London Pollution Study Group

Transcription

1 London Pollution Study Group Air Quality Impact Mitigation with Biomass Heating & CHP (Tri-generation) Gideon Richards Head of Heating & Cooling Renewable Energy Association 6 th. December. 2007

2 Content Key Considerations Biomass Technologies - Current and Future Uses Air Quality Abatement Technologies Summary

3 Key Considerations Project scale - both individual systems, community, district heating and CHP Use of advanced burning technologies Appropriate Appliances Appropriate Fuels Consistency of fuel quality Quality technology design, installation, set-up and maintenance Emission Abatement Technology

4 Biomass Technologies - Current and Future Uses

5 Hierarchy of Biomass Energy Community / District Heating, CHP or Trigen Schemes - Water & Heating + Electric Pellet, Chip, EfW Community Heating - Water & Heating Pellet, Chip, Straw or Grains House or Small Commercial Boiler Water, Heating & microchp Log, Pellet or Chip Multiple Room Space / Water Heating (Back Boiler or Ducted Air Log or Pellet Room Space Heater Log or Pellet

6 Biomass CHP Technologies >2MWe steam turbines economically and technically feasible Between 200kWe 2MWe Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) process is technologically mature <200kW at present only Stirling engines potentially viable.

7 Biomass Medium / Large CHP (1) Pfaffenhofen, Bravia - Germany Steam to baby-food producer (950m) District heating 150 customers between 15kW & 3.5MW (High-temp 13.4km, Medium-temp. 4.0km, Low temp. expanding for domestic) Cooling: 1 x Hosp. Cooling Cap. 300kW, 1 x 2 Offices 700kW, 1 x NH3 absorbtion chiller and electric piston compressor chiller (2 x 125kW), Brewery (at night) and Offices (district cooling during daytime (650kW)

8 Biomass Small / Medium CHP Talbott s, UK 200kW Thermal 100kW electric Mawera, Austria Stream Turbines MW electric

9 KWB Pellet Boiler, Austria 150kW Rotary grate furnace and Internal combustion cyclone Biomass Technologies Is said to reduce emissions through efficient fly ash separation and flue gas recirculation Courtsey of KWB/Econergy, 2007

10 Ökofen Condensing Boiler, Austria Biomass Technologies Integrated Flue Gas Condensation Tested as having 103% efficiency (against 85%-90+% of conventional pellet boiler Courtsey of Őkofen, Austria, 2004

11 Biomass microchp (1) Sunmachine, Germany kW Thermal 1.5 3kW electric

12 KWB, Austria Believed to be 1+ kwe Biomass microchp (2)

13 Austrian Appliance Emission Reduction

14 Total Suspended Particles mg/mj Limit in Austria 30 0 wood stove split wood boiler ÖkoFEN Standard 8 ÖkoFEN condensation 5 Quellen: Emissionsfaktoren für feste Brennstoffe, Johanneum Research Graz, 1998 Typenprüfberichte BLT Wieselburg, 2005

15 Torrified Chip & Pellet Biomass Technologies Created by burning biomass without oxygen Cleaner burning fuel (potentially) by removing volatiles Courtsey of KWB/Econergy, 2007

16 Air Quality Abatement Technologies

17 Can be used to reduce the flue emissions in small systems Need maintanence and Replacing relatively frequently Catalytic Blocks

18 Fabric-Filter (FF) Baghouse Usually associated with larger systems

19 Electrostatic Precipitator Usually associated with larger systems

20 Summary Many Drivers to stimulate CHP and Trigeneration Potentially biomass technologies and emissions abatement technologies at ALL scales Resources hierarchy and technology should be carefully matched Some difficulties to overcome Plenty of opportunities for the brave! More + s than - s

21 Thank You Gideon Richards Head of Heating & Cooling Contact Details: Tel: +44 (0)