FOUR RIVERS RESTORATION PROJECT

Transcription

1 MLTM Republic of Korea Making Every Drop Count International Workshop on Integrated Urban Water Management WATER & GREEN GROWTH FOUR RIVERS RESTORATION PROJECT Office of National River Restoration, Korea December 4-6, 2012 Sao Paulo, Brazil Heekyu Jung, Director of Project Management

2 Why : Korea s Hydrological Characteristics and Forecast of Climate Change Annual precipitation of Korea: 1,245mm > World Aver. 880mm 2/3 of annual rainfall during rainy season (6 ~ 9) Just 27% (33.7 million ton) is available Repeated flood and drought : Total flood damage: $14 billion ( ) Forecast of climate change (2090) Increase annual temperature by 3.6 ( ) Increase annual average precipitation by 14% ( ,398mm) A tendency of change of number of days with heavy rain and precipitation per year for fourteen survey points ( ) Number of days with heavy rain Number of days with precipitation Linear Type (Number of days with heavy rain) Linear Type (Number of days with precipitation) mm number of days with precipitation year

3 Flood & Drought Damages ( ) Flood Damages (2002 Rusa, 2003 Maemi, 2006 Ewinia) Nation Han Nakdong Geum Yeongsan Others Death Damage Amount (Billion KRW) 15,112 2,936 3, ,618 * Total flood damage: $14 billion ( ) Drought Damages Year Damages 1994~ Cities & Counties (173,269 ha) 2001~ Cities & Counties (304,815 people experienced water supply restriction) 2008~ Cities & Counties (1,227 Villages experienced water supply restriction) * Severe drought cycle after 1990 : 7 year ( ) 3

4 Climate Change, Heavy Storms Flood Damage Annual flood damage: US$ 2.2 billion Restoration expenditure: US$ 3.5 billion Vicinity of the Nakdong River 4

5 Drought Damages in Korea - The photo & film competition of the natural disaster prevention 5

6 Where : Socio-cultural Characteristics of the Four Rivers Watersheds Overview The Four Rivers: 18 national rivers (1,956km) > Directly invested and managed by Korean government General statistics > 706 industrial complexes > 55,472 wastewater discharging > 1,737,000 hectares of farmland > 72 cities, districts, counties (31% of the total) > Population: million persons (33.2% of total) > Administrative division area: 30,436km² (30.5% of Total) Total Budget of Project : 22.4 Trillion KWR (18 billion USD) > Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs: 15.4 trill. KRW > Ministry of Environment: 3.9 trillion KRW > Ministry for Food, Agri., Forestry and Fisheries: 3.1 trillion KRW

7 Revival of Rivers: A New Korea Securing Water Improving water quality Protecting against floods Promoting Local Economy Restoring the River Ecosystem 7

8 What s done? : Project Scopes & Effects Flood Control Dredging: 450 million m 3, Flood Control & Water Detention: 5 Reinforcing old Levees: 784 km lowering Flood Water Levels (2-4m) Water Security Weir Construction: 16 Elevation of Reservoir Banks : 93 Increase 1.3 billion m 3 of water Water Quality Improvement Sewage Treatment Facilities: 1,281 Farmland Relocation : km 2 Water Quality Grade III II Ecological Restoration Ecological Wetlands: 11.8 million m 2 Preserving natural wildlife habitat Fish-ways: 33 sites Improve Natural Ecology & Promote Eco-tourism Waterfront Development Bicycle path: 1,757km Tourist attraction sites: 36 Better Quality of Life 8

9 1 FLOOD CONTROL DREDGING OF SEDIMENTED RIVERBED & AGRICULTURAL LAND REMODELING Increasing drainage capacity of the rivers Lowering flood level by dredging (450 million m3) Water Level Declined by Dredging Dredging 9

10 AGRICULTURAL LAND REMODELING Dredged soils are used for aggregate and improving agricultural lands Dredged accumulations are treated by the soil pollution standard BEFORE Farmlands AFTER Farmlands Sections for the agricultural land remodeling 10

11 2 WATER SECURITY 16 WEIRS: STORING 800 MILLION M 3 11

12 MOVABLE WEIRS Discharging Sedimentations periodically Controlling water level by flood forecast Lift Type Rotary Type (Rising Sector) Turning Type Sedimentation Discharge Water Level Control 12

13 3 WATER QUALITY & ECOLOGY IMPROVEMENT CLEAN WATER (SWIMMABLE WATER) 76% (2006) 86% (2012) * Estimated by National Institute of Environmental Research * Swimmable Water: Water Quality Grade II, BOD 3mg/L) Non-point Pollution Source Reduction Water Quality Improvement Facilities: 1,281 (3.9 trillion won) Sewage Facilities: 832 Total Phosphorus Treatment Plant:

