FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT AT SURVEY NOS. 115, 116 & 117 UTTARAHALLI VILLAGE, UTTARAHALLI HOBLI, BENGALURU SOUTH TALUK, BENGALURU. PROMOTER: M/S. PRESTIGE ESTATES PROJECTS LTD. BENGALURU PREPARED BY: A & N TECHNOLOGIES # 855, 3 RD FLOOR, 6 TH MAIN, J P NAGAR 2 ND PHASE, KSRTC LAYOUT, BENGALURU - 78. PH: (080) 64500227, 41209283 ~~~~~*****~~~~~
TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER -1: INTRODUCTION Sl. No. Contents Page No. 1.1 Preamble C1-1 1.1.1 Purpose And Need of The Project C1-1 1.2 Identification of The Project C1-3 1.2.1 Identification of The Project C1-3 1.2.2 Profile of The Promoters C1-3 1.3 Brief Description of The Project C1-5 1.3.1 Project Settings C1-5 1.3.2 Climate C1-6 1.4 Nature and Size of The Project C1-8 1.5 Importance to The Country AIR ENVIRONMENT and The Region 10 C1-8 1.6 Scope of Environmental Impact Assessment C1-9 1.7 Applicable Environmental Regulations C1-9 LIST OF FIGURES Sl. No. Contents Page No. Fig 1.1 Location of the Proposed Project Site C1-7 CHAPTER -2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION Sl. No. Contents Page No. 2.1. Background Details Of The Project C2-1 2.1.1 Type Of The Project C2-1 2.1.2 Need For The Project C2-1 2.1.3 Location Of The Project C2-2 2.1.4 Important Features Of The Project C2-9 2.2 Proposed Facilities C2-10 2.3 Resource Requirements C2-12 2.3.1 Construction Phase C2-12 2.3.1.1 Construction Equipments C2-12 2.3.1.2 Raw Materials C2-14 2.3.1.3 Water Requirements During Construction Phase C2-14 2.3.1.4 Solid Waste Generation During Construction Phase C2-15 Page 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS 2.3.1.5 Energy Requirements During Construction Phase C2-15 2.3.2. Operation Phase C2-16 2.3.2.1 Water Requirement C2-16 2.3.2.2 Sewage Treatment Plant C2-18 2.3.2.3 Solid Waste Generation C2-20 2.3.2.4 Energy Requirements C2-21 2.3.2.5 Fire Hydrant System C2-23 2.3.2.6 Traffic Impact Study and its Management report C2-23 LIST OF TABLES Sl. No. Contents Page No. Table 2.1 Environmental Setting of the Site C2-3 Table 2.2 Project Planning Details C2-10 Table 2.3 Block Wise Distribution C2-10 Table 2.4 Details of Land use within the site C2-11 Table 2.5 Area statement C2-11 Table 2.6 Parking Details C2-11 Table 2.7 Cost Breakup of the project C2-12 Table 2.8 Machinery Requirements During Construction C2-12 Table 2.9 Man Power Requirements During Construction C2-13 Table 2.10 List of Raw Materials To Be Used For Construction C2-14 Table 2.11 Water Requirement For Construction Purpose C2-15 Table 2.12 Emission Load From Construction Equipments during C2-16 construction phase Using HSD Table 2.13 Water Requirement Break Up C2-16 Table 2.14 Raw Sewage Characteristics C2-18 Table 2.15 Sewage Characteristics After Treatment C2-18 Table 2.16 Solid Waste Generation C2-20 Table 2.17 Details Of Power Requirement & Backup Details C2-21 Table 2.18 Properties Of HSD C2-21 Table 2.19 Energy Savings Details C2-23 Page 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES Sl. No. Contents Page No. Fig 2.1 Location of the Proposed Project Site C2-4 Fig 2.2 Topo Map Covering 5 km Radius C2-5 Fig 2.3 Aerial View Covering 500m Radius C2-6 Fig 2.4 Site Elevation Map C2-7 Fig 2.5 Site Plan C2-8 Fig 2.6 Water Balance Chart C2-17 Fig 2.7 Flow Sheet of Sewage Treatment Plant C2-19 CHAPTER - 3: DISCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT Sl. No. Contents Page No. 3.1 Land Environment C3-1 3.1.1 Land Use Pattern C3-1 3.1.2 Geological Setting C3-4 3.1.3 Soil Strata C3-6 3.2 Air Environment C3-8 3.2.1 Local Meteorology C3-8 3.2.2 Climatology And Meteorology C3-8 3.2.3 Ambient Air Quality Status C3-16 3.3 Noise Environment C3-20 3.3.1 Noise Level Survey C3-20 3.3.2 Noise Level Monitoring C3-20 3.4 Water Environment C3-23 3.4.1 Ground Water Table C3-23 3.4.2 Surface Water C3-24 3.4.3 Water Quality C3-24 3.5 Biological Environment C3-27 3.5.1 Introduction C3-27 3.5.2 Objectives And Methodology C3-27 3.5.3 Baseline Ecological Data: Flora in And Around The C3-27 Study Site 3.5.4 Baseline Ecological Data: Faunal Details C3-29 3.6 Socio-Economic Environment C3-30 3.6.1 Demography And Societal Status C3-31 Page 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.6.2 Places of Tourist Interest C3-35 3.7 Solid Waste C3-35 3.8 Hazardous Waste C3-36 LIST OF TABLES Sl. No. Contents Page No. 3.1 Soil Characteristics at the Project Site C3-7 3.2 Meteorological Parameters Observed At Bengaluru City C3-14 During September 2015 3.3 Meteorological Parameters Observed At Bengaluru City C3-15 During October 2015 3.4 Air Analysis Method C3-16 3.5 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations C3-17 3.6 Ambient Air Quality Parameters C3-19 3.7 Noise Quality Monitoring Locations C3-20 3.8 Measured Ambient Noise Levels db(a) C3-22 3.9 Water Sampling Locations C3-24 3.10 Baseline Ground Water Quality In The Sampling C3-26 Locations 3.11 List of some floral species likely to be sighted in the C3-29 region 3.12 List of Some Avifauna Likely To Be Sighted In The Region C3-30 3.13 Demographical Pattern C3-32 LIST OF FIGURES Sl. No. Contents Page No. 3.1 Revised Master Plan-2015 C3-3 3.2 General Land use And Cropping Pattern Of Bengaluru C3-3 District 3.3 Geological Settings Of Bangalore District C3-6 3.4 Temperature And Rainfall Pattern C3-10 3.5 Wind rose Diagram C3-13 3.6 Air Monitoring Locations C3-18 3.7 Noise Monitoring Locations C3-21 3.8 Irrigation & Hydrology C3-24 Page 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.9 Water Sampling Locations C3-25 3.10 Comparative Size Of Population Of Districts 2011 C3-32 CHAPTER -4: ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Sl. No. Contents Page No. 4.1 Introduction C4-1 4.2 Impact Identification Matrix C4-2 4.3 Anticipated Impact During Construction Phase C4-5 4.3.1 Impact On Land Environment C4-5 4.3.1.1 Soil Substrata C4-5 4.3.1.2 Land use C4-5 4.3.1.3 Natural Drainage System C4-5 4.3.2 Impact on Air Environment C4-6 4.3.3 Impact On Noise Environment C4-7 4.3.4 Impact On Water Environment C4-7 4.3.5 Impact On Ecology C4-8 4.3.6 Socio-Economic Environment C4-8 4.3.7 Solid Waste & Environment C4-9 4.3.7.1 Construction Wastes C4-9 4.4 Impact Mitigation Measures During Construction C4-10 Phase 4.5 Anticipated Impacts During Operation Phase C4-12 4.5.1 Land Environment C4-12 4.5.1.1. Impacts on Land Use Pattern C4-12 4.5.1.2. Impacts on Soil C4-12 4.5.1.3. Impacts on Natural Drainage Pattern C4-13 4.5.2 Air Environment C4-13 4.5.3 Water Environment C4-14 4.5.4 Noise Environment C4-14 4.5.4.1 Impact On Noise Levels C4-14 4.5.4.2 Sources Of Noise C4-14 4.5.5 Impacts On Ecology C4-15 4.5.6 Impacts On Socio-Economic Aspects C4-15 4.5.7 Impacts of Solid Waste and Environment C4-15 Page 5
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.5.8 Impacts On Natural Hazards C4-16 4.6 Mitigation Measures During Operation Phase C4-16 4.6.1 Land Environment C4-16 4.6.2 Air Environment C4-16 4.6.3 Water Environment C4-17 4.6.4 Noise Environment C4-17 4.6.5 Solid Waste Management C4-18 4.6.6 Other Cumulative Mitigation Measures C4-18 4.6.6.1 Greenbelt Development C4-19 4.6.6.2 Strom Water Management C4-21 LIST OF TABLES Sl. No. Contents Page No. 4.1 Impact identification matrix C4-2 4.2 Environmental impacts due to construction activities C4-3 4.3 Environmental impacts during operation phase C4-4 4.4 DG set detail and emission parameters of the air C4-13 pollution sources 4.5 Quality of treated sewage for urban reuse C4-17 4.6 List of species with numbers for the proposed project C4-20 4.10 List of proposed shrubs & ground cover C4-20 CHAPTER -5: SPECIFIC STUDIES Sl. No. Contents Page No. 5.1 General C5-1 5.2 Need of Alternatives C5-1 5.3 Alternative Technology C5-1 5.3.1 Transport C5-1 5.3.2 Building Materials and Technologies C5-1 5.3.3 Energy conservation C5-3 5.4 Alternative Site C5-4 Page 6
TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES Sl. No. Contents Page No. 5.1 Energy Savings Details C5-4 5.2 Thermal Characteristics Of Building C5-4 CHAPTER -6: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM Sl. No. Contents Page No. 6.1 Introduction C6-1 6.2 Monitoring And Reporting Procedure C6-2 6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality C6-2 6.2.2 Ambient Noise Quality C6-3 6.2.3 Water and Wastewater Quality C6-3 6.2.4 Greenbelt Development C6-4 6.3 Infrastructure for environmental protection C6-4 6.4 Cost provision for environment management C6-6 LIST OF TABLES Sl. No. Contents Page No. 6.1 Quality Of Treated Sewage For Urban Reuse C6-4 6.2 List of equipments used and test Method C6-5 6.3 Post Monitoring Schedule for Environmental C6-5 Parameters 6.4 Cost Towards Environmental Protection Measures C6-6 CHAPTER -7: ADDITIONAL STUDIES Sl. No. Contents Page No. 7.1 Risk Assessment and Management Plan C7-1 7.2 Disaster Management Plan (DMP) C7-5 7.3 Natural Resource Conservation C7-6 7.4 Public Consultation C7-7 7.5 Resettlement & Rehabitation (R&R) Action Plan C7-8 Page 7
TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER -8: PROJECT BENEFITS Sl. No. Contents Page No. 8.1 General C8-1 8.2 Improvement In The Physical Infrastructure C8-1 8.3 Improvement In The Social Infrastructure C8-4 8.4 Employment Potential C8-5 8.5 Other Tangible Benefits C8-6 CHAPTER -9: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORIMG PROGRAM Sl. No. Contents Page No. 9.1 Introduction C9-1 9.2 EMP During Construction Phase C9-2 9.2.1 Objectives C9-2 9.2.2 Environmental Awareness Training Prior To C9-2 Commencing Work 9.2.3 Demarcation of The Site C9-3 9.2.4 Levelling And Site Clearance C9-3 9.2.5 Transportation of Construction Materials C9-4 9.2.6 Construction Activities C9-5 9.2.7 Noise Pollution And Control C9-6 9.2.8 Dust Pollution And Control C9-7 9.2.9 Soil Erosion And Sedimentation And Its Control C9-7 9.2.10 Materials Handling And Storage C9-8 9.2.11 Waste Management C9-9 9.2.11.1 Wastewater From Construction Activities C9-8 9.2.11.2 Wastewater From Construction Labourers C9-9 9.2.11.3 Solid Waste Management C9-9 9.2.11.4 Disposal Of Excavated Earth And Demolished C9-10 Material 9.2.12 Fire Protection C9-10 9.2.13 Personnel Safety System C9-10 9.2.14 Emergency Procedures C9-11 9.3 EMP During Operation Phase C9-12 9.3.1 Air Quality Management C9-12 9.3.2 Water Quality Management C9-13 Page 8
TABLE OF CONTENTS 9.3.3 Noise Quality Management C9-14 9.3.4 Solid Waste Management C9-15 9.3.5 Storm Water Management C9-16 9.3.6 Transport Management C9-16 9.3.7 Greenbelt Development C9-16 9.3.8 Health Risk and Disaster Management C9-17 9.4 EMP Implementation Schedule C9-18 9.5 Environmental Monitoring Routines C9-19 9.6 Environmental Legislations C9-20 9.7 Environment Protection Act And Rules C9-20 9.8 Environmental Statement C9-23 LIST OF TABLES Sl. No. Contents Page No. 9.1 Environmental Management During Levelling And Site C9-4 Clearance 9.2 Environmental Management During Transportation C9-5 9.3 Environmental Management During Construction C9-6 9.4 Budgetary Allocation For EMP During Construction C9-12 9.5 Air Quality Management During Operation Phase C9-13 9.6 Water Quality Management During Operation Phase C9-14 9.7 Noise Management During Operation Phase C9-14 9.8 Implementation Schedule For EMP C9-18 9.9 Post Monitoring Schedule For Environmental C9-19 Parameters 9.10 Particulars of Environmental Legislations C9-20 9.11 Notification Under Environmental Protection Act And C9-20 Rules 9.12 Colour Code For the Manifest Copies C9-22 9.13 Budgetary Allocation For EMP During Operation C9-24 Page 9
TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER -10: SUMMARY & CONCLUSION Sl. No. Contents Page No. 10.1 Executive Summary C10-1 10.1.1 Introduction C10-1 10.1.2 Project Description C10-1 10.1.3 Description of The Environment C10-1 10.1.4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation C10-2 Measures 10.1.5 Specific Studies C10-2 10.1.6 Environmental Monitoring Program C10-3 10.1.7 Additional Studies C10-2 10.1.8 Project Benefits C10-3 10.1.9 Environmental Management Plan C10-3 10.2 Conclusion On Executive Summary C10-3 CHAPTER -11: DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED Sl. No. Contents Page No. 11. Disclosure of Consultants Engaged C11-1 CHAPTER -12: CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY Sl. No. Contents Page No. 12. Corporate Environmental Responsibility C12-1 CHAPTER -13: ENCLOSURES Sl. No. Contents Page No. 13.1 Conceptual Plan C13-1 13.2 Questionnaire C13-2 13.3 Photos C13-7 13.4 Additional TORs C13-8 Page 10
TABLE OF CONTENTS ANNEXURES Sl. No. Contents Page No. ANNEXURE I National Ambient Air Quality Standards 1 (NAAQS) ANNEXURE II Indian Drinking Water Standards 3 (BIS: 10500:1991) ANNEXURE III Ambient Noise Standards 5 ANNEXURE IV Recommended Per Capita Water Supply For 7 Designing Schemes ANNEXURE V Hydraulic Loading Applicable for Different 7 Soils ANNEXURE VI Hydraulic Conductivities of Soil 8 ANNEXURE VII Criteria for Raw Water Used for Organized 10 Community Water Supplies (Surface and Ground Water) Primary Parameters ANNEXURE VIII Use Based Classification of Surface Waters in 12 India ANNEXURE IX Water Requirements for Different Types of 13 Buildings ANNEXURE X KSPCB urban reuse standards for discharge of domestic effluents 13 Page 11
PROJECT AT A GLANCE PROJECT AT A GLANCE 1. Project Type Development of Residential Apartment 2. Name & Contact Address of the Project Proponents M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd. The Falcon House, No.1, Main Guard Cross Road, Bengaluru-560 001. 3. Objective of the Project To provide a luxurious Residential apartment with modern amenities for comfortable living 4. Project Description Proposed Project is a development of Residential Apartment with a total built up area of 2, 02,155.21 m 2 comprising 1,119 Nos. of units and a Club House in 6 blocks comprising of 12 towers with a club house. Towers 1, 2, 11 & 12 are sprawled across B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 3, 5, 6, & 7 are sprawled across 2B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 4, 8, 9 & 10 are sprawled across 2B+G+18 Upper Floors with a height of 58.95m and the Club House is sprawled across G+2 Upper Floors with a height of 15m. 5. Project Location Development of Residential Apartment At Sy. Nos. 115, 116 & 117, Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru. Latitude 12ᵒ53 44.86 N Longitude 77ᵒ32 25.50 E 6. Estimated Duration of the Project Approx. 5 years 7. Estimated Cost of the Project Rs. 228.5 Crores 8. Total Site Area 64,445.9 Sqmt (15 Acres 37 Guntas) 9. Total Built-up area 2,02,155.21 Sqmt 10. Total Plinth Area 9,132.10 Sqmt (14.92 %) 11. Total Landscaping Area 47,607.99 Sqmt (77.76%) 12. Height of the Building 58.95 m Resource Requirements: Construction Phase 13. Total Manpower Required 250 Nos. 1
PROJECT AT A GLANCE 14. Power Requirement 100 kva DG set, 1 No. 15. Water requirement for Construction activities 16. Domestic water requirement during Construction 55 KLD 7.5 KLD 17. Source of water for construction External authorised tanker water suppliers. Resource Requirements: Operation Phase 18. Total Number of Residents 5,303 Numbers 19. Total Power requirements during operation phase 20. DG Sets for Power back up during operation phase DG Sets Fuel requirements 21. Total water requirement during operation phase Electricity: 6,633 kva form BESCOM Transformers: 500 kva - 13 Nos. & 250 kva - 3 Nos. 750 kva X 12 Nos. 1,885 l/hr 790 KLD 22. Net Fresh water requirement after 525 KLD recycling treated sewage for flushing Environmental Setting 23. Baseline Study Area Area covering 10 km radius around the project site with project site as centre. 24. Baseline Study Period 3 months, October 2015, November 2015 & December 2015 25. Soil Type in the study area Sandy Silt 26. Water Quality Five ground water & One Surface water sample analysis results are tabulated in EIA report. 27. Ambient Air Quality In five stations including project site, ambient air quality analysis were carried out as per revised NAAQ standards 2009. Results are tabulated in EIA report. 28. Baseline Noise Levels Five noise sampling locations including project site were selected and analysis was carried out. Tabulated results are available in EIA report. 29. Nearest Highway SH-17 is at a distance of 7.5 km from the project site towards West direction. (Bengaluru Mysuru) 2
PROJECT AT A GLANCE 30. Nearest Railway station Nayandanahalli Railway Station, which is around 10.4 km from the project site. Bengaluru City Railway Station, which is around 13.7 km from the project site. 31. Nearest Airport Kempegowda International Airport is around 50.9 km from project site. 32. Nearest Lakes Subramanya Kere, 105 m from the project site 33. Nearest Town/City City - Bengaluru 34. Nearest Villages Gubbalala village (1.0 km towards SE) Lingadheeranahalli village (1.4 km towards S) 35. Seismic Zone Seismic Zone - II 36. Archaeologically important Places None within 10 km radius 37. Protected areas as per Wildlife None within 10 km radius Protection Act, 1972 38. Reserved/ protected Forests Turahalli Forest is at a distance of 1km from the project site. 39. Defence Installations None within 10 km radius 40. Designated Land use of the Project site Residential Main Zone as per the Revised Master Plan of BDA-2015. Environmental Management Plan: Construction Phase 41. Soil Erosion Contained by well-designed landscaping and greenbelt. 42. Noise Pollution from Construction equipments Acoustic measures for noisy equipments, most optimum number of operation by heavy equipments and limited construction activities during day time. 43. Quantity of Domestic sewage 6.0 KLD during construction 44. Mode of treatment and disposal of domestic sewage (construction) Generated sewage will be collected in collection tank and will be lifted to BWSSB Sewage Treatment Plant for further treatment. 45. Air emissions from construction equipments Optimal usage of equipments and use of high quality fuel like HSD. 46. Air Emissions and traffic volume Vehicles carrying construction materials will be well due to raw materials covered to avoid any spillage. transportation Raw material transportation vehicles will be 3
PROJECT AT A GLANCE maintained in good condition. Traffic of 15 trucks/ day would be made to ply during less traffic hours. Planning of optimal routes for the vehicles. 47. Labour Management Skilled labourers will be sourced locally. Environmental Management Plan : Operational Phase 48. Quantity of Sewage generated 711 KLD 49. Mode of treatment for Sewage This sewage is treated in a sewage treatment plant of capacity 785 KLD to meet the quality of urban reuse standards. 50. Quantity of treated sewage and mode of disposal Quantity of treated sewage: 785 KLD Out of this, 265 KLD will be used for flushing, 207 KLD will be used for landscaping, and excess 313 KLD will be discharged to UGD. 51. Air & Noise pollution containment DG sets meeting the emission norms prescribed by KSPCB will be used. Adequate stack height will be provided. Acoustic enclosures will be installed in order to attenuate the noise level. DG set will be installed in an area (utility section) where the access will be restricted. 52. Domestic Solid Wastes Total Quantity: 2,390 kg/day Organic wastes: 1,195 kg/day Inorganic wastes: 1,195 kg/day The generated solid waste will be segregated as biodegradable (organic) and non-biodegradable (inorganic) in each block and the organic wastes will be processed in an Organic Waste Converter and the inorganic wastes will be handed over to the authorized vendors for further processing. Hazardous wastes like waste oil from DG sets, used batteries, CDs, computer etc. will be handed over to authorized hazardous waste recyclers. 4
PROJECT AT A GLANCE E-Wastes will be picked by authorized E-Waste recyclers. 53. Sludge from STP 107 kg/day, which will be used as manure for gardening purposes. 54. Hazardous wastes 4.4 l/ running hr of DG Waste oil from DG sets will be given to KSPCB designated waste oil recyclers. 55. Optimal utilization of natural Terrace runoff will be routed to roof rain water collection resources and non-conventional sump of capacity 165 cum and will be reused after pretreatment. energy sources Surface runoff will be routed to 160 Nos. of recharge pits through internal garland drains to recharge the ground water and excess will be discharged to the existing storm water drain. Energy conservation devices such as Solar geyser, street lights, LED light fixtures, High Frequency ballast, low loss transformers are proposed in the project. 56. Greenbelt development Native species are proposed for the greenbelt development. 5
CONCEPTUAL PLAN CONCEPTUAL PLAN M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd., Bengaluru have proposed for the development of a residential apartment at Survey Nos. 115, 116 & 117, Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru on a plot area of 64,445.9 Sqmt. The total built up area is 2, 02,155.21 Sqmt. The Proposed Project comprising 1,119 Nos. of units and a Club House in 6 blocks comprising of 12 towers and a club house. Towers 1, 2, 11 & 12 are sprawled across B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 3, 5, 6, & 7 are sprawled across 2B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 4, 8, 9 & 10 are sprawled across 2B+G+18 Upper Floors with a height of 58.95m and the Club House is sprawled across G+2 Upper Floors with a height of 15m. Ground coverage area achieved is 9,132.10 Sqmt i.e. 14.92% out of 55%, Landscape area is 47,607.99 Sqmt (77.76%), Drive way/ Ramp area is 1,871.22 Sqmt (3.06%) and area reserved for Service Areas is 2,612.30 Sqmt (4.26%). The Achieved FAR is 2.2496 out of 2.25. Total parking space proposed is for 1,549 Nos. of cars. Total water consumption is 790 KLD (Fresh water + recycling water). The total wastewater discharge is 711KLD. It is proposed to construct a Sewage Treatment Plant with capacity of 785 KLD (Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) Technology). It is proposed to construct a Roof Rain Water Harvesting Sump with a capacity of 165 cum and 160 nos. of Recharge pits. The Energy requirement for the project is 6,633 kva. Diesel Generators of 750 kva x 12 Nos. will be provided. The project cost is Rs. 228.50 Crores. 1
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 PREAMBLE Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development have been the cornerstones of the policies and procedures governing the industrial and other developmental activities in India. Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change has taken several policy initiatives and enacted environmental and pollution control legislations to prevent indiscriminate exploitation of natural resources and has promoted integration of environmental concerns in developmental projects. One such initiative is the Environmental Impact Notification S.O. 1533 (E), dated on 14 th September 2006, as amended 2009, issued under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, and has made it mandatory to obtain Environmental Clearance for specified categories of developmental projects. EIA is an important tool for incorporating environmental concerns at the project level. It is a planning tool which is generally accepted as an integral component of sound decision-making. Its overall purpose is to establish a coherent policy and provide a basis for the co-ordinated work of various Government agencies with operational responsibility for the Environment & Natural resources. The objective of EIA is to foresee and address potential environmental problems/concerns at an early stage of project planning and design, early identification and characterization of critical environmental impacts allow the public and the Government to form a view about the environmental acceptability of a proposed developmental project and what conditions should apply to mitigate or reduce those risks and impacts. 1.1.1 PURPOSE AND NEED OF THE PROJECT In the fast developing world these days the population is also increasing rapidly, so that the small towns and cities are changing into metropolitan cities. There is scarcity of land in the cities hence the real estate business is growing and expanding very fast. Bengaluru is a major city of India and a great place to live. As Bengaluru is teeming with cash-rich young professionals with a considerable amount of disposable incomes; the retail sector has smelt a great opportunity and has increased the demand for residential property even more. Keeping in mind this rise in demand, property builders are making various types of accommodations including Apartments, Villas and Townships to cater to the needs of these clients. With unparalleled increment of the IT sector in Karnataka capital, the demand has increased for both type of commercial and residential real estate leading in to existence of Bengaluru real estate, in the destination of the city and its nearby area. As a result, property C1 Page 1
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION builders in Bengaluru are growing towards boom for achieving success in the field of Bengaluru property market. They are making themselves reserve, building new, ever green and modern residential construction. As far as residential properties in Bengaluru, present and future demand seems to have driven from IT professionals. However, this is also one of the leading reasons for the revival of demand for quality accommodation. Bengaluru is one of the fast growing cities in Asia and one of the most sought after cities in India by people, companies, multinationals and tourists. The population of Bengaluru has grown enormously on account of migration of people from all corners of India. The one that needs to be tackled immediately is housing. In view of this, M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd. has come forward to provide residential market, which is witnessing several premium residential apartment projects. A variety of projects are being launched by the developers offering amenities for luxurious and comfortable living. In response to the growing demands of residential properties with all features and amenities, M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd is coming up with a development of Residential Apartment at Sy. Nos. 115, 116 & 117 of Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru with a total built up area of 2, 02,155.21 m 2. As per the schedule of EIA Notification - 2006; the proposed project comes under item 8(b) and apprised as B1 (since BUA 1, 50,000 SQMT ++). Therefore, In order to assess the potential environmental impacts arising due to the proposed residential apartment project, M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd. has appointed M/s. to undertake Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study which covers a wide range of technical disciplines and incorporates baseline data for various environmental components, viz. air, water, noise, land, water quality & hydrology, ecology & biological parameters along with the parameters of human interest for the Environmental Impacts Assessment and to prepare Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for mitigating the adverse impacts along with improvement and alternatives including delineation of Post Project Environmental Monitoring programme. The report presents baseline data collected for the month of October 2015 to December 2015 for air, water, noise, soil including biological and socio-economic components of environment for an area covering 10km radius with project site as centre. C1 Page 2
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT 1.2.1 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT In an effort to fulfil the increasing demand of dwelling units, the promoter - Prestige Group came into being with the sole aim of providing quality residential units, for the people of different strata. One of such projects, envisioned by M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd. is being proposed to develop a residential apartment at Sy. Nos. 115, 116 & 117 of Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru. The total extent of land is 64,445.9 Sqmt. The total built up area amounts to 2, 02,155.21 Sqmt, comprising 1,119 Nos. of units and a Club House in 6 blocks comprising of 12 towers and a club house. Towers 1, 2, 11 & 12 are sprawled across B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 3, 5, 6, & 7 are sprawled across 2B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 4, 8, 9 & 10 are sprawled across 2B+G+18 Upper Floors with a height of 58.95m and the Club House is sprawled across G+2 Upper Floors with a height of 15m with sufficient area earmarked for landscape, roads and service areas etc. 1.2.2 PROFILE OF THE PROMOTERS The Prestige Group - Add Prestige to your life... Beginning with a retail business and growing to become one of the most trusted names in real estate, The Prestige Group has come a long way. It was one man's dream, his grit and foresight that laid the firm foundations of Prestige, way back in 1956. Mr. Razack Sattar - the visionary who glimpsed what others would comprehend many years later - and the founder of what is today the Prestige Group of Companies. The grand old man of retailing, endowed with unmatched business acumen, sowed the seeds of high quality retailing in Bengaluru with Prestige on Commercial Street. Having started with custom tailoring and retailing ready-to-wear garments, today the company scores skylines with innumerable constructions. The repertoire of completed developments of the Prestige Group spans the residential, commercial and hospitality space. A success story truly made possible by the founder's progeny - Irfan, Rezwan, Noaman and Anjum who have been groomed into great leaders and continue to uphold the Prestige vision. Over the last two decade, The Prestige Group has firmly established itself as one of the leading and most successful developers of real estate in South India by imprinting its indelible mark across all asset classes. Having completed 184 Projects spanning a total developed area of over 60.74 million Sq.ft, It also has another 57 ongoing projects comprising around 59.24 million Sq.ft & 43 upcoming C1 Page 3
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION projects totalling 44.11 million Sq.ft., which include Apartment Enclaves, Shopping Malls and Corporate Structures, spread across all asset classes. Prestige Constructions, an ISO 9001:2000 certified company is the only Real Estate Developer in Bengaluru to have won the reputed FIABCI Award for its software and residential facilities. Prestige was also recently awarded the Crisil DA1 Developer Rating in recognition of the quality of their projects and the ability to deliver completed projects in a timely manner, making it a trusted name in the construction industry. The FIABCI Prix d' Excellence Award & 15 Awards across various categories at the recently concluded International Property Awards, Asia Pacific 2012-13, only serve as testimony to Prestige's work, making them a trusted name in the Real Estate sector. Vision To continuously exceed the expectations of customers and employees and become a benchmark for quality in every field the Prestige Group ventures into. Mission To improve customer experiences through constant innovation and understanding, with a focus on quality and transparency of processes so that when it comes to prestige, customers come to expect nothing but the best. Goals & Objectives Providing a broad spectrum of integrated solutions. Meeting and exceeding customer needs and expectations. Adopting the latest technologies to deliver state-of- the-art developments with great care and detailing. Ensuring conservation and development of eco-friendly projects. Making continuous improvement in all areas of activity based on customer inputs in order to improve customer satisfaction. Contributing to the welfare of society. C1 Page 4
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 1.3.1 PROJECT SETTINGS Bengaluru district is the smallest district of Karnataka state with a total geographical area of 2,208 sq. km. But population wise, it stands first with 1, 06,12,474 souls as per the census of 2011 with a density of 4,381 people per sq. km. with 15.75% share to the total population of the state. Bengaluru is known as the "Silicon Valley of India" and IT hub of Asia because of its role as the nation's leading information technology (IT) exporter. Being the headquarters of the state, the city is the chief administrative center clustered with numerous state and divisional level government departments and offices associated with the legislative, executive and judicial winds of administration. Bengaluru's INR 523 billion economy (2006-07 Net District Income) with an economic growth rate of 10.3% makes it one of the major economic centres in India. Bengaluru is the second fastest growing major metropolis in India after New Delhi. The growth of the IT sector has presented the city with unique challenges. The district lies stretched between the latitudinal parallels of 12 deg 31 min N and 12 deg 54 min N on one hand and the longitudinal meridians of 77 deg 22 min E and 77 deg 52 min E on the other. The maximum distance from the southern tip to the northern tip is about 60 km and that between the western and eastern tips is about 55 km, the district lies in the southern maidan region of the state and is by and large an open country which is lacking in natural barriers. Bengaluru is divided into two districts; Bengaluru Urban and Bengaluru Rural. Bengaluru urban district has a total population of 96, 21,551 i.e. 91% of the total population of Bengaluru. At the center of the district is the Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike with a total area of 741 sq. km. wherein the population is nearly 84 lakhs. It consists of 17 hoblies, 86 Grama Panchayaths, 16 cities/towns, 699 villages, 198 wards, 9 municipal corporations and four taluks: Bengaluru North, Bengaluru East, Bengaluru South and Anekal. The city has a literacy rate of 87.67%. (Source: District at a glance 2013-14) Bengaluru South taluk has a total geographical area of 381 sq. kms with a population of 91,800 according to the population census of 2001. The taluk has 4 hoblies and 15 grama panchayaths and literacy rate of 71.60%. (Source: District at a glance 2013-14) The proposed project is a Residential Apartment which is located at Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli which is about 15.5 km from Bengaluru City (M G Road). The latitude and longitude of the site is 12ᵒ53 44.86 N and 77ᵒ32 25.50 E respectively. The nearest railway station is Nayandanahalli Railway Station, which is around 10.4 km from the project site and Bengaluru City Railway station, which is around 13.7 km from the project site and Kempegowda International Airport is around 50.9 km from project site. C1 Page 5
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.3.2 CLIMATE Bengaluru is considered to be climatically a well favoured district which is free from extremes, being situated in the heart of South Deccan of Peninsular India. Physically its situation is of considerable significance as it is on a ridge-top running through the middle of the Mysore plateau from west to east, at an average elevation of 920 m. The climate is classed as the seasonally dry tropical savanna climate with four seasons. The dry season with clear bright weather is from December to February. The summer season from March to May is followed by the south west monsoon season from June to September. October and November constitute the post-monsoon or retreating monsoon season. Other important features are the pre-dominant low clouding and the more or less steady temperatures with small diurnal variation during the whole monsoon season and the early morning dew and mist or fog during the months of October to February. April is usually the hottest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at 33.4 C and the mean daily minimum at 21.2 C. On individual days, in hot season, the day temperatures often go above 36 C. With the onset of the monsoon early in June, there is appreciable drop in the day temperature but that in night temperature is only slight. In October, the temperatures are as in the south-west monsoon season. Thereafter, temperature starts decreasing. December is generally the coolest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at 22.2 C and the mean daily minimum at 9.4 C. The highest maximum temperature recorded at Bengaluru is 38.9 C in 22 nd May, 1935. The lowest minimum was 7.8 C on 13 th January, 1884. The mean monthly relative humidity is the lowest in the month of March (44%), the morning and evening observations being 63% & 24% respectively. Relative humidity is high during the period June to October, being between 80% and 85% on the average. The average rainfall of Bengaluru urban district in the year 2015 was 1061.9 mm, which was 22% more than the normal rainfall of 870 mm. Bengaluru has three different rainy periods covering eight months of the year, followed closely one after the other. Of these, June to September is the principal rainy season. About 41.3% of the total annual rainfall is received in the south-west monsoon period (June-September) with a rainfall of 437.6 mm and about 32% of the total annual rainfall is received in the post monsoon period (October to December) with a rainfall of 341.8 mm and about 26% of the total annual rainfall is received in the pre monsoon period (March to May) with a rainfall of 274.8 mm and about 0.7% of the total annual rainfall is received in the winter season (January to February) with a rainfall of 7.7 mm. (Source: IMD) The surface winds over Bengaluru have a fairly clear cut seasonal character with easterly components predominating in one period and westerly components in the other. During the period May to September, the wind direction is WSW to W while during the period of November to March, they are ENE to ESE. April and October are transition months when the change over from the easterly to the westerly wind regime and vice versa take place. C1 Page 6
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION In November and December some of the storms and depressions which originate in the Bay of Bengal move westwards causing widespread heavy rain and gusty winds in the district. Thunder storms occur during the period of February to November, the highest incidence being in April-May and September-October. FIG 1.1: LOCATION OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT SITE C1 Page 7
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.4 NATURE & SIZE OF THE PROJECT Proposed development of Residential Apartment is coming up with a total site area of 15 Acres 37 Guntas (64,445.9 Sqmt). The total built up area of the project amounts to 2, 02,155.21 Sqmt with sufficient area earmarked for landscape, internal drive way, car parking and for other services & utilities. Proposed Residential Apartment comprises of components such as Club house, Swimming Pool, children s play area, seating plaza, play courts, landscape and garden. 1.5 IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY & REGION Residential construction activity in country is a key component of economic growth, employment, and income. Construction is the second largest industrial activity after agriculture in terms of value and employment. The economy relies on construction activities for progress and growth. The construction industry in both developed and developing countries may be viewed as that sector of the economy which, through planning, design, construction, maintenance, repair, and operation, transforms various resources into constructed facilities. The types of public and private facilities produced range from residential and non-residential buildings to heavy construction, and these physical facilities play a critical and highly visible role in the process of development. Construction contributes to economic development of a country and to a particular region by satisfying some of the basic objectives of development including output generation, employment creation and income generation and re-distribution. It also plays a major role in satisfying basic physical and social needs, including the production of shelter, infrastructure, and consumer goods. Some of the important features of such developments are; Construction requirements for goods and services from other industries are considerable; the development of the construction industry therefore stimulates these ancillary industries, thus encouraging further economic growth. The construction industry has to purchase something from material supplier, hire equipments from plant supplier and pay the labour as the wages in order to construct the work; in the meanwhile industry has to pay tax to the government when they finish their work there by augment the economic growth of the country. Construction industry as a whole is largely made up of small firms; it provides entrepreneurial opportunities for many small businessmen, thereby helping to re-distribute income. C1 Page 8
