HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY ARTISTS

HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY ARTISTS Who have used the following themes in their work; TONE AND TEXTURE COMPOSITION EXPRESSIONISM COLOUR LINE AND MOVEMENT FORM AND SHAPE ATMOSPHERE AND LIGHT SPACE AND PERSPECTIVE DECORATION AND PATTERN TEXT IN ART

TONE AND TEXTURE Caravaggio 16 th C Italian Religious and allegorical paintings with an inner light. Rembrandt 17 th C Dutch Religious and allegorical paintings and etchings with and inner light. Religious paintings with dramatic lighting, highly expressive. El Greco 16 th C Greek/ Spanish Goya 18 th C Spanish Portraits and political commentary, the latter very expressive works. Courbet 19 th C French Landscape paintings, pre-impressionist. Manet 19 th C French Portrait and interior painting, pre-impressionist. Cezanne 19 th C French Landscape, still life and figure paintings. Van Gogh 19 th C Dutch Landscape and figures with enriched surfaces and colours. Gaudi 19 th / 20 th C Spanish Architect using a wide range of experimental materials and concepts. Leger 20 th C French Late cubism, primary colouring. Le Corbusier 20 th C French Architecture using planes and light effects. Oldenburg 20 th C Swedish/ USA Sculptor, contemporary objects, designed to surprise by scale and material. Pollock 20 th C American Action painter, disturbed surfaces rich in application. Auerbach 20 th C British Landscape and figures with enriched surfaces and colours. Kossoff 20 th C British Landscapes and figures with enriched surfaces. Ernst 20 th C German Surrealist works in collage and frottage. De Stael 20 th C Russian/ French Abstract and figure works, palette knife and broad brush application. De Buffet 20 th C French Semi-figurative works with heavy textured surfaces. De Kooning 20 th C American/ Dutch Abstract Expressionist painter, semi-figurative with heavy textured surfaces. Braque 20 th C French Still life works with additional materials/multiple perspectives (Cubist). Rothenstein 20 th C British Notable printmaker with experimental surfaces. Tàpies 20 th C Spanish Heavily textured canvases, focus on Spanish recent history. Cubism 20 th C French/ Spanish Painting, sculpture and collage of subjects reduced to mathematical order.

COMPOSITION Italian 14 th / Italian Mainly religious figure paintings. Renaissance 15 th C Da Vinci 15 th C Italian Religious figure paintings. Michaelangelo 15 th C Italian Religious figure paintings. Titian 16 th C Italian Religious and allegorical figure paintings. Tintoretto 16 th C Italian Allegorical figure paintings. Raphael 16 th C Italian Religious figurative paintings. Poussin 17 th C Italian Religious and allegorical figure painting. Vermeer 17 th C French Interiors with figures. Edgar Degas 19 th C French Dancers and interior paintings. De Stijl 20 th C Dutch Dutch School of Art and Design. Bauhaus 20 th C German German School (artists, architects, designers). Mondrain 20 th C Dutch Non-figurative colour balance. Wassily 20 th C Russian Non-figurative abstract works (still life and relief). Kandinsky Ben Nicholson 20 th C British Non-figurative abstract works (still life and relief). Stanley Spencer 20 th C British Figurative works, unusual viewpoints, mainly religious in nature. Edward Hopper 20 th C American Figure and cityscapes, sombre, reflective paintings. David Hockney 20 th C British Figurative and landscape work. George Braque 20 th C French Still life paintings (Cubism).

