts Management of overpopulation Population management case study: One child policy, China Causes of ageing population Social and economic impact of ageing population Management of ageing populations in MEDCs Types of Migration Causes of Migration: Push and Pull Factors Impacts of Migration Case study: Impacts and management of international migration Ghana to Italy 37 Settlement content: Page: Revised? 1. Urbanisation: causes (push and pull factors) Urbanisation: impacts (positive & negative and on rural & urban 40 areas) 3. Urbanisation: management techniques Case study: Urbanisation in China Counter-urbanisation: causes (push and pull factors) Counter-urbanisation: impacts (positive & negative and on rural & 42 urban areas) 7. Counter-urbanisation: management techniques Urban land use models: The Burgess Model Social, economic and cultural factors that influence the Burgess 43 model 10. Sustainable urban development Case study: Urban change in Greenwich Millennium Village 12. Retail goods: high, medium and low order goods Characteristics of different retail / shopping areas Changing retail patterns Changing retail patterns case study: Whiteley Shopping Centre

5 Changes Whiteley Shopping Centre was completed in May 2013 at a cost of 84 Whiteley Shopping Centre was built of a brownfield site which used to have be an outlet centre Whitelely Shopping Centre employs 1,000 people Whiteley Shopping Centre has 50 shops and restaurants 11 independent (Solent cycles, Sweets and Treats), 30 UK owned chains and MNCs (M&S, Body Shop), 8 foreign owned MNCs (H&M) Effects on Fareham High Street 1. Shops used to be busy but are going out of business 2. Less customers are using Fareham High Street as people visit Whiteley Shopping Centre 3. People are losing their jobs as shops shut due to less customers 4. Empty shops are being used by charity shops which lowers the appearance of an area and reduces the taxes collected. Location factors Access Junction 9 of the M27, easy by car (Raw material)- Market large customer base - 30 minutes from Southampton and Portsmouth Labour large labour force for the 1,000 vacancies Environment large, flat land with lots of room for car parking and development (Government)

6 Location factors Access- good road, rail and air transport links Raw materials- 15% of the energy used is from renewable resources (France use lots of nuclear and wind energy) Market- 68million people are no more than a 4 hour drive and 300 million within a 2 hour flight Labour- Lots of local workers living in and around Paris Environment- flat land which is easy to build on Government- US$1bn incentives given from the French government Social impacts Advantages 15,000 people employed by Disney (75% are French) Disadvantages Some feel that Disneyland in Paris has encouraged France to lead an unhealthy American type of consumerism Loss of cultural identify Economic impacts Advantages 15.8 million visitors since billion added to the French economy Disadvantages Loss of farmland and income for farmers Environmental impact Advantages 39% of waste in the park is recycled 15% of energy comes from renewable sources Disadvantages Increased flights, trains and motor vehicles to Disneyland Paris has led to environmental damage due to greater fuel emissions

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13 Rural urban migration in China China s urban population is on the up 1990 = 26% 2006 = 44% (550+ million people) This change is called urbanisation and means when people move from the rural areas to the urban areas. People move for many reasons and these are called push factors and pull factors. PUSH FACTORS 1. Fewer jobs - more machinery has made farming more efficient and require fewer workers. 150 million rural unemployed in Lower wages and higher poverty Lower wages in rural areas million living in poverty in rural China in Shortage of services education, healthcare are funded by taxes. Poor rural areas have less money to improve services. 1.1 million children did not go to Primary school in PULL FACTORS 1. More jobs More industries and jobs in urban areas 2. Higher wages and lower poverty average income is 3 times higher than in the rural areas. 3. Better services more (and better) services because there is the money to find them. IMPACTS OF URBANISATION Positive More workers and an increase in the demand for services in the urban areas helps to increase trade and industry. This boosts the economy. Negative The increasing population causes more pollution and environmental damage. Over 270 cities in China have no water treatment plants so sewage is dumped straight into local rivers. Positive About 130 million people who have migrated send money home to their families. This increases the income and helps them avoid poverty. Negative It is usually young people who migrate, leaving an ageing population in the rural areas. About half of all Chinese people over 60 and live without any younger relatives to help look after them. MANAGEMENT -In 2001, China changed its urban water supply system to cope with the increased sewage and pollution. This has helped improve quality and supply. - In 2009, a pilot pension scheme was set up to give retired farmers a monthly pension. This will help raise income and reduce rural poverty

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