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION It also employs a large number of people (directly and indirectly) and therefore has an effect on the economy of a country/region during the actual construction process. The construction investment can be an important public policy tool which often accelerate development and create employment. It stimulates other similar developments in the locality and also raises the demand for other commercial and industrial developments. It raises the living conditions of the citizens of that particular locality and of the country. 1.6 SCOPE OF The study includes a detailed characterization of existing status of the environment in an area of 10 km radius around proposed project site for various identified environmental components viz. Air, Noise, Water, Land, Biological and Socio-economic. Under the scope of EIA, it is envisaged: To assess the present status of air, noise, water, land, biological and socio-economic components of environment. To identify, quantify and evaluate significant impacts of operations on various environmental components. To evaluate proposed pollution control measures and delineate Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlining additional control measures to be adopted for mitigation of adverse impacts. To delineate post-project environmental quality monitoring programme to be pursued by M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd. 1.7 APPLICABLE ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS With respect to prevention and control of Environmental Pollution, the proposed project is governed by the following Acts and Rules. Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 as amended in 1978 and 1988; Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 as amended in 1987; Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 amended 1991 and Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 and amendments; Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989, as amended in 2000, 2003. The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and as amended in 2002, 2006 and 2010. C1 Page 9
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION EIA notification dated 07.07.2004 as amended in 14.09.2006, 01.12.2009 and 22.12.2014. Stating that for any project or activity specified in category B in item 8 of the schedule i.e. building/construction projects/ area development projects and townships crossing built up area of 1, 50,000 sqmt, TOR should be conveyed to SEIAA, based on the approved TOR, EIA studies should be conducted which also includes an Environmental Management Plan for the mitigation of these impacts. C1 Page 10
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION This chapter encompasses the details of the proposed project, materials and resource requirements during construction and operation phases, utilities, sources of waste generation, estimation of pollution loads and associated infrastructures and so forth. 2.1. BACKGROUND DETAILS OF THE PROJECT 2.1.1. TYPE OF THE PROJECT M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd. is being proposed to develop a Residential Apartment at Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru. The proposed project provides residential dwellings of about 1,119 units, which will meet the demand of growing population in Bengaluru. The proposed Residential Apartment project comprises of 6 building blocks which are, Building 1 with three Towers, Tower 1 & 2 sprawled across B+G+17UF and Tower 3 sprawled across 2B+G+17UF with maximum height of 55.9m. Building 2 with single tower, Tower 4 sprawled across 2B+G+18UF with maximum height of 58.95m. Building 3 with three Towers, Tower 5, 6 and 7 sprawled across 2B+G+17UF with maximum height of 55.9m. Building 4 with three Towers, Tower 8, 9 and 10 sprawled across 2B+G+18UF with maximum height of 58.95m. Building 5 with two Towers, Tower 11 & 12 sprawled across B+G+17UF with maximum height of 55.9m. Building 6 consists of a single tower which is a Club House, sprawled across G+2UF with maximum height of 15.0m. 2.1.2. NEED FOR THE PROJECT In the fast developing world; these days the population is also increasing rapidly, so that the small towns and cities are changing into metropolitan cities there is scarcity of land in the cities and the business is growing and expanding very fast. Bengaluru is one of the major cities of India and a great place to live. As Bengaluru is teeming with cash-rich young professionals with a considerable amount of disposable incomes; the retail sector has smelt a great opportunity and has increased the demand for residential property even C2 Page 1
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION more. Keeping in mind this rise in demand, property builders are making various types of accommodations including Apartments, Villas and Townships to cater to the needs of these clients. With the unparalleled increment of the IT sector in Karnataka capital, the demand has increased for both type of commercial and residential real estate for leading in to existence of Bengaluru real estate, in the destination of the city and its nearest area. As the result, property builder in Bengaluru are growing towards boom for achieving success in the field of Bengaluru property market. They are making themselves reserve, building new, ever green and modern residential construction. By considering all these factors, M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd., has come forward to provide Residential Apartment with a Club House. 2.1.3. LOCATION OF THE PROJECT The proposed Development of Residential Apartment project is located at Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru of Karnataka. The environmental setting of the project site is given in the below Table 2.1. C2 Page 2
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION TABLE 2.1: ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF THE SITE Sl. No. Particulars Details Project Location Village Uttarahalli 1. Taluk Bengaluru South District Bengaluru State Karnataka 2. Plant site co-ordinates Latitude : 12ᵒ53 44.86 N Longitude : 77ᵒ32 25.50 E 3. Survey of India topo sheet No. 57 H 09 4. Site topography The Project Site consists of few shrubs. These will be cleared during site preparation. Other than this the proposed site is a vacant land. The site is sloping from South to North direction with an average contour level difference of 10m. 5. Nearest Highway SH-17 is at a distance of 7.5 km from the project site. 6. Nearest Railway station Nayandanahalli Railway Station, which is around 10.4 km from the project site. Bengaluru City Railway station, which is around 13.7 km from the project site. 7. Nearest Airport Kempegowda International Airport is around 50.9 km from project site. 8. Nearest Lakes Subramanya Kere, 105 m from the project site 9. Nearest Town/City City - Bengaluru 10. Nearest Villages Gubbalala village (1.0 km towards SE) Lingadheeranahalli village (1.4 km towards S) 11. Seismic Zone Seismic Zone II 12. Archaeologically important Places None within 10 km radius 13. Protected areas as per Wildlife None within 10 km radius Protection Act, 1972 14. Reserved/ protected Forests Turahalli Forest is at a distance of 1km from the project site. 15. Defense Installations None within 10 km radius C2 Page 3
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION FIG 2.1: LOCATION OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT SITE N Project Site C2 Page 4
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION FIG 2.2: TOPO MAP COVERING 10 km RADIUS PROJECT SITE 10 km Scale: 1cm: 0.5km 20cm: 10km SURVEY OF INDIA: TOPO SHEET NO: 57 H/9 & 57 H/5 C2 Page 5
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION FIG 2.3: AERIAL VIEW COVERING 500m RADIUS Towards Uttarahalli Subramanyapura Project Site Elegant Embassy 500 m Subramanyapura Main Road Jayanagar Housing Society Layout Pride Spring Fields Apartment Yadalam Nagar Towards Gubbala Latitude: 12ᵒ53 44.86 N Longitude: 77ᵒ32 25.50 E Source: Google Earth C2 Page 6
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION FIG 2.4: SITE ELEVATION MAP Slope Analysis: Site is sloping from South to North direction Contour level difference: 10.0 m Note: Site Elevation map in A1 size is enclosed with this report C2 Page 7
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION FIG 2.5: SITE PLAN Note: Site Plan in A1 size is enclosed with this report C2 Page 8
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1.4. IMPORTANT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT The project is a Residential Apartment which is located at Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru. This pioneer development has the main following features: Total plot area of 64,445.9 Sqmt (15 Acres 37 Guntas) The total Built up area of the project is 2,02,155.21 Sqmt Stand by DG sets for power back-up source. Usage of solar energy at strategic place. Excellent landscaping featuring trees, lawns, flowering buds. Well planned & designed rainwater harvesting facilities. Well designed Sewage Treatment Plant to treat the generated domestic sewage & will be reused for gardening & for toilet flushing. Well planned solid waste management system. Well-designed internal drive ways & Sufficient Car Parking provision. 2.1.5. PROPOSED SCHEDULE AND APPROVAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION Successful execution of the project largely depends on the co-ordinated approach of the project implementing agencies. Proper co-ordination between the various project execution agencies, monitoring of project schedules, appropriate mobilization of manpower and other resources can achieve affective cost control and timely completion of the project. The broad time frame required for implementation and completion of the project would be approximately 60 months, after obtaining the all necessary clearances. 2.1.6 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT The proposed commercial development is coming up in total land area of 15 Acres 37 Guntas. The Project Site consists of few shrubs. These will be cleared during site preparation. Other than this the proposed site is a vacant land. The site plan showing proposed components is presented in Figure - 2.5. The topography of the land at project site is sloping from South to North direction with an average contour level difference of 10.0m. Proposed project is a Residential building coming up in 1,119 Nos. of units and a Club House in 6 blocks comprising of 12 towers and a club house. Towers 1, 2, 11 & 12 are sprawled across B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 3, 5, 6, & 7 are sprawled across 2B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 4, 8, 9 & 10 are sprawled across 2B+G+18 Upper Floors with a height C2 Page 9
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION of 58.95m and the Club House is sprawled across G+2 Upper Floors with a height of 15m. Total built up area of the project is 2, 02,155.21 Sqmt. Layout of the project components have been optimized within the site premises, considering the space requirement for all the buildings, structures, services, fuel storage area, raw water storage tank, fire water storage tank, water & wastewater treatment plants, solid waste management yard, rainwater harvesting tank and so forth. 2.2. PROPOSED FACILITIES Basic details of the projects are mentioned below: TABLE 2.2: PROJECT PLANNING DETAILS Project Planning Details Total Site area 64,445.9 Sqmt (15 Acres 37 Guntas) Total Built up Area 2,02,155.21 Sqmt Height of Building 58.95 m Ground coverage 9,132.10 Sqmt (14.92 %) Latitude 12ᵒ53 44.86 N Longitude 77ᵒ32 25.50 E Distance and Direction from nearest Airport About 50.9 kms on south of south west side from the Kempegowda International Airport Access Road Width (m) 18.0 m Car Parking required 1,208 Nos. Car Parking provided 1,549 Nos. TABLE 2.3: BLOCK WISE DISTRIBUTION Sl. No. Block Tower No. of floors Height in m 1. Building 1 Towers 1 & 2 B+G+17 UF 55.90 m Tower 3 2B+G+17 UF 55.90 m 2. Building 2 Tower 4 2B+G+18 UF 58.95 m 3. Building 3 Towers 5, 6 & 7 2B+G+17 UF 55.90 m 4. Building 4 Towers 8, 9 & 10 2B+G+18 UF 58.95 m 5. Building 5 Towers 11 & 12 B+G+17 UF 55.90 m 6. Building 6 Club House G+2 UF 15.0 m C2 Page 10
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION The final land use pattern within the project site is enlisted in Table 2.4 below. TABLE 2.4: DETAILS OF LAND USE WITHIN THE SITE Sl. No. Description of usage Area in Sqmt % usage I Total site area 64,445.9 -- II Civic Amenities area 3,222.30 -- III Net Site Area for development 61,223.61 100 Land use break up in percentage 1. Ground coverage area 9,132.10 14.92 2. Landscape area 47,607.99 77.76 3. Driveway / Ramp 1,871.22 3.06 4. Service Area 2,612.30 4.26 TABLE 2.5: AREA STATEMENT Area of plot 64,445.9 Sqmt (15 Acres 37 Guntas) Permissible F.A.R 2.25 Proposed F.A.R 2.2496 Proposed F.A.R Area Permissible ground coverage Proposed coverage = 9,132.10 61,223.61 Proposed ground coverage 1,37,729.13 Sqmt 55 % 14.92% Height of the building 58.95 m TABLE 2.6: PARKING DETAILS Particulars for building Cars in Nos. Unit area less than 50 Sq.mt 1 Car Park for 2 units (146) 73 Unit area less than 150 Sq.mt 1 Car Park per unit 973 Club House Car Parking 1 for 50 Sq.mt 52 Total No. of Cars 1098 10% of visitors cars 110 Total number of Car Parks required 1208 Number of car parks provided in lower basement 490 Number of car parks provided in upper basement 1059 Total number of Car Parks provided 1549 C2 Page 11
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION COST OF THE PROJECT: The total cost involved in setting up of the project is estimated to be about Rs. 228.5 Crores. TABLE 2.7: COST BREAKUP OF THE PROJECT Sl. No. Description of Item Cost in Rs. 1. Land cost Rs. 49,00,50,000/- 2. Construction cost Rs. 179,50,32,976/- TOTAL Rs. 228,50,82,976/- 2.3. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Requirement of various resources and utilities for the project during both the construction and operational phases are discussed in detail in the succeeding sections. 2.3.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE 2.3.1.1 CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS The list of construction equipments that have to be deployed during construction phase are enlisted in Table 2.8. TABLE 2.8: MACHINERY REQUIREMENTS DURING CONSTRUCTION Sl. No. Description Qty 1 Concrete mixers 2 2 Concrete pump 1 3 JCB Excavator 1 4 Earth Rammers 1 5 DG Set 100 kva DG set, 1 No. 6 Crane 1 The lists of man power that have to be deployed during construction phase are enlisted in Table 2.9. C2 Page 12
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION TABLE 2.9: MAN POWER REQUIREMENTS DURING CONSTRUCTION SL. NO Man Power Nos. 1. Project Manager 2 2. Safety Officer 3 3. Senior Engineer ( Planning/ QS) 6 4. Senior Engineer ( Execution) 8 5. Engineer / AE / JE / (Execution) 15 6. Supervisor 25 7. Stores Officer 2 8. Stores Assistant 4 9. Asst Admin & Accounts 5 10. Masons 20 11. Male Coolie 12. Female Coolie 250 13. Electricians 20 14. Electrician Helpers 40 15. Plumber 15 16. Plumber Helpers 30 17. Carpenters 15 18. Carpenter Helpers 30 19. Tile Fitters 30 20. Tile Fitting Helpers 60 21. Painters 20 22. Painting Helpers 40 23. Miscellaneous 10 C2 Page 13
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.3.1.2 RAW MATERIALS The catalog of raw materials proposed to be used for the construction project and their mode of storage is presented in Table 2.10. TABLE 2.10: LIST OF RAW MATERIALS TO BE USED FOR CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL RESOURCES Sl. No. DESCRIPTION UNIT QUANTITY 1. Cement kg 1,75,57,660 2. Sand kg 3,07,25,905 3. Aggregate kg 4,38,94,150 4. Wood (For Shuttering) m 2 10,973.54 5. Steel kg 43,65,069 2.3.1.3. WATER REQUIREMENTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE The construction and domestic water requirements during construction phase will be met by authorized external tanker water suppliers. Below mentioned Table - 2.11 depicts the water requirement during construction period. The water utilized during the construction phase gets consumed either by the chemical reaction with cement and also partly gets evaporated. Hence, there will be no wastewater generation from curing or mixing processes. However, there will be discharge of domestic wastewater to the tune of 6 KLD. The domestic wastewater from the construction laborers will be collected in a collection tank & will then be lifted to BWSSB Sewage Treatment Plant through external agencies for further treatment. C2 Page 14
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION TABLE 2.11: WATER REQUIREMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION PURPOSE Sl. No. Activity Quantity of Works (m 3 ) Rate of water usage m 3 /m 3 Total requirement (m 3 ) 1. Concrete curing 93,695.26 0.9 84,326 2. Mortar mixing and curing for block work 419 0.8 335 3. Mortar mixing and curing for plastering 753 0.07 53 4. Floor finishes 9,252.5 0.05 463 5. Roof works 6,859 0.05 343 6. Domestic 250 Labours/day Construction Period Total 85,520 30 L/day 7.5 KLD 60 Months No. of Working Days /Month 26 Total No. of Working Days 1,560 Average Water Consumption Per Day (for Construction) Average Water Consumption Per Day (for Domestic) 54.8 = 55 KLD 7.5 KLD 2.3.1.4 SOLID WASTE GENERATION DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE Construction waste will be generated during construction works and it mainly comprises of earth, stones and bricks, inert and non-biodegradable materials such as concrete, plaster, metal, wood, plastics etc & small quantity of domestic solid waste. The retrievable items such as bricks, wood, metals are recycled, wherein the domestic waste will be segregated and will not be allowed to mix with the construction waste. The construction earth and other wastes will be reused for backfilling and road formation within the site premises. Proponents are not going to provide labour colony within the site, so there will not be any generation of domestic solid waste during the construction phase. 2.3.1.5 ENERGY REQUIREMENTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE Energy requirement during construction phase can be met by BESCOM/DG sets. A DG set of 100 kva will be used. C2 Page 15
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION TABLE 2.12: EMISSION LOAD FROM DG SET AND CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE USING HSD Pollutant Concrete Concrete JCB Earth DG Set Mixers Pump Excavator Rammers (1x80 (2x3.73 (1x44.74 (1x50 (1x3.75 kw/hr) kw/hr) kw/hr) kw/hr) kw/hr) NOx (@9.2 g/ KW-hr) 68.63 412 460 736 34.5 PM (@0.3 g / KW-hr) 2.23 13.42 15 24 1.12 HC (@1.3 g / KW-hr) 9.69 58.16 65 104 4.875 CO (@3.5 g / KW-hr) 26.11 156.59 175 280 13.125 2.3.2 OPERATION PHASE 2.3.2.1 WATER REQUIREMENT Sources of Water: The water will be procured from BWSSB. The detailed total water requirement, based on the number of residents and other facilities to be provided, during operational phase is estimated as below Table 2.13. TABLE 2.13: WATER REQUIREMENT BREAK UP Domestic water Flushing water demand @ 90 demand @45 Rate of Total water Sl. Description Total No. of lpcd+10% for lpcd+10% for occupancy/ requirement No. of module units persons clubhouse, clubhouse, unit @135 lpcd Swimming Pool Swimming Pool Make-up etc. Make-up etc. 1. 2, 2.5 & 3 - BHK 973 5 4,865 4,81,635 2,40,817.5 7,22,452.5 2. 1 - BHK 146 3 438 43,362 21,681 65,043 3. Total 1,119 -- 5,303 5,24,997 2,62,498.5 7,87,495.5 Say 525 KLD 265 KLD 790 KLD C2 Page 16
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION The total water requirement for the project during operation phase is around 790 KLD. It is proposed to use the treated sewage for secondary purposes such as toilet flushing to the amount of 265 KLD. Hence, the net fresh water demand would be about 525 KLD. Water balance chart during the operation phase is shown in the below Fig 2.6. Total water requirement 790 KLD Startup water for Flushing 265 KLD Net domestic Water Requirement 525 KLD Treated water for flushing 265 KLD Fresh water requirement 525 KLD Recycled water To STP 711 KLD 90% of total water requirement STP of capacity 785 KLD will be provided Available STP treated water = 785 KLD For Flushing 265 KLD For Gardening 207 KLD Excess treated water to UGD 313 KLD Fig 2.6: WATER BALANCE CHART C2 Page 17
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.3.2.2. SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT The sewage generated is about 711 KLD i.e. about 90% of the domestic water requirement. This sewage is treated in a Sewage Treatment Plant with designed capacity of 785 KLD to meet the quality standards of urban reuse. Sufficient area for this plant has been earmarked in the layout plan. The treated water will be utilized for secondary purposes like gardening and flushing after prior treatment. The methodology adopted for treatment of domestic sewage is based on Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) Technology. TABLE 2.14: RAW SEWAGE CHARACTERISTICS ph 6.5-8.5 Suspended Solids, mg/l 250-300 BOD 5, mg/l 600 COD, mg/l 150 The treated sewage characteristics are given in the following Table. TABLE: 2.15 SEWAGE CHARACTERISTICS AFTER TREATMENT (URBAN RE-USE STANDARDS) Parameters Standards ph 6.0-8.5 BOD5 mg/l <10 COD mg/l < 250 SS mg/l < 10 Turbidity, NTU < 2 E-Coli None Design Details of sewage treatment plant is enclosed in the proceeding sections. C2 Page 18
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION Fig 2.7:FLOW SHEET OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT Raw Sewage Bar Screen Equalization Tank SBR Tank Filtered water Sludge for manure Filter Press Sludge Decant Tank Chlorine Dosing Backwash To Flushing & for Gardening Treated Water Tank Activated Carbon Filter Pressure Sand Filter C2 Page 19
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.3.2.3 SOLID WASTE GENERATION The solid wastes generated during operation phase can be categorized under three groups: Wet Garbage like Food waste, Lawn mowing wastes etc. Dry Garbage such as Paper, Plastic, Bottles, etc. Sludge from Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has sponsored a survey to ascertain the status of municipal solid waste disposal in metro cities, Class-I cities and Class-II towns of India. As per the survey, the per capita generation of solid waste was found to vary from 0.019 kg/person/day to 0.747 kg/person/day. A nominal value of 0.45 kg/person/day has been considered for a commercial development to estimate the quantity of domestic solid waste generated due to the proposed project. TABLE 2.16: SOLID WASTE GENERATION Total no. of Total Solid waste Organic Waste In-Organic Waste @ Sl. No. residents @ 0.45 kg/day @ 50% of total 50% of total 1. 5,303 2,390 1,195 1,195 2. Quantity of Sludge Generated = 107 kg/day Disposal: The solid waste generated from the project is collected separately as Organic and inorganic waste in the respective bins. Management: Organic wastes will be segregated & collected at building levels and will be processed in organic waste converter. The recyclable portion like paper, plastics, glass, metals etc. will be given to the waste collectors for recycling and further processing. STP sludge will be used as manure for gardening within the site. Hazardous wastes like waste oil generated from the DG sets will be stored in barrels and handed over to the authorized waste oil recyclers/processors. Generated E-Wastes will be collected separately & handed over to the authorized & approved by KSPCB E-waste processors. C2 Page 20
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.3.2.4 ENERGY REQUIREMENTS Energy requirements The maximum power demand estimated for the facilities is 6,633 kva which will be drawn from BESCOM. TABLE 2.17: DETAILS OF POWER REQUIREMENT & BACKUP DETAILS Sl. No. Description Capacity 1. Total energy load 6,633 kva 2. Transformers 500 kva X 13 Nos. & 250 kva X 3 Nos. 3. Diesel Generator sets 750 kva X 12 Nos. The details of total fuel requirement and lube oil generation for the proposed facilities are as follows. Storage of HSD: The consumption of fuel from DG sets is estimated to be 1,885 l/hr and usage will be restricted and will be used only in case of power failure. The characteristics of HSD are given in Table 2.18 below. TABLE 2.18: PROPERTIES OF HSD Acidity, inorganic Nil Acidity, total, mg KOH/g, max To Report Ash, percent by mass, Max 0.01 Carbon residue (Ramsbottom) on 10 0.30 percent residue(1) percent by mass,max Cetane number (2), Min 48 3) Cetane index (2), Min 46 3) Pour points (4) Max a) Winter 3 o C b) Summer 15 o C Copper strip corrosion for 3 hr at 100ºC Not worse than No.1 Distillation, percent (v/v) recovered a) at 350 o C 85 b) at 360 o C -- c) at 370 o C 95 Flash point C2 Page 21
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION a)(abel ºC, min) b) Pensky Martens closed cup (5) o C, Min 355 66 Kinematic Viscosity, cst at 40ºC 2.0 to 5.0 Sediments, percent by mass, Max 0.05 Total Contamination, mg/kg 24 Density at 15 o C (6), kg/ m 3 820-860 Total sulphur (8), mg/kg, Max 500 Water content, percent(v/v) 0.05 Cold Filter Plugging point (CFPP) (4) Max a) Winter b) Summer 6 o C 18 o C Total sediments (10) mg per 100 ml, Max 1.5 Lubricity corrected wear scar diameter 460 (WSD 1.4) at 60 o C, microns, Max Oxygen content (11) percent by mass, Max 0.6 Ref: Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas (MoPNG), IS1460:2005 (5 th Revision) Waste oil from DG: It is estimated that the amount of waste oil generated from the DG sets would sum up to about 4.4 liters per running hour of DG. These wastes generated are stored in identified locations in closed leak proof containers under roof within the building premises for its safe disposal. The same is disposed to KSPCB authorized waste recyclers. Energy Saving Details: The proposed project will use the non-conventional energy source i.e. use of solar energy, which will comprise of solar geyser, street lightings, hence utilizing maximum solar energy. The alternative energy efficient devices are also used and the energy saving details is depicted in Table 2.19. C2 Page 22
CHAPTER-II PROJECT DESCRIPTION TABLE 2.19: ENERGY SAVINGS DETAILS Sl. No. Description Savings in Lakh kwh Savings in units per Annum % 1. Power Savings through Solar Geyser 3.62 2.54 2. Power Savings through HF Ballast 5.37 3.77 3. Power Savings through Copper Wound Transformer 4.08 2.87 4. Power Savings through Provision for LED 18.98 13.33 5. Power Savings through Street Lighting 0.11 0.08 Total Energy Saved with above measures 32.16 22.58 Percentage of saving in energy 22.58 2.3.2.5 FIRE HYDRANT SYSTEM Fire protection scheme has been designed based on all the relevant fire safety measures as per NBC norms. The proposed Building is a development of Residential Apartment with maximum height of 58.95 m. Fire extinguishers will be set up throughout the building. The project has been designed based on all the relevant fire safety as per NBC norms. Fire extinguishers systems are deployed throughout the building. Fire hydrants around the building. Fire hose cabinets provided at every floor. Indentified assembly points will be provided for fire accidents. Sprinkler System, Automatic fire detection & Alarm system will be provided. Frequently fire mock up drills should be conducted. Precautions & safety measures proposed are: Nearby Fire Station contact numbers will be displayed. Fire water tanks of capacities 350 Cum of two numbers will be provided for immediate action to arrest the fire accident. Portable fire extinguishers are proposed to be placed at Strategic locations. Electrical Fire Alarm system is placed at Strategic locations. Public Address System. Landing Hydrants on all floors near each staircase with necessary accessories. 2.3.2.6 TRAFFIC IMPACT STUDY AND ITS MANAGEMENT REPORT IS ENCLOSED IN PROCEEDING SECTION. C2 Page 23
Project: Proposed Residential Development at Uttarahalli village, Bengaluru Owner: M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd Bengaluru Architects: M/s. Venkataramanan Associates, Bengaluru FEASIBILITY REPORT ON SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR M/s. PRESTIGE ESTATES PROJECTS LTD, BENGALURU PROJECT : DEVELOPMENT OF RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT BEARING SY. Nos. 115,116 & 117 AT UTTARAHALLI VILLAGE, UTTARAHALLI HOBLI, BENGALURU SOUTH TALUK, BENGALURU. ARCHITECTS M/s. VENKATARAMANAN ASSOCIATES Architecture Engineering Interiors, #10/2, II Floor, O Shaughnessy Road, Langford Town, Bengaluru 560 025. PHE CONSULTANTS M/s. SAMPATH KUMAR ASSOCIATES,PVT LTD, 950/7, Swamy Complex, 3 rd Floor, 24 th Main, J.P. Nagar 2 nd Phase, Bengaluru 560 078. Tel. No: 080-26588403 and 080-2649467978, Email:mail@sampathkumarassociates.com, sampathkumar.kolar@gmail.com Website : www.sampathkumarassociates.com Feasibility Report 1 PHE& FIRE Consultants: M/s. Sampath Associates Pvt. Ltd, Bengaluru
Project: Proposed Residential Development at Uttarahalli village, Bengaluru Owner: M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd Bengaluru Architects: M/s. Venkataramanan Associates, Bengaluru 1.0 PRE-AMBLE: M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd. is coming up with Residential Development on a plot of 15 acres 37 Guntas at Uttarahalli village, Bengaluru. The total built-up area of the proposed project is 2, 02,155.21 Sq.mt. comprising 1,119 Nos. of units and a Club House in 6 blocks comprising of 12 towers and a club house. Towers 1, 2, 11 & 12 are sprawled across B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 3, 5, 6, & 7 are sprawled across 2B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 4, 8, 9 & 10 are sprawled across 2B+G+18 Upper Floors with a height of 58.95m and the Club House is sprawled across G+2 Upper Floors with a height of 15m. The Basements comprises of Car parks, Ground & the Upper Floors comprises of 1,119 numbers of Apartments. 2.0 DESIGN OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT: 2.1 Sewage Treatment Plant: STP is envisaged for this project to conserve usage of fresh water by recycling and utilizing for Flushing in toilets & Landscaping Purpose. Total water requirement = 790,000 Lts Assuming Diversity Factor of 0.9 = 0.9X790, 000 = 711,000 Lts/day Adding 10% extra = 782.10 m 3 / day Sewage generated = 785 m 3 / day Feasibility Report 2 PHE& Firefighting Consultants: M/s. Sampath Kumar Associates Pvt. Ltd Bengaluru
Project: Proposed Residential Development at Uttarahalli village, Bengaluru Owner: M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd Bengaluru Architects: M/s. Venkataramanan Associates, Bengaluru Based on the above discharge a state of the art sewage treatment plant of capacity 785 KLD is proposed. 2.2 Quality of Raw Sewage & Treated Domestic Sewage The general characteristic of sewage is considered as shown in the table below. General characteristics: Ph : 6.5-8.5 BOD5 : 250-300mg/lt. COD : 600mg/ltr SS : 150mg/ltr The anticipated final water quality: PH : 6 8.5 BOD5 : < 10 mg/lts COD : < 250 mg/lts SS : < 10 mg /lt. Turbidity : < 2 NTU E. Coli : None 3.0 DESIGN DETAILS OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT: Total quantity of raw effluent = 785m 3 /day = 49.0625 m3/hr BOD5 @ 27 0 C Expected BOD5 reduction: = 250 mg / L 1. Influent BOD5 = 250 mg/l 2. BOD5 reduction in SBR = 95 % Therefore BOD5 at the outlet of secondary Treatment 3. BOD5 reduction with tertiary treatment like Coagulation, filtration and disinfection = 12.5 mg/l = < 10 mg/l Feasibility Report 3 PHE& Firefighting Consultants: M/s. Sampath Kumar Associates Pvt. Ltd Bengaluru
Project: Proposed Residential Development at Uttarahalli village, Bengaluru Owner: M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd Bengaluru Architects: M/s. Venkataramanan Associates, Bengaluru 3.1 BAR SCREEN: * Size of the unit : 0.6 m x 1.0 m * Function : To separate coarse matter From the raw effluent 3.2. RECEIVING TANK: * Average BOD5of effluent at the inlet of the pre-aeration tank = 250 mg/l * Total organic load with 20% BOD5 reduction considered = 50 mg/l * Total organic load to be removed = 39.25 kg/day * Total oxygen required assuming 2 kg of O2/kg of BOD5 removed = 78.50 kg/day Let us assume * Alpha = 0.6 * Beta = 0.7 * Oxygen transfer at 0.25 m depth = 25% * Density of air = 1.2 kg/m3 * Percentage of oxygen in atmosphere = 21% * Therefore air required for aeration = 2966.74 m 3 /day * Air requirement per hour = 185.42 m 3 /hr * Type of aeration: coarse bubble diffused aeration system * Detention time = 4 Hrs * Volume of the unit = 353.25 m 3 Say 355 m 3 * Size of the unit = 71.30Sq.mt X 5.0m liquid depth Feasibility Report 4 PHE& Firefighting Consultants: M/s. Sampath Kumar Associates Pvt. Ltd Bengaluru
Project: Proposed Residential Development at Uttarahalli village, Bengaluru Owner: M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd Bengaluru Architects: M/s. Venkataramanan Associates, Bengaluru 3.3 SEQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR (2 No.s) i) Basic design assumptions Inlet Outlet BOD5 at 27 0 C, mg/l 200 20 TSS, mg/l 200 30 (NH3 Ammonia), mg/l 25 1 Total Phosphorous, 10 2 mg/l TKN, mg/l 40 5 ii) SBR design calculations b) Reactor volume Assumptions for SBR kinetics * F/M ratio = 0.15 * MLSS = 4000 mg/l * Net sludge yield = 0.76 kg MLSS/kg BOD5 * Min. solids retention time = 8 days * Reactor volume decanted each day = 60% * Dissolved O2 liquor concentration = 2 mg/l * Oxygen co- efficient kg of O2/kg of BOD5 = 1.28 kg of O2/kg of NH3N = 4.6 * Oxygen transfer factors A (typical for coarse bubble diffusers) = 0.85 ß (typical for domestic wastewater) = 0.95 * Typical O2 transfer rate for coarse bubble diffusers = 1.25 kg O2/KWH * No. of cycles/day = 4 * BOD5 removed (kg/day) = [(BOD influent BOD effluent) (mg/l)] x flow (L/day)] BOD5 = 141.30 kg/day Feasibility Report 5 PHE& Firefighting Consultants: M/s. Sampath Kumar Associates Pvt. Ltd Bengaluru
Project: Proposed Residential Development at Uttarahalli village, Bengaluru Owner: M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd Bengaluru Architects: M/s. Venkataramanan Associates, Bengaluru * Required aerobic mass = BOD5 removed F/M Ratio = 942 kg MLS * Reactor volume (low water volume) = MLSS mass (kg) / MLSS concentration = 235.50m 3 * Since the decant volume represents 60% of the total volume * Total reactor volume = 588.75 m 3 Say 590m 3 * Size of the unit (1)-320 cum=64.20 Sq.mt x 5.0 m liquid depth * Size of the unit (2)-270 cum=54.0 Sq.mt x 5.0 m liquid depth b) Decant volume * Total decant volume = total reactor volume reactor Volume Total decant volume = 261.66 m 3 Say 265m 3 * Maximum detention time= 6 hrs * Max. Retention time = 2 hrs (Low water level) * Size of the unit = 89.0 Sq.mt x 3.0 m liquid depth Aeration: * Nitrogenous O2 demand (kg of O2/day) = NH3 - N oxidized (kg/day) x kg O2/kg of NH3N * Carbonaceous O2 demand (kg of O2/day) = BOD5 mass (kg/day) x kg O2/BOD5 * NH3 - N oxidized (kg/day) = TKN removed (kg/day) - synthesis N (kg/day) * TKN removed = 27.475 kg/day * Synthesis N = 5% waste activated sludge of total daily sludge production Feasibility Report 6 PHE& Firefighting Consultants: M/s. Sampath Kumar Associates Pvt. Ltd Bengaluru
Project: Proposed Residential Development at Uttarahalli village, Bengaluru Owner: M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd Bengaluru Architects: M/s. Venkataramanan Associates, Bengaluru * Sludge production (kg/day) = net sludge yield (kg MLSS/kg BOD5) x BOD5 removed (kg/day) Therefore sludge production = 0.76 x 141.30 kg/day = 107 kg/day * Synthesis N = 5.3694 kg/day * NH3 - N oxidized = 22.10/day * Nitrogenous O2 demand = 101.68 kg of O2/day * Carbonaceous O2 demand = 6.86kg/day * AOR (kg/day) = nitrogenous O2 demand + carbonaceous O2 demand (kg/day) Where AOR = Actual Oxygen Requirements (kg O2/day) * AOR = 108.54kg/day SAOR (kg O2/hr) = [AOR x Cs x teta (T-20)] / [ae x (beta x Csw - C0) x blower usage (hr/day) where SAOR = standard actual O2 requirement (kg O2/day) teta = temperature correction factor = 1.024 Cs = O2 saturation concentration at standard temperature and pressure = 9.02 mg/l Csw = concentration correction for elevation 1000 ft. = 9.02-0.0003 x elevation = 8.72 mg/l (NOTE: 0.0003 may be used as a rule of thumb describing a 0.0003 mg/l rise/drop in DO saturation concentration per every foot of elevation increase /decrease.) C0 = 2 mg/l ae = 0.85 Beta = 0.95 T = 30 0 C (67 0 F) Blower usage= 16 hrs/day (Based on 4 cycles per day (6 hr/cycle), 1.0 hr fill time, 3.5 hr react time, 0.75 hr settle time, 0.5 hr decant time, and 0.25 hr idle time SAOR = 14.52 kg of O2/hr * Sludge flow rate (L/day) = sludge mass flow (kg/day) / sludge density (kg/l) Feasibility Report 7 PHE& Firefighting Consultants: M/s. Sampath Kumar Associates Pvt. Ltd Bengaluru
Project: Proposed Residential Development at Uttarahalli village, Bengaluru Owner: M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd Bengaluru Architects: M/s. Venkataramanan Associates, Bengaluru * Typical sludge density = 1.02 kg/l * Therefore sludge flow rate = 105.28 kg/day 3.4. FILTER FEED PUMPS: * Pumping rate = 49.0625 m 3 /hr * Pumping head = 30.0m 3.5. PRESSURE SAND FILTER: * Total Flow = 785 m3/day * Duration of Pumping assumed = 10 hrs * Pumping rate = 78.5 m3/hr Surface loading considered = 10 m 3 / m 2 /hr * Area of filter required = 7.85 m 2 * Diameter of filter required = 3.2 m * Number of sand filters = 1 * Height of shell = 2.5 m * Media for sand filter: Pebbles, grit, silt, gravel, and coarse & fine sand. 3.6. SLUDGE PUMP: * Duration of pumping = 8 hrs/day * Pumping rate = 2.0 m 3 /hr * Pumping head = 15.0m 3.7. SLUDGE HOLDING TANK: * Quantity of sludge generated = 785 m 3 /day * Designing sludge holding tank with 1 day holding capacity * Provided Volume of the tank = 157.0 m 3 Say 160 m 3 Feasibility Report 8 PHE& Firefighting Consultants: M/s. Sampath Kumar Associates Pvt. Ltd Bengaluru
Project: Proposed Residential Development at Uttarahalli village, Bengaluru Owner: M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd Bengaluru Architects: M/s. Venkataramanan Associates, Bengaluru * Size of the tank = 31.50Sq.mt x3.0 m liquid depth 3.8. SCREW PUMP: * Pumping rate = 2.0 m3/hr * Pumping head = 10 m 3.9. MECHANICAL FILTER PRESS: * Design liquid sludge flow = 23550 L/day * Daily solid sludge generation rate = 282.60 kg/day * No. of days = 3 days * Quantity of sludge solids load on the filter press = 847.80 kg/3 days * Assume sludge holding capacity = 40 kg/m 2 * Size of the filter press required = 21.195m 2 * Let the size of each plate = 0.61 m 0.61 m = 0.37 m 2 * Number of plates required = 57.28 no s. * Provide 1 filter press with 58 chambers each. 3.10. ALUM DOSING TANK WITH FLASH MIXER: Provide metering pump of dosing capacity 4 6 LPH with 100 liters capacity dosing tank 3.11. COMMON TREATED WATER SUMP: * Detention time = 12 hrs * Volume of the unit = 588.75m 3 Say 590 m 3 * Air required = 295.0 m 3 /hr * Size of the unit = 90.0 sq.mtx 6.80 liquid depth Feasibility Report 9 PHE& Firefighting Consultants: M/s. Sampath Kumar Associates Pvt. Ltd Bengaluru
Project: Proposed Residential Development at Uttarahalli village, Bengaluru Owner: M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd Bengaluru Architects: M/s. Venkataramanan Associates, Bengaluru 3.12. BLOWER CAPACITY: * Blower capacity required = Receiving tank + SBR + Treated 3.13. UV DISINFECTION: Water collection sump + 10% extra = 560.40m 3 /hr Say 565 m 3 /hr The filtered water is passed through an U.V. Sterilizer for disinfection. One number of U.V. Sterilizer is provided for this purpose 3.14. INTER PLANT PIPING: Provide PVC pipes of 4 ksc pressure rating including necessary specials like tee s, bends, elbows, flanges etc 3.15. ELECTRICALS: Provide and install motor control center with necessary cabling, earthing etc. complete. Design details summary for STP of 785 KLD capacity Sl. no. Particulars Size 1 Bar screen 0.6 x 1.0m long 2 Receiving tank 71.30Sq.mt x 5.0m liquid depth 3 SBR (2 no.s) 64.20 Sq.mt x 5.0 m liquid depth & 54.0sqmx5.0m liquid depth 4 Pressure sand & carbon filter 3.2m dia 5 Sludge holding tank 31.50Sq.mt x 3.0 m liquid depth 6 Decant Tank 89.0 Sq.mt x 3.0 liquid depth 7 Mechanical filter press (Plates of 0.61 m x 0.61 58 nos.) 8 Common treated water collection 90.0sq.mt 6.80 m liquid depth sump 9 Blower capacity 565m 3 /hr Feasibility Report 10 PHE& Firefighting Consultants: M/s. Sampath Kumar Associates Pvt. Ltd Bengaluru
Project: Proposed Residential Development at Uttarahalli village, Bengaluru Owner: M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd Bengaluru Architects: M/s. Venkataramanan Associates, Bengaluru 4.0 SCHEMATIC FLOW CHART: Flow in 785m 3 /day Bar screen chamber Receiving Tank Air Blowers Sludge pump SBR cum settling tank -1 SBR cum settling tank -2 Sludge holding tank Filter feed pump Decant Tank Activated Carbon filter Pressure Sand filter UV Steriliser Mechanical filter press Sludge used as manure Common Treated water Sump Reused for landscape development/toilet flushing/surplus discharge BWSSB sewer line Feasibility Report 11 PHE& Firefighting Consultants: M/s. Sampath Kumar Associates Pvt. Ltd Bengaluru
Traffic Impact Assessment studies For Development of Residential Apartment At Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bangalore South Taluk, Bangalore. Prepared and Presented by, M/s Consortia Of Infrastructure Engineers Vijaynagar, Bangalore-40, Ph:080-2340-3232 Email: consortia.infra@gmail.com
Traffic Impact studies Before Construction During Construction Traffic Projection After Construction Road Geometrics Road Connectivity Speed Vehicular Noise Addition Trucks (construction Materials) Impact in V/C & LOS Requirements for operation Traffic data From tpt Dept Mathematical Modeling IRC Method for projection Projected Traffic Parking traffic flow logistics Modified Scenario of V/C &LOS Changed Scenario if any for reduction in V/C & LOS Traffic Volume V/C & LOS V/C & LOS Traffic Management Measures
Google Map To Subramanyapura main Road
Location Map To Subramanyapur a main Road Project Site
Location Map
Site Plan
Road connectivity to project site Project is located along Thurahalli road which is having 18.2 m RoW. Thurahalli road is well connected to Subramanyapura road and joins the same at two different locations. 4th cross HBCS layout road is well connected to Thurahalli road which the motor able road having 18m RoW and is about 700m to Subramanyapura road. Another Approach road is about 900m to Subramanyapura road with 12.2m RoW. The project is well accessed from Uttrahalli Road, Vasanthpura Road and Subramanyapura Road to reach city side activities. Another point of contact is from Gubbalala and its surroundings. The existing Thurahalli Road is of WBM and which will have to be asphalted after removing road side vegetation etc., Due to the residential development the Thurahalli Road should have high Raised Kerb Footpath for pedestrian safety with 2m Width.