EXPRESSIONISM El Greco 16 th C Greek Freely painted tonal work with a religious content. *Franz Hals 17 th C Dutch Figure painter with fresh style of paint application. Van Gogh 19 th C Dutch Figure and landscape painter, with rhythm and movement. Matthew Smith 20 th C British Figure and still life painter, rich colour. Maurice Vlaminck 20 th C Dutch Religious and allegorical paintings and etchings with an inner light. Georges Rouault 20 th C French Figure painter, social, religious and political commentary. Chaim Soutine 20 th C Russian/ Figure and landscape painter with rich surfaces. French *Marc Chagall 20 th C French/ Figure and landscape painter, romantic visions. Russian Oscar Kokoschka 20 th C Austrian Figure and landscape painter. *Alberto 20 th C Italian Figurative sculpture, elongated figures and portraits Giacomettti *Salvador Dali 20 th C Spanish Surrealist painter, figures and landscapes. *Georges Grosz 20 th C German Political commentary. Francis Bacon 20 th C British Figurative paintings. De Kooning 20 th C American Figurative painting towards abstraction. Jackson Pollock 20 th C American Tachiste (Action) painter David Bomberg 20 th C British Landscape and figure paintings with rich surfaces. Leon Kossoff 20 th C British Landscape and figure paintings with rich surfaces. Frank Auerbach 20 th C British Landscape and figure painting with rich surfaces. Emile Nolde 20 th C German Figure and landscape painting with strong colouring. *Ludwig 20 th C German Figure painter. Kirschner Expressionism Tracing the history of the genre. German Expressionism c. 1910 to 1945, focusing on primitive influences. Fauvism French, c. 1905 to 1912, highly keyed colour works. DaDa/ Surrealism The use of symbolism as expressive form. American Expressionism Tracing the development from about 1940. School of Paris 20 th Century figurative and semi-abstract works around 1900-1940. * With these exceptions, artists invest their work with very rich application of paint.

COLOUR Michaelangelo 15 th / Italian Heroic figure paintings. 16 th C Giovani Bellini 15 th / Italian Simple and bold religious figure paintings. 16 th C Monet 19 th / French Garden and point paintings (Impressionism). 20 th C Van Gogh 19 th C Dutch Figure and landscape works. Rouault 20 th C French Religious and social paintings. Picasso 20 th C Spanish Synthetic cubist portraits, decorative elements. Matisse 20 th C French Figurative interiors and paper collage works. Kandinsky 20 th C Russian Abstract works, organic and geometric. Miro 20 th C Spanish Abstract and surrealist works. Leger 20 th C French Figurative and landscape paintings, synthetic cubism. Hodgkin 20 th C British Small abstract works, intense in composition. Matthew Smith 20 th C British Figure and still life works, rich paint. Robert Delauney 20 th C French Semi abstract landscapes. Franz Marc 20 th C German Animal and landscape paintings. Pierre Bonnard 20 th C French Interior and garden paintings, use of light. Vasarely 20 th C French Abstract optical works. Riley 20 th C British Abstract optical works. Rothko 20 th C American Colour fields (abstract) paintings. Stuart Davis 20 th C American Colour fields and words. Frank Stella 20 th C American Geometric and expressive paintings and relief works. Lichtenstein 20 th C American Pop art comic book imagery, large scale works. James Rosenquist 20 th C American Pop art commercial advertising images, huge scale works. Clarice Cliff 20 th C British Ceramic artist, Bizarre series Pop Art 20 th Century American and British artists using pop (popular media) imagery. Fauvism 20 th Century French painting with exaggerated colour palette. Expressionism Different approaches to colour works from France, Germany and America in the 20 th Century. Stained Glass Historical and Contemporary works depending upon pure colour and light. Blue Rider German Movement (1910-1912), concentrating on colour symbolism.

LINE AND MOVEMENT Pollock 20 th C American Tachiste (action) painter, abstract. Riley 20 th C British Op art painter, non-figurative. Giacommeti 20 th C Italian Sculpture, linear figure works. Picasso 20 th C Spanish Sculptures, paintings and drawings. Matisse 20 th C French Painter, draughtsman, collage. Gabo 20 th C Russian Sculpture, figurative and abstract. Calder 20 th C American Kinetic (mobile) sculpture. Kandinsky 20 th C Russian Painter, abstract works, both free and geometric compositions. Malevich 20 th C Russian Abstract works with minimal lines. Boccioni 20 th C Italian Painter and sculptor, figurative. Hokusai 20 th C Japanese Stylised representational works. Sienese Art 14 th Century Italian artists working in that religious (Duccio, Martini, etc.) Futurism Italian and Russian 20 th Century schools using linear forms. Op Art 20 th Century works which posed visual, optical puzzles. Kinetic Art Describing movement through wind water and electricity.

