CHP Plant based on a Hybrid Biomass and Solar System of the Next Generation EU project No. ENER/FP7/249800/"SUNSTORE 4" Dipl.-Ing. Alfred Hammerschmid

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1 CHP Plant based on a Hybrid Biomass and Solar System of the Next Generation EU project No. ENER/FP7/249800/"SUNSTORE 4" Dipl.-Ing. Alfred Hammerschmid BIOS BIOENERGIESYSTEME GmbH, Austria TEL.: +43 (316) ; FAX: +43 (316) hammerschmid@bios-bioenergy.at HOMEPAGE:

Alfred Hammerschmid BIOS BIOENERGIESYSTEME GmbH, Austria TEL.

2 Contents EU project: aims History of district heating in Marstal Overall plant design Plant units Operation mode of the system 2

3 Aims SUNSTORE 4 is an awarded large-scale demonstration project within the EU's 7th frame program (theme 5 Energy) Demonstration of a 100 % renewable energy system for district heating Based on an already existing system the future SUNSTORE 4 district heating installation should achieve a significant solar fraction (in the range of 50%) in combination with long term heat storage with heat production costs between 3-6 -cent per kwh Additionally a biomass CHP plant based on an ORC and a CO 2 compressor driven heat pump will be integrated in order to cover the remaining heat demand The biomass fuel will be willow from short rotation directly planted around the project site (Island of Aero - DK) in the near future 3

with long term heat storage with heat production costs between 3-6 -cent per kwh Additionally a biomass CHP plant based on an ORC and a CO 2 compressor driven heat pump will be

4 Plant location (I) MARSTAL solar-biomass-chp-plant 4

5 Consortium within the EU project No. Partner name Country Main task 1 Marstal Fjernvarme a.m.b.a. Denmark project coordinator and plant erector/operator; dissemination northern/western Europe 2 SUNMARK A/S Denmark supplier of solar collectors 3 Euro Therm A/S Denmark supplier of biomass boiler system 4 Advansor Denmark supplier of heat pump 5 Steinbeis Innovation GmbH Germany long term monitoring 6 Energy Management AB Sweden european level concept study 7 BIOS BIOENERGIESYSTEME GmbH Austria engineering of ORC and thermal oil system; optimisation of biomass boiler (CFD) 8 Euroheat & Power Belgium dissemination European level 9 CityPlan spol. s r.o. Czech Rep. dissemination eastern Europe 10 Ambiente Italia Italy dissemination southern Europe 11 PlanEnergi Denmark technical consultant 5

6 Overview about the existing installation Bio-oil boilers Steel heat storage tank Pit heat storage Solar plant 6

7 Key facts of Marstal Fjernvarme Key facts of Marstal Fjernvarme: Established in 1962 Company is a Cooperative > heat consumer owned 1,500 heat consumers 35 km network of pipes for district heating supply Thermal solar coverage ~ % of the total heat production 2,100 t/a bio-oil consumption (by-products from food industry) 7

network of pipes for district heating supply Thermal solar coverage ~ 25-30 % of

8 Existing installation at Marstal Fjernvarme Existing energy system of Marstal Fjernvarme: 18,300 m solar system 18.3 MW th (total) bio-oil boilers 10,340 m pilot pit heat storage 3,500 m sand storage Bio-oil boilers 2,100 m steel heat storage Annual heat production, in total 28,000 MWh (2009) Wet scrubber after bio-oil boilers 8

3 MW th (total) bio-oil boilers 10,340 m pilot pit heat storage 3,500 m sand

9 Marstal heat production in 2008 heat production [MWh] 5,000 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec months bio-oil solar 9

3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Jan Feb

10 Plant overview of SUNSTORE Explanations: 1 existing solar plant; 2 existing pit heat storage; 3 area for new solar plant; 4 area for new pit heat storage; 5 area for new biomass CHP plant and connection of existing and new plant 10

for new solar plant; 4 area for new pit heat storage; 5 area

11 Principle hydronic system of SUNSTORE 4 80 C thermal oil Existing plant Biomass boiler 300 C 250 C ORC Flue gas condensation DH biomass fuel Cyclone 35 C Heat Pump Solar plant 80 C Pit heat storage 10 C 11

C ORC Flue gas condensation DH biomass fuel Cyclone

12 New system units of SUNSTORE 4 The project involves the following new units: 15,000 m of solar collectors 4 MW th biomass thermal-oil boiler fired with willow from SRF 1 MW th flue gas condensation unit 750 kw el ORC 1.5 MW th CO 2 compressor driven heat pump 75,000 m pit heat storage 12

fired with willow from SRF 1 MW th flue gas condensation unit 750 kw el

13 Heat production of different units in future operation Heat production unit Heat production [MWh/a] Existing solar plant 7,100 New solar plant (15,000 m ) 6,400 Solar production total 13,500 Existing heat pump 200 New heat pump (1.5 MW th ) 1,000 Heat pumps total 1,200 ORC 14,500 Flue gas condensation 4,800 Biomass total 19,300 Heat losses existing storages Heat losses new storage - 2,200 Heat losses storages total - 2,800 Peak load oil boiler 700 Total energy supply to district heating 31,900 13