Road Connectivity
Road Geometric Scenario Road Only to show Road geometrics ROW (m) CW (m) Lanes Surface Condition Street lights Drain age width (m) Mark ing Road Sign s Remarks Approach Road (2 lanes - Undivided) RoW=12.2m 12.2 7 WBM Pavement should be laid A A - NA Sign boards has to be installed markings should be marked Thurahalli Road(2 lanes -Undivided) RoW=18.2m 18.2 7 2 Avg NA A NA NA Street light, signs and signages has to be installed Road markings have to be marked. 4 th cross HBCS Road (2 lanes - Undivided) Subramanya pura road (2 lanes - Undivided) RoW=18m RoW=18m 18 7 2 18 7 2 Fair/avg A A NA NA Avg NA A NA NA Sign boards has to be installed markings should be marked Street light, signs and signages has to be installed Road markings have to be marked.
ROW: 18.2m (2 lanes WBM) 7m CW, 5.6m shoulder on both side along with the open drain Existing Road geometric scenario To Subramanyapur a main Road Project Site ROW: 12.2m 6m CW, 3.1m shoulder on both sides ROW: 18m 9m CW, 3.5 m Shoulder and 1m Open Drain on either side of the road ROW: 18m 7m CW, 2.5 m shoulder and 3m open drain on both sides
Date:15/12/2015 Thurahalli Road (2 lanes Undivided) Time: 9.45 am Approach Road (2 lanes Undivided) To Approach Road To 4 th Cross Road To Subramanyapura Road To Thurahalli Road 4 th Cross HBCS Road (2 lanes Undivided) Subramanyapura Main Road (2 lanes Undivided) To Subramanyapura Road To Gubbalala To Vasanthpura Road To 80 feet Road
Photos of study roads Date:15/12/2015 Time: 9.45 am To Gubbalala To Gubbalala To Project site To Subramanyapura Road
Speed Spectrum measured for (kmph) Road 2wh 3wh 4wh Buses/Trucks Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Approach Road (2 lane undivided) Thurahalli Road (2 lane undivided) 4 th Cross HBCS Road (2 lane undivided) Subramanyapura Road (2 lane undivided) 30 20 16 12 34 24 20 17 35 28 20 15 40 35 18 12 51 37 23 21 48 42 25 21 46 22 30 28 52 45 28 26
Real time traffic scenario along Thurahalli Road (2 lanes-undivided) Timing 2Wh 3Wh 4Wh Lorries Total V/C 7.00-8.00 am 17(9) 2(2) 18(18) 2(6) 39(34) 0.02 8.00-9.00 38(19) 6(5) 29(29) 1(3) 74(56) 0.03 9:00-10:00 75(38) 15(11) 64(64) 8(24) 162(137) 0.06 10:00-11:00 51(26) 9(7) 47(47) 0(0) 107(79) 0.04 4:00-5:00 pm 13(7) 1(1) 11(11) 0(0) 25(18) 0.01 5:00-6:00 26(13) 3(2) 21(21) 1(3) 51(39) 0.02 6:00-7:00 64(32) 11(8) 56(56) 5(15) 136(111) 0.05 7:00-8:00 42(21) 7(5) 32(32) 10(30) 91(88) 0.04 Note: The highest peak observed is 137 PCU s/hr During 9.00-10.00 am.
PCU's/hr Vehicular composition along Thurahalli Road (2 lanes- Undivided) 4Wh 39% B/L 1% 2Wh 52% 3Wh 8% 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 34 56 137 79 18 7.00-8.00 am 8.00-9.00 9:00-10.00 10:00-11:00 4:00-5:00 pm 111 88 39 5:00-6:00 6:00-7:00 7:00-8:00 Time
Real time traffic scenario along Approach Road (2 lanes-undivided) Timing 2Wh 3Wh 4Wh Lorries Total V/C 7.00-8.00 am 97(49) 6(5) 26(26) 5(15) 134(94) 0.04 8.00-9.00 113(57) 15(11) 43(43) 8(24) 179(135) 0.06 9:00-10:00 269(135) 53(40) 74(74) 15(45) 411(293) 0.13 10:00-11:00 169(85) 37(28) 62(62) 6(18) 274(192) 0.09 4:00-5:00 pm 75(38) 4(3) 17(17) 2(6) 98(64) 0.03 5:00-6:00 147(74) 11(8) 35(35) 7(21) 200(138) 0.06 6:00-7:00 261(131) 49(37) 71(71) 12(36) 393(274) 0.12 7:00-8:00 194(97) 24(18) 54(54) 9(27) 281(196) 0.09 Note: The highest peak observed is 293 PCU s/hr During 9.00-10.00 am.
PCU's/hr Vehicular composition along Approach Road (2 lanes- Undivided) 4Wh 18% Buses/Lo rries 4% 3Wh 13% 2Wh 65% 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 293 274 192 196 135 138 94 64 7.00-8.00 8.00-9.00 9:00-10:00 10:00-11:00 4:00-5:00 5:00-6:00 6:00-7:00 7:00-8:00 Time
Real time traffic scenario along 4 th Cross HBCS Road (2 lanes-undivided) Timing 2Wh 3Wh 4Wh Lorries Total V/C 7.00-8.00 am 209(105) 39(29) 173(173) 17(51) 438(358) 0.16 8.00-9.00 243(122) 53(40) 215(215) 32(96) 543(472) 0.21 9:00-10:00 326(163) 97(73) 284(284) 64(192) 771(712) 0.32 10:00-11:00 282(141) 71(53) 256(256) 51(153) 660(603) 0.27 4:00-5:00 pm 187(94) 26(20) 161(161) 13(39) 387(313) 0.14 5:00-6:00 225(113) 45(34) 192(192) 29(87) 491(425) 0.19 6:00-7:00 301(151) 84(63) 279(279) 58(174) 722(667) 0.30 7:00-8:00 264(132) 62(47) 237(237) 46(138) 609(554) 0.25 Note: The highest peak observed is 712 PCU s/hr During 9.00-10.00 am.
PCU's/hr Vehicular composition along 4 th cross HBCS Road (2 lanes- Undivided) B/L 8% 2Wh 42% 4Wh 39% 3Wh 11% 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 712 603 472 358 313 7.00-8.00 am 8.00-9.00 9:00-10.00 10:00-11:00 4:00-5:00 pm Time 667 554 425 5:00-6:00 6:00-7:00 7:00-8:00
Real time traffic scenario along Subramanyapura Main Road (2 lanes- undivided) Timing 2Wh 3Wh 4Wh Buses/Lorries Total V/C 7.00-8.00 am 259(130) 35(26) 187(187) 34(102) 515(445) 0.20 8.00-9.00 321(161) 64(48) 264(264) 59(177) 708(650) 0.30 9:00-10:00 345(173) 108(81) 296(296) 91(273) 840(823) 0.37 10:00-11:00 298(149) 82(62) 225(225) 72(216) 677(652) 0.30 4:00-5:00 pm 236(118) 21(16) 161(16) 25(75) 443(370) 0.17 5:00-6:00 272(136) 53(40) 205(205) 48(144) 578(525) 0.24 6:00-7:00 334(167) 97(73) 289(289) 86(258) 806(787) 0.36 7:00-8:00 313(157) 76(57) 248(248) 63(189) 700(651) 0.30 Note: The highest peak observed is 823 PCU s as per IRC-106:1990 during 9.00am to10.00 am.
PCU's/hr Vehicular composition along Subramanyapura Main Road (2 lanes-undivided) Buses/Lorr ies 11% 2Wh 41% 4Wh 35% 3Wh 13% 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 823 650 652 525 445 370 787 651 7.00-8.00 8.00-9.00 9:00-10:00 10:00-11:00 4:00-5:00 5:00-6:00 6:00-7:00 7:00-8:00 Time
Real time traffic scenario To Subramanyapura main Road 137 PCU s/hr 9.00 10.00 am 293 PCU s/hr 9.00 10.00 am Project Site 712 PCU s/hr 9.00 10.00 am 823 PCU s/hr 9.00 10.00 am
Real time traffic scenario for Study roads Road V C Existing V/C Ratio Thurahalli Road (2 lane undivided) 137 2200 0.06 A Approach Road (2 lane undivided) 293 2200 0.13 A 4 th Cross HBCS Road (2 lane undivided) 712 2200 0.32 B Subramanyapura Road (2 lane undivided) 823 2200 0.37 B V/C LOS Performance 0.0-0.2 A Excellent 0.2-0.4 B Very Good 0.4-0.6 C Good 0.6-0.8 D Fair/Average 0.8-1.0 E Poor 1.0& Above F Very Poor V= Volume in PCU s/hr & C= Capacity in PCU s/ hr LOS = Level of Service Note: IRC is accepting the fact that, in Indian roads the real congestion starts when V/C ratio is >1, i.e., for forced flow. Till this limit the road is free for traffic movement without any impediments. Hence it is acceptable as normal upto V/C =1 and the performance will be taken as good only LOS
Real time traffic scenario The Project site is located at 18.2m wide Thurahalli Road. No buses are moving on the approach road. All the types of vehicles i.e., 2Wh, 3Wh, 4Wh, and Bus/Lorries moves along Subramanyapura Main Road and 4 th cross HBCS Road. Road As per study (per minute) 2wh 3wh 4wh Buses/lories Thurahalli Road (2 lane undivided) 1 or 2 0 or 1 1 o r 2 0 or 1 Approach Road (2 lane undivided) 4 or 5 0 or 1 1 or 2 0 or 1 4 th Cross HBCS Road (2 lane undivided) 5 or 6 1 or 2 4 or 5 1 or 2 Subramanyapura Main Road(2 lane undivided) 5 or 6 1 or 2 4 or 5 1 or 2 The observed speed indicates that the vehicles are well within the speed limits and hence the road safety is ensured.
During construction The addition of 10 lorries per day carrying construction material do not change any significantly the traffic flow. V/C during construction (lorries) =0.07, 0.15, 0.38, 0.39 The present level of service will remain A, A, B & B along Thurahalli road, Approach Road, 4 th cross HBCS Road and Subramanyapura Road. Number of lorries coming to the site Day time 10 no s. The addition do not make any significant change for traffic movement at any given time. Vehicles carrying construction materials are well covered to prevent any spillage. Vehicles hired for construction material will be in good condition and conforms to noise and air emission standards. Vehicles will operate only during non peak hours.
Parking Logistics No. of 1 BHK units 146 No. of 2, 2.5 & 3 BHK units 973 Total no. of units 1,119 Car Parking Required Unit area less than 50 Sqmt (1 Car park for 2 units) Unit area less than 150 Sqmt (1Car park for each unit) Club House Car Parking (1 Car park per 50 Sqmt) 73 973 52 Total no. of Cars 1,098 10% Visitors Car 110 Total 1,208 Car Parking Provided Lower Basement floor 490 Upper Basement floor 1,059 Total Provided 1,549
Parking Flow Logistics Since the activity is Residential, the ingress & egress of vehicles will move from & to the Project between 8:00am to 11:00am as egress & 6:00pm to 9:00pm as ingress. The total traffic generated based on the total parking provided for project which will be 1549 PCU s. i.e., 1549 PCU s get distributed to 3hrs and the hourly flow will be 1549/3= 516 PCU s/hr. The total PCU s/hr being 516 will exit to 18.2m wide Thurahalli Road. i.e., 100% x 516 = 516 PCU s/hr will exit on Thurahalli Road. Since Thurahalli Road has good connectivity of roads towards Uttarahalli Main Road, Vasanthpura Main Road and Subramanyapura Main Road about 60% of traffic moves towards Approach Road of 12.1m wide & later towards Subramanyapura Road to reach Vasanthpura Main Road, Uttarahalli Main Road and Kengeri and about 40% will move towards 4 th Subramanyapura main Road to reach Kanakapura Main Road. cross HBCS road towards
Contd i.e., 0.6 x 516 = 310 PCU s/hr moves along Approach Road towards Subramanyapura Main Road. 0.4 x 516 = 206 PCU s/hr moves along 4 th Cross HBCS Road towards Subramanyapura Main Road. 1 x 516 = 516 PCU s/hr moves along Subramanyapura Main Road.
Changed V/C & LOS after adding generated traffic to existing traffic Road Real time traffic scenario Changed V/C and LOS after adding generated traffic V C V/C LOS V C V/C LOS Thurahalli Road (2 lane undivided) Approach Road (2 lane undivided) 137 2200 0.06 A 137+516= 653 293 2200 0.13 A 293+310= 603 2200 0.30 B 2200 0.27 B 4 th Cross HBCS Road (2 lane undivided) 712 2200 0.32 B 712+206= 918 2200 0.42 C Subramanyapura Main Road (2 lane undivided) 823 2200 0.37 B 823+516= 1339 2200 0.61 D
Projected traffic for next three years based on individual vehicular growth as per IRC : 37-2001 Road Vehicle Type 2Wh 3Wh 4Wh Buses % Growth 7.68 6.53 11.82 7.14 Total Thurahalli (2 lane undivided) Approach Road (2 lane undivided) 4 th Cross HBCS Road (2 lane undivided) Subramanyapura Main Road (2 lane undivided) 94(47) 18(14) 89(89) 10(30) 211(180) 336(168) 64(48) 103(103) 18(54) 521(373) 407(204) 117(8) 397(397) 79(237) 1000(926) 431(216) 131(99) 414(414) 112(336) 1088(1065) Note : Considering the neighboring development if any along with traffic growth potential based on the socio economic growth. The equation as recommended by IRC to work out the future generated traffic.
Modified V/C & LOS Road Projected vehicular growth for 3 years Modified V/C and LOS after adding generated traffic V C V/C LOS V C V/C LOS Thurahalli Road (2 lane undivided) Approach Road (2 lane undivided) 4 th Cross HBCS Road (2 lane undivided) Subramanyapura Main Road (2 lane undivided) 180 2200 0.08 A 180+516= 696 373 2200 0.17 A 373+310= 683 926 2200 0.42 C 926+206= 1132 1065 2200 0.48 C 1065+516 =1581 2200 0.32 B 2200 0.31 B 2200 0.51 C 2200 0.72 D
Consolidated V/C & LOS for Changed Scenario Road Existing traffic Changed by adding the generated traffic from the project Projected traffic after three years Modified by adding the generated traffic from the project V/C LOS V/C LOS V/C LOS V/C LOS Thurahalli Road (2 lane undivided) Approach Road (2 lane undivided) 0.06 A 0.30 B 0.08 A 0.32 B 0.13 A 0.27 B 0.17 A 0.31 B 4 th Cross HBCS Road (2 lane undivided) Subramanyapura Main Road (2 lane undivided) 0.32 B 0.42 C 0.42 C 0.51 C 0.37 B 0.61 D 0.48 C 0.72 D
Structural and Non structural Interventions Structural Measures The existing Thurahalli Road is of WBM and which will have to be Asphalted after removing road side vegetation etc., A well defined high raised kerb footpath must be provided on either side for pedestrians walk. This ensures to prevent haphazard crossing of pedestrians. To establish smooth entry & exit of vehicles, bell mouth shape geometry is provided at the gates. This ensures smooth transition for merging of vehicles.
Non-Structural Measures Proper and adequate signboards stating No Parking in front of the project to prohibit parking. All precautionary measures are ensured for the safety of construction laborers while working at the site. Rubber humps will be introduced for the outgoing vehicles at the exit gate drive way. Not more than 3m from the gate. Amber blinker lights will be used at the gate to caution vehicles which are moving out. Sign boards will also to be installed to this effect. Adequate sign & guide posts for traffic as per IRC (Indian Roads Congress) or ITE (Institute of Transportation Engineers USA) to be installed along study roads. Road marking, STOP lines, parking lanes, slot numbers etc, must be clearly painted so as to guide the drivers along study roads.
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT Baseline data describes the existing environmental status of the identified study area with reference to the prominent environmental attributes. An area covering 10 km radius, with project site as centre, is considered as the study area. The existing environmental setting is considered to establish the baseline conditions which are described with respect to geology, hydrogeology, climatic & atmospheric conditions, water quality, noise quality, soil quality, vegetation pattern, ecology, land use and socio-economic profile of people. The site-specific primary data were monitored for the identified parameters and were supplemented by the available secondary data. Baseline Environmental status is the most important study based on which probable impacts from the project are predicted. The Baseline study was conducted for the month of October 2015 to December 2015 i.e. post monsoon season. 3.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT The first feature which influence the development of a project is the existing land use pattern of the project site and neighborhood of the project, whether the proposed development conform to the development for that area or not. The detail study of the land environment will include the following study areas: Study of land use pattern, habitation, cropping pattern, forest cover, environmentally sensitive places etc, employing remote sensing techniques (if available) and ground truth and also secondary data sources. Study about trend of change in land use pattern, if any, with reasons thereof for the last 10 years and its extrapolation to future 10 years with and without the project. An area covering 10 km radius, with project site as centre, is considered as the Study area. 3.1.1 LAND USE PATTERN The main objective of this section is to provide environmental baseline status of the study area covering 10 km radius around the proposed project site so that the temporal changes due to the proposed residential activity on the surroundings can be assessed. The main objectives of land use studies are: To determine the present land use pattern. To ascertain the temporal changes in land use pattern during construction and operation phase and C3 Page 1
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT To scrutinize the impacts on land use due to proposed project in the study area. The use of land is determined both by physical factors such as topography, climate, and soil types as well as human factors such as population density, technological capability, culture & tradition etc. Land use has a major impact on natural resources including water, soil, nutrients, plants and animals. Land is a limited commodity in every context and hence, its use should be beneficial to the humanity, Land Use in the urban planning context means the use to which pockets or zones of land are put to. It could be residential, commercial, industrial, parks and open space, play ground, traffic and transportation etc. The use to which land should be put to must be optional. This can be done only if the existing land use is estimated. Existing land use: The proposed project site comes under the Revised Master Plan-2015 of Bengaluru Development Authority (BDA). It is observed from the Revised Master Plan-2015, the proposed project site is designated as Residential Main zone. And also land has been converted for from agricultural to residential purpose. C3 Page 2
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT FIG. 3.1: REVISED MASTER PLAN 2015 PROJECT SITE FIG. 3.2: GENERAL LAND USE AND CROPPING PATTERN OF BENGALURU (URBAN & RURAL) DISTRICT (SOURCE: GSI) C3 Page 3
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1.2 GEOLOGICAL SETTING Physiographycally the Bengaluru urban district can be divided in to rocky upland, plateau and flat-topped hills at a general elevation of about 900 m above mean sea level with its major part sloping towards south and south east forming pediplains interspersed with hills all along the western part. The pediplains form major part of the district underlain by gneisses and granites with the highest elevation of 850m to 950m above mean sea level. Major part of the pediplain constitute low relief area having matured dissected rolling topography with erosional land slope covered by a layer of red loamy soil of varied thickness. Major part of the pediplain is dissected by streamlets flowing in southern direction. Rocky upland pediplain and plateau constitute erosional topography. In northern part of Doddaballpur taluk, the pediplains have northerly slope dissected by various streamlets. The major part of the district lies in Cauvery basin. Important rivers draining the area are Shimsha, Kanva, Arkavathi, South Pennar and Vrishabhavathi. Shimsha and Kanva rivers of the Cauvery basin is draining majority of the district and Anekal taluk is drained by South Pennar river of Ponnaiyar basin. The other important rivers of the area are Kumudavathi and Pinakini. The drainage pattern is trellis to sub-dendratic. The Geological setting of entire Bengaluru district is as described below, based on taluk wise observations. The entire Anekal taluk is composed of only one type of rock viz. gneissic granites belonging to Precambrian age. The gneissic granites are exposed as a continuous chain of mounds raising 90 to 150 m above the general ground level on the western portion of the taluk. These form the Bannerghatta group of hills. Rocky outcrops are few and far between the middle and eastern portions of the taluk. Inclusions of quartz and pegmatite veins are common. The depth of weathering varies greatly. The central and eastern portions of the taluk show maximum thickness of the weathered mantle, extending to more than 12 m. The western portion of the taluk is deeply dissected and rocky. The chief rock types occurring in Bengaluru North taluk are granites and gneisses. These are prominently exposed as a ridge running NNE and SSW almost in the middle of the taluk. The granitic gneisses are crisscrossed by pegmatitic and aplitic veins. Basic xenolithic patches are common. Banding is prominent. The rocks are highly jointed. Sheet joining parallel to the exposed surface is particularly characteristic of the Bengaluru gneisses. On weathered surfaces, the longitudinal joints are prominently seen giving an appearance of titled beds. The regional strike is NNW-SSE with local variations. These rock formations have suffered considerable weathering particularly in the low lying areas as could be seen in the nala sections. Granites and gneisses are intruded by a number of basic dykes. Dykes are oriented east-west and as well as north-south. C3 Page 4
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT Cappings of laterites are found at the highest point in Bengaluru, generally above 915 m MSL. Beneath the Laterite, the gneisses are deeply weathered giving into various shades of clay. Laterite exposures are well seen near Yelahanka and neighborhood. Bengaluru South taluk comprises granites and granitic gneisses belonging to pre-cambrian age. The granitic gneisses are exposed as continuous chains of mounds raising 30 to 70 m above ground level in the southern region of the taluk. Granites are medium to coarse grained hard, compact and massive. Granitic gneisses are distinctly banded and are in various shades of gray color. The strike of foliation is usually NNW-SSE. They are traversed by pegmatitic and aplitic veins. Sheet jointing is very common. Granites and gneisses have undergone different degree of alteration and decomposition. Southern and eastern regions of the taluk show maximum thickness of weathered mantle extending upto about 20 m while the depth of the weathered zone is maximum generally in the valleys, in highly cut-up terrain, as in the southern parts of the taluk. Granites and granitic gneisses are traversed by vertical and horizontal joints and are intruded by dolerite dykes. Lateritic capping is confined to higher elevations such as Whitefield and Ramagondanahalli. Bengaluru lies on top of the south Karnataka Plateau (Mysore Plateau) and its topology is almost flat with the highest point being at Doddabettahalli (954 m above Mean Sea Level) in the direction of a NNE-SSW trending ridge lies east of the Vrishabhavathi river. The Bengaluru falls under the expanse of the Peninsular Gneissic Complex. The main rock types in the regions are Gneissic country rock and as well as intrusions of Granites and Migmatites. Bengaluru district lies over a hard and moderately dense Gneissic basement dated back to the Archean era (2500-3500mya).They recorded the principal rock formations namely upper vindhyan super group, deccan traps and inter trappean beds, alluvium and laterite. These rock types represent different time segments within Archean era. Granites and Gneisses of peninsular gneissic group constitute major aquifers in the urban district of Bengaluru. Laterites of Tertiary age occur as isolated patches capping crystalline rocks in Bengaluru north taluk and ground water occur in phreatic condition. Alluvium of limited thickness and aerial extent of 20 to 25m thick occur along the river courses possessing substantial ground water potential. Ground water occurs in phreatic conditions or unconfined conditions in the weathered zone and under semi-confined to confined conditions in fractured and jointed rock formations. The minerals, rocks and soil distribution of Bengaluru district is presented in Figure 3.3. C3 Page 5
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT FIG 3.3: GEOLOGICAL SETTINGS OF BENGALURU (URBAN & RURAL) DISTRICT (SOURCE: GSI) Bengaluru district does not possess mineral deposits of any commercial importance. The district accounts for small deposits of a few minor minerals like clay, quartz, feldspar and ornamental and building stones. 3.1.3 SOIL STRATA Bengaluru urban taluk is predominantly covered by Red loamy and Laterite soil. Red loamy and sandy soils generally occur on hilly to undulating land slope on granite and gneissic terrains. The soils are light textured and are highly leached in nature with good infiltration rate. They are mainly seen in the eastern and southern parts of Bengaluru north and south taluks. Laterite soils occur on undulating terrain forming plain to gently sloping topography of peninsular gneissic region. It is mainly covered in Anekal taluk and western parts of Bengaluru North and south taluks. Soil data including type, classification, characteristics, soil properties etc., are important from engineering considerations for design of structures. Changes in parameters of soil also may affect plantation and vegetative growth, which in turn may endanger the health of local habitat. Baseline data of the soil ascertained by way of soil investigations carried out is to be provided. Field surveys usually involve a combination of hand auger boring and drilling over the site in a systematic grid pattern, with more focus on specific areas of interest. Soil surveys should consider both physical and engineering properties of the soil. C3 Page 6
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOIL: The primary objective of this investigation is to establish the Geotechnical conditions at the site, the soil sample from the proposed project site was analyzed for important parameters and the results were compared with standard classification and to evaluate the net safe bearing capacities and other geotechnical design parameters through the various field and laboratory tests. Table 3.1 shows the characteristics of the soil at the project site. LABORATORY TESTING Following laboratory tests were conducted on the soil samples collected from boreholes at the project site. Tests conducted on soil samples: Standard Penetration test Gran size analysis Specific gravity Crushing strength of rock Table 3.1: Soil Characteristics at the Project Site Sl. No. Parameters Units Results 1 ph Value (20% Solution) -- 7.31 2 Electrical Conductivity (20% Solution) µs/cm 26 3 Organic Matter % 0.068 4 Total Soluble Solids mg/kg 65 5 Total Nitrogen as N % 0.015 6 Total Phosphorous as P 2O 5 % 0.037 7 Potassium as K 2O % 0.21 8 Sodium as Na 2O % 0.067 9 Calcium as Ca % 0.40 10 Magnesium as Mg % 0.19 11 Chlorides as Cl % 0.001 12 Texture: Sand Silt Clay As per the above table the texture of the soil is Sandy Silt in the project site. % 90 8 2 C3 Page 7
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 3.2.1 LOCAL METEOROLOGY The meteorological secondary data collected from India Meteorological Department (IMD) for the study period is very useful for proper interpretation of the baseline information and selection of air quality monitoring locations. Historical data on meteorological parameters will also play an important role in identifying the general meteorological regime of the region. The representative months for climate are divided into four seasons winter lasts from January to February, summer lasts from March to May, South-West monsoon rains from June to September and North-East monsoon rains from October to December. (Ref: Assessment of Impact to Air Environment: Guidelines for Conducting Air Quality Modeling, Central Pollution Control Board) OBJECTIVE: The prime objective of the baseline air monitoring is to evaluate the existing air quality of the study area. This will also be useful for assessing the conformity to standards of ambient air quality during the operation phase. This section describes the selection of sampling locations, methodology adopted for sampling and analytical techniques. The results of monitoring carried out during study period are presented in Table 3.6. METHODOLOGY The methodology adopted for monitoring surface weather parameters is as per the standard norms laid down by the Bureau of Indian Standards (IS:8829) and India Meteorological Department (IMD). Secondary information on meteorological conditions for the study region was collected from the IMD station at Bengaluru. 3.2.2 CLIMATOLOGY AND METEOROLOGY TEMPERATURE: The records of the City Central Observatory may be taken as representative of the meteorological conditions in the district in general as they pertain to long period. The mean monthly values of air temperature were obtained by taking the half-sums of the mean maximum and mean minimum temperatures. On the basis of mean monthly temperatures, April is usually the C3 Page 8
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT hottest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at 34 0 C and the mean daily minimum at 21.2 0 C. On individual days, in hot seasons, the temperatures often go above 36 0 C. With the onset of the monsoon early in June, there is appreciable drop in the day temperatures but that in night temperature is only slight. In October, the temperatures are as in the south-west monsoon season. Thereafter temperature decreases. January is generally the coolest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at 15.2 0 C and the mean daily minimum at 9.4 0 C. Nights during January are however slightly colder than during December. On individual days during the period December to February, the minimum temperature drops down to about 8 0 C. The highest maximum temperature recorded at Bengaluru is 38.9 0 C on 1931 May, 22. The lowest minimum was 7.8 0 C on 1884 January, 13. The mean annual range of temperature (defined as mean temperature of the warmest month minus the mean temperature of the coolest month) is only about 7 0 C. The curves of mean monthly maximum and minimum temperature indicate that the mean maximum temperature is the highest in April (36.2 0 C) and the mean minimum temperature is the lowest in January (11.4 0 C). Thus the mean of the extreme annual range of the temperature is i.e. of the difference between the highest and lowest temperature recorded in a year is about 24 0 C. The monthly mean diurnal range of temperature is maximum (about 15 0 C) in February-March and minimum in July-August (about 9 0 C). The maximum temperature of the day occurs at about 3 p.m. and the minimum temperature at about 6 a.m. except from May to July when it occurs about an hour or so earlier. The temperature at 9-30 a.m. and 9 p.m. is the mean temperature of normal day within half a degree Celsius. RELATIVE HUMIDITY: The humidity aspect of climate is a crucial study depending on the nature and purposes of the activity through almost in all cases low relative humidity are most desirable. The mean monthly relative humidity is the lowest in the month of March (44%), the morning and evening observations being 63% and 24% respectively. Relative humidity is high during the period June to October, being between 80% and 85% on the average. Humidity decreases thereafter and in the period February to April, the air is comparatively drier, the afternoon relative humidity being 25% to 35%. From May, the relative humidity increases. The maximum relative humidity during the day occurs at about 6 a.m. and the minimum at about 3 p.m. The total annual range between the maximum morning and minimum evening observations is 64% which is of significance in several industrial operations such as textiles, plastics, fertilizers, etc. the vapour pressure which represents the absolute moisture content of the atmosphere is however minimum in January, being equal to 12 mm. The largest number of hours of bright sunshine (9.5 hours) occurs in C3 Page 9
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT February-March. The number of sunshine hours decreases in later months reaching a minimum of 3.8 hours in July and increases later. The decrease in the sunshine hours between May and June by about 3.9 hours is the most marked. RAINFALL: The average rainfall of Bengaluru urban district in the year 2015 was 1061.9 mm, which was 22% more than the normal rainfall of 870 mm. The average annual rainfall observed based on the 10 years IMD data is 939 mm. Bengaluru has three different rainy periods covering eight months of the year followed closely one after the other. Of these, June to September is the principal rainy season. The annual variation of rainfall shows two maxima and two minima. The principal maximum is in September and the secondary maximum in May. These are also the months with the maximum frequency of thunderstorms. Bengaluru receives 54% of the total annual rainfall in the south-west monsoon period (June to September) with a rainfall of 496 mm and 34 rainy days. The rainfall increases from June to September. During the north-east monsoon period, the mean rainfall is 241 mm which is a quarter of the annual total rainfall and the mean number of rainy days is 14. Thus about 84% of the annual rainfall falls during the six months June to November. In April-May, the mean rainfall is 156 mm and the number of rainy days is 10. December to March is a comparatively rainless period, with a mean rainfall of 33mm and about 3 rainy days. FIG 3.4: TEMPERATURE AND RAINFALL PATTERN (SOURCE: GSI) C3 Page 10
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT WIND: The surface winds over a Bengaluru have a fairly clear cut seasonal character with easterly components predominating in one period and westerly component in the other. During the period May to September, the winds are WSW to W while during the period from November to March, they are ENE to ESE. April and October are transition months when the change over from the easterly to the westerly wind regime and vice versa take place. The annual variation of the monthly mean wind speed shows two maxima and minima. The primary minimum is in July when the westerly winds are prominent, with a mean speed of is about 17 kmph and the secondary maximum in January when the easterly winds are prominent, with a mean speed of about 10 kmph. The two minima occur in the two transition months, April and October when the mean velocity is about 8-9 kmph. The diurnal variation of wind speed also shows two maxima and minima. The principal maximum occurs generally between mid-day and 2 p.m. and the principal minimum between 4 and 6 a.m. The subsidiary minimum occurs between 7 and 9 a.m. The diurnal variation in wind direction is not prominent during June to September when the direction is mainly WSW or in November to February. The direction is mainly ENE in November, ENE to E in December and January and ESE to E in February. In March and April, winds have a slight southerly component in the morning and night after 6 p.m. and northerly component in the morning. The highest wind speed recorded so far is 106 kmph at 3.20 p.m. in a squall from NE on May 1950. Two other severe squalls occurred on 10 May 1948 and 26 May 1947 when the highest wind speed reached was 102 and 99 kmph respectively. The mean daily wind speeds in kmph at Bengaluru (based on the data 1969-80, height of sensor 19.2 m above ground level) are as follows. January 8.8, February 8.3, March 7.8, April 6.8, May 9.2, June 13.1, July 13.3, August 12.4, September 8.6, October 7.1, November 7.7, December 9.2 and Annual 9.4. Note: Sourced from gazetteer of India & IMD, Bengaluru district. C3 Page 11
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT LEGEND: Wind Direction is reported at 0830 & 1730 hrs. IST in 16 point compass E S N W NE NW SW SE ENE SSW NNW SSE ESE WSW WNW NNE G C Easterly Southerly Northerly Westerly North- Easterly North- Westerly South- Westerly South- Easterly East North easterly South-South westerly North-North westerly South- South easterly East- South easterly West- South westerly West- North westerly North- North easterly Gusty wind Calm wind The wind rose diagram collected from IMD Bengaluru is shown in the following Figure 3.5. C3 Page 12
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT Source: IMD Bengaluru Fig 3.5 Wind Rose Diagram From the wind rose diagram it can be observed that the predominant wind direction is blowing from West to East. Following tables 3.2 and 3.3 show the observed Meteorological Data during the study period of September - 2015 & October - 2015. C3 Page 13
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT DATE TABLE 3.2: METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS OBSERVED AT BENGALURU CITY Temperature ( 0 C) MAX. MIN. DURING SEPTEMBER - 2015 (SOURCE IMD, BENGALURU) Relative humidity (%) 0830 hrs. IST 1730 hrs. IST Wind Speed In kmphs 0830 hrs. IST 1730 hrs. IST Wind direction At 0830 hrs. IST AT 1730 hrs. IST Average Wind speed in kmphs 0830 to 0830 hrs. IST Rainfall in mm 1 29.7 21.1 80 48 4 6 W W 3 0.4 2 31.0 21.6 80 50 8 0 W CALM 3 0.0 3 30.7 22.0 76 59 4 4 W SE 2 0.0 4 31.7 21.3 75 56 0 4 CALM W 2 1.2 5 31.7 20.2 82 70 0 4 CALM Variable 2 24.4 6 30.5 21.3 83 63 4 6 Variable SW 2 0.2 7 30.8 20.0 95 80 4 4 W Variable 4 37.1 8 28.5 19.8 91 70 6 6 SW SW 4 36.6 9 27.6 20.5 88 71 6 8 SW WSW 6 Tr 10 26.3 19.6 83 64 6 10 SW SW 5 0.0 11 27.0 19.4 89 63 6 6 SW SW 4 3.3 12 27.4 20.0 83 59 6 6 W WSW 4 0.0 13 28.4 19.3 79 58 6 8 W SW 4 0.0 14 29.7 19.4 86 65 8 10 SW SW 5 5.3 15 28.0 19.3 86 65 10 10 SW W 6 0.0 16 27.3 19.8 78 65 10 10 W W 7 0.0 17 28.6 20.1 89 69 4 4 SW SW 6 0.0 18 27.0 19.1 81 67 6 6 SW SW 5 0.0 19 29.0 20.2 88 63 6 0 SW CALM 5 0.4 20 29.4 20.9 85 87 6 6 SW SW 5 Tr 21 29.0 19.2 87 68 6 0 SW CALM 4 7.2 22 29.4 20.7 82 50 0 8 CALM W 2 0.0 23 31.0 20.7 69 58 4 0 Variable CALM 2 1.1 24 31.0 22.9 80 90 4 0 SSW CALM 1 0.0 25 33.2 18.7 81 69 4 0 SW CALM 2 18.8 26 30.3 20.0 93 69 6 4 SW Variable 2 9.2 27 28.7 20.6 76 66 4 6 NW SW 2 0.5 28 31.6 19.7 90 85 0 0 CALM CALM 2 34.8 29 29.7 20.6 87 64 0 0 CALM CALM 1 8.5 30 29.7 21.3 85 85 0 0 CALM CALM 1 0.8 Note: Trace: not measurable quantity <0.1mm C3 Page 14
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT TABLE 3.3: METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS OBSERVED AT BENGALURU CITY DURING OCTOBER - 2015 (SOURCE IMD, BENGALURU) DATE Temperature ( 0 C) Daily Rainfall in mm Wind Direction Wind Speed in kmph Wind Direction MAX. MIN. 0830 IST 1730 IST Wind Speed in kmph Relative Humidity (%) 0830 IST 1 29.3 21.0 0.4 Variable 4 CALM 0 82 69 2 30.0 21.7 2.6 SW 4 SW 6 93 62 3 29.8 21.3 0.3 SE 6 W 6 83 63 4 29.6 21.3 3.2 Variable 4 NW 4 85 82 5 29.0 20.0 10.9 W 6 CALM 0 93 85 6 26.8 19.5 4.7 SW 6 SW 4 91 67 7 28.5 20.3 6.7 SW 4 NW 4 88 62 8 30.2 20.9 4.2 SW 6 SW 6 86 69 9 28.8 20.6 0.0 SW 6 W 10 83 61 10 29.4 20.5 0.0 SW 6 SW 4 86 63 11 29.5 21.3 0.0 SW 4 CALM 0 86 92 12 29.4 20.4 8.0 CALM 0 CALM 0 88 60 13 29.2 21.3 0.0 E 4 Variable 4 76 48 14 31.0 19.6 0.0 Variable 4 E 4 67 37 15 32.1 19.7 0.0 CALM 0 CALM 0 65 45 16 31.5 20.2 0.0 CALM 0 Variable 4 68 43 17 31.4 21.0 0.0 E 4 CALM 0 73 50 18 31.3 20.6 0.0 CALM 0 CALM 0 70 48 19 31.8 20.6 0.0 E 4 Variable 4 76 42 20 31.4 21.5 0.0 CALM 0 SE 4 76 48 21 31.0 21.1 0.0 CALM 0 CALM 0 76 50 22 30.6 20.0 0.0 CALM 0 CALM 0 74 43 23 31.2 18.4 0.0 Variable 4 CALM 0 54 32 24 31.0 19.7 0.0 CALM 0 E 4 67 31 25 31.8 17.8 0.0 E 6 Variable 4 59 47 26 29.8 20.0 0.0 CALM 0 Variable 4 77 46 27 29.6 20.6 0.0 CALM 0 CALM 0 76 54 28 29.4 20.6 Trace CALM 0 E 4 72 74 29 30.5 19.7 6.0 E 4 CALM 0 79 56 30 29.6 20.5 0.0 E 4 CALM 0 79 51 31 30.8 20.6 0.0 CALM 0 CALM 0 79 57 Note: Trace: not measurable quantity <0.1mm 1730 IST C3 Page 15
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.2.3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS The prime objective of the baseline air quality survey was to assess the existing air quality of the project site. This study will also be useful to check the conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during the project operations. This section describes the selection of sampling locations, methodology & analytical techniques adopted for sampling. The ambient air quality was monitored at five locations in and around the proposed project site. The air quality monitoring was conducted as per revised NAAQ standards 2009. INSTRUMENTS FOR SAMPLING Respirable Dust Sampler (RDS) APM-550 & APM 460 of Envirotech instruments are being used for monitoring Particulate Matter 10 µg/m 3, Particulate Matter 2.5 µg/m 3 and gaseous pollutants like SO 2, CO, NO 2, Ozone, Lead, Ammonia, Benzene, Benzo (a) Pyrene (BaP) particulate phase only, Arsenic & Nickel. SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES The following methodologies as shown in the Table 3.4 were adopted for the analysis of the various parameters at the sampling locations: TABLE 3.4: AIR ANALYSIS METHOD Sl. No. Test Parameters Test Method 1. Sulphur dioxide (SO 2) Modified West and Gaeke method 2. Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) Modified Jacob & Hochheiser method 3. Particulate Matter 10 µg/m 3 Gravimetric method 4. Particulate Matter 2.5 µg/m 3 Gravimetric method 5. Ozone (O 3) Direct Instrument Reading 6. Lead (Pb) AAS method 7. Carbon Monoxide (CO) Direct Instrument Reading 8. Ammonia (NH 3) Spectrophotometric method 9. Benzene (C 6H 6) Gas Chromatography method 10. Benzo (a) Pyrene (BaP) particulate phase only Solvent extraction by GC method 11. Arsenic (As) AAS method 12. Nickel (Ni) AAS method Note: AAS - Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Method C3 Page 16
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT Following are the air quality monitoring stations which were identified for the AAQ study within the study area. TABLE 3.5: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS Sampling Distance & direction from the Monitoring Stations Locations project site A1 Project Site --- A2 Gubbalaala 0.8 km in the SSE direction A3 Uttarahalli 1.7 km in the NNE direction A4 Bikasipura 1.7 km in the ESE direction A5 Kariyanapalya 2.0 km in the SW direction The ambient air quality values are given in Table 3.6. The Figure 3.6 shows the Air Quality monitoring locations within the study area. Note: SSE South of South East NNE North of North East ESE East of South East SW South West C3 Page 17
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT FIG - 3.6: AIR MONITORING LOCATIONS Project Site 10 km A3 A5 A1 A2 A4 Scale: 1cm = 0.5 km 20cm = 10 km Air Monitoring Locations C3 Page 18
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT TABLE 3.6: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY PARAMETERS Sulphur Nitrogen Particulate Particulate Parameters dioxide dioxide matter 10 µm matter 2.5 µm Units µg/m 3 µg/m 3 µg/m 3 µg/m 3 October 10.0 42.6 56.4 17.2 A1 November 9.0 39.1 58.2 10.3 (Project Site) December 10.4 42.0 76.2 28.2 A2 (Gubbalaala) A3 (Uttarahalli) A4 (Bikasipura) A5 (Kariyanapalya) October 10.0 42.6 80.1 34.6 November 8.4 38.1 48.1 16.2 December 7.4 36.6 48.2 14.2 October 10.7 41.0 70.4 16.6 November 8.7 42.0 50.1 10.2 December 9.7 39.1 60.9 19.2 October 12.0 42.0 60.2 18.4 November 9.3 39.1 53.6 15.4 December 12.0 39.1 62.2 16.6 October 12.9 43.0 54.2 18.6 November 9.3 38.4 45.2 10.1 December 12.0 43.0 69.2 24.6 Note: Ozone, Lead, Carbon Monoxide, Ammonium, Benzene, Benzo (a) Pyrene (BaP) particulate phase only, Arsenic, Nickel are BDL-Below Detectable Limit National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) are enclosed in Annexure-I C3 Page 19
