Water - Energy - Food Nexus. Remco van Ek, remco.vanek@deltares.nl Ivo Demmers, ivo.demmers@wur.nl Piotr Pukala, pukala@ecn.nl

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1 Water - Energy - Food Nexus Remco van Ek, remco.vanek@deltares.nl Ivo Demmers, ivo.demmers@wur.nl Piotr Pukala, pukala@ecn.nl 422 juni mei

2 Introduction World population increases from 7 billion to 9 billion in 2050 Urban Less developed Rural Less developed Urban More developed Rural More developed Without new policy: rapid increase in pressure on resources Water: demand is projected to increase by 55% globally Energy: energy demand by 80% Food: agricultural production needs to rise by 70% Business as usual is NOT an option Nexus: challenges are interlinked

3 Interlinked resources Food transports (virtual) water Food security Food can be used to produce energy Water is needed for food production Eco- System Services Energy is needed for food production Water security Energy security Adapted from: Water - A Global Innovation Outlook Report, IBM, 2009 Water is needed for energy production Energy is needed to supply water

4 Global water scarcity Fresh water is a scarce resource All water On earth All lakes and rivers Saltwater 97%, Fresh water 3% Fresh water: Frozen 70%, Groundwater 29%, Surface water < 1% WEF report Global risks 2015: Water crisis: 1 st in impact, 8 th in likelyhood

5 . Water Energy Nexus: Energy need for water management (pumping, transport, treatment) Water requirements for energy production (extraction & refining, cooling) Global water use for energy production Source: Schornagel et al, 2012 Source: WEO-2012

6 Innovation Water Energy Nexus: Energy production with water Bijdrage NL duurzame energietransitie 2035 Export potentieel Kansrijke Technologieclusters Bron: Wiersma et al. (2014) Kansen voor Energie en Water. Water Governance

7 Close interlinkage water and food Water Food Nexus: Water for food security From: FAO, 2011 Climate change, water and food security

8 Options Water Food Nexus: Water for food security More crop per drop: many options Short term: advanced water supply demand management Precision agriculture, improved irrigation Improved drought preparedness (operational water management) Small scale water storage Climate Smart Agriculture: adaptation and mitigation Metropolitan Food Clusters (Agroparks): RUE + low carbon Long term: land use transition to system based preventive approach Large scale crop adjustments Large scale seawater desalination with renewable energy Large scale rainfall harvesting, ASR/MAR Multifunctional land use combined with (surface) water storage, aquaculture

9 Nexus projects Complete hydrologic model suite for national and regional applications (Deltares, Alterra, UU, TUD, WUR)

10 Nexus projects Complete hydrologic model suite for national and regional applications (Deltares, Alterra, UU, TUD, WUR) Focus water quantity, application in DP fresh water Improve availability, performance and functionality Developments on water quality and coupling with functions (water users)

11 Nexus projects STW WaterNexus (WUR, UU, Deltares, Alterra) Water supply for industry Closing water cycles (fresh, brackish) Treatment, storage, reuse Monitoring and control Water storage projects (Deltares, Alterra, WUR, UU) Ecology Fishery Aquaculture Floating cultivation Recreation Water safety Energy gebruik Go-Fresh Dubbele dijk Inland shore / Achteroever

12 Nexus projects G4INDO (Alterra, Deltares, WUR, KNMI) Geodata for Agriculture and Water Facility Indonesia support tool for Asuransi Jasindo (insurance). Claims based on satellite observations and hydro/crop models/forecast dynamic cropping calendar for Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture (to support rice farmers) Delta alliance (Alterra, Deltares, WUR, TUD, IHE) A global network for the resilience of deltas Distributes information and brokers between research institutes Structures, assembles and disseminates information of delta management World wide. Developing the international network of research institutes in delta/ water management for adaptive delta management

13 Nexus projects Policy studies water energy (ECN, Deltares, WUR) Understanding the Energy Water Nexus (ECN report E ) Leveraging investments for sustainable development (Nexus, governance)

14 Nexus projects Energiedijken (ECN, Deltares, Erasmus Uni., TUD) Pilots at Dutch dikes (Afsluitdijk, Oosterschelde, Brouwersdam) with Tidal energy Blue energy Deltares analysis of instruments needed by MRE business develop computational models/methods to describe macro/meso flow phenomena and flow patterns (Delft3D) set-up & validation impact-assessment instrument ECN develop and validate the computational models for maximising the energy output of the tidal turbines

15 Further cooperation Knowledge development for - Nexus planning (improve Nexus knowledge for planning) - Nexus solutions (develop and test new technologies, show cases) DLO Delta technology IWRM Water supply, storage TNO Water technology Production process planning Governance (Integrated) Planning Costs and financing Cross sectoral Climate change Ecosystems Agro technology Water supply & demand Water and spatial management Technology for Energy sector Water demand Deltares ECN solutions

16 Discussion Nexus challenge is complex, increasingly urgent and demands close cooperation public, private and knowledge sectors Nexus platform It offers opportunities in terms of leading position and global exposure for relevant sectors, being capable of creating unique value propositions (e.g. nexus tender offers). But how can we turn the complexity into business opportunities and synergy among the sectors involved? E.g. do we need a synchronized cross- TKI effort on planning, policy, innovation, business solutions? Your input is welcome!