Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

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1 Test 2 f14 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Carbon cycles through the Earth system. During photosynthesis, carbon is a. released from wood as carbon dioxide d. released by organisms as carbon dioxide when wood is burned b. broken down and released from the remains e. disolved in water of living organism c. converted by organisms from a gas to carbohydrates 2. Which of the following processes is NOT involved in the water cycle? a. nitrogen fixing c. transpiration b. evaporation d. precipitation 3. Phosphorus cycles through all spheres EXCEPT a. geosphere c. biosphere b. atmosphere d. hydrosphere 4. The study of meteorology involves the study of a. meteors. c. outer space. b. climate. d. animals. 5. Which of the following is NOT part of scientific methods? a. form a hypothesis c. ask a question b. draw conclusions d. become a scientist 6. Earth science is the scientific study of a. chemical equations. c. Earth and its universe. b. health and nutrition. d. human behavior. 7. Earth s four major spheres are the. a. hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, and biosphere b. hydrosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere c. hydrosphere, asthenosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere d. hydrosphere, geosphere, lithosphere, and asthenosphere 8. The life-forms of the biosphere are located in the. a. geosphere only b. hydrosphere and atmosphere only c. atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere d. hydrosphere only 9. Plants capture and transfer solar energy in a process called a. oikos. c. transpiration. b. ecology. d. photosynthesis. 10. Because Earth s interior is warmer than its surface layers, hot materials move toward the surface in a process called a. energy balancing. c. energy transfer. b. convection. d. rotation. 11. Carbon is stored as a type of rock called carbonate in the

2 a. biosphere. c. hydrosphere. b. atmosphere. d. geosphere. 12. The source of the sun s energy is. a. chemical burning c. nuclear fusion b. nuclear fission d. photosynthesis 13. In the equation E = mc 2, what does c represent? a. gravitational attraction c. speed of light b. atomic mass d. chemical composition 14. The sun converts matter into energy in the a. corona. c. radiative zone. b. convective zone. d. core. 15. Most of the sun s energy is a result of a. nuclear fusion. c. atomic reactions. b. nuclear fission. d. coronal mass ejection. 16. When hydrogen nuclei fuse into helium nuclei a. the nuclei die. c. particles collide. b. energy is released. d. particles neutralize. 17. In the equation E=mc 2, the letter c represents a. the energy that is produced. c. the speed of light. b. the mass that is converted. d. the distance to Earth from the sun. 18. Einstein s equation E = mc 2 helps scientists understand the sun s energy because the equation a. describes nuclear fission. b. explains how mass can be converted into huge amounts of energy. c. describes solar flares. d. explains a star s specific wavelengths of light. 19. What is the constant movement of water between the atmosphere and Earth s surface? a. precipitation cycle c. cloud cycle b. water cycle d. atmosphere cycle 20. Energy from the sun travels to Earth as a. visible light. c. ultraviolet rays. b. infrared rays. d. radiation. 21. About how much of the solar energy that reaches Earth is absorbed by the land, oceans, and atmosphere? a. 20% c. 50% b. 30% d. 70% Matching a. transpiration d. precipitation b. evaporation e. run off c. condensation 22. any form of water that falls from the sky 23. liquid water absorbs energy and becomes water vapor 24. liquid water released from plants absorbs energy and becomes water vapor

3 25. water vapor looses energy and becomes liquid water In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase. a. a system in which both matter and energy are exchanged with the surroundings b. the part of Earth where life exists c. a mixture of gases that surrounds a planet or moon d. the solid, rocky part of Earth e. the portion of Earth that is water 26. biosphere 27. atmosphere 28. open system 29. hydrosphere 30. lithosphere Match each item with the correct statement below. a. the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when carbon dioxide and water vapor in the air absorb and reradiate infrared radiation b. all of the frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation c. movement of matter due to differences in density caused by temperature variations d. the transfer of energy as heat through a material 31. electromagnetic spectrum 32. conduction 33. convection

4 Test 2 f14 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: C PTS: 1 2. ANS: A PTS: 1 3. ANS: B PTS: 1 4. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 5. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 6. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 7. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 4.9 STA: 1.e 2.f 13. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: B PTS: 1 NAT: UCP2 A1 B2 B5 D1 STA: 9.c 20. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 MATCHING 22. ANS: D PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: A PTS: 1

5 25. ANS: C PTS: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2

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