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 3.3.1 NOISE LEVEL SURVEY The objective of noise monitoring in the study area is to evaluate the baseline noise and assess the impact of the total noise expected to be generated by the proposed project. Various noise scales have been introduced to describe, in a single number, the response of an average human being to a complex sound made up of various frequencies at different loudness levels. The most common and heavily favored of these scales is the A weighted decibel (db (A)). The scale has been designed to weigh various components of noise according to the response of a human ear. The impact of noise sources on the surrounding community depends on: 1. Characteristics of noise sources (instantaneous, intermittent or continuous in nature). It is well known that, a steady noise is not as annoying as one that is continuously varying in loudness; 2. The time of day at which noise occurs, for example loud noise levels at night in residential areas are not acceptable because it disturbs sleep; 3. The location of the noise source, with respect to noise sensitive land use, which determines the loudness and period of noise exposure. 3.3.2 NOISE LEVEL MONITORING Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurements were recorded at the project area & surrounding 10 km study area. The Noise monitoring stations where the noise levels were recorded during the study period are shown in the Figure 3.7. TABLE 3.7: NOISE QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS Sampling Distance & direction from the Monitoring Stations Locations project site N1 Project Site --- N2 Gubbalaala 0.8 km in the SSE direction N3 Uttarahalli 1.7 km in the NNE direction N4 Bikasipura 1.7 km in the ESE direction N5 Kariyanapalya 2.0 km in the SW direction C3 Page 20
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT FIG - 3.7: NOISE MONITORING LOCATIONS Project Site N3 10 km N5 N1 N4 N2 Scale: 1cm = 0.5 km 20cm = 10 km Noise Monitoring Locations C3 Page 21
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT PARAMETERS CONSIDERED DURING MONITORING For noise levels measured over a given period of time interval, it is possible to describe important features of noise using statistical quantities. This is calculated using the percent of time certain noise levels are exceeded during the time interval. The notation for statistical quantities of the noise levels are described below: L 10 is noise level exceeded 10% of the time; L 50 is noise level exceeded 50% of the time; and L 90 is noise level exceeded 90% of the time. The computed noise level parameters for the project site are presented in Table - 3.8. TABLE 3.8: MEASURED AMBIENT NOISE LEVELS db (A) Station No. Location Description Results N1 Project Site Residential Area 62.8 Commercial Area 66.2 N2 Gubbalala Residential Area 50.8 Commercial Area 54.7 N3 Uttarahalli Residential Area 62.2 Commercial Area 71.6 N4 Bikasipura Residential Area 54.1 Commercial Area 61.6 N5 Kariyanapalya Residential Area 53.2 Commercial Area 58.2 Ambient Noise Standards are enclosed in Annexure-III C3 Page 22
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT Water environment includes two environmental settings, i.e. ground water and surface water. Selected water quality parameters of ground & surface water resources within 10 km radius of the study area have been studied for assessing the hydrological environment to evaluate anticipated impact of the proposed residential development. It also assists to identify critical issues with a view to suggest appropriate mitigation measures for implementation. Baseline data with regard to this has been carried out and result has been generated. The standards with reference to discharge & drinking are outlined in Annexure II and X. 3.4.1 GROUND WATER TABLE The ground water occurs in the open spaces of weathered fractured gneisses and granites. In these rocks the water bearing and yielding properties are primarily due to weathering and fracturing. In the weathered zone, ground water occurs under water table conditions and in the fractured and jointed formations it occurs under semi-confined conditions. In Laterite, ground water occurs under phreatic condition. Alluvium along the river courses, though limited in thickness and aerial extent possess substantial ground water potential. The pre-monsoon depth to water level in the district ranges from 2m to 10m bgl. Water level up to 20m bgl is also observed in isolated patches. The post-monsoon depth to water level in the district ranges from 5m to 10m bgl. Ground water in the district occurs under water table conditions in the weathered mantle of the granitic gneisses and in the joints, cracks and crevices of the basement rock. The depth to water though dependent on topography, shows variation depending on the depth of weathering. The depth to water in the low lying areas ranges from one to three meters and some of the wells in the valleys start overflowing in the rainy seasons. The depth to water may be as high as ten meters. Main source of ground water is through infiltration of rainwater. Taking note of the climatic water balance, soil characteristics, fluctuation in water tables etc., it is estimated that surface run off and evapo-transpiration accounts for nearly 80% allowing only 20% of rainfall to recharge the ground water body. Baseline data for ground water quality is to be established including data of ph, Dissolved Solids, Coliform bacteria and other parameters to be decided based on the load to be handled. The description of the water sampling locations is given in Table 3.9. C3 Page 23
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT FIG 3.8: IRRIGATION & HYDROLOGY (SOURCE: GSI) 3.4.2 SURFACE WATER Baseline data of sources of surface water like lake/water body along with their description, present quality, the description of the water sampling locations are as given in Table 3.10. 3.4.3 WATER QUALITY Five groundwater & one lake water samples from various locations within the study area have been collected and analyzed for describing the baseline water environment. The water quality data is presented in Table 3.10. The ground & surface water quality monitoring stations where the water samples were collected for analysis during the study period are shown in the Figure 3.9. Sampling Locations NOTE: GW- Ground water SW-Surface water TABLE 3.9: WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS Monitoring Stations Distance & direction from the project site GW1 Project Site --- GW 2 Gubbalaala 0.8 km in the SSE direction GW 3 Uttarahalli 1.7 km in the NNE direction GW 4 Bikasipura 1.7 km in the ESE direction GW 5 Kariyanapalya 2.0 km in the SW direction SW1 Subramanyapura Lake 105m in the E direction C3 Page 24
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT FIG - 3.9: WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS Project Site 10 km GW3 GW5 GW1 SW GW2 GW4 SCALE: 1 cm = 0.5 km 20 cm=10 km Ground Water Sampling Locations Surface Water Sampling Location C3 Page 25
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT Sl. No. Parameters Units Organoleptic & Physical Parameters 1 Appearance -- TABLE 3.10: BASELINE GROUND & SURFACE WATER QUALITY IN THE GW1 Project Site Colourless Clear Liquid SAMPLING LOCATIONS Ground Water Results GW2 Gubbalaala Colourless Clear Liquid GW3 Uttarahalli Colourless Clear Liquid GW4 Bikasipura Colourless Clear Liquid GW5 Kariyanapalya Colourless Clear Liquid SW Subramanya pura Lake Colourless Clear Liquid 2 Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 3 Colour Hazen <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 4 p H Value -- 7.34 6.76 7.52 7.09 7.38 7.58 5 Turbidity NTU <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 7 6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 760 884 460 448 1892 764 General parameters 7 Electrical Conductivity s/cm 1417 1090 770 652 3190 1237 8 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 333 306 115 193 410 311 9 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 349 420 252 208 960 330 10 Carbonate Alkalinity as mg/l NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL 11 CaCO3 Bicarbonate Alkalinity as mg/l 333 306 115 193 410 311 CaCO3 12 Calcium as Ca mg/l 112 96 59.2 54.4 224 84 13 Magnesium as Mg mg/l 16.56 43.2 24.96 17.28 96 28.8 14 Sodium as Na mg/l 160 180 34 75 115 170 15 Potassium as K mg/l 4 6 6 7 4 18 16 Chlorides as Cl mg/l 91 148 68 57 507 191 17 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 104 96 33 28 46 46 18 Nitrites as NO2 mg/l <0.1 <0.02 <0.01 0.02 0.016 <0.02 19 Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 31.66 22.87 19.76 30.46 217.11 11.65 20 Boron as B mg/l <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 21 Copper as Cu mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 22 Iron as Fe mg/l 0.201 0.004 0.47 0.14 0.11 0.15 23 Manganese as Mn mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 24 Zinc as Zn mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 25 Percent Sodium % 49.65 47.9 22.20 43.04 20.67 51.3 26 Sodium Absorption Ratio -- 3.73 3.83 0.93 2.27 1.62 4.10 27 Oil and grease mg/l <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 Toxic substances 28 Arsenic as As mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 29 Cadmium as Cd mg/l <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 30 Chromium as Cr mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 31 Lead as Pb mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 32 Mercury as Hg mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 33 Nickel as Ni mg/l <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 Microbiological Parameters 34 Total Coliform MPN/ bacteria 100 ml >161/100 ml >161/100 ml 35/100 ml 92/100 ml Not Detected >161/100 ml 35 Escherichia coli MPN/ Not Not Detected Not Detected 35/100 ml 100 ml Detected Not Detected >161/100 ml C3 Page 26
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 3.5.1 INTRODUCTION An ecological survey of the study area was conducted, particularly with reference to listing of species and assessment of the existing baseline ecological (Terrestrial and Aquatic ecosystem) conditions in the study area. Considering the rich biodiversity of organisms and their role in productivity and their importance for human livelihood, it is vital to protect and safeguard these dynamic ecosystems. The present report gives the review of published secondary data. 3.5.2 OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY The present study was undertaken with the following objectives: To assess the nature and distribution of vegetation in and around the existing project site; To assess the distribution of animal life spectra; To assess the biodiversity and to understand the resource potential. To achieve the above objectives a study was conducted with the project site as its center. The different methods adopted were as follows: Compilation of secondary data with respect to the study area from published literature and Government agencies; Discussion with local people so as to elicit information about local plant species, animals and their uses. 3.5.3 BASELINE ECOLOGICAL DATA: FLORA IN & AROUND THE STUDY SITE The topographical and climatic features of the district are subjected to small regional variations and are, by and large, favorable for the growth of a variety of plants, shrubs and trees. Most of the area in Bengaluru urban district was under cultivation for centuries and now all woody plants are being cut down for fuel resulting in the growth of scrub vegetation. Vast areas are covered by thickets of extensive growth of lantana and other xenomorphic thorny shrubs rendering the area impenetrable and forming a most striking feature of the vegetation. The main crops grown in Bengaluru urban district are Paddy and Ragi along with other subsidiary crops such as Maize and Jowar each covering an area of 1,195, 661, 993 and 765 hectares. Whereas, the main crops grown in Bengaluru South taluk are Paddy, Ragi & maize each covering an area of 615 hectares, 6631 hectares & 219 hectares respectively. C3 Page 27
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT The Vegetation in the city is primarily in the form of large deciduous canopy and minority coconut trees. Although the vegetation consists of some timber yielding species such as Terminalia alata, Terminalia paniculata, Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellerica etc., it mainly yields firewood and timber, that too in very small quantity. Pure patches of Shorea talura are found in some forests like Doresanipalya and Kalkere reserve forests. SEASONAL VEGETATION: Seasonal vegetation is common in open waste lands and cultivated fields. This type of vegetation is active during the major part of the year and remains dormant only for a few months, starting from November or December and extending to May. After the first showers of monsoon in May, the ground, which is completely barren, becomes covered completely by green grass, and a few pioneer members such as Cassia hirsute (Kadu Uttarani), Cassia kleinii, Cynodon dactylon (garike hullu, perennial herb) etc. As the monsoon advances, the ground vegetation becomes dominant and completely covered by many annual weeds, which continue to flower till date in November or December. This vegetation consists of Ammannia baccifera (kallarive, procmbent marsh herb), Angallis arvensis (suryakanti soppu, common weed), Argemone mexicana (datturada gida, pricky herb), Corhorus aestuans (hairy herb), Crotalaria bifaria (spreading hairy herb), Fimbristylis ovata (densely tufted shrub), Imperata cylindrical (sanna dabbe hullu, thatching grass), Ocium cacum (aeromatic herb, nayitulasi), Rotala fimbriata (aquatic/semiaquatic herb), Cyanotis axillaries (negalakanne soppu, aquatic or marshy shrub), Sphaeranthus indicus (aromatic marsh herb) etc The ten most frequently encountered species in Bengaluru urban district in each road category are Albizia saman (Rain tree), Peltophorum pterocarpum (Copper pod), Polyalthia longifolia (Indian mast), Swietania macrophylla (Big leaved Mahagony), Spathodea campanulata (African tulip), Millingtonia hortensis (Indian cork), Delonix regia (Gulmohar), Pongamia pinnata (Pongam), Eucalyptus sp. (Nilgiri) and Bauhinia variegate (Orchid tree). The floral species observed by the Functional Area Expert during field survey in the district are as follows: C3 Page 28
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT TABLE 3.11: LIST OF SOME FLORAL SPECIES LIKELY TO BE SIGHTED IN THE REGION Sl. No. Botanical Name Common Name Local Name 1. Albizia lebbeck Siris Bage 2. Azadirachta indica Neem Bevu 3. Bambusa stricta Bamboo Biduru 4. Borassus flabellifer Toddy palm Tale 5. Calotropis gigantea Giant milkweed Ekkamale 6 Cassia occidentalis Senna Kolthogache 7. Cocos nucifera Coconut Narikela 8. Emblica officinalis Gooseberry Nelli 9. Eucalyptus tereticornis Eucalyptus Neelagiri 10. Ficus religiosa Peepal Arali 11. Ipomea spp Morning glory Kanti 12. Lantana camara Lantana Puchuli 13. Mangifera indica Mango Mavu 14. Phoenix sylvestris Wild Date palm Ichal 15. Prosopis juliflora Prosopis Bellari jali 16. Syzygium cumini Jamun Nerula 17. Tamarindus indicus Tamarind Husane 18. Terminalia catappa Indian Almond Taree 3.5.4 BASELINE ECOLOGICAL DATA: FAUNAL DETAILS Since the forest cover is quite scarce and most of the forest areas are small and are surrounded by agricultural lands, very few species of wild animals are found in the forests of the district. Occasionally, herds of elephants make an appearance in the forests and villages of Anekal Taluk from forests of neighbouring district. The larger game consisting mainly of cheetah or panther and the wild dog and animals such as the porcupine, jackal, wild cat etc. are mostly confined to the forests of Anekal taluk. Domestic animals consists principally of horses, cows, bullocks, buffaloes, sheep, goat, asses, pigs, dogs and cats. The avifauna in the region is rich and varied. The birds which are regularly seen in the district are as listed in the Table 3.12. C3 Page 29
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT TABLE 3.12: LIST OF SOME AVIFAUNA LIKELY TO BE SIGHTED IN THE REGION Sl. No. Zoological Name Common Name Animals 1. Bandicota bengalensis Bandicoot 2. Funambulus palmarum Squirrel 3. Herpestes edwardii Common mongoose 4. Rattus norvegicus Field mouse 5. Rattus rattus House rat Birds 1. Acridotheres tristicus Common Myna 2. Ardeola grayii Pond Heron 3. Artamus fuscus Ashy Wood Swallow 4. Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret 5. Centropus sinensis Greater Coucal 6. Corvus splendens House crow 7. Dicrurus macrocerus Black Drongo 8. Halcyon smyrnensis White breasted Kingfisher 9. Hirundo rustica Common Swallow 10. Lobpluvia malabaraica Yellow wattled Lapwing 11. Malacocercus terricolor Babbler 12. Merops orinetalis Common Bee Eater 13. Mesophoyx intermedia Median Egret 14. Milvus migrans Black kite 15. Motacilla maderaspatensis Large Pied Wagtail 16. Nectarinia zeylonica Purple-rumped Sunbird 17. Passer domesticus House Sparrow 18. Prinia socialis Ashy Prinia 19. Psittacula Krammeri Rose ringed parakeet 20. Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented Bulbul 21. Saxicola torquata indica Indian Bush-Chat 22. Saxicoloides fulicatus Indian Robin 3.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT The growth of construction and development sector in and around the agricultural dominant areas and villages is bound to create its impact on the socio-economic aspects of the local population. The impacts may be positive or negative depending upon the developmental activity. To assess the impacts on the socio-economics of the local people, it is necessary to study the existing socio-economic status of the local population, which will be helpful for making efforts to further improve the quality of life in the area of study. To study the socio-economic aspects of people in the study area around the proposed project, required data has been collected from various secondary sources. C3 Page 30
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT The methodology adopted for the study mainly includes review of published secondary data of the study area of 10 km radial distance from the periphery of the proposed project site, which comes under Bengaluru South Taluk of Bengaluru Urban district in Karnataka state. The study of socio-economic component of the environment incorporating various facets related to socio-economic conditions in the area forms an integral part of the EIA process. The study includes demographic structure, population dynamics, infrastructure, resources and economic attributes referring to employment, industrial development and financial sustainability of the project. The aesthetic environment refers to the scenic value of the area, tourist attraction, forest and wild life as well as historic and cultural monuments. 3.6.1 DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIETAL STATUS The information on present status of the human settlements were collected from the secondary sources such as census data and other concerned government departments. The baseline status refers to: 1. Demography structure 2. Infrastructure resource base in the area 3. Economic attributes The study area falls under Bengaluru South Taluk limits. The proposed project will come up at Survey Nos. 115, 116 & 117, Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru covering an area of 64,445.9 Sqmt (15 Acres 37 Guntas). The site is notified as Residential Main Zone. The site is not inhabited and hence rehabilitation and resettlement of people in the region due to the proposed project is not envisaged. The demographical pattern in the study region shows that the percentage of males and females is nearly 52% and 48% respectively. The literacy rate in the study area is as high as 87.67%. C3 Page 31
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT Bengaluru (Urban): 15.69% of the total population of Karnataka FIG- 3.10: COMPARATIVE SIZE OF POPULATION OF DISTRICTS 2011 Demographical pattern comprising the details of literacy, child & adult population are delineated in the Table.3.13. TABLE 3.13: DEMOGRAPHICAL PATTERN State/District/ Taluk T/R/U Population 0-4/6 Population Literates Persons Male Female Persons Male Female Persons Male Female Bengaluru Total 1,0612474 55,31,833 50,80,641 8,32,291 4,27,341 4,04,950 82,01,025 4463352 3737673 Bengaluru Urban 96,21,551 50,22,661 45,98,890 7,55,635 3,88,131 3,67,504 75,12,276 4078041 3434235 Bengaluru Rural 9,90,923 5,09,172 4,81,751 76,656 39,210 37,446 6,88,749 385311 303438 Source: Census data 2011 C3 Page 32
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT As far as the economic status in the study area is concerned, economy is mainly based on agriculture, plantation and forestry. INDUSTRIAL SCENARIO: Bengaluru district is industrially the most advanced city in Karnataka. The city is endowed with almost all primary requirements such as accessibility to raw materials, machinery, power, technicians, labourers, transport and communication, climatic conditions, marketing opportunities and financial facilities for the growth and development of industries. Of the old time industries of the district, production of textile goods is the most notable. Several large and medium industries in the mechanized sector came up after the 1980 s in the district. These include the major public sector industries such as Government press, Bengaluru Mill, Bengaluru Printing and Publishing Company Ltd., Government Soap Factory, Hindustan Aircraft Ltd. etc. The post-independence era in Bengaluru saw a flourishing industrial grown owing to the availability of power for industrial consumption, comparatively cheap labour and transport facilities. The industrial policy resolution enunciated by the Government of India in 1948 further accelerated the phase of industrial expansion. To name a few: Motor Industries Company, Hindustan Machine Tools Ltd., The New Government Electric Factory, Wheel and Axle Plant, BHEL, BEML, BEL etc.. The district is ranked as one of the top five technology clusters in the world. Bengaluru, home to the biggest trio cluster Bengaluru helix has 183 out of 340 biotechnologies companies existing in the country, making its 60% of the biotechnology units. Aviation has been the major sector for employment in the district since 1940s and the companies have five major Research and Development centre for Aerospace and hence the district has the potential to become a R & D hub. The world economic forum classified Bengaluru as the innovation cluster. Mercer s index ranks Bengaluru as the best place to live and work by expatriates. The district is also slowly becoming a medical hub due to the presence of world s largest healing center and tele medium center. Bengaluru urban district has around 6,493 factories, 14 industrial estates, 90,383 small scale industries and 1, 54,398 enterprises engaged in trade, hotels and transport activities. Garment manufacturing and Call center units are also doing well in the off-late years. The city mainly houses the IT industries, most of which are situated along Hosur Road and Electronics City. Some Garment units and other SSI (Small Scale Industries) are also present in the industrial suburbs such as Begur, Veerasandra, Bommanahalli, Naganathapura etc. C3 Page 33
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT BANKING, TRADE & COMMERCE: Productive activities are mostly represented by agriculture and industry. Organized and unorganized banking and other credit agencies including the government agencies help production by assisting capital formation and its channelization for various productive activities. At the same time, commerce in general removes the hindrances of place, person and time. Being an industrially hyperactive region, the financial needs of the area is sufficiently served by the vibrant Banking institutes. Besides almost all of the nationalized banks and local cooperative banks, numerous multinational banks have also been rendering services over the region. TRANSPORT SECTOR: Being the capital city of the state, Bengaluru is well connected by Road, Rail & Air, with the other major cities in India. Totally 347 km of National Highways run through Bengaluru district originating from Bengaluru city connecting the cities like Chennai, Hyderabad, Mumbai and Mangalore. The length of the state highway amounts to 290.3 km. Total length of surfaced roads by considering district as a whole sums up to 1,337km. The railway lines in five different directions terminate at Bengaluru city station viz.: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Miraj Line in North Western Direction Guntakal Line towards North Salem Line passing from North West to South West Chennai Line towards East Mysore Line towards South East There are direct trains running from Bengaluru city towards the other major metropolis - Delhi, Chennai, Calcutta & Mumbai. The total length of railway lines in the district as a whole is about 130 km with nearly 30 stations. Bengaluru airport was built by Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. for its use and the same is being used for Civil Aviation as civil airport. The airport comprise of both domestic and international terminals with daily flights to the major cities in India and around the world. Number of flights operating from Bengaluru is increasing owing to the proportionate demand from the well flourishing industrial sectors. Now the airline services are being fulfilled by Kempegowda International Airport. COMMUNICATION: There are about 222 Nos. of post offices in the district. The district has been well connected with internet through the high volume communication cables with broadband facilities. The district also enjoys a well-connected wired/wireless telephone network being maintained and C3 Page 34
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT operated by public sector and private service providers, the total number of telephone connections being 7,13,963 Nos. EDUCATION: The study region is also known for its quality education and world s best institutions like IISc, IIM, IIIT etc. Apart from adequate schools & colleges providing basic education to the needy, there are also numerous professional institutions and other institutions offering specialized courses relevant to the present day job market. AGRICULTURE: Though the district is fast growing as an intensive industrial zone and thus evading the agricultural land for primary and secondary needs, the district still produces food crops in a considerable quantity. The major crop being grown in the region is Ragi, the annual cultivation area of which amounts to 22,661 hectares. Besides, the other essential crops like Rice, Jowar, Maize, Paddy, Horse Gram, Avare and Tur dal are also grown in considerable quantities. 3.6.2 PLACES OF TOURIST INTEREST Though the Bengaluru city dominates the scene, the mofussil areas too do not lag behind in their charm and importance from the point of their antiquity and their historical monuments, places of scenic beauty and religious sanctity. Bengaluru with its modern buildings, parks, industries and temples dominates the scene. To name a few monuments worth visiting - Vidhana Soudha, High Court Building, Bengaluru Palace etc. The city lives upto its fame as the Garden City with its beautifully maintained parks and gardens. 3.7 SOLID WASTE As per the Municipal solid waste Management rules 2000, BBMP is responsible for managing the solid waste as per the situation. Door to Door collection of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) will be done. MSW from designated location will be collected and transported to the transit segregation point or landfill site. Sweeping & drain cleaning of main roads will be done twice daily. The KSPCB has divided the Bengaluru city as 14 Zones and our Project comes in Rajarajeshwarinagar Zone. The total population in the Rajarajeshwarinagar Zone is 2, 83,936. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has sponsored a survey to ascertain the status of municipal C3 Page 35
CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT solid waste disposal in metro cities, Class-I cities and Class-II towns of India. As per the survey, the per capita generation of solid waste was found to vary from 0.019 kg/day to 0.747 kg/person/day. A nominal value of 0.45 kg/person/day has been considered for quantification. Hence the quantity of solid waste being generated in Rajarajeshwarinagar zone is approximately 127.771MT/day. 3.8. HAZARDOUS WASTE Under the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008, the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) is regularly monitoring and quantifying the generated hazardous waste in Bengaluru. The KSPCB has divided the Bengaluru city as 14 Zones and our Project comes in Rajarajeshwarinagar Zone. The total quantity of hazardous waste being generated in Rajarajeshwarinagar zone is 2750.32 MT/A. Source: Annual Report of KSPCB (2013-14) C3 Page 36
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 INTRODUCTION Environmental Impact is the term applied to the systematic examination of the likely impacts due to the development of the proposed Residential Apartment project on the surrounding Environment due to different project activities during construction and operation phases of the project. This chapter deals with the Environmental Impacts due to project location, possible accidents, project design, project construction, regular operations, final decommissioning or rehabilitation of a completed project. The environmental impacts may be direct, indirect or cumulative. Environmental Impact study describes the identification and appraisal of various impacts due to the proposed residential project. Environmental Impact can be defined as any alteration of environmental conditions or creation of a new set of environmental conditions, adverse or beneficial, caused or induced by the action or set of actions under consideration. Environmental Impact Assessment is one of the tools available with the planners to understand the impacts that would emanate from the proposed project. The impacts on the environment have been predicted for the proposed project assuming that the pollution due to the existing activities have already been covered under baseline environmental monitoring. Impact prediction is a way of mapping the environmental consequences of the significant aspects of the project and its alternatives. Environmental impact can never be predicted with absolute certainty and this is all the more reason to consider all possible factors and take all possible precautions for reducing the degree of uncertainty. The objective of studying the Environmental Impacts is to foresee and address the potential environmental problems at an early stage of planning and design of the project. This study covers up to 10 km radius around the project location. Generally, the Environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary. Primary impacts are those which are attributed directly by the project wherein secondary impacts are those which are indirectly induced and typically include the associated investment and changed patterns of social and economic activities by the proposed action. Some of these impacts would have long term and short term intuition on the surrounding environment. C4 Page 1
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.2 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX From the Table 4.1 significant environmental impacts are identified. They are further elaborated with characterization and assessment. Table 4.2 and Table 4.3 provide the characteristics of impacts from construction and operational activities of the project respectively. TABLE 4.1: IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX Environmental attributes Activities Surface Ground Land & Socio- Air Noise Ecology water water Soil Economics Aesthetics Construction phase Site Clearing -1-1 0 0-1 0 1 1 Transportation of Raw materials -1-1 0 0 0 0 1 0 Construction Activities on land -1-1 0 0-1 0 1-1 Laying of Roads -1-1 0 0-1 0 1-1 Labor camps -1-1 0-1 -1 0 1-1 Operational phase Operation of DGs -1-1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solid waste disposal -1 0 0 0-1 0-1 -1 Wastewater disposal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-1 Buildings and Landscape 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 Transportation -1-1 0 0 0 0 1 0 Grading of Impacts: 2 Most Positive 1 Positive 0 No Impact -1 Negative -2 Most Negative C4 Page 2
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES TABLE 4.2: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DUE TO CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES Activity Environmental Attributes Cause Site clearing Transportation of Construction materials Construction activities / Laying of roads Construction Labours Air quality (PM) Noise levels Land & Soil Aesthetics Air quality (PM SO x, NO x, CO) Noise levels Risk Air quality (PM, SO x, NO x, CO) Noise levels Land & Soil Aesthetics Water quality (BOD, TSS, Fecal Coli form) Land and Soil Socio-economics Dislodging of particles from the ground Noise generation arises usually from earth excavating equipment & transportation vehicles Removal of vegetation cover and reduced soil stability Removal of weeds Transport of construction material in trucks, Exhaust emission from vehicles Noise generation from vehicles Risk of accidents during transport, loading and unloading Operation of construction machinery, welding activities and others Noise generation from use of machinery Reduced Soil Stability All Construction activities Discharge of untreated sewage Generation of solid wastes from construction activity Employment opportunities to local people and skilled and semi skilled labours C4 Page 3
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES Activity Afforestation / Landscaping Vehicular traffic for conveyance of people Solid-Waste Disposal Wastewater discharge DG set operation TABLE 4.3: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DURING OPERATION PHASE Environmental Attributes Ground Water Land & Soil Ecology Aesthetics Air quality (PM SO x, NO x, CO, HC) Noise levels Socio-Economic Air Quality Water Quality Land & Soil Socio Economics Aesthetics Water quality Air quality Noise levels Cause Ground Water Recharge Abatement of Erosion Afforestation Scenic views Vehicle operation and fuel combustion Noise generation from vehicles Employment for local transport services Odour Nuisance Surface runoff contamination and ground water contamination due to leachate Soil contamination due to leachate Objections from the local community Scenic blights Contamination of water resources due to untreated wastewater Exhaust emissions Noise generation The impacts on each environmental component due to the proposed project activities are separately identified and suitable mitigation measures are recommended for the same. The likely to be affected seven basic Environmental components due to the above project activities are as follows. 1. Land Environment 2. Air Environment 3. Noise Environment 4. Water Environment 5. Ecology 6. Socio-economic Environment 7. Solid Waste and Environment The Environmental impacts on the above Environmental parameters due to the proposed project activities are discussed in detail in the following sections. The potential significant impacts due to proposed project activities on each environmental components are studied under two phases, i.e. during: Construction phase & Operation phase. C4 Page 4
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.3 ANTICIPATED IMPACT DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE The impacts posed during the construction phase will be temporary and restricted to small area for short duration. Depending upon the availability of the site details and impact characterization for the construction phase, it is identified that the construction phase impacts will be low, short-termed and reversible. The impact on the environment arising during the construction phase are discussed in detail in the below sections. 4.3.1 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT 4.3.1.1 SOIL SUBSTRATA The removal of soil cover will disturb the soil stability and texture. During construction, care will be taken to retain the present soil cover to the extent possible by proper construction, management/planning. The stability of the soil will be re-established by proper preparation and better landscaping techniques. The substrata of this area are not rocky and as such no blasting is envisaged for either leveling or during foundation work. MITIGATION MEASURES To conserve the soil substrata; soil disturbing activities will be restricted and will be minimum; preliminary landscape development will be done before construction and will be continued during the time of construction also. Top soil will be stored and reused for Landscape development. 4.3.1.2 LAND USE The construction of the proposed residential building would bring in certain immediate changes in the land use pattern of the area as well as in the vicinity. The construction activities would attract a sizable labour population and the influx of population (skilled and semi-skilled labours) is likely to be associated within the site premises. This however, would be temporary, especially during construction phase only. 4.3.1.3 NATURAL DRAINAGE SYSTEM As per the site scenario project site is sloping form South to North direction with a contour level difference of 10.0 m. Minor alterations will be happened to the natural sloping pattern during site clearance which is unavoidable. However, the natural hydrology of the area is not altered as C4 Page 5
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES the runoff from the project will be managed within the site and used for ground water recharge. Hence does not affect the natural flow of storm water. 4.3.2 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT The impact causing activities during the construction phase on air environment are leveling of site, demolition work if any, construction and erection of buildings etc., and associated equipments in operation. Apart from this, the activities also include dismantling of unwanted existing structures, site clearance, storage and haulage of construction materials and disposal of surplus earth, debris and refuse. Air pollution due to the proposed project activities will mainly include gaseous pollution (SO X, NO X and CO) and suspended particulate matter. The sources of air emissions during construction phase will include site clearing, emission from vehicles used for transportation of man and material to the site, emission from DG sets and from construction equipments. These emissions are expected to have temporary adverse impact on the ambient air quality of the surroundings of the construction site only during the construction phase. Traffic at the site during construction will be more intensive and much heavier than normal operating conditions. In turn, it will subject roads to more stress. The prevailing soil surface particles within the proposed plant area shall have a tendency to become airborne by vehicular tyres once the area is disturbed by construction activities. This dust will lead to an increase in the background SPM concentration of the area. The building material carrying vehicles as well as the construction machineries generate emissions and pollute the environment. Dusts include brick and silica dusts, wood dust from joinery and other wood works and from earth moving and other vehicular movements within the site. Construction machineries pose a special threat to air quality. It is estimated that construction machineries emit toxic pollutants and are sources of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5, which lodges deeply in the human lung). The list of construction equipments used and the emission details of the same are dealt in Chapter - 2. Detailed baseline study has been conducted for the air environment parameters and the same are recorded in the Chapter - 3. MITIGATION MEASURES To mitigate these impacts, regular sprinkling of water will be done at the construction site. Approach roads will be black carpeted/asphalted and this will help to reduce the fugitive emissions. The vehicles, which are involved in construction activity, will be kept in good condition C4 Page 6
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES to minimize automobile exhaust. Vehicle carrying materials will be covered with tarpaulin to avoid dust generation. Barricades of sufficient height will be provided to avoid construction dust to travel outside the site premises. 4.3.3 IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT The sources of noise during construction phase are: Construction Equipments Vehicular Movements DG Sets for power back up The major source of noise during construction phase are due to vehicular traffic and operation of construction equipments like Dozers, Scrapers, Concrete Mixers, Pneumatic Tools, Vibrators, etc. The operation of these equipments will generate noise ranging from 85 to 95 db (A) near the source. The noise produced during the construction will have significant impact on the ambient noise levels. The construction equipment may have high noise levels, which can affect the personnel who are operating the machines. These noises will be generated within the existing site boundary and will be transient in nature. MITIGATION MEASURES Use of proper Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) will mitigate any significant impact of the noise generated by such equipment. Less noisy equipments will be selected and used for construction wherever possible. Also, the utility of the noisy equipments will be restricted only during the day time; hence the impact on the neighborhood due to the activity will be negligible. Proper timely maintenance of construction equipments will reduce noise generation. Barricades will be provided all around the site to reduce impact of noise to the public. 4.3.4 IMPACT ON WATER ENVIRONMENT The average water requirement for the construction work is estimated to be around 55 cum/day for the duration of 5 years as estimated in Chapter - 2. This water is mainly drawn from external tanker water suppliers, hence there won t be any surface and ground water trapping for construction water requirement & there won t be any wastewater generation due to the construction activity. The domestic water requirement during construction phase is estimated to be about 7.5 cum/day and the source of water for this purpose is external tanker water. C4 Page 7
