Monitoring Overview with a Focus on Land Use Sustainability Metrics

Transcription

1 Monitoring Overview with a Focus on Land Use Sustainability Metrics Canadian Roundtable for Sustainable Crops. Nov 26, 2014 Agriclimate, Geomatics, and Earth Observation Division (ACGEO).

2 Presentation Overview Review of current AAFC monitoring capabilities Areas of development Focus on land use sustainability metrics to support market access

3 Annual Crop Inventory Canadian Crop Inventory AAFC produces annual crop inventories for all agricultural lands at high resolution (i.e. field level) Analysis is based on Radarsat2 and optical imagery Rigorous accuracy assessment Winnipeg Manitoba Area

4 Annual Crop Inventory Derived Maps 2013 Frequency of Barley from Stack of Annual Crop Inventory Maps Spatial Density of Barley 2009 Barley Zone Creating Individual Crop Zones

5 Land Suitability Rating System Canola Spatial Density (for Canola on detailed soils of MB) (weighted by temporal frequency from ) Legend Red= high density Blue= low density LSRS Component Rating CMP_CLASS 1 None to slight limitations for specified crop MB 6 MB 7 Unsuitable Kilometers Kilometers

6 Near-real-time Satellite Surface Soil Moisture Mapping AAFC produces near-real-time weekly, bi-weekly and monthly surface soil moisture maps derived from daily passive microwave data from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite. Collaborating with USA (NASA and USDA) on calibration of Soil Moisture Active passive (SMAP) satellite

7 Near-real-time Crop Condition Assessment AAFC produces near-real-time weekly maps of crop condition and the differences from normal conditions using daily MODIS reflectance observations. These contribute to the Canadian GEOGLAM crop condition assessments for AMIS.

8 Agroclimatic Monitoring and Drought Watch More than 500 agroclimate maps are produced daily based on near-real time climate station data AAFC provides drought-related information, including information on weather and climate conditions and impacts throughout Canada Drought Watch feeds into the North American Drought Monitor, a cooperative effort between drought experts in Canada, Mexico and the United States 8

9 Crop Yield Forecasting AAFC produces monthly crop yield forecasts during the growing season using statistical forecast models, agri-climate information and remotely sensed data. In development currently for: Spring Wheat; Durham Wheat; Canola; Barley; Corn; and, Soybean 9

10 Agriculture Impact Reporter (AIR) AIR Web-Based Application The AIR application collects information from farmers and displays it on the web The information is further analysed to produce value added information We see this as AAFC s first push into big data type applications in support of the sector Unseeded Cropland Flood/Excessive Moisture Livestock Feed Shortages

11 Example Application Grain Logistics Distribution of Wheat & Canola (2013) Based on AAFC EO-derived Annual Crop Inventory Yield (Wheat & Canola) Climate International Trade

12 Areas of Development Current Activities High resolution soil moisture monitoring using Radar data used systematically with regional scale assessments (i.e. SMOS, SMAP, etc ) Development of within season crop area estimates. Expanding CCYF yield monitoring to address a broader range of crops and continual improvement of models by using new remote sensing products. Harvest progress monitoring (i.e. weekly progress reports). The Game Changer! Open access to multiple high resolution optical and remote sensing remote sensing platforms (i.e. Sentinel Constellations, Landsat Continuity; Radarsat Constellation) Big data Big Challenge! Near real time high spectral and temporal resolution monitoring of crop conditions 12

13 Focus on support for land use sustainability metrics

14 Land Use Sustainability Metrics to Support Market Access Legend No data 20 Water 30 Barren 34 Urban 50 Shrubland 80 Wetland 110 Grassland 120 Agriculture_general 131 Fallow 133 Barley 135 Millet 136 Oats 137 Rye 138 Spelt 140 Wheat 145 Winter wheat 152 Camelina 153 Canola 154 Flax 155 Mustard 156 Safflower 157 Sunflower 158 Soybeans 162 Peas 177 Potatoes 179 Other vegetables 181 Berries 192 Sod 194 Nursery 196 Canary seed 197 Hemp 200 Forest_general 96 33'0"W 96 32'0"W 96 31'0"W 96 30'0"W 96 29'0"W 96 28'0"W AAFC is able to identify areas of agricultural land use change (e.g. conversion of forest & shrubland to annual & 49 22'0"N perennial crops) 49 22'0"N 122 Forage crops 146 Other wheat 167 Beans 210 Coniferous forest 130 Too wet to seed 147 Corn 174 Lentils 220 Broadleaf forest 230 Mixwood forest Manitoba 49 21'0"N 49 21'0"N 49 20'0"N 49 20'0"N 49 19'0"N Kilometers 49 19'0"N 96 33'0"W 96 32'0"W 96 31'0"W 96 30'0"W 96 29'0"W 96 28'0"W Brandon Winnipeg The background is the AAFC 2013 annual crop inventory map. Black outlines represent examples of areas changed from forest to agriculture since Kilometers

15 Agricultural Land Use Change: Conversion of forest to annual & perennial crops Example in MB Pre_

16 Agricultural Land Use Change (Specific Crop Canola) Agriculture Forest Agriculture Agriculture Forest Forest (a) (b) An example of an area classified as forest in 2009 and agricultural land in (a) 2003 WorldView image (from Google Earth), with the identified converted area polygon in yellow, and (b) Sharpened 2013 Landsat image showing the same area in crops.

17 Agricultural Land Use Change: Relative advantage vs. competitors? Legend Agiculture Forest & Shrubland in 2000 and Agriculture in 2013 AB SK MB % of area that are deforested to agriculture compared to area of all EO-derived agriculture land in 2000 MB 0.10 SK 0.12 AB 0.20 Province KM

18 In Conclusion AAFC has significant monitoring capabilities AAFC develops core monitoring data from earth observation, climate and soils that sit within a strong geomatics foundation (data, data management, information, mapping and applications). How can these be leveraged further? Are there additional areas that we can explore to provide information to help the sector deal with sustainability metrics? Areas of new development We would like to work with the CRSC to streamline our activities to help fill gaps in current work by the sector Existing work on land use and biodiversity metrics New sustainability metrics project