FORM AND SHAPE Donatello 15 th C Italian Figurative sculptures, heroic subjects. Brancusi 19 th C Italian Smooth, stylised figurative sculptures. Maillol 19 th C French Figure sculpture, quiet, lyrical works. Ingres 19 th C French Classical figure painter Cezanne 19 th C French Landscape, still life and figure painters. Gaudi 19 th / Spanish Architect with experimental surfaces and shapes. 20 th C Rodin 19 th / French Robust figurative works. 20 th C Oldenburg 20 th C Swedish/ Large scale soft sculpture of everyday objects. American David Smith 20 th C American Welded scrap metal abstract works. Eduardo Chillida 20 th C Spanish Abstract works in the landscape. Moore 20 th C British Figure and abstract works in the landscape. George Segal 20 th C American Cast figures in active poses placed in particular settings. Goldsworthy 20 th C British Works using only natural materials within a landscape framework. Frank Stella 20 th C American Geometric and organic paintings and structure. Picasso 20 th C Spanish Sculptures and paintings figurative. Lucien Freud 20 th C British Ordinary figures, largely in interior settings. Vasarely 20 th C French Shape and colour to achieve optical effects. Alison Britton 20 th C British Ceramic Containers Bernard Leach 20 th C British Ceramic Containers Lucie Rie 20 th C British Ceramic Containers Hamada 20 th C Japanese Ceramic Containers Cubism Bauhaus 20 th Century French/Spanish movements, concerned with spatial planes and facets. German School of Design, Art and Architecture.

ATMOSPHERE AND LIGHT Caravaggio 16 th / Italian Figurative works with an inner light. 17 th C Rembrandt 17 th C Dutch Figurative works with an inner light, paintings and etchings. Camille Carot 19 th C French Gentle landscapes, subdued colouring. Degas 19 th C French Night life painting and pastels the theatre. Courbet 19 th C French Landscapes with rich depths of colour. JMW Turner 19 th C British Expressively painted landscapes, highly coloured. Monet 19 th / French Landscape impressions, time, space and light. 20 th C Paul Nash 20 th C British Surreal landscapes in a subdued palette. David Bomberg 20 th C British Paintings of Spanish landscapes, with different climatic conditions. Delauney 20 th C British Figure and still life works, rich paint. Emile Nolde 20 th C German Figure and landscape painting with strong colouring.

SPACE AND PERSPECTIVE Giotto 13 th / Italian Religious Frescoes 14 th C Rogier Van der 15 th C Italian Religious subjects in landscapes. Weyden Andrea Mantegna 15 th C Italian Religious subjects in landscapes. Piero della 15 th C Italian Religious subjects in landscapes. Francesca Pieter de Hooch 17 th C Dutch Interiors, yards and buildings. David Hockney 20 th C British Interiors and American pools. David Bomberg 20 th C British Dramatic landscapes of Spain. Anthony Green 20 th C British Distortions of space on figurative works, interior and landscape settings. Stanley Spencer 20 th C British Contemporary religious works in landscapes. Patrick Caulfield 20 th C British Contemporary interiors, use of descriptive lines.

DECORATION AND PATTERN Gaudi 19 th C Spanish Architecture with imposed embellishments Matisse 20 th C French Figurative interiors, fabrics, paper collages. Bonnard 20 th C French Figurative interiors and gardens. Vuillard 20 th C French Figurative interiors Klimt 20 th C Austrian Patterned figure works Picasso 20 th C Spanish Colour and form juxtaposed, late synthetic cubism. Klee 20 th C Swiss Flat pattern in subdued palette with recognisable African, Oceanic and Oriental Arts Book of Kells Islamic Arts Turkish Carpets Polynesian Arts Aboriginal Paintings North American Indian Indian Painting Egyptian Wall Paintings New Guinea Arts Chinese Arts Japanese Arts African Arts content. Paintings, sculptures, masks, totems, carpets, body adornment Illuminated letter forms. Border decoration and motifs. Colours and motifs Printed and dyed textiles. Use of lines and dots, story telling Totems and beadwork Decorative figures, storytelling Decorative figures, story telling. Textiles, masks, head dresses, multi-media Calligraphy and masks. Kites, textiles and banners. Sculptures and masks in a range of materials.

TEXT IN ART Kurt Jackson 21 st C British Landscapes with descriptive text Richard Long 20 th C British Environmental Artist, recording specific routes in photographs, text and mapping. Tracy Emin 21st C British Expressive/explicit use of text and textiles Larry Rivers 20 th C American Labelling specific body parts Anselm Kiefer 20 th C German Heavy use of texture, myth and legend. Barbara Kruger 20 th C American Bold juxtapositions of text and image. Shirin Neshat 21 st C Iranian Mixing symbolism, photography and Arabic.