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES MITIGATION MEASURES The sewage generated from the labours is estimated to be about 6 cum/day and the same will be collected in a collection tank and will be lifted to BWSSB Sewage Treatment Plant through external agencies for further treatment. Wastewater generation due to construction activity is nil and generated domestic wastewater from construction labours will be managed properly, hence there won t be any adverse impact on ground and surface water during construction. 4.3.5 IMPACT ON ECOLOGY There is no interference of the project on Terrestrial Ecology. The initial construction works at the project site involves no significant land clearance, cutting of trees, filling and leveling. Some minor vegetation cover will be removed at the time of initial construction activities. So there will not be any major loss of vegetation during construction. And also the site is an unused land therefore there won t be any loss/effect on potential agricultural productive land. The species identified within the terrestrial study area are not endangered, rare or protected; in addition, they will not be affected by the project. The increased construction vehicular traffic coupled with higher noise levels due to various construction activities will drive away the fauna from the project site to the neighboring area. Therefore the impact of construction activities on terrestrial ecology will be negligible and mean while the project site will be extensively landscaped with the development of green belt consisting of variety of plant species which would enrich the ecology of the area and add to the aesthetics. The sewage generated from the laborers will be collected in a collection tank and from there it will be lifted to BWSSB Sewage Treatment Plant through external agencies for further treatment while, domestic solid wastes generated will be handed over to outside vendors for further processing. Care will be taken to see that the untreated wastes are not discharged on to the land. Hence there will be no major impacts on the ecology. 4.3.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT There will be employment generation to the local people during the construction phase, as a significant proportion of the labour force is likely to be sourced from local area. There will be employment opportunities for several skilled and unskilled workers in the area. Also, there will be migration of labour force from outside the study area during the construction phase and is likely to put some pressure on the local settlement and resources. However, this impact is envisaged to be marginal and a temporary phenomenon. C4 Page 8
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.3.7 SOLID WASTE AND ENVIRONMENT 4.3.7.1 CONSTRUCTION WASTES Construction wastes are the waste materials generated by the construction refurbishment of buildings and other structures. It mainly consists of earth, stones, concrete, bricks, lumber, roofing materials, plumbing materials, heating systems and electrical wires and parts of the general municipal waste stream. Characteristics of Construction Wastes: This category of waste is complex due to the different types of building materials being used. Generally it comprises of the following materials: Major Components: Cement concrete Bricks Cement plaster Steel (from RCC, door/window frames, roofing support, railings of staircase etc.) Rubble Stone (marble, granite, sand stone) Timber/wood (especially demolition of old buildings) Minor Components: Conduits (iron, plastic) Pipes (GI, iron plastic,) Electrical fixtures (copper/aluminium wiring, wooden baton, Bakelite/ plastic switches, wire insulation) Panels (Wooden, laminated) Other (glazed tiles, glass panes) Storage of Construction Waste: These wastes are best stored at source, i.e., at the point of generation. All attempts will be made to stick to the following measures. Construction wastes will be stored within the site itself. A proper screen will be provided wherever necessary so that the waste does not get scattered and does not become an eyesore. Attempts will be made to keep the waste segregated into different heaps as far as possible so that their further gradation and reuse is facilitated. C4 Page 9
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES Materials which can be reused at the same site for the purpose of construction, leveling, making road/ pavement etc. shall also be kept in separate heaps from those, which will be sold or land filled. Recycling and Reuse: The use of these materials basically depends on their separation and condition of the separated material. A majority of these materials are durable and therefore, have a high potential of reuse. It would however, be desirable to have quality standards for the recycled materials. Construction wastes can be used in the following manner: Reuse (at site) of bricks, stone slabs, timber, conduits, piping railings etc. will be done to a possible extent depending upon their condition. Concrete and masonry waste can be recycled by sorting, crushing and sieving into recycled aggregate. This recycled aggregate can be used to make concrete for road construction and building purposes. Sale / auction of materials which cannot be used at the site due to design constraint or change in design. Plastics, broken glass, scrap metal etc. can be used by recycling industries. Rubble, brick bats, broken plaster concrete pieces etc. can be used for building activity, such as, leveling under coat of lanes where the traffic does not constitute of heavy moving loads. Disposal: Being predominantly inert in nature, construction waste does not create chemical or biochemical pollution. Hence maximum effort should be made to reuse and recycle them as indicated above and same will act as mitigation measure. 4.4 IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE Depending upon the availability of the site details and impact characterization for the construction phase it is identified that, the construction phase impacts were low, short term and reversible. The construction activity will be restricted within the premises of the proposed plot only. Some of the mitigation measures adopted during the construction phase of the project are; During construction phase, operations such as leveling, transportation, construction works, etc. will be planned for most optimum schedule to reduce the impacts. C4 Page 10
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES Stockpiles of fine materials should be wetted or covered with tarpaulin during windy conditions. The dispersal of dust beyond the construction site will be reduced by erecting barricades around the site. Proper upkeep and maintenance of vehicles used for the purpose of transportation of construction materials will be made. Workers on the site should be issued with dust masks during dry and windy conditions. Emissions can be reduced to a large extent by reducing the speed of vehicles. Use of covering sheet should be done for construction trucks to prevent dust dispersion from the trucks. Wheel washing facility should be provided to reduce emission of fugitive dust generated by the movement of vehicles. Maintenance of DG sets should be such that the emissions shall comply with the norms notified by CPCB. Water will be sprinkled on construction site in order to suppress the dust. Sufficient vegetation will be retained at the construction site, since plants are good absorbers of Carbon dioxide. Cleaner fuel will be used for the construction vehicles. The construction activities will be carried out only during daytime in order to control noise pollution during night time. Construction activities will be scheduled to avoid breeding times for fauna or important recreation times for people. PPEs will be provided to workers at site and construction machinery will be maintained properly to check on noise and emission levels within the prescribed limits. The domestic wastewater will be collected in a collection tank and from there it will be lifted to BWSSB Sewage Treatment Plant through external agencies for further treatment. The excess excavated earth of construction and domestic solid waste will be segregated and will not be allowed to mix with the construction waste. The generated domestic solid waste from labors and workers will be collected and handed over to authorized vendors. C4 Page 11
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES The excavated earth will be made use for refilling and landscaping within the site premises. The domestic solid and liquid wastes generated during the construction phase shall be properly handled such that there will not be direct discharge of untreated effluent on the land or water. 4.5 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS DURING OPERATION PHASE As the Impacts during the operational phase are long-term in nature, the activities related to the operational phase are identified and the impacts due to the same have been assessed and quantified. The details on the impact of the project activity on each of the environmental attributes are discussed in subsequent sections. 4.5.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT 4.5.1.1 IMPACTS ON LAND USE PATTERN The total land requirement for the proposed project is about 15 Acres 37 Guntas. As per the Revised Master Plan - 2015, the project site is designated as Residential Main zone. The land has been converted from agricultural to residential purpose. Hence there won t be any adverse impacts on land use pattern. 4.5.1.2 IMPACTS ON SOIL The soil quality in and around the site is likely to be affected by the disposal of untreated sewage. However, as the sewage will be treated to meet the Urban Re-use standards stipulated by the KSPCB, no deterioration of soil quality is expected due to the utilization of the same for gardening. The generated solid waste will be collected separately as biodegradable and recyclables, stored in the storage yard. Biodegradable wastes will be processed in an Organic Waste Converter. And the recyclables would be given to the waste recyclers for further processing. Fuel for DG sets and waste oil from DG sets will be stored in leak proof containers on impervious floors. Hence, no significant impact on soil is envisaged during the operation phase. However, the project site will witness additional tree plantation in the form of green belt development during operation phase, such plantation will stabilize the soil and helps to recover from the adverse impacts of the construction phase. C4 Page 12
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.5.1.3 IMPACTS ON NATURAL DRAINAGE PATTERN As per the site scenario project site is sloping form South to North direction with a contour level difference of 10.0 m. Minor alterations will be happened to the natural sloping pattern during site clearance which is unavoidable. However, the natural hydrology of the area is not altered as the runoff from the project will be managed within the site and used for ground water recharge. Hence does not affect the natural flow of storm water. 4.5.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT The impact on air quality is assessed based on emissions from the proposed residential development. During the operation phase of the project, various daily activities may have impact on air environment and its parameters. Operation phase would involve emission from vehicular movement and diesel generators. The project is not significant with respect to air pollution problem as there is no continuous source of air pollution. DG sets are used purely as standby and shall be operated in case of power outage only. Further, adequate stack height as prescribed by KSPCB will be provided. The emissions from the operation of DG sets will be in compliance with Environment (Protection) Second Amendment Rules, 2002. Note: Table 4.4: DG set details and Emission Parameters of the Air Pollution Sources Stack Details DG Stack (12 nos. 750 KVA) No. of Stacks (DG Sets) 12 Stack height (m) 5.5 Stack top internal diameter (m) 0.3 Stack exit temperature (ºC) 87.4 Flow rate (cu.m/sec) 1.98 Stack exit velocity (m/sec) 28 NO X emission, in g/s 18.36 SPM emission, in g/s 0.6 HC emission, in g/s 2.64 CO emission, in g/s 6.96 SO 2 emission, in g/s 0.29 1. The emission rates are based on maximum permissible emission standards. C4 Page 13
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 2. The SO 2 emission rate is based on 0.035 % sulphur content in the fuel. It is considered that, 100% sulphur present in the fuel gets converted into SO 2 and emitted. 3. The stack height for DG sets is fixed based on the formula, H = 0.2*(kVA) 0.5 4.5.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT Impact on Water resources The total water requirement for the proposed project is 790 KLD which will be met from BWSSB. The wastewater generated to the amount of 711 KLD from the project will be treated to the urban reuse standards stipulated by KSPCB. The wastewater from the proposed project involves wastewater from pantry, wash rooms, etc. which will be treated to meet the urban reuse standards and will be used for secondary purposes such as flushing and gardening purposes. The total land available for greenbelt development is about 47,607.99 Sqmt (i.e. 77.76% of the Total site area). As per the granulometric analysis of the soil, the category of the soil can be identified as sandy silt. For such soil types, it has been estimated that nearly 207 m 3 /day of treated sewage can be applied on this soil. As the treated sewage generated for discharge from the project is around 785 m 3 /day, about 207 KLD will be used for gardening and about 265 KLD will be used for flushing and excess treated water about 313 KLD will be discharged to UGD. As the sewage will be treated to meet the urban reuse standards and the same would be reused, no adverse impact on ground and surface water is envisaged. Similarly, there will not be any impact on the ground water resources, as the water requirement of the proposed project will be sourced from BWSSB. 4.5.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 4.5.4.1 IMPACT ON NOISE LEVELS The noise impacts are analysed depending upon the people likely to be affected viz., people who are working near sources. People working near the source need damage risk threshold criteria for hearing, while the people who stay nearby need annoyance and psychological damage as the criteria for noise impact analysis. The noise levels in the work environment are compared with the standards prescribed by CPCB. 4.5.4.2 SOURCES OF NOISE The major noise generating units in a proposed plant will be mainly from utility section such as DG. However, DG is proposed as standby arrangement. Besides, it will be located in a closed and acoustically designed compartment (noise attenuating enclosure) hence no impact due to noise is envisaged. C4 Page 14
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.5.5 IMPACTS ON ECOLOGY The ambient air concentration of the pollutants SO x, NO x and PM released within the site are well below the prescribed NAAQS and the sewage generated is also treated and recycled in compliance with the prescribed standards, no adverse impact of air pollutants and wastewater on the ecology is envisaged. On the other hand, extensive plantation and landscaping within the site will enhance its existing ecological value. Proposed project is the development of a Residential Apartment which is presently surrounded with other commercial & residential projects and the same is expected in the future, therefore there won t be any adverse impact on the ecology. 4.5.6 IMPACTS ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS The proposed development is in a favorable position to generate and sustain stable levels of employment, wage levels, continued improvements in living standards and the quality of life in surrounding areas of the project. As the proposed project brings employment generation, both skilled and unskilled, it is obvious to assume that, all the economic activities in the project area would induce considerable improvement in the socio-economic levels of people. In the occupational phases, the project will have a potentially positive impact on local economy and society. Additionally, it has an affirmative impact and induces development of other sectors like schools, colleges, health centers, recreational centers and so forth. The impact of the settlement is expected to be positive, as it raises the people s living standards, literacy rate, and working class of people and also generates indirect employment. 4.5.7 IMPACTS OF SOLID WASTE AND ENVIRONMENT Total quantity of Solid waste generation from the proposed project operation will be 2,390 kg/day. Out of this which 1,195 kg/day will be organic waste and 1,195kg/day will be inorganic/recyclable waste. Impacts of solid waste generated would be contamination of water, soil, land, and odour nuisance if not disposed properly. The solid waste generated from the project is collected separately from each building and separated as organic and recyclable waste in the respective bins provided within the building. Biodegradable/organic wastes will be processed in the proposed Organic Waste Converter. The recyclable portion like paper, plastics, glass, metals etc. will be given to the waste collectors for recycling and further processing. Hazardous wastes like waste oil generated from the DG sets C4 Page 15
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES will be stored in barrels and handed over to the authorized waste oil recyclers/processors & the generated E-Wastes will be handed over to the authorized & approved by KSPCB E-waste processors. 4.5.8 IMPACTS OF NATURAL HAZARDS There will be no impact of natural hazards on the proposed project, since the proposed project site comes under seismic zone II, which is a low damage risk zone. Hence possibility of any natural hazard and risk would be nil. Due to the susceptibility of the project area to natural hazard such as cyclones/ storm, flooding, earth quake, tsunami etc which would result on substantial damage and loss to the proposed project. Hence consideration must be given to these possibilities. Proper Emergency Response Plan, Action Plan and Disaster Management Plan should be followed in order to control any type of disaster from these natural hazards. 4.6 MITIGATION MEASURES DURING OPERATION PHASE 4.6.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT Impact on land use pattern from the proposed project is nil. However, a few mitigation measures will be adopted to prevent the impact on soil. Well planned landscape will be provided to avoid soil erosion. Regular inspections of drainage systems will be performed to ensure that the drains remain clear in order to safeguard against flooding. 4.6.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT Following are the few mitigation measures which will be adopted to prevent the impact on Air Environment. Use of low-sulfur fuels to DG sets in order to reduce emissions. DG will be used as stand-by unit and usage will be restricted and will be used only in case of power failure. Emissions from DG sets shall comply with emission norms notified by CPCB (NAAQS). Regular monitoring and maintenance of ambient air quality parameters will be done, which shall be within the norms notified by CPCB (NAAQS), in order to check the surrounding air quality. Speed limits will be set for vehicles in order to reduce airborne fugitive dust caused by vehicular traffic from the project. Greenbelt will be developed to a greater extent within the project site since plants are the good absorbers of CO 2. C4 Page 16
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES The vehicles used should have pollution under control certificate. 4.6.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT Following are the few mitigation measures which will be adopted to prevent impacts on Water Environment. The sewage generated during operation phase will be treated in a STP and the treated water quality shall conform to the standards laid by KSPCB. Provision of dual piping system will be made in order to utilize the treated sewage water for non-potable purposes such as flushing and for landscaping etc. Installation of flow meters at water inlet points in order to monitor the consumption of water as per water Cess Act 1977. Water efficient fixture units which consume less amount of water compared to conventional type of units will be used. STP treated water will be subjected to regular analysis before using it for secondary purposes, which should comply with the KSPCB standards. Rain water harvesting system with recharge pits will be adopted and the roof rain water will be reused to the maximum extent to reduce the consumption of fresh water considerably. Proper maintenance of sewer and storm water drainage system will be ensured. Table 4.5: Quality of treated sewage for urban reuse Parameters Standards ph 6.0-8.5 BOD 5 mg/l <10 COD mg/l < 250 SS mg/l < 10 Turbidity, NTU < 2 E-Coli None Note: Urban reuse includes landscape irrigation, vehicle washing, toilet flushing, use in fire protection and commercial air conditioners. Environment. 4.6.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT Following few mitigation measures will be adopted to prevent the impact on Noise D.G. Sets with acoustic enclosure will be provided. Regular monitoring of noise level will be carried out and corrective measures will be incorporated to the concerned activity and machinery. Vehicles and machinery will be maintained properly. C4 Page 17
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES Sufficient green belt development will be done to help in reducing noise levels in the campus. 4.6.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Domestic solid wastes will be properly managed which comprises of organic and inorganic wastes. Since it is a residential apartment project majority of the waste comprises of organic fraction which will be converted in to compost through Organic Waste Converter and shall be used as manure. Generated inorganic wastes will be handed over to authorized recyclers for further processing. The container and bins used for collection of solid waste will be of closed type so that the waste is not exposed and thus the possibility of spreading of disease through flies and mosquitoes is minimized. Solid waste collection system will be properly supervised so that quick and regular removal of waste from the dustbin is practiced. Hazardous wastes like waste oil from DG sets, used batteries etc & E-Waste shall be handed over to KSPCB authorized waste recyclers for further processing. The sludge from STP shall be used as manure for landscaping. The DG oil/ fuel, used oil/ fuel shall be stored at designated places on impervious floor in a closed container. 4.6.6 OTHER CUMULATIVE MITIGATION MEASURES Following are the other cumulative mitigation measures will be adopted in the proposed project. Renewable energy will be used throughout the buildings, wherever possible and practical to do so. Plants for landscaping will be selected considering its local habitat and suitability. Preference will be given to feeding trees, trees of national interest, flowering trees and shrubs. Direct channeling of storm water in to surrounding lakes will be prevented. Public health and safety will be taken care of in the event of predictable events. Establish regulations and promote environmental awareness amongst the officials and visitors. E.g. using posters or signs. C4 Page 18
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES EMP cell will be established. 4.6.6.1 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT Vegetation is the natural extension of the soil ecosystem on a site. It can provide summer shade, wind protection, and a low-maintenance landscape that is adapted to the local environment. Unfortunately, the common practice is to remove the existing landscape cover and replace with a generic, water and maintenance-intensive lawn. It is proposed to develop a minimum 77.76% of the total site area as greenbelt area which amounts to about 47,607.99 m 2 (11.76 Acres) of total site area, as the total site area of the project is 15 Acres 37 Guntas. Most of the proposed trees in the design are indigenous trees and native type of trees. Some trees such as the Bage, Neem tree & Champa and palms have been added to the planting scheme for their aesthetic value. Annual budget of require amount shall be allocated for this purpose. The plantation schedule shall be completed within construction period of the project. Following approach will be adopted for Vegetation and Ground Management. It is planned to: Include an ecologically knowledgeable landscape architect as an integral member of the design team. Preserve existing vegetation, especially native plants and avoid fencing of property wherever possible to make landscape available to the community so as to increase project integration. Decrease paving and monoculture lawns. Avoid replacing mature trees with young seedlings. Protect existing plants during construction and delineate the drip line around trees and demark or fence off areas to avoid damage. Contain heavy equipment and stockpiling areas to predefined areas. Design new plantings as diverse communities of species will be adapted to the site. Plant native species of varying ages. Select vegetation that attracts wildlife. Avoid invasive species and monocultures (same species, same age). C4 Page 19
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES TABLE: 4.6 LIST OF SPECIES WITH NUMBERS FOR THE PROPOSED PROJECT Sl. No. Name of the Species Common name In Nos. 1. Albizia lebbeck Bage 25 2. Anthocephalus cadamba Krishna Cadamba tree 20 3. Azadiracta indica Neem tree 30 4. Annona squamosa Custard apple 26 5. Bauhinia varigata Basavanapada 24 6. Bixa orellana Rangumale 20 7. Eugenia jambolana Nerale tree 23 8. Legerstroemiaflos-reginae Hole dasavala 20 9. Michelia champak Champaka tree (Sampigemara) 25 10. Mangifera indica Mango tree 25 11. Millingtonia hortensis Akasha Mallige 20 12. Pongamia pinnata Honge mara 22 13. Saraca asoca Ashoka tree 20 Total 300 TABLE: 4.7 LIST OF PROPOSED SHRUBS & GROUND COVER Sl. No. Name of the Shrubs Ground Covers 1. Acalypha wilkesiana Alternanthera green 2. Allamanda yellow Bamboo grass veriegatted 3. Antigonon leptopus Belbergia 4. Cassia alata Cupeas purple 5. Hamelia patens Eranthemum nigram 6. Ixora coccinea Hemigraphis colorata 7. Murraya exotica Mentha spa 8. Nerium oleander Ocimum basilium 9. Pissonia alba Opiophogan green 10. Plumbago capensis Salvia officianalis C4 Page 20
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.6.6.2 STORM WATER MANAGEMENT As the project location is blessed with fairly good rainfall, it is planned to collect the storm water at different gradients of the location. There will be rainfall runoff from building roof-tops, roads and pavements and greenbelt area. Necessary provision will be made to collect the quantity of rainfall runoff during the most rainy day of season. Necessary Recharge pits at regular intervals have been envisaged. Rainwater Harvesting Facilities: As the growth of Bengaluru city is far ahead of the rate at which the water supply system is being upgraded, it becomes necessary to think of alternative source of water for the daily needs for secondary purposes like washing, gardening etc. In these lines, rain water harvesting is gaining importance and has been a part of building by-laws. The facility to be established for rainwater harvesting includes carriage (piping) system, pre-treatment unit (filtration) and a storage tank. Design details: Rational formula for calculating runoff = Q= (CIA) / 360 Q = Runoff in m 3 /sec I = Intensity of rainfall in mm/hr. A= Drainage area in hectares. C = Co efficient of run off as below Intensity of rain fall = 90 mm/ hr Runoff Coefficients: Roof top : 0.95 Landscape/Garden : 0.25 Drive Way : 0.75 Terrace Area Run-off: I = Intensity of rainfall : 90 mm/hr A = Drainage area in hectares : 0. 7621 C = Co efficient of runoff : 0.95 Q = Runoff = (CIA)/360= (0.95 X 90 X 0.7621)/360= 0.181 m 3 / sec Data assumed: Considering 15 min of rainfall = 0.181X 15 X 60 = 163 cum Roof rain water collection sump of capacity 165 cum will be provided and same will be used. C4 Page 21
CHAPTER IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES Total Run-off: Driveway: I = Intensity of rainfall : 90 mm /hr A = Drainage area in hectares : 3.5557 C = Co efficient of runoff : 0.75 Q = Runoff = (CIA)/360 = (0.75X 90 X 3.5557)/360= 0.666 m 3 /sec Total Run-off: Garden Area: I = Intensity of rainfall : 90 mm /hr A = Drainage area in hectares : 2.1267 C = Co efficient of runoff : 0.25 Q = Runoff = (CIA)/360 = (0.25 X 90 X 2.1267)/360= 0.132 m 3 /sec Therefore the total runoff from the site is: 0.666+0.132= 0.798 m 3 /sec Data assumed: Considering 15 min of rainfall = 0.798X 15 X 60 = 718 cum Therefore the total runoff from the site is: 718 cum Recharge pit calculation: Data assumed: Infiltration rate is 10 cms/hr = 0.10 m /hr Recharge pit of 1.2 m diameter is considered = 1.2 m Depth of pit is 3m Volume of recharge pit (Пxr²xh) = 3.39 cum Total number of percolation pits required: 718/3.39 = 211 Nos. Hence, 160 Nos. of recharge pits have been provided to recharge the ground water and excess will be routed to external storm water drain. C4 Page 22
CHAPTER - V SPECIFIC STUDIES 5.0 SPECIFIC STUDIES 5.1 GENERAL This chapter deals with the consideration of alternative site and alternative technologies to be used in building materials, in energy conservation and transport, which details the traffic impact study, and its management measures and other alternatives if any for the proposed project. The proposed project involves mainly two phases i.e. construction phase and operation phase. Since it is a Residential Apartment project, there will be general activities during construction phase and operation phase of the project; hence much alternative options do not exist. However, some of the optimum alternatives that can be applied for the proposed development are discussed in this chapter. 5.2 NEED OF ALTERNATIVES A good part of the world s energy is consumed by construction related projects. Building industry is dependent on endless supply of high quality materials and energy resources. Buildings on a global scale consume about 40 percent of the raw stone, gravel and sand, 40 percent of energy and 16 percent of the water each year. This result in depletion of non-renewable materials and resources, production of waste byproducts, release of pollutants and deterioration of the air, water, soils and the habitat that surrounds it. It is necessary that one should try to find various alternatives and what is environmentally best being preferred. Hence we are in a great need of saving energy consumption through the adoption of alternative technologies for the upcoming projects. 5.3 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 5.3.1 TRANSPORT Detailed study of Traffic impact, its management and mitigation measures proposed on this Residential Apartment project is enclosed in Chapter - 2. 5.3.2 BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES Use of building materials with low embodied energy and high strength are recommended as an alternative to the conventional building materials for the proposed project. The use of alternative materials and technologies will reduce the use of non-renewable resources thereby reducing the impact on natural resources and helps to conserve energy. C5 Page 1
CHAPTER - V SPECIFIC STUDIES Below mentioned building materials and technologies will be adopted based on the availability. 1. Walls: Brick and block products with waste and recycled contents such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, sewage sludge, waste wood fire, rice husk ash etc Concrete blocks made of sintered clays, PFA (pulverized fuel ash), lime or waste wood fiber Fly ash based light weight aerated concrete blocks. Fly ash, lime and gypsum made products; which can be used as a cementitious material for mortar/ plasters & for masonry blocks Use of Perforated bricks which saves clay, dry faster and require less fuel for burning 2. Roof: Use of light weight synthetic aggregates Pre-cast/ aerated cellular concrete roofing slabs 3. Openings Use of precast-thin-lintels Brick-on-edge-lintels Brick arch for lintels in place of RCC lintel Use of steel with a verified recycled content Use of Aluminium with a verified recycled content Use of Ferro-cement shutters Use of PVC doors & windows Use of Gypsum based board 4. Superstructure Use of Ferro cement Use of recycled aggregates Use of fly ash/ blast furnace slag concrete Light weight concrete Some of the other alternatives to be adopted are, Use of renewable timber metal frames for doors and windows. Building with large windows and chajjas overhangs to cutoff harsh sunlight to keep interior cooler. C5 Page 2
CHAPTER - V SPECIFIC STUDIES Medium size windows for better natural light and ventilation. Use of water efficient fixture units for plumbing works. Use of energy efficient lighting units. Reuse of construction wastes for road and hardscape formation within the site. Use of Excavated top soil for landscaping. Use of harvested rain water for secondary purposes. Proposal of Sewage Treatment Plant in order to treat the sewage generated within the campus. Use of STP treated water for toilet flushing and landscaping. Maximum setback is maintained for permitting free flow of air and maximum natural light for all inhabitants. Proposal of organic waste converter in order to process the organic wastes in to organic manure. Proposal of relevant fire safety as per NBC norms 5.3.3 ENERGY CONSERVATION There is a need to adopt energy efficient technologies for conservation of energy. The Proposed project is a Residential Development project and few energy conservation measures are adopted by using energy efficient devices and by harnessing solar energy and the details of power requirement and energy savings is given below. Power Requirement & Primary Source of Energy: Source : BESCOM Operational Phase : Energy requirement of 6,633 kva Transformers of 500 kva - 13 Nos. & 250 kva - 3 Nos. Energy Back Up: Construction Phase: DG set of 100 kva Capacity of 1 No. with fuel consumption of 21 l/hr Operation Phase : DG sets of 750 kva of 12 Nos. with fuel consumption is 1,885 l/hr C5 Page 3
CHAPTER - V SPECIFIC STUDIES Table 5.1: Energy Savings Details Sl. No. Description Savings in Lakh kwh units per Annum Savings in % 1. Power Savings through Solar Geyser 3.62 2.54 2. Power Savings through HF Ballast 5.37 3.77 3. Power Savings through Copper Wound Transformer 4.08 2.87 4. Power Savings through Provision for LED 18.98 13.33 5. Power Savings through Street Lighting 0.11 0.08 Total Energy Saved with above measures 32.16 22.58 Percentage of saving in energy 22.58% As the proposed project is a development of Residential Apartment. No walls are made of glass; wherein only windows have glazed doors. Clear glasses are used for the windows, which is of low emission & low solar heat gain characteristics. Details of thermal characteristics of the building are as below. Table 5.2: Thermal Characteristics of the Building Type of Construction U Values, in W/m 2 C Wall Area (Hollow Block Concrete, Single Skin, Outside Rendered, Inside 1.7 Plastered) Glazing, Single Glazing; Exposure South, Sheltered 3.97 Roof 1.25 5.4 ALTERNATIVE SITE No alternative sites were selected as the proposed project is a development of Residential Apartment and also the project site comes under Residential Main zone as per the Revised Master Plan of BDA- 2015. The location of the site is well situated with proper drainage and approach roads and power supply, transportation etc. and also sufficient land is available for the proposed development including landscape area. The development of the proposed project will be under taken as per applicable statutory guidelines and accordingly required statutory clearances will be obtained for the proposed development of the project. C5 Page 4
CHAPTER - V SPECIFIC STUDIES This particular site was selected by the proponent since: There is availability and easy accessibility of basic facilities like water, electricity, man power, fuel, raw materials etc. There is availability of workers in nearby places during construction as well as operation phase. There is availability of good communication and Transportation facilities. The proposed project site is around 10.4 km from Nayandahalli Railway Station and around 13.7 km from the Bengaluru city railway station and bus terminal, which is well connected with the other parts of the state. The proposed project site is around 50.9 km from Kempegowda International Airport. The project site is situated near Bengaluru city. No state and Interstate boundaries exist within the 10 km radial distance around the proposed project site. By considering all these criteria, the project site has been selected and hence there is no requirement of alternative site. C5 Page 5
CHAPTER - VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 6.1 INTRODUCTION Environmental Monitoring Program includes the technical aspects of monitoring and monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures (including measurement methodologies, frequency, location, data analysis, reporting schedules, emergency procedures, detailed budget and procurement schedules). The details include summary matrix of environmental monitoring covering location of monitoring stations, frequency of sampling, method of sampling analysis, parameters of monitoring and data evaluation during construction and operation stages; requirement of monitoring facilities; comparison with base line data and compliance to accepted norms & reporting system including plantation monitoring programme. An impact assessment study comprises of two main phases, in relation to that, Environmental Monitoring Program will be carried out in the same phases. They are: Assessment of the present Environmental condition, (Baseline) Prediction of the impact of future development Regular monitoring of environmental parameters is more important to assess the status of the environment during operation of the project. Baseline conditions will serve as an indicator for any deterioration in environmental conditions due to operations of the project. As the impact assessment study is carried out for a short period of time, the collected data cannot bring out all variations persuaded by the natural & human activities. Therefore, regular monitoring programme of the environmental parameters is essential to take into account the changes in the environmental quality. The objectives of monitoring are: To verify the results of the impact assessment study in particular with regard to new development. To follow the trend of critical parameters. To check or assess the efficiency of the controlling measures. To ensure that new parameters, other than those identified in the impact assessment study do not become critical through the commissioning of new development. To check the assumption made with regard to the development and to detect deviations in order to initiate necessary measures; and To establish a data base for future Impact assessment studies for new projects. The attributes, which merit regular monitoring, are specified underneath: C6 Page 1
CHAPTER - VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM Ambient air quality Ambient noise quality Water and waste water quality Greenbelt development The post project monitoring to be carried out at the project is discussed in the following sections. 6.2 MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE Regular monitoring of important and crucial environmental parameters is of immense importance to assess the status of environment during the operation phase of the project. With knowledge on baseline conditions, the monitoring programme can serve as an indicator for any deterioration in environmental condition due to the construction of residential building and its operation and suitable mitigatory steps could be taken in time to safeguard the environment. Monitoring is as important as that of control of pollution since the efficiency of control measures can only be determined by monitoring. The monitoring program would be comprehensive as suggested underneath. Environmental attributes should be monitored as given below: 6.2.1 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY Construction Phase: During the baseline study, i.e. before construction; air monitoring has been carried out at five locations including the project site. The remaining four locations are situated within 10 km from the project site. The results of the study are discussed in Chapter-3. Ambient air quality monitoring shall be carried out during the construction phase of the project. Once the construction activity starts, monitoring of the ambient air will be carried out once in three months at project site. The parameters to be monitored are PM 2.5 in μg/m 3, PM 10 in μg/m 3, Sulphur Dioxide (SO 2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2), Ozone, Lead, Carbon Monoxide, Ammonia, Benzene, Benzo (a) Pyrene (BaP), Arsenic, and Nickel. Operation Phase: Once the proposed Residential Apartment starts operating, regular monitoring of the ambient air, once in six months will be carried out at the site. C6 Page 2
