Test 12: Review questions

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1 Name: Wednesday, April 16, 2008 Test 12: Review questions 1. Which reaction represents the process of neutralization? 1. Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl 2(aq) + H 2(g) 2. HCl(aq) + KOH(aq) KCl(aq) + H2O(l) 3. Pb(NO 3) 2(aq) + CaCl 2(aq) Ca(NO 3) 2(aq)+ PbCl 2(s) 4. 2KClO (s) 2KCl(s) + 3O (g) Which solution when mixed with a drop of bromthymol blue will cause the indicator to change from blue to yellow? M HCl M CH3OH M NH M NaOH 3. Which compound is a nonelectrolyte? 1. HNO 3. NaOH 3 2. H SO 4. CH OH How are HNO (aq) and CH COOH(aq) similar? They are Arrhenius acids and they turn blue litmus 3. They are Arrhenius bases and they turn blue litmus red. red. 2. They are Arrhenius acids and they turn red litmus 4. They are Arrhenius bases and they turn red litmus blue. blue.

2 5. Which of these 1 M solutions will have the highest ph? 1. NaOH 3. HCl 2. CH OH 4. NaCl 3 6. Given the balanced equation representing a reaction: H SO (aq) + 2KOH(aq) K SO (aq) + 2H O( ) Which type of reaction is represented by this equation? 1. decomposition 3. single replacement 2. neutralization 4. synthesis 7. If 25 milliliter of 0.80 M HCl is used to completely neutralize 40. milliliters of NaOH solution, what is the molarity of the base? M M M M 8. Which ph value indicates the most basic solution? As the ph of a solution is changed from 3 to 6, the concentration of hydronium ions 1. increases by a factor of 3 3. decreases by a factor of 3 2. increases by a factor of decreases by a factor of 1000

3 10. An aqueous solution of an ionic compound turns red litmus blue, conducts electricity, and reacts with an acid to form a salt and water. This compound could be 1. HCl 3. KNO 3 2. NaI 4. LiOH 11. When phenolphthalein indicator is added to a colorless solution with a ph of 10, a student observes and concludes that the tested solution 1. remains colorless and is basic 3. turns pink and is basic 2. remains colorless and is acidic 4. turns pink and is acidic 12. How many milliliters of 0.20 M HCl are needed to exactly neutralize 40. milliliters of 0.40 M KOH? ml ml ml ml 13. A neutral solution of a salt in water contains fewer H3O ions than OH ions an equal number of H3O ions and OH ions more H3O ions than OH ions neither H3O ions nor OH ions 14. Which process uses a volume of solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of another solution? 1. distillation 3. substitution 2. transmutation 4. titration

4 15. Which compound is an electrolyte? 1. C6H12O 6 3. CaCl2 2. CH3OH 4. CCl4 16. A sample of Ca(OH) is considered to be an Arrhenius base because it dissolves in water to yield Ca ions as the only positive ions in solution - 3. OH ions as the only negative ions in solution + 2. H3O ions as the only positive ions in solution - 4. H ions as the only negative ions in solution 17. What color is bromcresol green after it is added to a sample of NaOH(aq)? Answer: 18. Which statement describes the characteristics of an Arrhenius base? 1. It changes blue litmus to red and has a ph less than It changes red litmus to blue and has a ph less than It changes blue litmus to red and has a ph greater than 4. It changes red litmus to blue and has a ph greater than Which indicator is yellow in a solution with a ph of 9.8? 1. methyl orange 3. bromcresol green 2. bromthymol blue 4. thymol blue

5 20. The table below shows the color of the indicators methyl orange and litmus in two samples of the same solution. Which ph value is consistent with the indicator results? In a titration, 3.00 M NaOH(aq) was added to an Erlenmeyer flask containing milliliters of HCl(aq) and three drops of phenolphthalein until one drop of the NaOH(aq) turned the solution a light-pink color. The following data were collected by a student performing this titration. Initial NaOH(aq) buret reading: milliliters Final NaOH(aq) buret reading: milliliters Figure 1 Which is a correct numerical setup for calculating the molarity of the HCl( aq)?

