The Irrigation Innovators

Transcription

1 FRICTION TABLES The Irrigation Innovators /" /" " /" /" /" /" " /" /" /" /" " /" /" /" /" " /" /"

2 STATIC PRESSURE: One foot of elevation change results in a change in static pressure of. psi. Dynamic Pressure in a piping system (when water is flowing) varies according to these following five factors, but is always less than static pressure for that same point Velocity (of water normally measured in feet per second) Inside Diameter (of pipe) Roughness (of inside wall of pipe) Length (of pipe) Change in Direction (such as elbows and tees) NOTE: This does not include remote control valves, backflow prevention devices, etc. The manufacturers' performance charts must be consulted for pressure loss information. PIPE SIZING: Two methods used to determine the pipe sizing are the velocity limit method which is recommended for main line sizing and the friction factor method for sizing laterals. LIMIT PIPE SIZING FORMULA Velocity of flow values is computed using the general equation: V =.0 Q d V Q d = = = Velocity in feet per second Flow Volume (GPM) Inside diameter of pipe The shaded areas of charts indicate velocities over ' per second and should be used with caution. Excess velocity could result in system damage from pressure surges. FRICTION FACTOR PIPE SIZING FORMULA F f = P o = P v = L c = Allowable psi loss per 00' of pipe Operating pressure of sprinkler Allowable percentage pressure variance Longest run of lateral line (critical length) hf C Q d = = = = F f = P o x P v L c This formula is used to determine the allowable pressure loss per 00' of lateral pipe. Multiplying the operating pressure by the percentage variation and dividing that number by the longest run of pipe from the control valve to the farthest head (divided by 00' length) gives us the allowable loss. Using this number we can budget the pressure we are allowed to lose. And, it gives us a guideline by which each section of pipe can be sized. NOTE: We recommend 0% as an acceptable operating pressure variation within a lateral line. Friction pressure loss values are computed from the equation: hf = ( 00 C. ( Friction loss per 00' Coefficient of retardation based on pipe material Flow volume (GPM) Inside diameter of pipe NOTE: For design capacity information, refer to the Design Capacity and Working Pressure Brochure and Worksheet (LIT0 & LIT0), or for computer software, the Irrigation System Design Calculator (LIT). ( ( Q. d. X. for psi loss per 00' pipe

3 /" /" " /" /" ".. 0. /".. 0. " " ".. 0. Note: Shaded areas of chart indicate velocities over ' per second. Use with Caution. FRICTION CHARACTERISTICS PVC SCHEDULE 0 IPS PLASTIC PIPE (0, 0) C = 0 PSI loss per 00 feet of tube (PSI/00 FT) Sizes /" thru " Flow GPM thru 00

4 /" /" " /" /" " /" " " " FRICTION CHARACTERISTICS PVC SCHEDULE 0 IPS PLASTIC PIPE (0, 0) C = 0 PSI loss of 00 feet of tube (PSI/00 FT) Sizes /" thru " Flow GPM thru 00 Note: Shaded areas of chart indicate velocities over ' per second. Use with Caution.

5 /" /" ".. /" /" " /".. 0. " " ".. 0. FRICTION CHARACTERISTICS PVC CLASS IPS PLASTIC PIPE (0, 0) SDR. C = 0 PSI loss per 00 feet of pipe (PSI/00 FT) Sizes /" thru " Flow GPM thru 00 Note: Shaded areas of chart indicate velocities over ' per second. Use with Caution.

6 /" ".. /".0.0 /" ".. 0. /" " " ".. 0. FRICTION CHARACTERISTICS PVC CLASS 00 IPS PLASTIC PIPE (0, 0) SDR C = 0 PSI loss per 00 feet of pipe (PSI/00 FT) Sizes /" thru " Flow GPM thru 00 Note: Shaded areas of chart indicate velocities over ' per second. Use with Caution.

7 FRICTION CHARACTERISTICS PVC CLASS 0 IPS PLASTIC PIPE (0, 0) SDR C = 0 PSI loss per 00 feet of pipe (PSI/00 FT) Sizes " thru " Flow GPM thru 00 ".. 0 /".0. /".00. ".. /" " " ".. 0. Note: Shaded areas of chart indicate velocities over ' per second. Use with Caution.

8 FRICTION CHARACTERISTICS PVC CLASS IPS PLASTIC PIPE (0, 0) SDR. C = 0 PSI loss per 00 feet of pipe (PSI/00 FT) Sizes " thru " Flow GPM thru 00 ".. /".0. /".00. ".. /".. ".00. " " Note: Shaded areas of chart indicate velocities over ' per second. Use with Caution.

