Topsectoren, de rol van big data en kansen vanuit het ruimtevaartonderzoek: Hoe satellietdata bijdragen aan duurzaamheid Netherlands Space Office 1
Netherlands Space Office Established in 2009 Space agency of the Netherlands government Reporting to: Task: > Ministry of Economic Affairs > Ministry of Education, Culture and Science > Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment > Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) Develop the Netherlands space policy and bring that into action Netherlands Space Office 2
NSO: responsibilities and activities Represent Netherlands government to space agencies (ESA) and space industry National programmes, e.g.: - TROPOMI-instrument - Satellite Data Portal - Geodata for Agriculture & Water - ESA Business Incubation Centre Stimulate international cooperation with Dutch industry Invest in the future s space pioneers (students and young entrepreneurs) Netherlands Space Office 3
What? Clarify chemical processes in the Earth atmosphere How? UV/Vis and Infrared spectroscopy with space instruments like OMI, Sciamachy and Tropomi Who? Royal Meteorological Institute (KNMI), SRON, Dutch Space, TNO Netherlands Space Office 4
What? Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) To be launched on ESA s Sentinel-5-p in 2015 Monitoring air pollution on city level (7 x 7 km) How? Revolutionary design: immersed gratings Imaging spectrometer sensing CH4, NO2, SO2, Who? Netherlands Space Office 5
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Sentinel-1 RADAR (land en mariene applicaties) Sentinel-2 Multispectraal (landapplicaties) 2015 Sentinel-3 Hyperspectraal (mariene applicaties) 2015 Sentinel-4 Multispectraal (atmosfeer, geostationaire baan) 2021 Sentinel-5P Multispectraal (atmosfeer, polaire baan) 2016 Sentinel-5 Multispectraal (atmosfeer, polaire baan) 2021 Sentinel-6 Altimetrie (mariene applicaties) 2020 Gratis en open data, gegarandeerde datastroom Netherlands Space Office 7
What? Miniaturised nano- and microsatellites How? Nano- and microsatellite platforms and launch services Formation Flying Miniaturised radar Miniaturised hyperspectral instruments Who? ISIS, Cosine, SSBV Netherlands Space Office 8
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Big (Satellite) Data Huge amounts Heterogenous (Near) real-time Global sensing Local needs Integration with geo-information Serendipity Information value Netherlands Space Office 11
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watertekort Optische beelden : 50 cm resolutie Netherlands Space Office 14 Netherlands Space Office
Panchromatisch Multi-spectraal Thermisch RADAR Netherlands Space Office 15 Netherlands Space Office
Downstream Applications and Services Agriculture Monitoring of Tropical Forests Monitoring Dikes and Deformation Land use Water Management Water Quality Marine services Atmospheric services (Green) Spatial Planning Netherlands Space Office 16
Satellite Applications Case: What? Monitoring crop growth, moisture (irrigation), minerals Crop yield prediction Information for micro insurances How? Applications of geostationary satellite data Applications of spectral satellite data Who? eleaf, EARS, NEO, SarVision, TerraSphere, Alterra, Future Water Agriculture Netherlands Space Office 17 17
Crop growth monitoring (green monitor) Development of NDVI during growing season Netherlands Space Office 18
Fieldlook Growth biomass production (kg/ha) CO2 intake (kg/ha) leaf area index LAI (m2 leaf/m2 ground) vegetation index NDVI Moisture evaporation shortage (mm/week) current evaporation (mm/week) surplus rain (mm/2 weeks) reference evaporation Minerals Nitrogen content in the top leaf layer (kg/ha) Nitrogen content in all leafs (kg/ha) Online, weekly updated, for all types of crops Yield Fruit Yield Root Yield Dry matter content Sugar Yield Protein content Netherlands Space Office 19
Application of fertilizer, water, and potato haulm killing Map Potato Haulm Killing (Reglone, l/ha) Water demand Netherlands Space Office 20
Irrigation Suitability Determining Factors: Terrain suitability Soil suitability Water availability Distance to water source Access to transportation Netherlands Space Office 21