6 22. In the reaction HNO + H O H2O and HNO 3 3. H2O and H3O H2O and NO 3 4. HNO 3 and H3O H O + NO, the two Brönsted acids are 23. How many liters of 2.5 M HCl are required to exactly neutralize 1.5 liters of 5.0 M NaOH? L L L L 24. The only positive ion found in an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid is the 1. hydroxide ion 3. sulfite ion 2. hydronium ion 4. sulfate ion 25. Which compound is an Arrhenius acid? 1. H SO 3. NaOH KCl 4. NH Which salt is formed when hydrochloric acid is neutralized by a potassium hydroxide solution? 1. potassium chloride 3. potassium chlorite 2. potassium chlorate 4. potassium perchlorate

7 27. What color is phenolphthalein in a basic solution? 1. blue 3. yellow 2. pink 4. colorless 28. In which solution will thymol blue indicator appear blue? M CH COOH M HCl M KOH M H SO Which type of reaction will occur when equal volumes of 0.1 M HCl and 0.1 M NaOH are mixed? 1. neutralization 3. electrolysis 2. ionization 4. hydrolysis 30. Which solution will change red litmus to blue? 1. HCl(aq) 3. CH3OH(aq) 2. NaCl(aq) 4. NaOH(aq) 31. Which compound could serve as a reactant in a neutralization reaction? 1. NaCl 3. CH3OH 2. KOH 4. CH3CHO

8 32. What volume of M HNO (aq) must completely react to neutralize milliliters of M KOH(aq)? ml ml ml ml 33. In a titration, the endpoint of a neutralization reaction was reached when 37.6 milliliters of an HCl solution was added to 17.3 milliliters of a M NaOH solution. What was the molarity of the HCl solution? M M M M 34. Which compound is an Arrhenius base? 1. CH OH 3. LiOH 3 2. CO 4. NO According to Reference Table M, what is the color of the indicator methyl orange in a solution that has a ph of 2? 1. blue 3. orange 2. yellow 4. red 36. If 20. milliliters of 1.0 M HCl was used to completely neutralize 40. milliliters of an NaOH solution, what was the molarity of the NaOH solution? M M M M

9 37. Which substance is an electrolyte? 1. CH OH 3. H O C H O 4. KOH Base your answer to the question on the information below. In preparing to titrate an acid with a base, a student puts on goggles and an apron. The student uses burets to dispense and measure the acid and the base in the titration. In each of two trials, a M NaOH(aq) solution is added to a flask containing a volume of HCl(aq) solution of unknown concentration. Phenolphthalein is the indicator used in the titration. The calculated volumes used for the two trials are recorded in the table below. Figure 2 Using the volumes from trial 1, determine the molarity of the HCl(aq) solution. Answer: M 39. Base your answer to the question on the information below. Calcium hydroxide is commonly known as agricultural lime and is used to adjust the soil ph. Before the lime was added to a field, the soil ph was 5. After the lime was added, the soil underwent a 100-fold decrease in hydronium ion concentration. What is the new ph of the soil in the field?

10 40. Which compound is a salt? 1. CH3OH 3. H2C2O4 2. C6H12O 6 4. KC2H3O2 41. Which formula represents a hydronium ion? + 1. H3O - 3. OH + 2. NH4-4. HCO Which ion is produced when an Arrhenius base is dissolved in water? H, as the only positive ion in solution 3. OH, as the only negative ion in solution H3O, as the only positive ion in solution 4. H, as the only negative ion in solution 43. Information related to a titration experiment is given in the balanced equation and table below. H SO (aq) + 2KOH(aq) K SO (aq) + 2H O( ) Based on the equation and the titration results, what is the concentration of the H 2SO 4(aq)? M M M M

11 44. When an Arrhenius acid dissolves in water, the only positive ion in the solution is H 3. Na Li 4. K 45. Given the reaction: HCl(aq) + LiOH(aq) HOH(l) + LiCl(aq ) The reaction is best described as 1. neutralization 3. decomposition 2. synthesis 4. oxidation-reduction 46. If 5.0 milliliters of a 0.20 M HCl solution is required to neutralize exactly 10. milliliters of NaOH, what is the concentration of the base? M M M M 47. Which balanced equation represents a neutralization reaction? 1. H SO + 2LiOH Li SO + 2H O BaCl + Cu(NO ) Ba(NO ) + CuCl KClO3 2KCl + 3O2 4. Mg + NiCl2 MgCl 2 + Ni 48. Sulfuric acid, H2SO 4(aq), can be used to neutralize barium hydroxide, Ba(OH) 2(aq). What is the formula for the salt produced by this neutralization? 1. BaS 3. BaSO 3 2. BaSO 4. BaSO 2 4

12 49. What is the maximum volume of 0.10 M NaOH that can be completely neutralized by 25 milliliters of 0.20 M HCl? ml ml ml ml 50. What is the molarity of an NaOH solution if 20. milliliters of 2.0 M HCl is required to exactly neutralize 10. milliliters of the NaOH solution? M M M M

13 Answer Key for Test 12: Review questions blue

14 Test 12: Review questions