9 /" 0. /" 0. ".0 /".0 /".0 ".0 /". ".0 ".0 ".0 FRICTION CHARACTERISTICS POLYETHYLENE (PE) SDRPRESSURE RATED TUBE (0, 0, 0) SDR,,., C = 0 PSI loss per 00 feet of tube (PSI/00 FT) Sizes /" thru " Flow GPM thru 00 Note: Shaded areas of chart indicate velocities over ' per second. Use with Caution.

10 /" /" " /" /" " /" " " " FRICTION CHARACTERISTICS SCHEDULE 0 STANDARD STEEL PIPE C=00 PSI loss per 00 feet of pipe (PSI/00 FT) Sizes /" thru " Flow GPM thru 00 Note: Shaded areas of chart indicate velocities over ' per second. Use with Caution.

11 FRICTION CHARACTERISTICS TYPE K COPPER WATER TUBE C = 0 PSI loss per 00 feet of tube (PSI/00 FT) Sizes /" thru " Flow GPM thru /" /" /" ". 0. /".. /".. ".. /".. " Note: Shaded areas of chart indicate velocities over ' per second. Use with Caution.

12 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 0 / 0 0 / / / / / / 0 PRESSURE THROUGH SWING CHECK VALVES PRESSURE (PSI) / / / / / / / VALVE VALVE Nominal Pipe Size Globe Valve Angle Valve Sprinkler Angle Valve Gate Valve Side Outlet Std. Tee Run of Std. Tee Std. Elbow Elbow PRESSURE IN VALVES AND FITTINGS Equivalent Length in Feet of Standard Steel Pipe PRESSURE THROUGH COPPER AND BRONZE FITTINGS Nominal Tube Size 0 Elbow Elbow Tee Run Tee Side Outlet 0 Bend 0 Bend 0 Elbow Elbow Tee Run Tee Slide Output Compression Stop WROUGHT COPPER CAST BRONZE EQUIVALENT FEET OF STRAIGHT TUBING 0

13 * Cool equals under 0 F as an average midsummer high. Warm equals between 0 and 0 F as midsummer highs. Hot equals over 0 F. Humid equals over 0% as average midsummer relative humidity (dry=under 0%). Length of String Size service line copper Climate* Cool Humid Cool Dry Warm Humid Warm Dry Hot Humid Hot Dry Size of service line galvanized CLIMATE P.E.T. TABLE /" /" /" /" /" Inches Daily Worst case PRESSURE THROUGH BRONZE GATE VALVES " PRESSURE : (PSI) " " /" /" ESTIMATED SERVICE LINE S GPM VALVE / / / / / " /" PRESSURE THROUGH WATER METERS AWWA STANDARD PRESSURE : (PSI) / NORMAL / /

14 SLOPE REFERENCE CHARTS % Angle Ratio ' 0 : 0 ' : 0 0 ' ' ' : 0 ' : ' 0' 00'. : 0 0' 0 00' 00 00' : 0. : ' ' 0 ' ' 00' ' ' ' 0 ' ' MAXIMUM PRECIPITATION RATES The maximum PR values listed are as suggested by the United States Department of Agriculture. The values are average and may vary with respect to actual soil condition and condition of ground cover. SOIL TEXTURE MAXIMUM PRECIPITATION RATES: INCHES PER HOUR 0 to % slope to % slope to % slope %+ slope Cover Bare Cover Bare Cover Bare Cover Bare Course sandy soils Course sandy soils over compact subsoils Light sandy loams uniform Light sandy loams over compact subsoils Uniform silt loams Silt loams over compact subsoil Heavy clay or clay loam

15 CONVERSION FACTORS TO CONVERT FROM TO MULTIPLY BY AREA acres foot 0 acres meter 0. meter foot 0. foot inch inch centemeter. hectares meter 0000 hectares acres. POWER kilowatts horsepower.0 foot /minute meter /second.000 foot /second meter /second.0 yards /minute meter /second.0 gallon/minute meter /hour. gallon/minute liter/minute. gallon/minute liter/second.00 meter /hour liter/minute. meter /hour liter/second. liter/minute liter/second 0 LENGTH foot inch inch centimeter.0 foot meter.0 kilometer miles. miles foot 0 miles meter 0. millimeter inch.0 PRESSURE PSI kilopascals. PSI bars.0 bars kilopascals 00 PSI feet of head. feet/second meter/second.0 VOLUME feet gallon. feet liter. meter feet. meter yard.0 yard feet yard gallon 0 acres/feet foot,0 gallon meter.00 gallon liter. imperial gallon gallon.

16 Hunter Industries The Irrigation Innovators 0 Diamond St. San Marcos, CA 0 U.S.A. TEL: 00 FAX: 0 LIT0.PDF /0