CHAPTER - VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM The parameters to be monitored are PM 2.5 in μg/m 3, PM 10 in μg/m 3, Sulphur Dioxide (SO 2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2), Ozone, Lead, Carbon Monoxide, Ammonia, Benzene, Benzo (a) Pyrene (BaP), Arsenic, and Nickel. 6.2.2 AMBIENT NOISE QUALITY Construction Phase: During the baseline study, i.e. before construction; noise monitoring has been carried out at five locations; project site as well as another four different locations within the study area of 10 km and the results are discussed in Chapter-3. Noise emissions from vehicular movements and operation of various construction equipments shall be monitored during the construction phase. The frequency of monitoring will be once in three months at two locations within in the premises of the project site. Operation Phase: Ambient noise level within the project site will be monitored at two locations once in six months during the operation phase of the project in order to ensure that the noise levels are within the permissible limits prescribed by the Board. 6.2.3 WATER AND WASTEWATER QUALITY Construction Phase: During the baseline study, i.e. before construction; ground water quality analysis has been carried out at five locations; project site as well as another four different locations within the study area of 10 km and the results are discussed in Chapter-3. The surface water quality analysis has been carried out at one location and the results are discussed in Chapter-3. Once the construction is started, the groundwater quality analysis will be carried out once in three months within the project site. Physical, chemical and biological parameters will be monitored. Operation Phase: During the operation phase, ground water quality analysis will be carried out once in six months within the project site. Along with this, regular analysis (daily) of Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) treated water will be carried out for the following parameters, which will be maintained within the prescribed KSPCB limits. C6 Page 3
CHAPTER - VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM TABLE 6.1: QUALITY OF TREATED SEWAGE FOR URBAN REUSE Sl. No. Parameters Standards 1 ph 6-9 2 BOD 5 mg/l <10 3 COD mg/l <60 4 TSS mg/l <10 5 SS mg/l <30 6 E-Coli Nil 7 Res. Cl 2, mg/l 1 Note: urban reuse includes landscape irrigation, vehicle washing, toilet flushing and use in fire protection. 6.2.4 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT Construction Phase: Initial landscape development will be started during the construction phase itself, and landscape activities will be carried out on setback area, walk ways etc. Operation Phase: Once project starts operating, other landscape activities will be done and maintenance of the same will be carried out by the maintenance staff. Landscape maintenance activities include Fertilizer dosing Repotting Watering etc. 6.3 INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION In the proposed Residential Apartment project, infrastructure facility for environmental protection will be established. This cell shall be headed by a project manager supported by junior staff and maintenance staff; this cell will be framed to monitor the environmental status periodically in operation phase. Following Tables 6.2 and 6.3 depicts the list of equipments used; Test Methods and Monitoring Schedule for the Environmental Parameters. C6 Page 4
CHAPTER - VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM TABLE: 6.2. LIST OF EQUIPMENTS USED AND TEST METHOD Sl. No. Attributes Equipment Used Test Method 1. Ambient Air High Volume Air Sampler IS 5182 2. Ambient Noise Noise Dosimeter/Sound Level Meter Lab Method 3. Stack Monitoring Stack Monitoring kit IS 5182 4. Water (Ground & Surface) 5. Wastewater 6. Soil Chemical Microbiological Manually - Standard Procedure Manually- Standard Procedure Manually- Standard Procedure Manually- Standard Procedure IS 3025 IS 1622 IS 3025 Lab Method Sl. No. TABLE: 6.3. POST MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS Particulars I Air Quality 1. Stack Monitoring I DG stacks at project premises Monitoring frequency Once in three months Duration of monitoring As per the standard procedure 2. Ambient air quality Monitoring I Project premises Once in three months 24 hours Continuous Important monitoring parameters NO x, SO x, SPM PM 2.5 in μg/m 3, PM 10 in μg/m 3, NO 2, SO 2, ozone, Lead, Carbon Monoxide, Ammonia, Benzene, Benzo (a) pyrene (BaP) Particulate phase only, Arsenic, Nickel as per NAAQ Standards. II Water and Wastewater Quality 1 Water quality I Ground water at project site Once in three months Grab sample As per IS -10500 2 Wastewater quality I Raw Sewage Daily Composite ph, BOD 5, Turbidity, E-Coli, Res.Cl 2 II Treated sewage prior to Daily Composite ph, BOD 5, Turbidity, E-Coli, discharge Res.Cl 2 III Ambient Noise levels 1. Project premises in 2 Once in three months As per Ambient Noise Standards. locations Standards IV Greenbelt development 1. Project premises Continues Continues -- C6 Page 5
CHAPTER - VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 6.4 COST PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT The total cost involved in setting up of the proposed project is estimated to be about Rs. 228.50 Crores. It is proposed to invest about 1.75 Crores on pollution control & treatment, which includes setting up of STP, acoustic & stacks for DG sets, Rain water harvesting facilities, Organic Waste Converter, fire safety & protections and greenbelt development. The breakup of Environmental Management cost for the project is given in the Table - 6.4. TABLE: 6.4. COST TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES Sl. No. EMP Aspect Cost in Rs Capital Investment In Lakh 1. Sewage Treatment Plant 80.0 2. Rainwater harvesting facilities 35.5 3. Landscape development 5.0 4. Acoustic & Stacks for DG sets 24.0 5. Organic Waste Converter 5.0 Total 149.5 Operation Investment Lakh/ Annum 1. STP Maintenance 5.0 2. Landscape Maintenance 10.0 3. OWC Maintenance 4.0 4. EMP Cell 5.0 5. Environmental Monitoring-Air, Water, Noise 1.5 Total 25.5 C6 Page 6
CHAPTER - VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT PLAN RISK ASSESSMENT Risk assessment refers to identifying and evaluating hazards within the system. Risk assessment is the determination of quantitative or qualitative value of risk related to an actual situation and a recognized threat (also called hazard). Quantitative risk assessment requires calculation of two components of risk (R): the magnitude of the potential loss (L), and the probability (p) that the loss will occur. In all types of engineering of complex systems, sophisticated risk assessments are often made within safety engineering and reliability engineering when it concerns threats to life, environment or machine functioning. The purpose of risk assessment is: To ensure that potential safety problems are properly understood or not. To check whether the existing control measures (including emergency plans) are adequate or not. To determine the necessary actions required to reduce risks to a reasonable level. To prioritize unacceptable risks identified by the assessment and determine further action. RISK MANAGEMENT A Risk Management Plan was developed to address the risks identified in the risk assessment process. Risk management is a structural approach for managing uncertainty related to threat, a sequence of human activities including: risk assessment, strategies development to manage it, and mitigation of risk using managerial resources. The strategies include transferring of risk, avoiding the risk, reducing the negative effect of the risk. Steps in the risk management process Identification of risk in a selected domain of interest Planning the remainder of the process Mapping out the following: The social scope of risk management The identity and objectives of stake holders C7 Page 1
CHAPTER - VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES The basis upon which risks will be evaluated, constraints Defining a frame work for the activity and an agenda for identification Developing an analysis of risk involved in the process Mitigation of risks using available technological, human and organizational resources. The major risks identified due to the probable hazards in the project site during the construction and operation phase and the precautionary measures for the same as a part of emergency response plan are discussed in the below sections. Accident due to blasting (if any) Failure of machineries Working at heights Transport Vehicles Loading and unloading Hazards pertaining to fires in buildings Fire in diesel storage areas, garbage storage and disposal area Earthquakes LPG gas leak Flooding Electrical Accidents Spills Housekeeping Occupational Noise Exposure etc. SAFETY ASPECTS PROPOSED DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE AND OPERATION PHASE. DURING CONSTRUCTION: The project authorities must recognize the causes of safety hazards in construction site and establish programs, rules, regulations, guidelines and whatever else that might be necessary to reduce accidents. 1. Management: The management structure and responsibilities of the various members of the project team, whether based at site or elsewhere. Arrangements for the principal contractor to give directions and co-ordinate other contractors. C7 Page 2
CHAPTER - VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 2. Standard setting: The health and safety standards to which the project will be carried out. These may be set in terms of statutory requirements or higher standards that the client may require in particular circumstances. 3. Information for contractors: Means for informing contractors about risks to their health and safety arising from the environment in which the project is to be carried out and the construction work itself. 4. Selection procedures: Machinery and other plants supplied for common use will be properly selected, used and maintained; and the operator will be provided with proper training. 5. Communications and Co-operation: Communicating and passing the information between the project team, the designers, the planning supervisor, the principal contractor, other contractors, workers on site and others whose health and safety may be affected. 6. Information and training for people on site Arrangements need to be made by which the principle contractor will check that the people on site have been provided with: Health and Safety information Health and Safety training Information about the project (eg. relevant parts of the Health and Safety plan) SAFETY MEASURES FOR CONSTRUCTION WORKERS DURING CONSTRUCTION: The safety procedures, norms and guidelines (as applicable) as outlined in the document Part 7 - Constructional practices and safety, 2005, National Building Code of India; Bureau of Indian Standards shall be complied with. This includes: 1. Providing clean drinking water to all workers. 2. Providing adequate number of decentralized latrines and urinals to construction workers. 3. Guarding all parts of dangerous machinery. 4. Indicating precautions for working on machinery. 5. Maintaining hoists and lifts, lifting machines, chains, ropes, and other lifting tackles in good condition. C7 Page 3
CHAPTER - VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 6. Ensuring durable and reusable formwork systems to replace timber formwork along with proper maintenance of the same. 7. Ensuring sound construction of the walking surfaces or boards at height with safety rails or belts. 8. Providing Personal Protective Equipments such as helmets and ear plugs. 9. Providing measures to prevent fires and ensuring the provision of Fire extinguishers and buckets of sand in fire-prone area and elsewhere. 10. Providing sufficient and suitable light for working during night time. 11. Incorporating measures to protect workers from dangers and health hazards resulting from materials of construction, transportation and storage. 12. Conducting Mock up drills at regular intervals. 13. Employing Fire/Safety officer. DURING OPERATION: 1. Providing proper fire exit plan and well planned fire hydrant facilities. 2. Providing Fire Alarm systems in all the floors. 3. Providing smoke detectors in all the rooms and passages of every floor. 4. Providing portable fire extinguisher in all the floors. 5. Ensuring the display of Emergency Exit plan with Emergency contact numbers at various locations. 6. Providing training on handling emergency situations for residents. 7. Conducting mock up drills at regular intervals. 8. Marking clearly the safe assembly points and making the residents aware of it. 9. Storing the DG oil and waste oil in leak proof containers at designated locations. 10. Providing well - planned traffic movement and parking facilities to prevent accidents. 11. Ensuring proper maintenance of Sewage Treatment Plant and Solid waste management plan to prevent health hazards. 12. Ensuring the presence of onsite maintenance engineer and maintenance team during the operation phase. 13. Employing Fire/Safety officer. C7 Page 4
CHAPTER - VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.2 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN (DMP) As per Disaster Management Act, 2005 Disaster means a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence in any area, arising from natural or man-made causes, or by accidents or negligence which results in substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage to, and destruction of property, or damage to, or degradation of environment and is of such a nature or magnitude as to be beyond the coping capacity of the community of the affected areas. A disaster is an extreme disruption of the functioning of a society that causes widespread human, material or environmental losses that exceed the ability of the affected society to manage using only its own resources. The events such as earthquakes, floods, and landslides would become disasters when they result in damages to human life, properties or environment. It is also an unexpected event due to sudden failure of the system, external threats, internal disturbances, earth quakes, landslides, floods, fire and accidents etc. Disaster Management Plan is nothing but the preparedness in case of emergency situations in order to limit the impact of disaster events. Bengaluru and surrounding regions are considered to be low damage zones as far as Earthquake (Risk Zone-II), Flooding, Landslides and Cyclone are concerned (Source BMTPC Risk Zone Maps). However, in case of any eventual disasters, it is proposed to draw guidelines for reporting procedures, communication system and emergency action committee as follows: 1. Earthquake resistant structures as per the standards applicable for Risk Zone II. 2. Emergency action committee: To ensure co-ordinated action, an Emergency Action Committee shall be constituted to interact with: Police officer of the area Transport corporation representatives Home guard representative Department of information and publicity Nearest medical facilities 3. Safe route to be used, adequacy of transport for evacuation and traffic control. 4. Fire protection: The building materials would be of appropriate fire resistance standard. The fire resistance period would be at least 4 hours. Usage of wood will be minimum and restricted only for door panels and shall not be used for any other purposes, excluding artificial wood products, which are flame - resistant. C7 Page 5
CHAPTER - VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES The extent of damage would be reduced by proper emergency response by the inhabitants. Awareness programs shall be organized to educate the officials in general and train the members of emergency response group. Precautions: Once the likelihood of the disaster is suspected, preventive actions should be undertaken by the project in-charge. Conditional maintenance of equipments, materials, and expertise for use during emergency. The electrical systems shall be provided with automatic circuit breakers activated by over current. Fire extinguishers are provided at pre-notified locations. Proper escape routes are planned and displayed in the public domain. Selected representatives are given proper training to guide other inhabitants during fire accidents. Periodic awareness programme will be conducted for the residents on their roles during emergency situations. Important telephone numbers including numbers of police authorities, fire department and hospitals etc. of use during emergency situations are made available. 7.3 NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION Following resource conservation measures will be adopted during construction as well as operation. DURING CONSTRUCTION: Water requirement of construction will be minimized by using the ready mix concrete and other curing agents. Generated construction debris will be reused within the site for internal roads and walk way formation. Excavated topsoil will be conserved and reused for Landscaping within the site. Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan will be proposed, accordingly the storm water will be conserved through construction of catch pits and the same has been used for construction activities. Temporary seeding such as planting of fast growing grasses will be done to hold down the soils in disturbed areas so that they are less apt to be carried offsite by storm water runoff or wind. C7 Page 6
CHAPTER - VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES Permanent seeding such as planting of permanent vegetation (grass, trees or shrubs) will be done to stabilize the soil by holding soil particles in place. Mulching - placement of material such as hay, grass, woodchips, straw or gravel on the soil surface to cover and hold in place the disturbed soils. Building materials of low embodied energy and high strength are recommended as an alternative to the conventional building material. Optimal transportation routes will be suggested for construction vehicles. Compensatory Landscape will be done towards site clearance. DURING OPERATION: Fresh water requirement of the project will be minimized by using treated water for flushing and gardening. Generated STP sludge will be used as manure for landscaping. Usage of energy will be minimized by using energy efficient devices and controllers. Solar lightings will be incorporated. Generated organic waste will be processed in an Organic Waste Converter and manure will be used for landscaping. Utilization of DG sets will be restricted and will be used only during power failure, hence minimizing fuel requirement. Roof rain water will be collected and the same will be used for domestic purposes. Runoff from landscape and Hardscape will be routed into recharge pits for recharging ground water. Extensive landscape will be done within the project site. 7.4 PUBLIC CONSULTATION The proposed project is a development of Residential Apartment, as per the EIA Notification 2006, the proposed project comes under item 8 (b) i.e area development project with a built up area 1,50,000 sq mts and excluded from public consultation, hence public consultation is not required for the proposed project. Note: As per the EIA Notification 2006, Pubic Consultation is required only in case of following conditions, If the proposed project comes under Specific or General Conditions as specified by MoEFCC. If the proposed project comes under area requiring special considerations. If the proposed project comes under Category A & Category B1 excluding all Building / Construction projects/ Area Development projects and Townships (item 8). C7 Page 7
CHAPTER - VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.5 RESETTLEMENT & REHABITATION (R&R) ACTION PLAN Proposed project is a development of Residential Apartment. As per the Revised Master Plan of BDA-2015, the project site is designated as Residential Main Zone, and also land has been converted from agricultural to residential purpose. As of now, in the project site there is no habitation/human settlement, therefore there won t be any rehabilitation & resettlement. Hence there is no need of rehabilitation & resettlement (R & R) action plan for the proposed project. C7 Page 8
CHAPTER - VIII PROJECT BENIFITS 8. PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 GENERAL The upcoming proposed project will bring overall improvement in the locality, neighborhood and to the state by bringing industry, roads, water supply, drainage facility, power supply, employment for skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled labour, thereby uplifting the living standards of local communities and economic growth as well as stimulating the growth in small and medium scale industries like residential developments, hotels, shopping complexes, retail shops, health centers, educational institutes, recreational centers etc., Bengaluru is known as the Silicon Valley of India as well as IT Hub of Asia because of the large number of information technology companies located in the city. With the unparalleled increment of the IT sector in Karnataka capital, the demand has increased for both commercial and residential real estate in the destination of the city and its nearby area. This rise in demand will be considerably fulfilled by the proposed development and would be beneficial in reducing the demand of residential dwellings in the city. Bengaluru has an advantage due to the accessibility by all means of transportation systems. It has well connected roads, rail and air. As the project accommodates office population, there will be a positive change in the existing demographic pattern. In operation phase, the proposed project would require significant workforce of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled labours, improvement of personnel with better education and professional experience will result in increase of literacy in the locality and in the surrounding villages. 8.2 IMPROVEMENT IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE Bengaluru is known as the Silicon Valley of India because of its position as the nation's leading IT exporter. A demographically diverse city, Bengaluru is a major economic hub and the second fastest growing major metropolis in India. The beneficial impact of the proposed project on the civic amenities will be substantial after the commencement of project activities. The basic requirement of the community needs will be strengthened by extending healthcare, educational facilities to the community, building/strengthening of existing roads in the area, providing water with drainage system, power supply, transportation facility etc. Proposed Residential apartment project will initiate the above 1
CHAPTER - VIII PROJECT BENIFITS amenities either by providing or by improving the existing facilities in the area, which will help in uplifting the living standards of the local communities. Physical infrastructure includes the necessary infrastructural & technological facilities available in the locality for project operation. Proposed residential apartment is a new project which includes modernized technologies and infrastructural facilities like transportation, power connections, communication facilities, water supply and drainage facilities, internal drive way cum parking facility, landscape, rain water harvesting, solid waste management and usage of solar energy etc. which will enhance the existing infrastructure and stimulates similar developments in the locality. The construction of new roads/strengthening of existing roads in the project area and in the surroundings will enhance the transportation facilities. Roads will be laid to facilitate the movement of materials and equipment during construction and operation of the units. However, permanent roads would be built on the basis of plant layout. With improved transportation facilities there is always a scope for development. TRANSPORTATION The major mass transportation in Bengaluru is through buses; Buses are operated by Bengaluru Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) and are an important means of public transport available in the city and are highly reliable. As the road connectivity improves, passengers will use transport vehicles like maxi cabs, cars and Auto Rickshaws and the number of vehicles will also increase simultaneously. This is the healthy trend of a growing city. Railways and airlines are also located near the project area which makes the conveyance easy to the public. The proposed project will create demand on the existing transportation infrastructure and stimulates for new developments and also generates economic benefits to these sectors. WATER SUPPLY & DRAINAGE SYSTEM Water supply to Bengaluru city is majorly sourced from BWS&SB. Water requirement for the proposed project will also be sourced from BWS&SB. Water supply line and drainage facilities has been provided in the project area, which will help for the proposed project as well as for other upcoming projects. With this, the proposed project will enhance the requirement and maintenance of water supply and drainage system. The study area is well connected with drainage system; and well planned storm water management is proposed. i.e., storm water drains would be provided all along the boundary of the site. They would be adequately sized to prevent over flooding of the site. The storm water collection 2
CHAPTER - VIII PROJECT BENIFITS system will be designed in such a manner so that clean storm water from garden, parking areas, roadways and lawns will be used for recharging the ground water through recharge pits. POWER SUPPLY The main power supply for Bengaluru city is sourced from BESCOM. Electricity is supplied from BESCOM for various needs such as domestic utilities, industrial establishments and agricultural requirements etc. The study area is well connected with electricity supply network. The required Electricity for our proposed project will be sourced from BESCOM and it will enhance the demand of requirement and maintenance of the same. The total electrical load required for this project is 6,633 kva. As a separate electric line will be laid down to this project, there will not be any impact observed on the competitive users as far as power consumptions is considered. MISCELLANEOUS Almost all the basic civic amenities like Phone lines, post offices, electric poles, sewer lines etc. are provided in the project surroundings. INDUSTRIAL SCENARIO Bengaluru is home to many well-recognized colleges and research institutions in India. Numerous public sectors, heavy industries, software companies, aerospace, telecommunications, defense organizations are located in the city. Bengaluru is a hub for biotechnology related industry and IT sector in India. Major information technology (IT) Companies such as Infosys, Cognizant, Wipro, igate, Tata Consultancy Services, Accenture, Nokia Siemens Networks and US based companies like Texas Instruments, Google, IBM, Hewlett-Packard, Honeywell, Yahoo, Oracle, Cisco, GE, Microsoft, Intuit and Intel have their research and development centers along with their corporate offices in Bengaluru. The proposed project will create the demand on the existing structure and stimulates economic benefits to these sectors. 8.3 IMPROVEMENT IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE Due to proposed project activity, social Infrastructure will improve by means of Civilization, standard of living, education, Vocational Training, and Basic Amenities. Additional benefits like healthcare, educational facilities to the community, community hall, sports centers, recreational 3
CHAPTER - VIII PROJECT BENIFITS centers, industrial developments, shopping malls, public services etc. will be arrived from the proposed project in the surrounding area. Better education facilities, proper health care, road infrastructure and drinking water facilities are basic social amenities for better working standard of human beings. Proposed project will further increase the above amenities directly/indirectly either by providing or by improving the existing facilities in the area, which will help in uplifting the living standards of local communities. Due to this project development adaptation of new technologies and other infrastructural facilities will improve which will indirectly boost the civilization of the surrounding people. EDUCATION Education is an essential element of human development. It plays a major role in improving economic opportunities for people and enhancing their quality of life by building capabilities, enhancing skill levels and providing more productive employment. The study region is well placed which is having adequate infrastructure facilities for education. Number of pre-primary, primary, middle, secondary and senior secondary schools exists in the area. There are also numerous professional institutions and other institutions offering specialized courses relevant to the present day job market. With the increase in demand, more growth in educational infrastructure will likely to come up in the project area. The proposed project will create the demand on educational institutes which enhances skill power, quality of life & standard of living. HEALTH CENTERS The project area is in an advantageous position in terms of healthcare infrastructure. Many general/intermediate hospitals, polyclinics, nursing homes exist in the area. Many more government and private healthcare facilities may develop in the project area due to this proposed project. BANKING Productive activities are mostly represented by agriculture and industry. Organized and unorganized banking and other credit agencies including the government agencies help production by assisting capital formation and its channelization for various productive activities. Being an industrially hyperactive region, the financial needs in the project area is sufficiently served by the vibrant Banking institutes. Besides almost all the nationalized banks and local cooperative banks, numerous multinational banks have also been rendering services over the region, hence it: 4
CHAPTER - VIII PROJECT BENIFITS Provides Foreign exchange earning to the destination country. Helps in raising the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of the country. Increases revenue to the country by way of royalty, taxes and duties. Additional benefits that could be arrived from the proposed project are: Increase in demand for other sectors like commercial and retails. Further development of small and medium scale industries may. Increased revenue to the state by way of royalty, taxes and duties. Increased job opportunities which in turn attract more number of people. Increased Infrastructural development. Improves the living condition of the citizens of the country. Provides opportunities for cultural exchange. 8.4 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL As the proposed project generates employment for skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled labours, it is obvious to assume that all the economic activities in the project area would induce considerable improvement in the socio-economic levels of people. The impact of human settlement is expected to be positive. Some people get directly employed and many others will get indirect employment. The employment of local people in primary and secondary sectors of the project shall upgrade the prosperity of the region. This in turn will improve the socio-economic conditions of the area. DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE The project will provide temporary employment to many unskilled and semi- skilled laborers in the nearby villages. This project will also help in generating indirect employment opportunities to those people who render their services for the personal directly working in the project. The duration of the proposed project is around five years. 250 coolies may be required during the construction phase. The project will fulfill the job requirements for all kinds of people in various sectors thereby increasing the employment opportunities and living standards. DURING OPERATION PHASE The impact of the project on the economic aspects can be clearly observed. The activities of the proposed project will provide employment to persons of different skills and trades. Preference 5
CHAPTER - VIII PROJECT BENIFITS will be given to the local population for employment. The employment potential will ameliorate economic conditions of these families directly and provide employment to many other families indirectly who are involved in business and service oriented activities. During operation phase, considerable number of people will be benefited by provision of services to the residents and some people will be retained as permanent employees after the construction phase. 8.5 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS Infrastructure development plays a very important role in the process of regional inversion. It provides a platform upon which the phenomena supporting regional inversion depend. The sponsor of the project is the best person to identify the benefits. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) The project is a development of Residential apartment; comprising 1,119 Nos. of units and a Club House in 6 blocks comprising of 12 towers and a club house along with other facilities like back up power supply through DG Sets, security arrangement totally enclosed compound, excellent landscaping etc. Some of the social responsibilities in concern with the proposed development: With respect to Prestige Group, Prestige engage in a variety of activities that help man coexist with nature, such as employing local talent, help to conserve the environment and ecology thereby minimizing the adverse effects of the project activity on the locality, its surroundings and an Environment. Employment To encourage local talent, will increase local employment opportunities and thus will improve the local economy. Recycling process Wastewater from the proposed project as well as from other projects will be treated and reused for flushing, landscaping and gardening. STP sludge will be reused as manure for landscaping. 6
CHAPTER - VIII PROJECT BENIFITS Rain water harvesting All the Prestige properties have rain water harvesting systems in place to provide supplemental water for their requirements, to increase soil moisture levels, and improve ground water table levels. Green Belt Development All the Prestige properties will have a well-planned Landscape, which will enhance the beauty of the aesthetics and were committed to delivering environmental-friendly quality buildings with state-of-the-art technology. Use of Renewable Resources All the Prestige projects will make use of renewable source of energy like solar street lights, solar heater etc, which will conserve the energy and reduces the load on the project. Road & Drainage All the Prestige properties will have well planned internal road and drive way facilities as well as internal drainage systems, which will improve the better management and maintenance. Sewage treatment plant All the Prestige properties will have well planned STP facilities of adopting efficient cum advanced technologies, which improve the sanitation facilities and reduces the load on fresh water requirement. Education Prestige has been setting up Crèche and imparting education to the workers children at every worksite, encourages workers to send their children to school. While helping them carve a better future for themselves, they also ensure to provide mid-day meals to the children. Along with the above, Prestige have always been on the lookout of conducting CSR activities which directly make a benefit on society. Some of such initiative that took up from Prestige Groups is Construction of government school class rooms Distribution of books, furniture s to government schools Supporting some of the NGO s to benefit the poor children s health & education (i.e Akshya Pathra of ISCKON, Parikrama & Smile Foundation) Sufficient funds will be allotted for CSR with reference to this project. 7
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.1 INTRODUCTION The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is aimed at mitigating the possible adverse impacts of a project and ensuring the existing environmental quality. The EMP converse all aspects of planning, construction and operation of the project relevant to the environment. It is essential to implement the EMP right from the planning stage continuing throughout the construction and operation stage. Therefore the main purpose of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is to identify the project specific activities that would have to be considered for significant adverse impacts and the mitigation measures required. The identification and characterization of the impacts has been presented in Chapter - 4 which deals with impact assessment. It has been evaluated that the project area will not be affected significantly due to the proposed project. Mitigation measures at the source level and an overall management plan at the site level are elicited so as to improve the surrounding environment. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is the road map for implementing mitigation measures to prevent the impacts arising from a particular project. The construction phase impacts are mostly short term, restricted to the plot area and are not envisaged on a larger scale. In the operational phase the environmental impacts are due to continuous operation of the project, hence, the emphasis in the Environment Management Plan (EMP) is to minimize such impacts. The following mitigation measures are recommended in order to synchronize the economic development of the project area along with environmental protection of the region. The emphasis on the EMP development is on the following: Formulating mitigation measures for each of the activities causing the environmental impact. Incorporating monitoring plans for checking activities and environmental parameters and monitoring responsibilities. Role responsibilities and resource allocation for monitoring; and Implementation of the scheduled plan. Environmental Management Plan has been discussed in the following sections separately for Construction and Operation phases. C9 Page 1
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.2 EMP DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE The Environmental Management Plan of the construction phase is one of the most important documents for managing and monitoring the environmental impacts of a construction activity. The EMP describes the proposed measures to be implemented to help, achieve and maintain acceptable levels of environmental impact. Proponents will ensure that the relevant employees are fully cognizant of and abide by the Environmental Management Plan. In order to measure the performance of our Environmental management system, the following environmental goals have been stated for the project implementation. Providing training for the employees in regarding environmentally relevant activities of the environmental management system. Reducing the permissible construction noise at the construction sites. Reducing lost-time accidents at the construction sites. Preventing environmental incidents at the construction sites. Implementation of project procedure for environmental requirements. 9.2.1. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of the Environmental Management Plan is to limit the amount of generated construction wastes initially by requiring all sub-contractors and material suppliers to limit the quantities of materials and to supply only the required materials which are necessary for the project. The secondary objective is to divert 50 to 75% of the total wastes on this jobsite from area landfills at no cost premium to the project. Every effort will be made to limit, separate, sort, collect and properly dispose off the construction waste materials generated on this project site during the construction phase. EMP includes the following management programs for the construction activities, which need to be monitored and managed during its construction phase. 9.2.2. ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS TRAINING PRIOR TO COMMENCING WORK The proponent shall ensure that all construction personnel, including senior site staff, subcontractors and suppliers, etc attend an environmental awareness information session prior to commencing work on site. Additional staff, sub-contractors and suppliers coming onto the site must be made aware of the requirements of the EMP. C9 Page 2
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.2.3. DEMARCATION OF THE SITE The site here refers to all areas required for construction purpose. The proponent shall demarcate the boundaries of inner limits of the site. Netting should be provided to prevent building materials from falling. The proponent shall maintain the demarcation line and ensure that materials used for construction site do not blow on or move outside the site or pose threat to flora or fauna of that area. 9.2.4. LEVELING AND SITE CLEARANCE Clearing of vegetation to allow for site establishment as well as construction purposes will sometimes be required. Vegetation can be cleared mechanically with a bulldozer, but should be cleared by hand on other areas. All alien vegetation shall be eradicated from the site during site preparation. Indigenous vegetation that does not pose any risk to the operation of the project upon completion of the contract should be retained for aesthetical purposes. Such vegetation shall be identified during design and clearly indicated on the site plans. Protected or endangered species of plants shall be retained wherever possible. At present, the project site consists of few shrubs. These will be cleared during site preparation. Other than this the proposed site is a vacant land. Project site has a level difference of 10.0 m, so levelling and excavation will be done for basement preparation and it will be restricted to minimize excavation. C9 Page 3
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE 9.1: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING LEVELLING AND SITE CLEARANCE Environmental Mitigation Remarks Impacts Noise generation: Caused due to Excavators and Bulldozers Dust generation: Leveling operations results in the emission of the dust. Most optimum no. of operation by heavy equipments. Selection of equipment with less noise generation. The earth moving equipments shall be periodically checked and maintained for noise levels. The workers shall be provided with adequate PPEs such as ear plugs to reduce impact of high noise levels. The site cleared shall be periodically watered to reduce emission of dust particles. Compound wall will be provided around the project site. Barricades like metal sheets should be provided all round the premises to avoid fugitive dust emission in to the neighbouring area apart from water sprinkling. The workers shall be provided with PPEs such as nose masks and goggles to reduce impact on health. To reduce noise level, Equipment provided with noise control devices is only used. The construction water requirement will be sourced from external authorized suppliers. 9.2.5. TRANSPORTATION OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS During the transportation of construction materials, minimum number of vehicles will be used. Most optimum route will be planned to reduce the impact of transportation activity on the environment. The proponent shall ensure that all suppliers and their delivery drivers are aware of procedures and restrictions in terms of this EMP. C9 Page 4
