Holiday houses in Oppland county stock, development and use Tor Arnesen Birgitta Ericsson Ø s t l a n d s f o r s k n i n g ØF- R a p p o r t 1 5 / 2 9 I S B N 978-82- 7356-659- 1
Holiday houses in Oppland county stock, development and use 1. Norway: Number of holiday houses over the last 4 years 2. County of Oppland: Status in 29 - dimensions - localities - sizes 3. Norwegian mountain regions: Supply and demand over the last 1 years - stock: numbers and development - turnover: numbers and prices of holiday houses in mountain regions - turnover: numbers and prices holiday and residential houses in Oppland 4. Technical standards - sizes - piped water supply - localities and development patterns 5. Use of holiday houses - by technical standards - sesonal patterns - owners residence and mobility patterns 6. Trend forecast
The stock of holiday houses has grown at a steady pace since 197 Number of holiday houses Antall fritidsboliger 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Number of holiday houses in Norway 197 29 (including trend) R² =,9956 197 1975 198 1985 199 1995 2 25 29 Appoximately 1% of the total stock of holiday houses in Norway is localized in Oppland county Source: Statistics Norway
Many municipalities in mountain regions localizes more holiday houses than residential houses Lom Vestre Toten Jevnaker Skjåk Dovre Gjøvik Vågå Søndre Land Østre Toten Lunner Lillehammer Gran Vang Sør-Fron Lesja Sel Nord-Fron Øyer Etnedal Nordre Land Gausdal Vestre Slidre Øystre Slidre Sør-Aurdal Ringebu Nord-Aurdal 247 38 335 616 665 891 952 151 11 1173 131 146 1535 1633 1735 1954 26 271 214 2244 2274 2411 3249 3335 3412 4133 1 2 3 4 5 Distribution of holiday houses by municipality. Oppland county 29 Source: Statistics Norway Lom Vestre Toten Jevnaker Skjåk Dovre Gjøvik Vågå Søndre Land Østre Toten Lunner Lillehammer Gran Vang Sør-Fron Lesja Sel Nord-Fron Øyer Etnedal Nordre Land Gausdal Vestre Slidre Øystre Slidre Sør-Aurdal Ringebu Nord-Aurdal,7,15,11,24,19,21,28,4,4,56,52,59,76,79,75,9 1,15 1,1 1,62 1,56 1,79 2,16 2,16 2,43 2,43 2,6,,5 1, 1,5 2, 2,5 3, Number of holiday houses relative to number of residential houses (detached houses). Municipalities in Oppland 29 (Source: SSB)
Source: GAB Spatial distribution of holiday houses by density. Oppland 29 Heavy development in the mountain regions of Valdres, Midt- and Sør-Gudbrandsdalen Number of holiday houses by km2 (from light to dark): 6-49 pr. km2 5-99 pr. km2 1-199 pr. km2 2+ pr. km2 (Each quadrant on the map represents 1 km2)
Total utility floor space, m2 Most holiday houses are moderate in floor size Holiday houses in the counties of Hedmark and Oppland by total utility floor space 26 Hedmark Oppland Mean floor space is Mean floor space is 63 m 2 71 m 2 Number of holiday houses Source: GAB
Index (1997 = 1,) Number of holiday houses In Oppland, the number of holiday houses is increasing and fastly approaching a total of 45 Holiday houses - development in Oppland and neighbouring counties. Numbers 1997-29 and growth index (1997=1) 1,3 1,25 1,2 1,15 1,1 1,5 1 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Oppland Sør-Trøndelag Telemark Buskerud Hedmark Oppland Sør-Trøndelag Telemark Buskerud Hedmark Number (solid line, right hand y- axis) and index 1997=1, (dotted line, left hand y-axis). Source: Statistics Norway
Number of new holiday houses since 1997 Increase in % of stock pr. 1997 Of the total stock of holiday houses in 29, 2% is built since 1997 Holiday Fritidsboliger houses in -Oppland tilvekst 1997 and neighbouring 29 i Oppland counties og utvalgte : Increase fylker 1997-29 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 486 1 % % 143 4 % 276 6 % 2946 8 % 3881 4744 11 % 5326 13 % 6127 15 % 677 17 % 7174 19 % 7949 2 % 868 22 % 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3 % 25 % 24 % 2 % 15 % 1 % 5 % % Oppland Sør-Trøndelag Buskerud Telemark Hedmark Oppland, andel nye Increase in numbers since 1997 (solid line, left hand y-axis) relative increase in Oppland since 1997 (dotted line, right hand y-axis). Source: Statistics Norway (2% of the total stock in 29 is built since 1997 while the increase since 1997 has been 24%)
Number of transferred holiday houses Numbers of sold holiday houses is doubled from 1998 to 28, but the peak in 27 was not to be continued (at least temporarily?) Transfer of holiday properties (with building) sold on the free market. Selected counties. Number. 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 County: Buskerud Oppland Telemark Sør-Trøndelag Hedmark Source: Statistics Norway
NOK 1 Average price pr. transfer on the free market is more than tripled in the years from 1998 to 28 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Transfer of holiday properties with building sold on the free market. Selected counties. Average price pr. transfer (NOK 1 ) 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Buskerud Telemark Oppland Hedmark Sør-Trøndelag Source: Statistics Norway
Number of transfers Holiday house market shows the same pattern as residential buildings, but at a slightly higher speed Transfers on the free market of residential and holiday properties with building. Oppland county. Number of transfers. 3 25 2 15 1 5 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Oppland residences bolig Oppland holiday fritidsbolig houses