5 MW th ) 1,000 Heat pumps total 1,200 ORC 14,500 Flue gas condensation 4,800 Biomass total 19,300 Heat losses existing

14 Scheme of new pit heat storage Total water volume: 75,000 m (distances in mm) 14

15 Biomass combustion plant including heat recovery 15

16 Biomass fuel Danish willow After harvesting After chipping 16

17 Biomass fuel analysis Danish willow Moisture Content wt% (w.b.) C wt% d.b H wt% d.b N wt% d.b S mg/kg d.b. 252 Cl mg/kg d.b. 38 F mg/kg d.b. 5 Si mg/kg d.b. 200 Ca mg/kg d.b. 4,190 Mg mg/kg d.b. 352 Al mg/kg d.b. 20 P mg/kg d.b. 733 Fe mg/kg d.b. 10 Mn mg/kg d.b. 21 K mg/kg d.b. 2,400 Na mg/kg d.b. 56 Zn mg/kg d.b Pb mg/kg d.b Cd mg/kg d.b Cu mg/kg d.b V mg/kg d.b Cr mg/kg d.b Co mg/kg d.b Ni mg/kg d.b As mg/kg d.b Mo mg/kg d.b Sb mg/kg d.b Ba mg/kg d.b Hg mg/kg d.b Tl mg/kg d.b Ash content (550 C) wt% d.b GCV measured MJ/kg (d.b.) GCV measured MJ/kg (d.b.) a.f NCV calculated MJ/kg (w.b.) 7.37 Sintering temperature C 1,080 Sphere temperature C 1,140 Hemisphere temperature C 1,190 Flow temperature C 1,210 - Analyses show that the chemical composition of willow is between typical wood chips and bark. - The detailed combustion behaviour has been pre-determined by lab-scale combustion tests. - CFD based design of the biomass combustion system and of the radiative section of the thermal oil boiler will support an optimised furnace and boiler design for this fuel at low emissions. 17

b. 0.36 Co mg/kg d.b. 0.07 Ni mg/kg d.b. 0.73 As mg/kg d.b. 1.33 Mo mg/kg d.b. 0.04 Sb mg/kg d.b. 0.02 Ba mg/kg d.b. 4.87 Hg mg/kg d.b. 0.20 Tl mg/kg d.b. 0.02 Ash content (550 C) wt% d.b. 1.67 GCV measured MJ/kg (d.

18 Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Thermal oil cycle and ORC 700 kw el ORC plant in Lofer (Austria) 18

19 CO 2 compressor driven heat pump Multi-compressor high-pressure heat pump with CO 2 as refrigerant (Source: Advansor) COP (coefficient of performance) is very sensible on the inlet temperature on the hot water circuit (corresponds with the gas cooler outlet temperature) but can reach very high hot water outlet temperatures (~ 80 C) without a reduction of COP. In Sunstore 4 the temperatures are: inlet 35 C, outlet 80 C 19

water circuit (corresponds with the gas cooler outlet temperature) but can reach very high hot water

20 Future operation mode (I) The main target is to substitute the costly bio-oil heat production during winter The solar system will produce the main part of its heat production between spring and autumn CO 2 compressor driven heat pump Utilises low temperature energy from the bottom of the heat storage Heat capacity of the pit heat storage will be increased due to larger temperature difference Efficiency of the solar system will be increased due to lower inlet temperature from the bottom of the pit heat storage Reduction of heat losses in the pit heat storage due to lower average temperature The operation of the heat pump takes place mainly at the end of the winter season in order to optimise the solar efficiency and the solar yields 20

larger temperature difference Efficiency of the solar system will be increased due to lower inlet temperature from the bottom of the pit heat storage Reduction of heat losses in the pit

21 Future operation mode (II) The biomass CHP system will manage the differences between solar production and heat demand mainly from autumn to spring The flue gas condensation unit and the ORC are connected in serial in order to reach a high efficiency for both systems the supply temperature of the flue gas condensation unit can be kept very low which allows a high efficiency for this system the electric efficiency of the ORC is mainly defined by the relatively low district heating supply temperature of 80 C The estimated electricity production from the ORC will be about 3,000 MWh/a The estimated electricity own demand for the plant including the heat pump is calculated to be about 1,500 MWh/a. Thus the whole plant will be a net producer of green electricity 21

22 Further facts of the EU project Project budget: 15.1 Mio. EU funding: 6.1 Mio. Project duration: 4 years (48 month) started July 2010 The project will be disseminated to 10 EU countries with the aim to shortly establish 20 similar facilities in Europe. The countries are Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden and England. The goal for 2020 is to achieve a thermal capacity of GW th leading to an annual heat production of 2-4 PJ/a based on this new hybrid biomass / solar solution within the EU. 22

23 Please visit our stand outside the auditorium! Thank you for your attention Dipl.-Ing. Alfred Hammerschmid, Austria TEL.: +43 (316) ; FAX: +43 (316) HOMEPAGE: 23

Summary technical description of the SUNSTORE 4 plant in Marstal

Summary technical description of the SUNSTORE 4 plant in Marstal The purpose of the SUNSTORE concept implemented in Marstal is to show that district heating can be produced with 100 % RES of which solar