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE 9.2: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING TRANSPORTATION Environmental Impacts Mitigation Noise generation Quality fuel is used. Periodic maintenance of vehicles will be done. Dust generation Quality packaging of the construction materials will be ensured. Construction materials shall be covered with tarpaulin sheets to prevent the material from being air borne. Material shall be appropriately secured to ensure safe passage between destinations during transportation. The vehicle speed shall be regulated. The workers transporting materials shall be provided with PPEs such as nose masks to reduce impact of air borne dust on their health. Wheel washing facility shall be provided for all the vehicles entering the site and leaving from site. Vehicular Periodic emission check will be done for the vehicles. emissions Clean fuel shall be used for vehicles. 9.2.6. CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES CEMENT AND CONCRETE MIXING Unused cement bags shall be stored in a safe area where runoff can t enter. Used (empty) cement bags shall be collected and stored in weatherproof containers to prevent windblown cement dust and water contamination. Concrete mixing shall not be done directly on the ground and shall take place on impermeable surfaces. All excess concrete shall be removed from site on completion of concrete works and will be disposed off at an appropriate disposal site. Wastewater generated from washing of concrete mixer shall be properly disposed to drainage. During the construction work, the following impacts are identified to monitor and mitigate the level of impact. C9 Page 5
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE 9.3: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION Environmental impacts Mitigation Remarks Noise generation Selection of Less noise generating equipment. Personnel Protective Equipments (PPEs) such as ear plugs and helmets shall be provided for Implementation responsibility: Contractor construction workers. The working hours shall be imposed on construction workers. Dust generation PPEs in such as nose masks and goggles shall be provided for construction workers. Use of water sprays to prevent the dust from being Implementation responsibility: Contractor air borne. Barricades like metal sheets should be provided all around the premises to avoid fugitive dust emissions into the neighboring area apart from water sprinkling. Water Discharge from construction Sewage generated from the workers will be collected in a collection tank and will be lifted to Implementation responsibility: works BWSSB Sewage Treatment Plant through Contractor authorized agencies for further treatment. Air Emissions from Construction machinery which be checked Implementation construction machinery periodically for emissions and regular maintenance of the same will be done. Clean fuel shall be used in equipments. responsibility: Contractor 9.2.7. NOISE POLLUTION & CONTROL Noise will be generated by construction activities such as vehicular movement, hammering, drilling, cement concrete mixing, welding etc. The proponent shall take all reasonable measures to minimize noise disturbance as a result of construction activities. These measures must comply with rules and regulations of the concerned Board and shall be limited to daylight hours. Following are the control measures for mitigating noise pollution: Selection of less noise generating equipments. C9 Page 6
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Provision of Personnel Protective Equipments (PPEs) such as ear plugs and helmets to the construction workers. Using quality fuel for vehicles. Ensuring periodic maintenance of the vehicles. 9.2.8. DUST POLLUTION & CONTROL Dust will be generated by construction activities such as excavation, filling, mixing, hammering, drilling, cutting, vehicular movements etc; the proponent shall take all reasonable measures to minimize the generation of dust as a result of construction activities. Following control measures shall be used for dust suppression: Covering the material loads during transportation. Sprinkling of water on the materials during transportation particularly in dry and windy season. Implementing speed controllers to construction vehicles. Minimizing haul distances. Providing wheel washing facility for all the vehicles. 9.2.9. SOIL EROSION & SEDIMENTATION AND ITS CONTROL Construction activities such as earthmoving operations disturb land areas, affect the surrounding air and generate noise and vibration. During construction phase, a range of activities on the construction site has the potential to pollute surface water and these include earthworks, and construction works etc, that result in erosion and sedimentation. This erosion may result in a significant increase in sediment loads to receiving waters. Sediment, which results from the excessive erosion of disturbed soils, is the main source of pollution. Following control measures shall be used for mitigating soil erosion and sedimentation: Prior to construction, care shall be taken to keep vegetation clearing at a minimum. Re-vegetation will be done at the construction site during and after construction since it is the most effective way to permanently control erosion. Using various mulching techniques in erosion control such as use of straw, wood chips or stone mulches. Mulching is used primarily to reduce the impact of rainfall on bare soil, to retain soil moisture, to reduce runoff, and often to protect seeded slopes. During construction, the proponent shall protect all areas susceptible to erosion by installing necessary temporary and permanent drainage works as soon as possible and by C9 Page 7
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN taking any other measures necessary to prevent storm water from concentrating in streams and scouring slopes, banks, etc. 9.2.10. MATERIALS HANDLING AND STORAGE FUEL STORAGE During construction, the fuels required for use shall be stored in a central depot at the construction camp in a location agreed upon by the concerned authority. The proponent shall take all the necessary precautions to prevent fires or spills at the fuel stores. Following precautions will be taken during fuel storage: Tanks containing fuels shall have lid and shall remain firmly shut. Gas and liquid fuel shall not be stored in the same storage area. Smoking will not be allowed inside the stores and within 3m of the storage boundary. The proponent shall ensure that there are adequate fire-fighting equipments at the fuel stores. LUBRICANT STORAGE Lubricants will be stored in drums or tins that are either sealed or are having caps that fit tightly. Decanting of lubricants must be carried out in a specific area that has been previously identified and suitably protected. Lubricants shall be stored under cover in a no smoking area and all lubricant impregnate cotton waste and rags shall be promptly disposed off and handled as hazardous waste. 9.2.11. WASTE MANAGEMENT 9.2.11.1. WASTEWATER FROM CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES Construction water refers to the water affected by construction activities. The proponent shall construct and operate the necessary collection facilities to prevent pollution. The proponent shall adopt the following measures mentioned below in order to manage the construction wastewater. The proponent may discharge clean silt laden water overland and allow this water to filter into the ground. Proponent shall not cause erosion as a result of any overland discharge. All washing of plant/equipment/concreting equipment etc. shall take place within the construction camp. C9 Page 8
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN All washing operations shall take place off-site at a location where wastewater can be disposed off in an acceptable manner. To prevent the contamination of water by materials used during construction: Materials will be prepared and stored away from water courses. Measures will be implemented to prevent seepage of liquid materials into the ground where it could contaminate groundwater. Prompt cleaning up of accidental spillages will be ensured. Maintaining the machinery/equipment in a good operating condition. 9.2.11.2. WASTEWATER FROM CONSTRUCTION LABOURERS The sewage generated from the labours during the construction is estimated to be about 6 KLD. This will be collected in a collection tank and will be lifted to the BWSSB Sewage Treatment Plant through authorized agencies for further treatment. 9.2.11.3. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Solid waste here refers to all construction debris and domestic waste. The organic wastes collected shall be handed over to the local body for further processing. Whereas, the recyclable wastes such as bricks, stone, metal, plastic, etc., will be handed over to authorized waste recyclers. Hazardous wastes like waste oil from DG sets, used batteries, paint waste etc; will be handed over to the authorized hazardous waste recyclers. Following control measures shall be used for mitigating pollution due to solid waste: Any waste or construction debris shall not be disposed by burning or by burying. On completion of construction, all leftover construction materials shall be removed from the working area. Waste bins/skips shall be provided throughout the site at locations where construction personnel are working. The bins shall be provided with lids and an external closing mechanism to prevent their contents from blowing away. Bins shall be emptied on a daily basis. The bins shall not be used for any purposes other than waste collection. Collection system shall be properly supervised so that quick and regular removal of waste from the dustbin is practiced. C9 Page 9
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.2.11.4. DISPOSAL OF EXCAVATED EARTH AND DEMOLISHED MATERIAL During site clearance, the demolished material generated such as bricks, stones, concrete etc. will be used for site leveling and for back filling. The excavated earth which generated during construction will be reused for raising the plinth level, pavement area formation and for development of landscape. 9.2.12. FIRE PROTECTION The Proponent shall comply with the Occupational Health and Safety Act and regional or local regulations with regard to safety on site. Precautions & safety Measures proposed are: Provision of separate storage spaces for combustible materials such as paint and oil. Incorporation of automatic circuit breakers activated by over current. Strict prohibition of smoking. Provision of fire hydrants around the buildings. Provision of manually operated fire alarm system. Provision of fire hose cabinets at every floor. Provision of portable fire extinguishers. Provision of automatic sprinklers system. 9.2.13. PERSONNEL SAFETY SYSTEM It is planned to adopt the safe working practices which shall govern all construction works undertaken throughout the project. Following Safety Aids will be provided to all the labourers: Safety Helmets Safety Belts/Harness Safety Shoes Hand gloves Gumboots Safety Goggles Face masks and full body kit and Ear Plugs Implementation of Safety procedures such as: Using proper lifting techniques Using Safe Scaffold C9 Page 10
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Hot work permits for Fabrication and Welding and Height Work permit 9.2.14. EMERGENCY PROCEDURES The proponent shall comply with the Occupational Health and Safety Act, National Building Regulations and other national, regional or local regulations with regard to safety on site. The proponent shall ensure that contact details of the local medical services are available to the relevant construction personnel prior to commencing work. The Emergency plans shall include the following procedures: Identification of key escape routes which explains how people can gain access to them and escape from them to a place of total safety. Arrangements for the safe evacuation of people identified as being especially at risk, such as those with disabilities, lone workers and young persons. Identification of machines/appliances/processes/power supplies that need to be stopped or isolated if there is a fire. Specific arrangements, if necessary, for high-fire-risk areas. Contingency plans for use when life safety systems such as evacuation lifts, fire-detection and warning systems, sprinklers or smoke control systems are out of order. Information about the fire and rescue service and any other necessary services and the people responsible for the same. Procedures for meeting the fire and rescue service on their arrival and notifying them of any special risks, e.g. the location of highly flammable materials. Plans to deal with people once they have left the premises. C9 Page 11
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE 9.4: BUDGETARY ALLOCATION FOR EMP DURING CONSTRUCTION Sl. No. EMP Aspects Cost Capital Investment In Lakh 1. Barricades all round the site 2.5 Total 2.5 During Construction Lakhs/annum 1. Purchase of water from external authorized suppliers 13.0 2 Disposal of Solid Waste from project site 3.0 3. Plantations of saplings around the periphery and 3.0 maintenance 4. Environmental Monitoring Air, Water, Noise 1.5 5. EMP cell 10.0 Total 30.5 9.3 EMP DURING OPERATION PHASE In the operational phase the environmental impacts are due to continuous operation of the project, hence, the emphasis in the Environment Management Plan (EMP) is to minimize such impacts. Following are the identified operational phase activities in the impact assessment, which may have an impact on the environment. 1. Air quality management 2. Water quality management 3. Noise quality management 4. Solid waste management 5. Storm water management 6. Transport management 7. Green belt development 9.3.1. AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT The air pollutants likely to be emanated from the proposed project are SPM, SO 2, NO 2, HC and CO mainly due to burning of liquid fuel (HSD) in DG. Exhaust from the DG set will be emitted from a stack of adequate height for dispersion of gaseous pollutants. The green belt development is also proposed covering about 77.76% of the plot area. Following Table presents the EMP for air quality management during operation phase. C9 Page 12
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE 9.5: AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DURING OPERATION PHASE Environmental Mitigation Impacts DG set Equipment selected will ensure the exhaust emission standard as prescribed as per the latest amendments from the CPCB. DG will be used as a stand-by unit. Periodic check up and maintenance will be done. Ambient air quality Ambient air quality monitoring as per the prescribed norms will be done at regular interval. 9.3.2. WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT Operational phase water requirement of project will be supplied by BWSSB, as mentioned earlier. Water balance is presented in the earlier section. Following are some of the water quality management measures that would be adopted during the operation phase of the project. Ground water shall not be abstracted without prior permission of the competent authority. Water meter conforming to ISO standards shall be installed at the inlet point of water uptake to monitor the daily water consumption. Promoting the use of water efficient devices/fixtures and appliances. Dual plumbing system shall be installed in order to conserve water. Rainwater harvesting shall be practiced on a regular basis. Surface runoff shall be harvested through recharge pits on a regular basis. Sewage Treatment Plants shall be monitored on a regular basis. The sewage generated from the proposed project is about 711 KLD which will be treated in a proposed STP of capacity 785 KLD. The treatment scheme for domestic effluents generated from the project has also been discussed in earlier section. The Treated water will be reused for flushing and gardening. Following table presents the EMP for water quality. C9 Page 13
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE 9.6: WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT DURING OPERATION PHASE Environmental impacts Effluent from domestic water consumption Mitigation Treated with proposed State-of-the-art Sewage Treatment Plant to produce tertiary treated water which is ultimately reused for secondary purposes such as flushing, gardening and landscaping. Following Water conservation measures shall be encouraged: Awareness among the residents regarding optimal usage of water and reuse. Implementation of dual piping system: Use of Treated sewage for secondary purposes like flushing, gardening and landscaping. Rainwater harvesting facilities are proposed. a) Roof top rain water will be harvested and it will be treated and reused. b) Surface run off will be harvested and it will be used for ground water recharge through recharge pits within the site. 9.3.3. NOISE QUALITY MANAGEMENT High noise generating units such as DG set will be provided with integral acoustic enclosure. Noise barriers will be provided to the DG sets at appropriate locations so as to ensure that the noise levels do not exceed the prescribed standards. Green belt on the project boundary will further acts as a noise barrier and helps in attenuating noise. Following Table presents the EMP for noise levels. TABLE 9.7: NOISE MANAGEMENT DURING OPERATION PHASE Environmental Impacts Mitigation Noise from DG set area Acoustic enclosures will be provided to DG set. DG set will be installed in an access restricted area (utility section). Use of PPE (ear plugs) will be made mandatory in this area. Selection of equipments to ensure that the residual noise level of < 55 db (A) will be maintained. Noise levels will be checked periodically using a noise dosimeter. C9 Page 14
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.3.4. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT The solid wastes generated during the operation phase can be categorized into three types: Municipal Solid Wastes Hazardous wastes E- Wastes Municipal Solid Wastes The municipal solid wastes include food leftovers, plastic, sweeping dust, paper, cardboard clothes, ash etc. The municipal solid wastes estimated to be generated in the premises are about 2,390 kg/day. Out of this, 1,195 kg/day will be Organic waste & 1,195 kg/day will be recyclable wastes. Further the biodegradable waste will be segregated and will be processed in an Organic Waste Converter. The recyclable wastes such as plastic materials, glass & metal wastes are handed over to the authorized waste recyclers for further processing. The Sludge from the STP is estimated to be about 107 kg/day and will be used as manure for gardening purpose. Hazardous Wastes Hazardous wastes like waste oil from DG sets, used batteries, battery cells etc., will be handed over to the authorized hazardous waste recyclers. E - Wastes E- Wastes such as wires, bulbs, tube lights and electronic wastes such as used PC, calculators, CD s, Xerox machine components etc., will be handed over to the authorized & approved KSPCB E - Waste processors. The various mitigation measures to be adopted for the solid waste management during operation phase are as follows: The proponent shall provide different colored bins for different categories of waste and ensure complete segregation of biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes. The biodegradable wastes will be processed in the Organic Waste Converter and recyclable wastes such as plastic materials, glass & metal wastes are handed over to the waste recyclers. Separate compartments shall be provided for each type of recyclables. The proponent shall abide by the Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008. Collection and storage of hazardous wastes during Pre-construction and Post-construction activity shall be planned properly. The expected hazardous wastes shall be disposed off separately as per the Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008. C9 Page 15
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The containers and bins used for collection of waste shall be of closed type so that the waste is not exposed and thus the possibility of spreading of disease through flies and mosquitoes is minimized. Collection system shall be properly supervised so that quick and regular removal of waste from the dustbin is practiced. 9.3.5. STORM WATER MANAGEMENT As the project location is blessed with fairly good rainfall, it is planned to collect the storm water at different gradients of the location. There will be rainfall runoff from building roof-tops, roads and pavements and greenbelt area. Necessary provision will be made to collect the quantity of rainfall runoff during the most rainy day of the season. Necessary rain water harvesting pit/recharge pit at regular intervals around the periphery of the site shall be envisaged. A storm water drain with RCC precast perforated cover will be provided around the periphery of the property. The details of the rain water harvesting facilities are interpreted in the early section and it is depicted in the enclosed layout plan. 9.3.6. TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT Use of public mode of transportation shall be encouraged. Use of the least polluting type of transportation shall be promoted. Adequate parking space shall be provided as per norms. Use of pathways that are covered or shadowed by tree canopy as far as practicable. 9.3.7. GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT Vegetation is the natural extension of the soil ecosystem on a site. It can provide summer shade, wind protection, and a low-maintenance landscape that is adapted to the local environment. Unfortunately, the common practice is to remove the existing landscape cover and replace with a generic, water and maintenance-intensive lawn. The greenbelt development in the project site area not only functions as landscape features resulting in harmonizing and amalgamating the physical structures of the proposed buildings with surrounding environment but also acts as a pollution sink/noise barrier. In addition to augmenting C9 Page 16
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN present vegetation, it will also check soil erosion, make the ecosystem more diversified and functionally more stable, make the climate more conducive and restore balance. It is planned to include an ecologically knowledgeable landscape architect as an integral member of the design team. Preservation of the existing vegetation, especially native plants, will possibly be incorporated. Fencing of property shall be avoided wherever possible to make the landscape available to other community thereby increasing project integration. Following approach will be adopted for Vegetation and Ground Management. It is planned to: Decrease paving and monoculture lawns. Avoid replacing mature trees with young seedlings. Protect existing plants during construction. Delineate the drip line around trees and demark or fence off areas to avoid damage. Contain heavy equipment and stockpiling areas to predefined areas. Avoid invasive species and monocultures (same species, same age). Design new plantings as diverse communities of species adapt well to the site, plant native species of varying ages and select vegetation that attracts wildlife. 9.3.8 HEALTH, RISK AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT Public health and safety Since all the construction related activities shall be confined to the project site, minimal health related impacts are envisaged within the project influenced area during the construction stage. The persons engaged at the project site will face direct exposure to dust and noise generated from the construction activity. This is likely to cause health related effects such as asthma, bronchitis and hearing impairments respectively. To minimize these anticipated impacts, the following will be incorporated: Use of water sprinklers to prevent dust from being air borne. Providing suitable Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) like mouth mask with filters, nose mask, helmets, ear plugs etc. Arranging periodic health check up camp for the labourers. Providing safety belts/harness. On site medical treatment and transport will be organized in case of injury. A safety engineer will be employed. Due to operation of the proposed project, there will be enhancement in public health and safety since: C9 Page 17
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN A resident medical officer will be appointed to take care of the first aid and primary medication in case of emergency for residents and labourers. First aid kit with primary medicines will be made available in the medical centre. Action plan and preparedness measures will be displayed during emergency situations. Risk and Disaster Management Plan Disaster is an unexpected event due sudden failure of the system, external threats, internal disturbances, earth quakes, fire and accidents. Thus an appropriate management plan shall be incorporated. Precautions Once the likelihood of the disaster is suspected, preventive actions shall be undertaken by the project in-charge. Conditional maintenance of equipments, materials, and expertise for use during emergency. The electrical systems shall be provided with automatic circuit breakers activated by over current. Fire extinguishers are provided at pre-notified locations inside the buildings. Proper escape routes are planned and displayed in the public domain. Selected representatives are given proper training to guide other residents during fire accidents. Periodic awareness program is conducted for the officials on their roles during emergency situations. Important telephone numbers including numbers of police authorities, fire department and hospitals etc. for use during emergency situations will be made available. 9.4 EMP IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE Phased according to the priority, the implementation schedule is presented in the Table 9.8. TABLE 9.8: IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE FOR EMP Sl. No. Recommendations Requirement 1. Air pollution control measures Before commissioning of respective building 2. Water pollution control measures Before commissioning of the project 3. Noise control measures Along with the commissioning of the project 4. Solid waste management During commissioning of the project 5. Green belt development Stage-wise implementation C9 Page 18
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The responsibility of EMP implementation lies with the project promoter for a period of 5 years. Once the residential apartment is established, the EMP responsibility will be properly handed over to the client with clearly defined procedures and guidelines. 9.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ROUTINES A comprehensive monitoring programme is suggested below: TABLE 9.9: POST MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS Sl. No. Particulars Monitoring frequency I Air Quality 1. Stack Monitoring I DG stacks at project premises Once in three months 2. Ambient air quality Monitoring I Project premises Once in three months Duration of monitoring As per the standard procedure 24 hours Continuous Important monitoring parameters NO x, SO x, SPM PM 2.5 in μg/m 3, PM 10 in μg/m 3, NO 2, SO 2, ozone, Lead, Carbon Monoxide, Ammonia, Benzene, Benzo (a) pyrene (BaP) Particulate phase only, Arsenic, Nickel as per NAAQ Standards. II Water and Wastewater Quality 1 Water quality I Ground water at project site Once in three Grab sample As per IS -10500 months 2 Wastewater quality I Raw Sewage Daily Composite ph, BOD 5, Turbidity, E- Coli, Res.Cl 2 II Treated sewage prior to Daily Composite ph, BOD 5, Turbidity, E- discharge Coli, Res.Cl 2 III Ambient Noise levels 1. Project premises in 2 locations Once in three months As per Standards Ambient Noise Standards. IV Greenbelt development 1. Project premises Continues Continues -- C9 Page 19
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.6 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS There are many Environmental Acts & Rules which are formulated by the Ministry of Environment Forest & Climate Change (MoEFCC) for the prevention of Environmental squalor and are to be compiled by the Industry. All the regulations are not applicable to all. The Acts and Rules which are to be constantly perused and followed by the Industry are enumerated in the following section. TABLE 9.10: PARTICULARS OF ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS YEAR OF ENACTMENT LEGISLATION 1974 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. 1975 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules. 1977 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act. 1978 The Water (Prevention and Control Pollution) Cess Rules. 1988 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act as amended. 1981 The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. 1987 The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act as amended. 1986 The Environment (Protection) Rules. 1991 The Environment (Protection) Rules (Amended). 9.7 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ACT & RULES Among the various notifications coming under the Environment (Protection) Act, following are the notifications applicable to this project: TABLE 9.11: NOTIFICATIONS UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT & RULES YEAR OF NOTIFICATION RULES 1989 The Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules 2000 & 2003 The Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules (amended) 1992/1993 Environmental Statement 2000 Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control) Rules and Amendment Rule 2006 2000 Municipal Solid Wastes (Management & Handling) Rules 2002 D.G. Rules 2008 The Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement) Rules C9 Page 20
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The Hazardous Waste (Management & handling) Rules 1989 (latest amendment 2003) The DG Set Waste/used oil is included in the schedule-1 of list of Hazardous Waste under Serial No.5 which states as under: Used/spent oil (category No.5.1) generated from industrial operations. Using mineral/synthetic oil as lubricant in hydraulic systems or other applications. Used oil defined under Rule 3 (34) means any oil derived from crude oil or mixtures containing synthetic oil including used engine oil, gear oil, hydraulic oil, turbine oil, compressor oil, industrial gear oil, heat transfer oil, transformer oil, spent oil and their tank bottom sludge and suitable for re-refining, if it meets the specifications laid down in Schedule 5, but does not include waste oil. Responsibility of the occupier and operator of a facility for handling of the wastes is delineated as under: 1. The Occupier and the operator of a facility shall be responsible for proper collection, reception, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous wastes listed in schedule 1, 2 and3 { Rule 4(1)} 2. It shall be the responsibility of the occupier and the operator of a facility, to take all steps to ensure that the wastes listed in schedule 1,2 and 3 are properly handled and disposed of without any adverse effects to the environment {Rule 4(3)}. 3. Hazardous wastes shall be collected, treated, stored and disposed of only in such facilities as may be authorized for this purpose {Rule 5(1)}. 4. Every occupier handling, or a recycler recycling, hazardous wastes shall make application in Form-1 to the Member Secretary, State Pollution Control Board or committee, as the case may be or any Officer designated by the State Pollution Control Board of committee for the grant of authorization for any of the said activities{ Rule 5(2)}. 5. The Occupier or operator of a facility shall ensure that the hazardous wastes are packaged, based on the composition in the manner suitable for handling, storage, and transport and the labeling and packaging shall be easily visible and be able to withstand physical conditions and climatic factors {Rule 7(1)}. 6. Packaging, labeling and transport of hazardous wastes shall be in accordance with provisions of the rules made by the Central Government under the Motor Vehicles Act 1988 and other guidelines issued from time to time { Rule 7(2)}. 7. All Hazardous waste containers shall be provided with a general label as given in Form-8 of Hazardous Waste (Management Handling) Rules 1989 as amended there after { Rule 7(3)} C9 Page 21
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 8. The Occupier shall prepare six copies of the manifest in Form 9 comprising of colour code indicated below ( all six copies to be signed by transporter) {Rule 7(4)}: 9. The Occupier generating hazardous waste and operator of a facility for collection, reception, treatment, transport, storage and disposal of hazardous waste shall maintain records of such operations in Form-3 {Rule 9(1)}. 10. The occupier or an operator of a facility shall send annual reports to the State Pollution Control Board or committee in Form-4 {Rule 9(2)}. 11. Where an accident occurs at the facility or on a hazardous waste site or during transportation of hazardous waste the occupier or Operator of a facility shall report immediately to the State Pollution Control Board or committee about the accident in Form- 5 {Rule 10}. 12. No owner or occupier generating non-ferrous metal waste specified in schedule 4 or generating used oil or waste oil of ten tons or more per annum shall sell or auction such non-ferrous metal wastes, used oil or waste oil to a registered re-refiner or recycler, as the case may be, who undertakes to re-refine or recycle the waste within the period of validity of his certificate of registration (Rule 20(1)). TABLE 9.12: COLOUR CODE FOR THE MANIFEST COPIES Copy Number With Purpose Colour Code Copy 1 (White) To be forwarded by the occupier to the State Pollution Control Board or committee. Copy 2 (Yellow) To be retained by the occupier after taking signature on it from the transporter and rest of the four copies to be carried by the transporter. Copy 3 (Pink) To be retained by the operator of the facility after Signature. Copy 4 (Orange) To be returned to the transporter by the operator of Facility after accepting waste. Copy 5 (Green) To be returned by the operator of the facility to State Pollution Control Board/Committee after treatment and disposal of wastes. Copy 6 (blue) To be returned by the operator of the facility to the occupier after treatment and disposal of wastes. C9 Page 22
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.8 ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT Under rule 14 of the Environmental protection Rules 1986, every person carrying an industry, operation or process requiring consent under Section 25 of Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act, 1974 (6 of 1974) or under Section 21 of the Air (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act 1981 (14 of 1981) or both or Authorization under the Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules 1989 issued under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986) shall submit an Environmental Statement report for the financial year ending the 31 st March in Form-V to the concerned State Pollution Control Board on or before 15 th Day of September every year. Environmental Protection for Development and Protection of Ground Water: These rules are applicable for: Extraction of ground water for any use, except for drinking and domestic purpose. Clearance of well constructions. Control on disposal of untreated/ treated urban & Industrial wastes. Pumpage of ground water within the limits laid by the Authority. Planning & implementations of project for enhancing recharge of ground water. Reassessment of ground water resources as per the directions of the authority. Sale of ground water. Registration of ground water abstractions structures. Supply of data on demand on the structure, Pumpage, and usage of ground water etc., Change in H.P. of the pump without approval. Clearance of solid & liquid waste disposal sites. Clearance for setting up of ground water based industries. Conservation & artificial recharge of ground water including roof-top runoff harvesting & storm water recharge etc. Degradation of quality of ground water on account of ground water extraction. The existing users of ground water resources as enumerated above shall obtain permission for the grant of a certificate of registration from Central Ground Water Authority New Delhi. C9 Page 23
CHAPTER IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE 9.13: BUDGETARY ALLOCATION FOR EMP DURING OPERATION Sl. No. EMP Aspect Cost in Rs Capital Investment In Lakh 1. Sewage Treatment Plant 80.0 2. Rainwater harvesting facilities 35.5 3. Landscape development 5.0 4. Acoustic & Stacks for DG sets 24.0 5. Organic Waste Converter 5.0 Total 149.5 Operation Investment Lakh/ Annum 1. STP Maintenance 5.0 2. Landscape Maintenance 10.0 3. OWC Maintenance 4.0 4. EMP Cell 5.0 5. Environmental Monitoring-Air, Water, Noise 1.5 Total 25.5 C9 Page 24
CHAPTER X SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 10. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 10.1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 10.1.1 INTRODUCTION Introduction chapter explains on purpose of the project, identification of the project, brief description of the project with nature, size, location & its importance to the country and its region. It also explains the scope of the study and regulations applicable for the proposed project. M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd. is coming up with a proposal to set up a Residential Apartment at Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru. The proposed project is coming up in a total site area of 64,445.9 Sqmt (15 Acres 37 Guntas) with a total built up area amounting to 2, 02,155.21 Sqmt with sufficient area earmarked for landscape, internal drive way and other services. 10.1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION This chapter presents the details on type of project, need for the project and brief description of the project along with the location, magnitude, salient features and resource requirement of the project as well as waste generation from the project and management measures during construction and operation phase for the same. This chapter also details the layout of the project & its components along with the project planning details which includes project feasibility report and its schematics which explains the important information of the project. 10.1.3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT This chapter provides explanation on Baseline Environmental Status of the project site as well as the study area, study area considered for an Impact assessment, study period considered for an impact assessment and its objectives, components and methodology adopted to evaluate the baseline environmental status of the Environmental components. And it also explains the establishment of baseline for valued environmental components in an identified location with depiction on base map/topo map along with the results of the present environmental status. The Baseline data describes the existing environmental status of the identified study area with reference to the prominent environmental attributes. An area covering 10 km radius with project site as centre is considered as the study area. C10 Page 1
CHAPTER X SUMMARY & CONCLUSION The Baseline study was conducted for the months of October2015 to December 2015 i.e., post monsoon period. The existing environmental setting is considered to establish the baseline conditions which are described with respect to geology, hydrogeology, climate, atmospheric conditions, water quality, noise quality, soil quality, vegetation pattern, ecology, land use and socio-economic profile of the people and the area. The site-specific primary data were monitored for the identified parameters and supplemented by the available secondary data. Secondary data was collected from various Government and Semi-Government organizations. Baseline Environmental status is the most important study based on which probable impacts from the project are predicted. 10.1.4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES This chapter deals with the details on investigated environmental impacts due to project location, possible accidents, project design, project construction, regular operations, final decommissioning or rehabilitation of the project. It also explains the assessment of significance of impacts and its irreversible & irretrievable commitments on Environmental components and its mitigation measures taken to minimize the identified adverse impacts. 10.1.5 SPECIFIC STUDIES This chapter deals with the details on source and availability of alternative technologies, adverse impact of the present technology, mitigation measures for the same and selection of alternative technologies, resource conservation measures and the possibilities of selection of alternative site to minimize the adverse impacts. 10.1.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM This chapter deals with the scheduling/planning of Environmental Monitoring Programme, which details with the details on measurement methodologies adopted, frequency of monitoring, location of monitoring, data analysis, reporting schedules cum procurement schedule and infrastructure to evaluate the baseline environmental status as well as pedestal for prediction of impact of the future development. 10.1.7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES This chapter deals with the details on risk assessment & its management plan and Disaster Management Plan for construction phase as well as for operation phase. It also explains the C10 Page 2