Micro index-insurance in Africa Excessive rainfall Drought Flooding event 1-5 Sept 2009 No payout Payout Evapotranspiration relative to 30 yr average Netherlands Space Office 22
Satellite Assisted Pastoral Resource Management (SAPARM) Product: Maps of grazing conditions, based on satellite images of vegetation cover Purpose: to help pastoralists to identify good grazing areas and make better decisions on where to take their herds during droughts Netherlands Space Office 23
Global Vegetation Database 3.0 Database is a tool to: Improve efficiency in water use (more crop per drop) Increase yields Measure carbon intake of trees and crops Example Water Productivity (Wheat, India/Pakistan) Netherlands Space Office 24
Satellite Applications Case: Land monitoring What? Change detection (urban, Rural) Deforestation/degradation Wetland Monitoring How? spectral, radar imaging satellite data Who? NEO, SarVision Netherlands Space Office 25
Landelijk Grondgebruiksbestand NL (LGN7) Doel: Landgebruik in kaart brengen Product: LGN7 is de update voor 2012. De gewasgroeicurve uit de groenmonitor is gebruikt om de gewasopgave van de boeren te controleren en zo nodig aan te passen, en lege percelen te classificeren. Gebruikers: Dit is een commercieel product dat o.a. wordt afgenomen door ministeries, provincies, waterschappen en andere gebruikers. Netherlands Space Office 26
Radar capacity building in Para The project aims to develop radar data processing capacity in the state of Para for the Amazon forest through training and technology transfer from the University of Wageningen and SarVision to SEMA- PA, IMAZON and ECAM. Calha Norte Belém The area has severe cloud cover. Radar is needed to monitor environmental impact of mining aclvity in Calha Norte and forest degradalon, such as logging. The following sheet provides an example of informalon products. In a follow- on project a system should be implemented to generate such products operalonally for the enlre state of Para. Tembé Paragominas Dirk Hoekman, 23 April 2015 Netherlands Space Office 27
Degradation product, Detail for Tembé area This product is generated at intervals of 33 days using TerraSAR- X. It shows deforestalon and degradalon accumulated over the period 2013-12- 16 unll 2015-01- 05. DegradaLon is shown in minimum mapping units (MMU) of one hectare. The intensity of degradalon is shown in five tentalve classes. Netherlands Space Office 28 Dirk Hoekman, 23 April 2015 *) The minimum mapping unit (MMU) for degradalon is one hectare. The degree of degradalon can be classified according local needs.
RADAR-onderzoek in het Waddengebied Netherlands Space Office 29
Semi-automated identification and change detection Detection of: Buildings Trees Infrastructure Urban areas Rural areas Netherlands Space Office 30
What? Monitoring deformations in dikes, areas, infrastructure, pipelines Landslides How? Imaging radar techniques from space Deformation of millimetres is visible Who? SkyGeo, Orbital Eye, NEO Netherlands Space Office 31
Vulnerability Assessment in Rio de Janeiro (LandslideRisk) Netherlands Space Office 32
Deformations in the Port of Rotterdam Netherlands Space Office 33
Pipeline monitoring Netherlands Space Office 34
What? Drought/flood monitoring Water quality monitoring Wetland Monitoring Water level/quantity monitoring Water quality monitoring How? spectral, microwave & SAR satellite data Who? EARS, eleaf, NEO, SarVision, BMTArgoss, WaterInsight, BlueLeg Monitoring Netherlands Space Office 35
Flood Mapping (radar) All weather, looking through clouds and canopy Actual Average Netherlands Space Office 36
3Di - Flood modelling 1 2 3 1 2 3 CriLcal water levels Strength of the levee Possible damage Flood Risk = }probability x consequence Netherlands Space Office 37
3Di Flood modelling and visualisation Netherlands Space Office 38
Water Quality Chlorophyll Aqua culture Dredging plumes Recreation (swimming water) Environmental monitoring Total suspended matter Ocean / sea Inland waters Netherlands Space Office 39
