Ch 22.6 Study Guide Volcanoes CPC Ch. 22.6: Volcanoes Vocabulary: volcano, magma chamber, pipe, vent, crater, caldera, silica, hot spot, shield volcano, cinder cone, composite volcano, batholiths, sill, dike, volcanic neck. How do volcanoes influence climate? How do volcanoes and plankton cycle carbon between the spheres and regulate temperatures? How do volcanic eruptions in the geosphere affect the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere? Where do most volcanoes occur? Why do volcanoes erupt? Describe process (Why does magma rise to the surface?) Volcanic structures: magma chamber; caldera; central pipe Explain 3 ways can volcanoes form? (Divergent plate boundaries.; Convergent plate boundaries; hot spots) What is a hot spot? Why are eruptions quiet at hot spot volcanoes? How were the Hawaiian islands formed? Quiet vs. Explosive eruptions (silica; water; temps.; & viscosity) Volcano types: shield; composite; cinder cone; seamount o Pick out type from picture or description o Associate type of eruption with each type of volcano o Identify location where each can be found o Describe/ Identify dangers posed by volcanic eruptions to humans and ecosystems. Identify & describe non-volcanic igneous features: lava plateaus (extrusive); sills; dikes; batholiths; volcanic necks or plugs (all intrusive)
Volcanoes Study Guide Volcanoes in the Earth System Volcanoes in the Earth System Complete the diagram below with words to explain how carbon is cycled from the atmosphere to the biosphere to the geosphere by volcanoes. Atmosphere Volcanoes release Biosphere: Plankton Geosphere: Eventually rock containing carbon is Geosphere: Plankton die and Volcanoes & the Atmosphere 1. Volcanoes are a part of the (ATMOSPHERE, BIOSPHERE, GEOSPHERE, HYDROSPHERE). 2. Volcanoes affect the atmosphere by releasing gases like (OXYGEN; CARBON DIOXIDE; OZONE). a. Greenhouse gases released by volcanoes cause the atmosphere to (WARM UP; COOL DOWN; STAY THE SAME). b. Greenhouse gases work by (ABSORBING SOLAR RADIATION; TRAPPING HEAT FROM EARTH S SURFACE; RELEASING LIGHT ENERGY). Volcanoes & the Biosphere 3. Plankton (TAKE IN/RELEASE) carbon dioxide. This results in a(n) (INCREASE/DECREASE) in temperatures. 4. The carbon dioxide is used by plankton to (MAKE FOOD/MAKE SHELLS/RESPIRE).
5. When plankton die, the fall to the ocean floor and become carbonate rock or the (ATMOSPHERE/BIOSPHERE/GEOSPHERE/HYDROSPHERE). 6. Carbonate rock is subducted at plate boundaries. The carbon in the rock is changed to (CARBON ORGANISMS/CARBON DIOXIDE/CARBONIC ACID) that is released by volcanoes. Volcanoes & the Hydrosphere 7. Volcanic gases make ocean water (MORE/LESS) acidic. This (BUILDS/DISSOLVES) the shells of organisms. Volcano Formation 8. Volcanoes form when rock melts and rises. Magma rises to the surface because it is hot and (LESS/MORE) dense than the surrounding rock. 9. The RING of FIRE is a (SUBDUCTION ZONE/SEA-FLOOR SPREADING CENTER/HOT SPOT) along the edge of the Pacific Plate. 10. Volcanoes that form at a plate boundary where two continental plates pull apart, form by: (SUBDUCTION ZONE/RIFTING/HOT SPOT)
11. Volcanoes that form when a deep plume of magma from the mantle rises to the surface and melts the crust above it, form over (SUBDUCTION ZONE/SEA-FLOOR SPREADING CENTER/HOT SPOT). 12. Most volcanoes form (in the middle of plates/at plate boundaries). 13. Katmal is a volcano formed by (SUBDUCTION ZONE/SEA-FLOOR SPREADING CENTER/RIFTING/a HOT SPOT). 14. Cape Verde is a volcanic island formed by (SUBDUCTION ZONE/SEA-FLOOR SPREADING CENTER/a HOT SPOT). 15. Underwater volcanoes along the Mid-Ocean Ridge form by (SUBDUCTION ZONE/SEA- FLOOR SPREADING CENTER/HOT SPOT). A B C Identify the volcanoes formed by: 16. Rifting: (A, B, C). 17. Subduction: (A, B, C). 18. Hot spot: (A, B, C). 19. Which volcano forms by hot magma deep in Earth s crust rising to the surface? (A, B, C). 20. Which volcanoes include continental crust in the melt? (A, B, C).
Hot Spot Volcanoes: A B C 21. Which volcano is the youngest in age? (A,B,C). 22. Describe the process that produces this chain of volcanoes. Volcano Types: Match the volcano type to its description. Shield Composite Cinder Cone Seamount 23. Underwater volcano 24. Large, broad or wide, gently sloping 25. Tall and steep; Explosive eruptions 26. Small, simple, steep sided, and usually only erupt one time 27. Hawaiian volcanoes 28. Ring of Fire or Subduction volcanoes 29. Quiet eruptions of liquid lava
Quiet vs. Explosive Eruptions: Place the following terms in the correct column. Magma high in silica Hot temperature magma Viscous magma Magma low in silica Cool temperature magma Liquid lava Ash, gas, & rock Pyroclastic Continental crust in melt Mantle rock in melt Shield volcano Composite volcano Hawaii Subduction zone (Ring of Fire) Quiet Eruption Explosive Eruption Volcano Hazards: Describe three ways in which volcanoes can cause harm to humans or ecosystems. Intrusive Volcanic Features Label the following features in the diagram below: Batholith Sill Volcanic Dike