CHAPTER X SUMMARY & CONCLUSION measures adopted to conserve the natural resources. It depicts the necessity/requirement of public consultation, rehabilitation & resettlement action plan for the proposed project. 10.1.8 PROJECT BENEFITS This chapter explains about the benefits that can be obtained from the project including improvements in physical infrastructure, social infrastructure, and employment potential with other tangible benefits to the locality and to the state. 10.1.9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN This chapter explains the objectives and importance of the EMP (Environmental Management Plan) for construction and operation phase as detailed in Chapter - 9. It also explains the EMP implementation schedule, environmental monitoring routines and Environmental legislations cum Environmental protection act and rules applicable for the proposed project. 10.2 CONCLUSION ON EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The proposed developmental project is the development of a Residential Apartment coming up at Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru. The proposed project falls under item 8(b) and appraised as category B1 (since BUA 1, 50,000 Sqmt ++) as per the EIA Notification dated 14 th September 2006 and the amendments thereof. The proposed Residential Apartment project requires Environmental Clearance from the MoEFCC (Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change). As per the TOR prescribed by the State Expert Appraisal Committee dated 10 th September 2015 along with EIA GUIDANCE MANUAL for Building, Construction, Township and Area Developmental Projects prepared by Administrative Staff College of India, Hyderabad dated February 2010 and as per the CPCB standard references, EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) study has been carried out towards the proposed project. With the above summary, the EIA study of the proposed Residential Apartment project has not been identified with any major negative impacts on the site and to the local environment. Due to the construction activities, there might be a chance of minor risks, for which all the required precautions and preventive management plans are proposed. While in operation, the proposed development does not involve any processing/manufacturing activities. The impacts include generation of domestic wastewater, solid waste, waste oil etc., for which proper well-planned Environmental Management Plan has been proposed. Also, for the operation phase, other permanent Environmental Management Plans like well-planned storm water management, internal transportation management, sufficient parking C10 Page 3
CHAPTER X SUMMARY & CONCLUSION provision, Sewage Treatment Plant, Organic Waste Converter, green belt development plan has been proposed and the same will be effectively implemented. For managing the Environmental Management Plans, an EMP cell will be framed along with environmental monitoring routine plans with estimated budgetary allocations. However, development of the proposed Residential Apartment project has certain beneficial impacts/effects during the course of its construction as well as operational phase of the project. Some of the beneficial impacts/effects are: It results in considerable benefits on physical infrastructures like transportation system, water supply & drainage system, power supply and social infrastructures like health centre s, banking, education as well as small and medium scale industries like commercial developments, hotels, shopping complexes, retail shops etc,. It results in improvement of the general aesthetics of the surrounding area. It will increase the employment opportunities to skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled; it is obvious to assume that, all the economic activities in the project area would induce considerable improvement in the socio-economic levels of people. The impact of human settlement is expected to be positive, since some people will be directly employed and many others will get indirect employment. The impacts are identified and evaluated to reduce their negative impacts and rather maximize the positive effects on the surrounding environment. It raises the living conditions of the citizens of the country. Overall, the proposed project will have positive impact on the Environment if, the recommended Environmental Monitoring, Health & Safety and Environmental Management aspects are fully implemented by the project proponents. The project proponent believes in the concept of eco-friendly development comprising of eco-friendly operations with an assurance of implementing all the commitments which have been illustrated in the EIA report, the project proponent M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd. will start the Residential Apartment, once required necessary clearances are got. As it is a construction project, impacts from the proposed project will not reach beyond 1 km radius and as a safety measure, proper mitigation measures has been adopted to prevent impacts. Thus implementing this project will not have any appreciable negative impacts and hence is a welcome development. Therefore, it is requested to accord Environmental clearance. C10 Page 4
CHAPTER XI DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED 11. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED SL. NO. PROFESSION CONSULTANT 1. Environmental Engineering Consultants Mr. Sanjay Kumar M D Environmental Engineering Consultant Covered by stay order WP. No. 15575 of 2012, dated 15.05.2012 of Honorable High Court of Karnataka from being covered by the accreditation OM issued by MoEF. C/o. M/s. A&N Technologies # 855, 3 rd Floor, 6 th Main Behind Ragi Gudda J.P.Nagar II Phase, KSRTC Layout Bengaluru 560 078. Phone: +91-80-64500227, +91-80-41209283 e-mail: antech18@gmail.com 2. Laboratory M/s. Ganesh consultancy & Analytical Services An NABL Accredited Laboratory 3. Architects M/s. Venkataramanan Associates, Architecture Engineering Interiors, #10/2, II Floor, O Shaughnessy Road, Langford Town, Bengaluru 560 025 Phone : +91-80-4030-3050 e-mail: va@vagroup.com web: www.vagroup.com 4. Structural Consultants M/s. Design Ventures Engineering Consultants (I) Pvt. Ltd., # 27/1, 9 TH Main, RMV Extension, Sadashivanagar, Bengaluru- 560 080. Phone : +91-80-2361 8899 e-mail : info@devens.in web: www.dvblr.com 4. Electrical Consultants M/s. Powerdesign MEP Consultants Pvt Ltd. # 23/1, First Floor, Narayana Chetty Road, (Dispensary Road), Shivaji Nagar, C11 Page 1
CHAPTER XI DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED Bengaluru - 560 001. Phone : +91-80- 41623633 e-mail: email@poweresign.co.in web: www.powerdesign.co.in 5. PHE & Fire Consultants M/s. Sampath Kumar Associates Pvt Ltd, # 950/7, Swamy Complex, 3 rd Floor, 24 th Main, J.P. Nagar 2 nd Phase, Bengaluru 560 078. Tel. No: 080-26588403 and 080-2649467978, Email:mail@sampathkumarassociates.com, sampathkumar.kolar@gmail.com Website : www.sampathkumarassociates.com 6. Traffic Impact Studies & Management Measures Consultants M/s. Consortia of Infrastructure Engineers, # 90, Sri Ranga, 2 nd floor,12 th main, M C layout, Vijayanagar, Bengaluru- 560 040 Phone: +91-80-23403232 e-mail : consortia.infra@gmail.com 7. Landscape Consultant Mr. R. Sreeram, Chief Horticulturist Spring Green, Plant resourcing The Falcon House, No.1, Main Guard Cross Road, Bengaluru -560001 Ph: +91-80-25591080, e-mail: sreerama@prestigeconstructions.co.in C11 Page 2
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CHAPTER XI DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED C11 Page 4
CHAPTER XII CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILTY 12. CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY Environment and natural resources are the prime source of all material inputs to economic activities. The environment also acts as a receiver and sink of the various kinds of waste generated through human activity. A proper balance between the developmental needs and environmental concerns is necessary in order to pursue the path of sustainable development. Sustainable Development involves an enduring and balanced approach to economic growth, social protection and justice and environmental conservation. The proposed project is a development of Residential Apartment with a total built up area of 2, 02,155.21 Sqmt. As per EIA notification dated 14 th September 2006, the proposed project comes under item 8(b) and is appraised as category B1 (since BUA 1, 50,000 Sqmt ++). As the proposed project attracts EIA study, pre-construction baseline environmental study has been carried out and in accordance with that EIA report has been prepared. In EIA, monitoring schedules for environmental attributes will be scheduled for construction phase as well as for operation phase to assess the quality of environment. An Environmental cell will be framed to manage/maintain the environmental and safety aspects such as labourer s health & safety, sanitation and other safety measures along with the environmental status during the construction phase of the project. Also, the cell manages/maintains all environmental aspects, such as Sewage Treatment Plant, solid waste management, maintenance of greenbelt and environmental monitoring of the project premises during the operation phase of the project. In addition, sufficient fund will be fixed for maintenance of the EMP cell. The provided details & documents towards the project are inline as per the final execution of the project. If any change in plan; prior intimation will be given to the concerned authority & required statutory clearance/approval will be obtained before starting up of any activity. Once after obtaining the Environmental Clearance, Environmental Compliance study with respect to EC conditions will be carried out during the construction phase twice in a year by considering the study periods from April to September and October to March and the report of the same will be submitted to the SEIAA and the regional office of MoEFCC, Bengaluru. Similarly compliance study will be carried out by the maintenance team during the operation phase. All other required statutory clearances will be obtained from the concerned departments and hence there won t be any violation/non compliance in the proposed project. C12 Page 1
CHAPTER XIII ENCLOSURES 13.0 ENCLOSURES 13.1. CONCEPTUAL PLAN M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd., Bengaluru have proposed for the development of a residential apartment at Survey Nos. 115, 116 & 117, Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru on a plot area of 64,445.9 Sqmt. The total built up area is 2, 02,155.21 Sqmt. The Proposed Project comprising 1,119 Nos. of units and a Club House in 6 blocks comprising of 12 towers and a club house. Towers 1, 2, 11 & 12 are sprawled across B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 3, 5, 6, & 7 are sprawled across 2B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 4, 8, 9 & 10 are sprawled across 2B+G+18 Upper Floors with a height of 58.95m and the Club House is sprawled across G+2 Upper Floors with a height of 15m. Ground coverage area achieved is 9,132.10 Sqmt i.e. 14.92% out of 55%, Landscape area is 47,607.99 Sqmt (77.76%), Drive way/ Ramp area is 1,871.22 Sqmt (3.06%) and area reserved for Service Areas is 2,612.30 Sqmt (4.26%). The Achieved FAR is 2.2496 out of 2.25. Total parking space proposed is for 1,549 Nos. of cars. Total water consumption is 790 KLD (Fresh water + recycling water). The total wastewater discharge is 711KLD. It is proposed to construct a Sewage Treatment Plant with capacity of 785 KLD (Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) Technology). It is proposed to construct a Roof Rain Water Harvesting Sump with a capacity of 165 cum and 160 nos. of Recharge pits. The Energy requirement for the project is 6,633 kva. Diesel Generators of 750 kva x 12 Nos. will be provided. The project cost is Rs. 228.50 Crores. C13 Page 1
CHAPTER XIII ENCLOSURES 13.2. QUESTIONNAIRE 1. Project Type Development of Residential Apartment 2. Name & Contact Address of the Project Proponents M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd. The Falcon House, No.1, Main Guard Cross Road, Bengaluru-560 001. 3. Objective of the Project To provide a luxurious Residential apartment with modern amenities for comfortable living 4. Project Description Proposed Project is a development of Residential Apartment with a total built up area of 2, 02,155.21 m 2 comprising 1,119 Nos. of units and a Club House in 6 blocks comprising of 12 towers with a club house. Towers 1, 2, 11 & 12 are sprawled across B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 3, 5, 6, & 7 are sprawled across 2B+G+17 Upper Floors with a height of 55.9m. Towers 4, 8, 9 & 10 are sprawled across 2B+G+18 Upper Floors with a height of 58.95m and the Club House is sprawled across G+2 Upper Floors with a height of 15m. 5. Project Location Development of Residential Apartment At Sy. Nos. 115, 116 & 117, Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru. Latitude 12ᵒ53 44.86 N Longitude 77ᵒ32 25.50 E 6. Estimated Duration of the Project Approx. 5 years 7. Estimated Cost of the Project Rs. 228.5 Crores 8. Total Site Area 64,445.9 Sqmt (15 Acres 37 Guntas) 9. Total Built-up area 2,02,155.21 Sqmt 10. Total Plinth Area 9,132.10 Sqmt (14.92 %) 11. Total Landscaping Area 47,607.99 Sqmt (77.76%) 12. Height of the Building 58.95 m Resource Requirements: Construction Phase 13. Total Manpower Required 250 Nos. C13 Page 2
CHAPTER XIII ENCLOSURES 14. Power Requirement 100 kva DG set, 1 No. 15. Water requirement for Construction activities 16. Domestic water requirement during Construction 55 KLD 7.5 KLD 17. Source of water for construction External authorised tanker water suppliers. Resource Requirements: Operation Phase 18. Total Number of Residents 5,303 Numbers 19. Total Power requirements during operation phase 20. DG Sets for Power back up during operation phase DG Sets Fuel requirements 21. Total water requirement during operation phase Electricity: 6,633 kva form BESCOM Transformers: 500 kva - 13 Nos. & 250 kva - 3 Nos. 750 kva X 12 Nos. 1,885 l/hr 790 KLD 22. Net Fresh water requirement after 525 KLD recycling treated sewage for flushing Environmental Setting 23. Baseline Study Area Area covering 10 km radius around the project site with project site as centre. 24. Baseline Study Period 3 months, October 2015, November 2015 & December 2015 25. Soil Type in the study area Sandy Silt 26. Water Quality Five ground water & One Surface water sample analysis results are tabulated in EIA report. 27. Ambient Air Quality In five stations including project site, ambient air quality analysis were carried out as per revised NAAQ standards 2009. Results are tabulated in EIA report. 28. Baseline Noise Levels Five noise sampling locations including project site were selected and analysis was carried out. Tabulated results are available in EIA report. 29. Nearest Highway SH-17 is at a distance of 7.5 km from the project site towards West direction. (Bengaluru Mysuru) C13 Page 3
CHAPTER XIII ENCLOSURES 30. Nearest Railway station Nayandanahalli Railway Station, which is around 10.4 km from the project site. Bengaluru City Railway Station, which is around 13.7 km from the project site. 31. Nearest Airport Kempegowda International Airport is around 50.9 km from project site. 32. Nearest Lakes Subramanya Kere, 105 m from the project site 33. Nearest Town/City City - Bengaluru 34. Nearest Villages Gubbalala village (1.0 km towards SE) Lingadheeranahalli village (1.4 km towards S) 35. Seismic Zone Seismic Zone - II 36. Archaeologically important Places None within 10 km radius 37. Protected areas as per Wildlife None within 10 km radius Protection Act, 1972 38. Reserved/ protected Forests Turahalli Forest is at a distance of 1km from the project site. 39. Defence Installations None within 10 km radius 40. Designated Land use of the Project site Residential Main Zone as per the Revised Master Plan of BDA-2015. Environmental Management Plan: Construction Phase 41. Soil Erosion Contained by well-designed landscaping and greenbelt. 42. Noise Pollution from Construction equipments Acoustic measures for noisy equipments, most optimum number of operation by heavy equipments and limited construction activities during day time. 43. Quantity of Domestic sewage 6.0 KLD during construction 44. Mode of treatment and disposal of domestic sewage (construction) Generated sewage will be collected in collection tank and will be lifted to BWSSB Sewage Treatment Plant for further treatment. 45. Air emissions from construction equipments Optimal usage of equipments and use of high quality fuel like HSD. 46. Air Emissions and traffic volume Vehicles carrying construction materials will be well due to raw materials covered to avoid any spillage. transportation Raw material transportation vehicles will be C13 Page 4
CHAPTER XIII ENCLOSURES maintained in good condition. Traffic of 15 trucks/ day would be made to ply during less traffic hours. Planning of optimal routes for the vehicles. 47. Labour Management Skilled labourers will be sourced locally. Environmental Management Plan : Operational Phase 48. Quantity of Sewage generated 711 KLD 49. Mode of treatment for Sewage This sewage is treated in a sewage treatment plant of capacity 785 KLD to meet the quality of urban reuse standards. 50. Quantity of treated sewage and mode of disposal Quantity of treated sewage: 785 KLD Out of this, 265 KLD will be used for flushing, 207 KLD will be used for landscaping, and excess 313 KLD will be discharged to UGD. 51. Air & Noise pollution containment DG sets meeting the emission norms prescribed by KSPCB will be used. Adequate stack height will be provided. Acoustic enclosures will be installed in order to attenuate the noise level. DG set will be installed in an area (utility section) where the access will be restricted. 52. Domestic Solid Wastes Total Quantity: 2,390 kg/day Organic wastes: 1,195 kg/day Inorganic wastes: 1,195 kg/day The generated solid waste will be segregated as biodegradable (organic) and non-biodegradable (inorganic) in each block and the organic wastes will be processed in an Organic Waste Converter and the inorganic wastes will be handed over to the authorized vendors for further processing. Hazardous wastes like waste oil from DG sets, used batteries, CDs, computer etc. will be handed over to authorized hazardous waste recyclers. C13 Page 5
CHAPTER XIII ENCLOSURES E-Wastes will be picked by authorized E-Waste recyclers. 53. Sludge from STP 107 kg/day, which will be used as manure for gardening purposes. 54. Hazardous wastes 4.4 l/ running hr of DG Waste oil from DG sets will be given to KSPCB designated waste oil recyclers. 55. Optimal utilization of natural Terrace runoff will be routed to roof rain water collection resources and non-conventional sump of capacity 165 cum and will be reused after pretreatment. energy sources Surface runoff will be routed to 160 Nos. of recharge pits through internal garland drains to recharge the ground water and excess will be discharged to the existing storm water drain. Energy conservation devices such as Solar geyser, street lights, LED light fixtures, High Frequency ballast, low loss transformers are proposed in the project. 56. Greenbelt development Native species are proposed for the greenbelt development. C13 Page 6
CHAPTER XIII ENCLOSURES 13.3. PHOTOS 05.12.2014 05.12.2014 05.12.2014 05.12.2014 C13 Page 7
CHAPTER XIII ENCLOSURES 13.4. ADDITIONAL TORs 1. Hydrological study of the nearby lake. Detail hydrological study of the nearby lake is carried out and the report of the same is enclosed with this report. 2. The approach road seems to be inadequate. Care should be taken for smooth movement of emergency vehicles like fire tenders, ambulance etc., The approach road width of the project is 18.43m for which 8m of each entry and exit has been proposed for smooth movement of emergency vehicles. 3. Explore the possibility of providing fire escapes chutes. As per NBC norms for the building height more than 70m the fire chute should be provided. As our project s building height is 58.95 m which is less than 70m we are not providing fire chutes. However the Project has been designed based on all the relevant fire safety as per NBC norms. Systems proposed for the residential building includes: Fire Fighting System Sprinkler System Safe Entry & Exit Points Fire Protection System 4. Solar power generation and construction of eco pond. We have explored the possibility of providing Eco pond but it is not feasible. Following are quantification of solar power generation: Total roof top area available = 7,621 Sqmt Area reserved for lift rooms, water tanks, Moving area etc = 2,286 Sqmt Area available for Solar panels = 7,621 Sqmt - 2,286 Sqmt = 5,335 Sqmt 3.25 m² of area is required for installing 1 Solar Panel No. of solar panels cane be installed in available roof area = 5,335Sqmt/3.25Sqmt =1641Nos. 1 Solar Panel generates 0.25kW of solar power =1641Nos X 0.25kW = 410kW So total Energy generated by installing Roof Top Solar Panel will be = 410kW/day Power requirement for our project per day is = 5969.7kW/day Percentage of solar energy generation = (410kW/day/5969.7kW/day) x 100 = 6.8 say 7%/day C13 Page 8
HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES Development of Residential Apartment At Sy. Nos. 115, 116 & 117, Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru. By M/S Presige Estate Projects
Hydrological Studies Provide safe passage of storm Runoff Introduction M/s. Prestige Estates Projects Ltd., Bengaluru is coming up with a Residential Development at Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru on a plot of 15 Acres 37 Guntas. The total built up area of the proposed project is 202,015.40 Sq.mt. Fig.1.Location map of the residential Project Objective of Study 1. Analyze the rainfall data for drawing the Intensity duration curves for the area under reference
2. To estimate the run off generated from the plot for existing and after project conditions to estimate the increase due to the development. 3. To bring the post project runoff to the pre project conditions through rain water harvesting measures. 4. To evaluate the passage of the storm water produced safely to the natural drainage. Site Visit A site visit was made to investigate the drainage pattern as well as the waste weir of the Subramanyapura tank and its channel to discharge the surplus flow to the next lake below. The proposed residential project is located at Sy no 115,116 &117, Sy. Nos. 115, 116 & 117, Uttarahalli Village, Uttarahalli Hobli, Bengaluru South Taluk, Bengaluru. The Road is located in the northern end and the channel of 2m wide and 1.25 m in depth runs along the road. Hydrological Study The hydrological study intends to estimate peak flow under existing conditions of the residential project. The peripheral drain is designed for catering to the needs of increased peak run off after the post project conditions. The out flow from the peripheral drain is connected to the existing channel which runs along the road. The Peak runoff in an area is dependent on Rain fall Intensity, Land use, Slope and Catchment Characteristics Rain fall Intensity The Intensity Duration Curves (IDF) of the area are very useful while analyzing the peak flow. The IDF curves show the rainfall intensity (in mm per hour) against the duration of the rains (in minutes) for specific return periods. Several curves from different return periods may be presented in one graph. A curve with a return period of 1 year will show the worst storm that will on average occur every year, a curve with a return period of 2 years is the worst storm that can be expected in a 2 year period, and so on. To know which value to take from the IDF curve, the time of concentration has to be calculated. The time of concentration is the time the water needs to flow from the furthest point in the catchment area to the point where it will leave the area (the Based on the rain fall intensity data for the year 1969-84 a value of 65 mm/hr intensity is chosen)
Land use and run off coefficient The coefficient of run-off indicates the shedding characteristic of the catchment area. The actual quantum of run-off to be handled by the storm water drain is a fraction of the total quantum of rainfall falling on the catchment. A part of the water may get absorbed by the land depending upon its soil characteristics and again another part may get evaporated. The rest of the run-off enters the storm water drain. The coefficient of run-off which is normally less than 1.0 accounts for this phenomenon. The manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment published by C.P.H.E.E.O of the Government of India recommends design values of coefficient of run-off as per Table below. Run off Coefficient s for different land use conditions Type of Area Coefficient of Run-off Commercial 0.70 to 0.90 Residential High Density 0.60 to 0.75 Residential Low Density 0.35 to 0.60 Parks and Undeveloped Land 0.20 to 0.30 Analysis of the Influencing Catchment Area A catchment area is the entire surface that will discharge its storm water to one point (the discharge point). Once the catchment area is identified, its surface must be estimated. The natural drainage south to north. The total influencing area is 50 ha. Rainfall Intensity Calculating the Peak Run off including the influencing area of 50 ha The amount of storm water the catchment will produce can be determined with the formula Q = 1/360 C x i x A
The catchment area would be a residential area, with a surface of 20 ha and a rainfall intensity of 65 mm/h, than the design peak runoff rate would be around (1/360x 0.5 x 65 x 50) = 4.5 m 3 per second. Existing drain to cope with the design peak runoff rate Rectangular channel 2m wide and 1.25m depth has been constructed to pass on the discharge from the area. The discharge capacity of the channel is calculated as follows. Manning s Equation k is a unit conversion factor: k=1.49 for English units (feet and seconds). k=1.0 for SI units (meters and seconds). A=Flow area of channel. P=Wetted perimeter. Q=Discharge (flow rate). S=Downward (longitudinal) slope of the channel. V=Average velocity in the channel. Substituting the appropriate values V=1/0.015(0.55) 2/3 (0.0015) 1/2 = 4.0 Say 4.0m/sec Q= AXV =2.5 X 4.0=10m 3 /sec As can be seen from the above that the channel has the capacity of 10 m 3 /see and the run off expected from the influencing catchment is 4.5m 3 /see. The flood flow can be safely disposed off. Calculating the Peak Run off under existing conditions The amount of storm water the catchment will produce can be determined with the formula Q = 1/360 C x i x A Q: the design peak runoff rate, or the maximum flow of storm water the system will be designed for (in m 3 per second) C: the runoff coefficient i: the rainfall intensity a value of 100 mm/h can betaken
A: the surface area of the catchment area (in ha)) The catchment area would be a residential area, with a surface of 6.5 ha and a rainfall intensity of 65 mm/h, than the design peak runoff rate would be around (1/360x 0.3 x 65 x 6.5=) 0.35 m 3 per second. Fig.2.Pre project condition Fig.3.Post project condition Calculating the Peak Run off under post project conditions The catchment area would be a residential area, with a surface of 6.5 ha and a rainfall intensity of 65 mm/h, than the design peak runoff rate would be around (1/360x 0.6 x 65 x 6.5=) 0.70 m 3 per second. Compared to the pre project conditions the run off has doubled due to the post project conditions
Rain water Harvesting. Sl No. Land use Area(sqm) Q= (CIA) / 360 M 3 /SEC 1 Roof Area 7621 0.123 2 Drive way 35557 0.480 3 Landscape 22267 0.095 TOTAL 0.698 By effectively constructing the rain water harvesting structures the run off could be reduced to the pre project conditions. Conclusions 1. Based on the rain fall intensity data for the year 1969-84 a value of 65 mm/hr intensity is chosen for a return period of 50 years for the estimation of peak flow. 2. Already there is a concrete channel constructed of dimension 2m wide and 1.25 m depth for disposing the flood discharge which is running adjacent to the road attached to the project 3. The influencing catchment for the project and adjacent area is estimated as 50 ha. The peak flow generated by this influencing catchment is estimated as 4.5m 3 /see 4. Existing channel has a capacity of 10 m 3 /see which is adequate to discharge the flood flow generated in the area. 5. The run off generated in the post project conditions is much higher and this can be reduced by constructing suitable rain water harvesting structures.
ANNEXURES ANNEXURE-I NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS) Pollutant Sulphur dioxide (SO2) Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) Particulate Matter (Size less than 10 µm) or PM10 Particulate Matter (Size less than 2.5µm) or Units Time Weighted Average Concentration in Ambient Air ( g/m 3 ) Industrial, Residential, Rural And Other Area Ecologically Sensitive Area (Notified by Central Government) Methods of Measurement µg/m 3 Annual* 50 20 - Improved West and Gaeke 24 Hours** 80 80 - Ultraviolet fluorescence µg/m 3 Annual* 40 30 - Modified Jacob & Hochheiser (Na-Arsenite) 24 Hours** 80 80 - Chemiluminescence µg/m 3 Annual* 60 60 - Gravimetric 24 Hours** 100 100 - TOEM -Beta attenuation µg/m 3 Annual* 40 40 - Gravimetric 24 Hours** 60 60 - TOEM -Beta attenuation PM2.5 Ozone (O3) µg/m 3 8 Hours** 100 100 - UV photometric 1 Hour** 180 180 - Chemilminescence - Chemical Method Lead (Pb) µg/m 3 Annual* 24 Hours** 0.5 1.0 0.50 1.0 - AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper - ED-XRF using Teflon filter Carbon mg/m 3 8 Hours** 02 02 - Non Dispersive Infra Red monoxide 1 Hour** 04 04 (NDIR) spectroscopy (CO) Page 1
ANNEXURES Ammonia (NH3) Benzene (C6H6) Benzo (a) Pyrene (BaP) particulate phase only µg/m 3 Annual* 100 100 - Chemiluminescence 24 Hours** 400 400 - Indophenol blue method µg/m 3 Annual* 05 05 - Gas chromatography ng/m 3 Annual* 01 01 based continuous analyzer - Adsorption and Desorption followed by GC analysis - Solvent extraction followed by HPLC/GC analysis Arsenic (As) ng/m 3 Annual* 06 06 - AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper Nickel (Ni) ng/m 3 Annual* 20 20 - AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper Note: * Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval. ** 24 hourly /8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However, 2% of the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days. Page 2
ANNEXURES ANNEXURE-II INDIAN DRINKING WATER STANDARDS (BIS 10500: 1991) Sl. No. Substance or Characteristic Requirement (Desirable Limit) Permissible Limit in the absence of Alternate source Essential characteristics 1. Colour, ( Hazen units, Max ) 5 25 2. Odour Unobjectionable Unobjectionable 3. Taste Agreeable Agreeable 4. Turbidity ( NTU, Max) 5 10 5. ph Value 6.5 to 8.5 No Relaxation 6. Total Hardness (as CaCo 3) mg/lit., Max 300 600 7. Iron (as Fe) mg/lit, Max 0.3 1.0 8. Chlorides (as Cl) mg/lit, Max. 250 1000 9. Residual, free chlorine, mg/lit, Min 0.2 -- Desirable Characteristics 10. Dissolved solids mg/lit, Max 500 2000 11. Calcium (as Ca) mg/lit, Max 75 200 12. Copper (as Cu) mg/lit, Max 0.05 1.5 13 Manganese (as Mn)mg/lit, Max 0.10 0.3 14 Sulfate (as SO 4) mg/lit, Max 200 400 15 Nitrate (as NO 3) mg/lit, Max 45 100 16 Fluoride (as F) mg/lit, Max 1.9 1.5 17 Phenolic Compounds (as C 6 H 5OH) mg/lit, Max. 0.001 0.002 18 Mercury (as Hg)mg/lit, Max 0.001 No relaxation 19 Cadmium (as Cd)mg/lit, Max 0.01 No relaxation 20 Selenium (as Se)mg/lit, Max 0.01 No relaxation 21 Arsenic (as As) mg/lit, Max 0.05 No relaxation 22 Cyanide (as CN) mg/lit, Max 0.05 No relaxation 23 Lead (as Pb) mg/lit, Max 0.05 No relaxation Page 3
ANNEXURES 24 Zinc (as Zn) mg/lit, Max 5 15 25 Anionic detergents (as MBAS) mg/lit, Max 0.2 1.0 26 Chromium (as Cr 6+ ) mg/lit, Max 0.05 No relaxation 27 Polynuclear aromatic hydro carbons (as PAH) g/lit, Max -- -- 28 Mineral Oil mg/lit, Max 0.01 0.03 29 Pesticides mg/l, Max Absent 0.001 30 Radioactive Materials i. Alpha emitters Bq/l, Max -- 0.1 ii. Beta emitters pci/l, Max -- 1.0 31 Alkalinity mg/lit. Max 200 600 32 Aluminium (as Al) mg/l, Max 0.03 0.2 33 Boron mg/lit, Max 1 5 BACTERIOLOGICAL STANDARDS: I. Water entering the Distribution system Coliform count in any sample of 100 ml should be Zero. A sample of the water entering the distribution system that does not conform to this standard calls for an immediate investigation in to both the efficacy of the purification process and the method of sampling. II. Water in the distribution system 1. E.coli count in 100ml of any sample should be zero. 2. Coliform organisms not more than 10 per 100 ml in any sample. 3. Coliform organisms should not be present in 100 ml of any two consecutive samples or more than 5% of the samples collected for the year. Page 4
ANNEXURES ANNEXURE-III Ambient standards with respect to noise have been notified by the Ministry of Environment Forest & Climate Change vide Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000. It is based on the A weighted equivalent noise level (L eq). The standards are presented below. AMBIENT NOISE STANDARDS Area Code Category of Area Noise Levels db(a) L eq Day Time* Night Time A Industrial Area 75 70 B Commercial Area 65 55 C Residential Area 55 45 D Silence Zone** 50 40 Source: CPCB Note: * Day time is from 6 am to 10 pm. ** Silence zone is defined as area up to 100 meters around premises of hospitals, educational institutions and courts. Use of vehicle horns, loud speakers and bursting of crackers are banned in these zones. Noise Standards for Occupational Exposure Noise standards in the work Environment are specified by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA-USA) which in turn are being enforced by Government of India through model rules framed under Factories Act. These are given in the following table: Page 5
ANNEXURES STANDARDS FOR OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE Total Time of Exposure per Day in Hours (Continuous or Short Term Exposure) Sound Pressure Level in db(a) 8 90 6 92 4 95 3 97 2 100 3/2 102 1 105 ¾ 107 ½ 110 ¼ 115 Never >115 Note: No exposure in excess of 115 db (A) is to be permitted. For any period of exposure falling in between any figure and the next higher or lower figure as indicated in column(1), the permissible level is to be determined by extrapolation on a proportionate scale. Page 6
ANNEXURES ANNEXURE-IV RECOMMENDED PER CAPITA WATER SUPPLY FOR DESIGNING SCHEMES (CPHEEO Manual on Water Supply & Treatment) Recommended Sl. No. Classification of Towns / Cities Maximum Water Supply Levels (LPCD) 1. Towns provided with piped water supply but without sewerage system 70 2. Cities provided with piped water supply where sewerage system is existing / contemplated 135 3. Metropolitan & Mega cities provided with piped water supply where sewerage system is existing / contemplated 150 Source: Manual on Water Supply and Treatment: III Edition (1999) ANNEXURE-V HYDRAULIC LOADING APPLICABLE FOR DIFFERENT SOILS Recommended dosage of Sl. No. Soil Texture Class settled industrial effluents M 3 /Hectare/day 1. Sandy 225 to 280 2. Sandy Loam 170 to 225 3. Loam 110 to 170 4. Clay Loam 55 to 110 5. Clayey 35 to 055 Source: Handbook on Environmental Legislation and Technologies by Karnataka State Pollution Control Board Page 7
ANNEXURES ANNEXURE-VI Hydraulic Conductivities of Soil Sl. No. Soils K- values ( m/ day) 1. Clay surface 0.01-0.2 2. Deep clay layer 10-8 - 10-2 3. Loam 0.1-10 4. Fine sand 1-5 5. Medium sand 5-20 6. Coarse sand 20-100 7. Gravel 100-1000 8. Sand and gravel 5-100 9. Clay, sand & gravel 0.001-0.1 Source: MoWR, GoI, 2004, pg. 15, 84 Specific Yield of Different Formation Sl. No. Description Yield (%) 1. Sand 10-30 2. Gravelly sand (coarse sand) 15-30 3. Sand and Gravel 15-25 4. Sand stone coarse-grained 10-25 5. Sand stone fine- grained 5-15 6. Thick plastic clay 3-5 7. Weathered rock 2-5 8. Clay 1-10 9. Fractured and jointed rock 0.50-5 Page 8
ANNEXURES Typical Porosities of soil Sl. No. Soil Texture Porosity 1. Sandstone 0.19 2. Sandy loam sub soil 0.36 3. Sandy loam plough layer 0.42 4. Clay loam subsoil 0.44 5. Recently ploughed clay loam 0.58 Source: Manual on norms and standards for EC of large construction projects-moef Rating Chart for Soil Test Values of Primary Nutrients Nutrient Rating* Recommended Organic carbon nitrogen alkaline KMnO 4 Available phosphorous Olsen s P (kg/ha) Available potassium Ammonium Acetate K (kg/ha) Low Medium High Test** <0.50 0.50-0.75 >0.75 Colorimetric method; Datta et al <280 281-560 >560 Kjeldahl apparatus <10 <120 11-25 121-280 >25 >280 Olsen method Ammonium acetate extraction method *Subject to minor variation as per local conditions. **Tests to be performed at ICAR (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) accredited laboratory. Page 9
ANNEXURES Sl.No. ANNEXURE-VII Criteria for Raw Water Used for Organized Community Water Supplies (Surface and Ground Water) Primary Parameters Parameters Range/Limiting Value Use with only disinfection Use after conventional treatment 1. ph 6.5 to 8.5 6.0 to 9.0 2. Colour Pt. scale Hz Units <10 <50 3. Suspended Solids mg/l <10 <50 4. Odour, dilution factor <3 <10 5. DO, (% saturation) 90-100 80-120 6. BOD, mg/l <3 <5 7. TKN, mg/l <1 <3 8. Ammonia, mg/l <0.05 <1 9. Faecal Coliform MPN/100 ml <200 <2000 10. EC, μm/hos/cm <2000 <2000 11. Chlorides, mg/l <300 <300 12. Sulphates, mg/l <250 <250 Note To ensure prevention of corrosion in treatment plant and distribution System and interference in coagulation and chlorinating. Color may not get totally removed during treatment High SS may increase the cost of treatment. May not be tackled during treatment. May imply higher chlorine demand. May imply higher chlorine demand. May imply higher chlorine demand. May imply higher chlorine demand. Not more than 20% samples show MPN/100 ml greater than limit. High conductivity implies dissolved high solids making water Unpalatable. May cause physiological impact and unpalatable taste. May cause digestive problems 13. Phosphate, mg/l <07 <1.0 May interfere with Page 10
ANNEXURES 14. Nitrate, mg/l <50 <50 15. Fluoride, mg/l <1.0 <1.5 16. Surfactants, mg/l <0.2 <0.2 coagulation May cause methamoplobinemea Higher value shall cause fluorosis and lower value shall carries. May impair treatability and cause foaming. Additional Parameters for Periodic Monitoring (Seasonal Only to be done when there are known natural or anthropogenic sources in the upstream catchment region likely or apprehended to contribute or other well founded apprehensions) Parameters Desirable Acceptable Note Dissolved Iron mg/l < 0.3 < 0.5 Affect taste and cause stains Copper, mg/l - <1.0 May cause liver damage Zinc, mg/l - <5.0 Cause bitter stringent taste Arsenic, mg/l Cadmium, mg/l <0.01 <0.001 <0.05 <0.005 Cause hyperkeratosis & skin cancer Toxic Total Chromium, <0.05 <0.05 Toxic mg/l Lead, mg/l <0.05 <0.05 Physiological abnormality Selenium, mg/l <0.01 <0.01 Toxic symptoms similar to arsenic Mercury, mg/l <0.005 <0.0005 Carcinogenic and poisonous Phenols, mg/l <0.001 <0.001 Toxic and cause taste and odour problem Cyanides, mg/l <0.05 <0.05 Physiological abnormality PAH, mg/l <0.0002 <0.0002 Carcinogenic Total Pesticides, mg/l <0.001 <0.0025 Trend to bio-accumulates & carcinogenic (Source: Ecological Impact Assessment Series: EIAS/03/2002-03 Published by CPCB) Page 11
ANNEXURES ANNEXURE-VIII Use Based Classification of Surface Waters in India: Designated-Best-Use Class of Criteria water Drinking water source A 1.Total Coliform Organism MPN/100ml shall be without conventional disinfection 50 treatment but after or less 2.pH between 6.5 and 8.5 3.Dissolved Oxygen 6mg/l or more 4.Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20 o C 2mg/l or less Outdoor bathing (Organized) B 1.Total Coliform Organism MPN/100ml shall be 500 or less 2.pH between 6.5 and 8.5 3.Dissolved Oxygen 5mg/l or more 4.Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20 o C 3mg/l or less Drinking water source after C 1.Total Coliform Organism MPN/100ml shall be conventional treatment and disinfection 5000 or less 2.pH between 6 to 9 3.Dissolved Oxygen 4mg/l or more 4.Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20o C 3mg/l or less Propagation of Wild life and Fisheries D 1.pH between 6.5 and 8.5 2.Dissolved Oxygen 4mg/l or more 3.Free Ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/l or less Irrigation, Industrial cooling, Controlled waste disposal E 1. ph between 6.0 to 8.5 2. Electrical Conductivity at 25 o C micro mhos/cm Max.2250 3. Sodium absorption Ratio Max. 26 4. Boron Max. 2mg/l Source: Guidelines for Water Quality Management CPCB 2008) Page 12
ANNEXURES ANNEXURE-IX Water Requirements for Different Types of Buildings Sl.No. Type of Building Consumption (liters/day) 1. Factories with bath rooms 45 per head 2. Factories without bath rooms 30 per head 3. Hospital (including laundry): a) Number of beds not exceeding 100 340 per head b) Number of beds exceeding 100 450 per head 4. Nurses homes and medical quarters 135 per head 5. Hostels 135 per head 6. Hotel (up to 4 star) 180 per head 7. Hotel (5 star and above) 320 per head 8. Offices 45 per head 9. Restaurants 70 per head 10. Cinemas, concert halls and theaters 15 per head 11. Schools a) Day schools 45 per head b) Boarding schools 135 per head 135 per head Note: In addition, water demand of visitors to these building is considered as 15 LPCD As per BIS, for residential buildings with a population of 20,000-1, 00,000, the per capita consumption is 100-150 lpcd and for those with population above 1, 00,000, the consumption is 150-200 lpcd. Out of the 150 to 200 liters per head per day, 45 liters per head per day for flushing requirements and the remaining quantity for other domestic purposes Source: National Building Code, 2005 ANNEXURE-X KSPCB urban reuse standards for discharge of domestic effluents Parameters Standards ph 6-9 BOD 5 mg/l <10 TSS mg/l <10 Turbidity, NTU 2 E-Coli Nil Res. Cl2, mg/l 1 Page 13