Climate Adaptation Atlas Tool to visualise effects of climate change in the Netherlands Drought stress (example) Urban heat stress Land subsidence Flooding area Excessive rainfall Netherlands Space Office 40
Ice charting Netherlands Space Office 41
Ocean, sea Global sea level change Currents Tides Netherlands Space Office 42
Satellite Application case: Air Quality Monitoring What? Monitoring air quality How? Combine scientific and instrument knowledge to generate information on air quality Use satellite data, models and data assimilation to produce maps of NO 2, aerosol, O 3, CO, SO 2 etc. Who? RIVM, KNMI, SRON, TNO, HERMESS Netherlands Space Office 43
Brazilian Air Quality Forecast PM10 Ozone São Paulo Forecasts of surface concentrations at 15:00 (BRT) Netherlands Space Office 44
Route planning on sea Prediction conditions (o.a. wind, wave, visibility) 5-7 days forecast Calculation alternative route Netherlands Space Office 45
Wind fields Satellite SAR image Wind field Wind energy potential: - Identification of potential off-shore and on-shore wind park sites - Support investment decisions Netherlands Space Office 46
Solar resources Energy resource map: Annual solar radiance in the Mediterranean region (kwh/m2) Solar energy reduction due to dust storms Solar sustainable renewable energy: - Site selection - Support investment decisions - Forecast solar power generation Netherlands Space Office 47
Hydro power Snow water storage and inflow (Alpine Upper Danube region) Regulating dam levels Optimising hydroelectric power production: - Forecasting of water flow from snow melt - Support investment decisions - Huge geographical coverage Netherlands Space Office 48
Agriculture & Water Food security Agro business Crops Irrigation Water management Drought Water quality Geo-information (Integrated) satellite applications + Precision farming Soil moisture Flood risk Crop health Optical and radar satellites Netherlands Space Office 49
Energy & Offshore Electricity Solar energy Wind energy Pipelines Production Offshore Exploration Geo-information (Integrated) satellite applications + Meteorology Sea surface Oil spill Sea ice monitoring Pipeline monitoring Optical and radar satellites Netherlands Space Office 50
Meerwaarde satellietdata Netherlands Space Office 51
Luchtfoto s Satellietdata Resoluties vanaf 8 cm Resoluties vanaf 25 cm Alleen optische informatie Ook informatie wat men niet ziet ~ Eens per jaar opname Dagelijkse opnamen Lange verwerkingstijd (maanden) Verwerking binnen een dag Dure opnames Gratis data (Satellietportaal, Copernicus) Alleen geplande vluchten Ook terugkijken in het verleden Netherlands Space Office 52
Het Satellietdataportaal Tal van toepassingen mogelijk met satellietdata Economische winst (o.a. verhoogde gewasopbrengst, verlaging kosten) Vermindering milieu-overlast (o.a. bemesting, bestrijdingsmiddelen) Data sinds 2012. Loopt door tot 2016. Daarna overname door gratis Europese data (Sentinels, Copernicus). Stimulering Nederlands bedrijfsleven Betaalde Nederlandse klanten voor diensten Voorsprong op het buitenland Past goed binnen het Nederlandse beleid Open en vrij toegankelijke data Randvoorwaarden scheppend (Topsectoren) Netherlands Space Office 53
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Satellite data value chain Satellite sensors (optical, radar) Observations (orbit) Spatial information Spectral information Combination with other data Geoinformation for end-user Netherlands Space Office 55
Satellite Value Adding Services Satellite based applications: - Models, algorithms, data processing - Products, services - Integration with geo-info - Operational services - Business, government, society Downstream sector NL MKB: value adding, geoinformation, ICT NEVASCO Earth Observation sciences Knowledge institutes Netherlands Space Office 56
Thank you for your attention www.spaceoffice.nl Gateway to the Netherlands space sector: www.spaceoffice.nl/spacedirectory Photo the Netherlands by night taken by Dutch ESA astronaut André Kuipers from ISS with night-pod system developed by cosine Netherlands Space Office 57