Industrial Waste Heat tapping into a neglected efficiency potential

Transcription

1 Industrial Waste Heat tapping into a neglected efficiency potential 07 June 2011 / Dr. Martin Pehnt / eceee Summer Study

2 1 On 6th June !... the German government discussed 8 new energy laws, among those: The Nuclear Power Law, basically leading to a phase-out of nuclear power by 2022 The Grid Extension Acceleration Law The Renewable Energy Act The Energy Economy Act... mainly dealing with electricity supply The Cogeneration Act The Energy Savings Decree The Efficiency Funding Act... mainly dealing with supply and demand-side efficiency 2

3 ifeu Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH Inhalt 1 Waste heat and the heat market in Germany 2 Technologies and potential 3 Barriers 4 Political measures to improve waste heat utilisation

4 1 Project Strategy of the National Climate Protection Initiative! Developing efficiency strategies for different subsectors of the economy and analysing the role of financial support schemes the macro-economic impacts Novel approaches towards efficiency, such as efficiency innovation support schemes Under-developed fields of efficiency support (in Germany), such as electric motors, waste heat, waste water,...! Waste heat report: Martin Pehnt Marlene Arens Eberhard Jochem, Farikha Idrissova! See à Energy à Energy Efficiency 4

5 1 Waste heat Q = c m T Have the heat at the right time and at the right place Appropriate temperature difference, considering material issues (corrosion,...), influence on the main process etc. 5

6 1 German Heat Market T: Trade and Commerce PH: Private Households 2000 PH RES/Misc. Final Energy Demand 2007 (PJ) T Industry Coal Elec. Gas District Heat 0 Space heating Hot water Process heat Oil Renewable heating law: Obligation to use a certain share of renewable energy for heating but only space heating and domestic hot water. BMWi

7 1 Industrial heat demand at different temperatures ( C) Geiger, FFE München 7

8 2 Technologies to recover waste heat (1) 1. Passive use of waste heat from exhaust air with district heating Air exhaust duct Exhaust air Waste heat Particle filter Ventilation Space heat 2. Passive use of waste heat from sewage water with district heating Waste water disposal line Space heat 8

9 2 ifeu Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH Waste heat: Example printing plant Sindelfingen Solvents Supply of 400 households with heat 1100 m heat pipeline Advantageous: No risk for production process Existing heating plant with redundant boiler Committed employees at printing plant and at local energy utility Quelle: Stadtwerke Sindelfingen/IFEU, ISI, IREES

10 2 Technologies to recover waste heat (2) 3. Electricity generation from waste heat Waste heat G Electricity Pump 4. Heat pumps Waste heat Vaporiser Expansion valve Compressor Space heat M MP\IFEU\NKI

11 2 ifeu Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH Waste heat: ORC turbine in cement plant Lengfurt Furnace exhaust gas and waste heat from clinker cooler The waste heat from the latter is used for a 1.1 MW ORC turbine ( = 7.8 %). Reduction of external electricity demand by 26 %. Payback period years Brandstätter 2008, IFEU ISI IREES

12 2 Share of waste heat > 140 C of final energy demand in Norway Enova

13 2 Little bottom-up information available. Detailed Norwegian study transfered to German circumstances:! Temperatures above 140 C: 316 PJ/a, 12 % of industrial final energy demand! Temperature between 60 und 140 C: Additional 160 PJ/a (6 %)! Plus waste heat in smaller businesses 13

14 3 Barriers Technological barriers No near-by heat sink No information about heat sink Time discrepancy Temperature level Production process Disturbance of operation Production reliability Boiler reliability Financial/administrative barriers Availability of funds Priority of core business Too high expectations re RoR Uncertain economic future Administrative efforts Information Search costs too high Lack of knowledge and personell IFEU, ISI, IREES

15 4 Policy Approaches Information, training Financial incentives Regulatory measures Promotion R & D - Vocational education - Energy consultancy - Calculation tools information system - Support for district heat based on waste heat - Feed-in tariff for electricity from waste heat legislation (mandatory heat utilisation concepts) - Primary Energy factors in building legislation award - Best practice database - System analysis - Hardware, such as heat logistics, storage, heat exchangers, thermo electrics etc. - Energy management - Life cycle cost information - Water law -... Framework: Energy prices, emission trading, industry commitments, further instruments IFEU 15

16 4 Information: The Waste Heat Map Saxony 16

17 4 Policy Approaches Information, training Financial incentives Regulatory measures Promotion R & D - Vocational education - Energy consultancy - Calculation tools information system - Support for district heat based on waste heat - Feed-in tariff for electricity from waste heat legislation (mandatory heat utilisation concepts) - Primary Energy factors in building legislation award - Best practice database - System analysis - Hardware, such as heat logistics, storage, heat exchangers, thermo electrics etc. - Energy management - Life cycle cost information - Water law -... Framework: Energy prices, emission trading, industry commitments, further instruments IFEU 17

18 4 Suggestions for financial incentives! Financial support for efficiency installations in SME! Expanding financial incentives to district heating with waste heat and heat transport systems Market incentive programme! Feed-in tariff for electricity from waste heat 8-15 Ct/kWh 18

19 4 Policy Approaches Information, training Financial incentives Regulatory measures Promotion R & D - Vocational education - Energy consultancy - Calculation tools information system - Support for district heat based on waste heat - Feed-in tariff for electricity from waste heat legislation (mandatory heat utilisation concepts) - Primary Energy factors in building legislation award - Best practice database - System analysis - Hardware, such as heat logistics, storage, heat exchangers, thermo electrics etc. - Energy management - Life cycle cost information - Water law -... Framework: Energy prices, emission trading, industry commitments, further instruments IFEU 19

20 4 Waste heat regulation, based on 1991 draft regulation Operator of a heat producing system must......create a self assessment of waste heat / heat utilisation concept when the system produces > 2000 MWh/a wast heat...avoid waste of fuel use...use waste heat within the company...produce electricity when waste heat> 1000 MWh/a, > 1000 h/a, >300 C...deliver waste heat to external customers when waste heat > 5000 MWh/a, >50 (liquid)/100 (steam)/150 C (gaseous)... Inform external customers about heat availbility when min. 10 MWh/m*a in less than 5 km distance When economically reasonable (payback period < life time) Draft of European Efficiency Directive: New industrial plants < 50 km from district heat have to make available the heat. 20

21 4 Policy Approaches Information, training Financial incentives Regulatory measures Promotion R & D - Vocational education - Energy consultancy - Calculation tools information system - Support for district heat based on waste heat - Feed-in tariff for electricity from waste heat legislation (mandatory heat utilisation concepts) - Primary Energy factors in building legislation award - Best practice database - System analysis - Hardware, such as heat logistics, storage, heat exchangers, thermo electrics etc. - Energy management - Life cycle cost information - Water law -... Framework: Energy prices, emission trading, industry commitments, further instruments IFEU 21

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23 6 ifeu Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH Thank you for your attention. Questions? Further reading? Dr. Martin Pehnt Ifeu Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH Wilckensstr. 3 D Heidelberg Fon: +49 (0) 6221 / Fax: +49 (0) 6221 / martin.pehnt@ifeu.de