14 4 ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION Preserving Endangered Species Propagation of Endangered Fishes Restoration of fish migration and natural wildlife habitat 14

15 5 WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENT Waterfront Eco Parks: Coexistence of the People and Natures Promenades, Water leisure sports area : Cultural Activities 454 Sport Facilities - Including 65 Soccer fields, 45 baseball fields, 1,529 campsites, etc. 36 Landscape View Points 15

16 BICYCLE ROADS Total 1,757 km - Han: 310, Nakdong: 665, Geum: 305, Yeongsan: 377,Saejae: 100 Eco-friendly paving materials & Utilize existing road Promoting Green Transportation Reuse of Abandoned Rail Hwacheon 16

17 6 PROJECT MANAGEMENT WEIR OPERATION BY THE INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Integrated River Management System Multi-purpose Weir (Small Scale Dam) Multi-purpose Dam & Flood Control Retention A comprehensive management through integrated approaches with weir, dam, flood control retention, etc. Agricultural Reservoir 17

18 Who Gets the Responsibilities? Project Organization Structure

19 Project Budget & Schedule Composition of Budget Improving Water Quality 3.4 Ecological Stream Restoration (unit : billion USD) Dredging Building weirs 5.5 Reinforcing levees & Construction of Dams 2.0 Embanking Agricultural reservoir Project Schedule Primary projects completed by 2011 Remaining projects will be completed by

20 Achievements : Adapting Climate Change Preventing flood Increase flood safety areas for bicentennial flood event > Watersheds of the Han: 30.4km2, Nakdong: 562.8km2, Geum: 88.7km2, Yeongsan: 18.4km2 Flood reduction effect (2011) Record-breaking rain during rainy season (June 20~July 17, 2011) > Rainfall over 640mm for 20days (2.6 times more than the average) Decrease in Flood W.L by Dredging (2~4m ) > Flood damage has decreased up to 1/10 times Water security Water shortage in Korea : 1.6 billion tons in 2016, 3.3 billion tons in 2060 > 1.3 billion tons secured by 4 rivers project Overcome Drought Secured 720 million m3 of additional water through construction of the weirs > No drinking water supply restriction around the main rivers (June, 2012)

21 Flood Control Effect in 2011 (Nakdong River) July 2006, 277mm July 2011, 290mm Overcome Drought May, 2009 June, 2012 May,

22 Achievements : Revitalizing Regional Economy Increasing demand for water-related travel and recreation Activate tourism and leisure after the Four Rivers Restoration Project > Yearly visitors: 141,260,000 > Market size: 1,504 billion KRW Comparison Leisure spaces Capacity (people) River tourism demand Before 2.5 km2 2,395 / year 4.5 % After km2 57,050 / year 12 % Note 10 times increase times increase 7.5 % increase Direct and Indirect Impact on Regional Economy Regional Employment Regional Income Han Geum Yeongsan Nakdong Han Geum Yeongsan Nakdong

23 Achievements : Build-up Green Growth Infrastructure Achieving High-Tech Fusion River Management Technology Integrating related river technology Solving (Water supply + Water Environment + Ecology + Culture + Recreation) > Flood management: Integrated management between dams and weirs > Water quality management: Integrated management between quantity and quality > Total pollution policy: Apply incentive and penalty of local government s River ecosystem restoration Breed endangered fishery species Planting : Arbor (188,000), Shrub (12,041,000), Vegetation(37million sq.m) Create ecological parks : 130km2 Increase in-stream flow to maintain function of aquatic ecosystem Disposal of waste matter along the four rivers : 2.87 million ton

24 Lessons from the project Need proper investment for valuable national asset Korea should have invested earlier for the sustainable river management > Invested 77.9 (Roads), 36.4 (Railroads), and 8.8 (Rivers) trillion KRW (in the last decade) Prevention Investment is the top priority, rather than recovery cost Under the political will, people aware the value of water Water resource is a critical factor in national security: Needs a government s leadership People understand that water is a scarce resource: somebody must pay for proper manage Realization of water as a green growth infrastructure Small hydro power generation (sustainable electricity, decrease CO 2 ) Increase opportunities of research and education in water resources and aquatic ecosystem Aware of economic effect of natural assets : promote evaluation of ecosystem services Generate various projects from local governments : leisure & culture, IT-Agriculture, etc.

25 Site Photos Geum River ( ) Geum River ( ) Marathon racing ( ) Maegdo District ( ) 25

26 Site Photos (weirs) 26

27 Overview of the Ipo Weir in the Han River

28 Overview of the Dalsung Weir in the Nakdong River

29 Gomanaru Waterfront Amphitheater in the Geum River

30 Musu fish-way in the Seomji River (Yeongsan River)

31 A bicycle path at the lower reach of the Woongpo bridge in the Geum River

32 An eco park in the waterfront of the Geum River

33 Thank you for your attention! 33