NOK 1 and the same pattern applies to price development Transfers on the free market of residential and holiday properties with building. Oppland county. Average price pr. transfer (NOK 1 ) 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Oppland residences bolig Oppland Oppland holiday fritidsbolig houses Source: Statistics Norway
Total utility floor space Holiday homes are growing last decade s new holiday houses average ca 85 m2 in by total utility floor space Holiday houses in Hedmark and Oppland raised in the period of 1997 26 by total utility floor space Hedmark Average utility floor space 74 m 2 if all buildings < 4 m 2 are discarded a.u.f.s. is 91 m 2 Oppland Average utility floor space 84 m 2 if all buildings < 4 m 2 are discarded a.u.f.s. 95 m 2 Total utility floor space Number of holiday houses Source: GAB
There is a significant rise in technical standards, especially in new developments Holiday houses by construction year and water supply source. Oppland county. Units with a total utility floor space above 4 m2. Water supply source It is reasonable to accept that most of old holiday houses don t have piped water supply. Whether just above half of holiday houses buildt after 1996 do have some kind of piped water supply could seem a bit more dubious. The results, though, are based on the most comprehensive property registrer in Norway (GAB). Year of construction Built before 1997 Built 1997-26 Piped water, public supply Number 862 133 2165 The distribution is based on approx. 4% of holiday houses built since 1997. Total % 18,1 % 36,1 % 25,8 % Piped water, private joint supply Number 127 482 69 % 2,7 % 13,4 % 7,3 % Piped water, other private supply Number 311 282 593 % 6,5 % 7,8 % 7,1 % No piped water supply Number 3474 1542 516 % 72,8 % 42,7 % 59,8 % Total Number 4774 369 8383 % 1, % 1, % 1, % Source: GAB
Holiday houses are built densly in holiday house development areas like in residential areas Bjorli Mysusæter/Kvamsfjellet Venabygdsfjellet Gålå Kvitfjell Beitostølen Skei Hafjell Sjusjøen / Ringsakerfjellet Spåtind Tyin / Filefjell Aurdalsåsen Vaset Mylla/Bislingen Kilde: GAB
Technical standards and accessability is decisive for levels of use Nights used by technical standards, accessability and season. Bruksdøgn Nights used 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1,, Whole Hele året year Summer Sommer Vinter Winter Strøm, El. power, vann, water, helårsveg road acc. Strøm/vann, El. power, and ikke water helårsv. Strøm, El. power, helårsveg road acc. Solcelle, Solar panel, helårsveg road acc. Kun El. power strøm Solcelle, Solar panel ikke, helårsv. not road acc. Ikke Road strøm access el. vann, helårsv. Ingenting Nothing Source: Eastern Norway Research Institute 25
Use intensity also depends on size, but not so much as technical standards Nights used and bed nights by floor space. Whole year. Index: Total mean = 1. Indeks total=1 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1..8.6.4.2. Less Under than 4 4-79 8-124 More 125 kvm than Total 4 m2 m2 m2 125 m2 kvm kvm kvm og over P-dgn: Bed nights: 1=137 1=137 B-dgn: Nights1=45 used: 1=45 Source: Eastern Norway Research Institute 25
Use and occupancy rate are highly seasonal Nights used, bed nights and number of users pr night by month and municipality. Mean. Bruksdgn Nights used 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Okt nov des Jan feb mar apr mai jun jul aug sep okt nov 21 22 23 des Jan feb mar apr Pers. Persons pr bruksdgn pr. night used 4,5 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1,,5, Okt feb nov des Jan mar apr mai Rendalen Gausdal Nord-Aurdal jun jul aug sep okt Persondgn Bed nights 3 25 2 15 1 5 nov des Jan 21 22 23 Okt nov desjan feb marapr mai jun jul aug sep okt nov des Jan feb marapr 21 22 23 feb mar apr Rendalen Gausdal Nord-Aurdal Rendalen Gausdal Nord-Aurdal Source: Eastern Norway Research Institute 25
Holiday house owners from the capital region Olso dominate, especially new and alpine skiing resorts Holiday houses in selected regions in Oppland: Owner s residence by holiday house region Nordseter Hafjell Skei The region of Lillehammer 29,7 % 3,6 % 17,3 % From rest of Hedmark/Oppland 1,8 % 4,9 % 11,6 % Oslo/Akershus 46,2 % 79,6 % 62,2 % Østfold 5,3 % 6,2 % 3,4 % Rest of the country 8, % 5,7 % 5,5 % SUM 1 % 1 % 1 % Source: Eastern Norway Research Institute 25
5% 5 3% 1-16% Source: Eastern Norway Research Institute 27 Holiday houses generates significant amounts of traffic flows 1 2% 83% from south : Daily mean: 12 trips (both directions) 1-16% 45 5 2% 1 2%
Number of new holiday houses since 1997 Increase in % of stock 1997. Oppland 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 In 217 will 3% of the total stock have been built since 1997 (i.e. 15 out of a total of 5 units) Increase in number of holiday houses 1997-29 with trend until 217. Oppland. 486 % 1 % 868 7949 24 % 7174 22 % 677 6127 19 % 2 % 5326 17 % 4744 15 % 3881 13 % 11 % 2946 276 8 % 143 6 % 4 % R² =,9959 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 45 % 4 % 35 % 3 % 25 % 2 % 15 % 1 % 5 % % Oppland Sør-Trøndelag Buskerud Telemark Hedmark Oppland, andel nye Increase in number of units since 1997 (left hand y-axis) and % increase of stock in 1997 (right hand y-axis).