Renewable Energy in the manufacturing and tourism industry in Egypt. Regulatory Framework and market potential
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1 Renewable Energy in the manufacturing and tourism industry in Egypt Regulatory Framework and market potential
2 Part 1 Electricity Self-consumption 2
3 Egypt s Electricity Sector Figures GW Peak Load 5% Annual Growth Rate of Peak Load 165 TWh % Generated Power Industrial Users Electricity from self-generation and cogeneration units in industry 3
4 Egypt s Power Market Structure Egypt s power market is regulated by Egypt Electric Utility and Consumer Protection Regulatory Agency (EgyptERA) Egypt s power market is dominated by the state-owned Egypt Electricity Holding Company (EEHC), which controls 90% of generation, 100% of transmission, and 99% of distribution The main actor in the field of renewables is the New and Renewable Energy Agency (NREA), which is both a project developer and a regulator 4
5 Egypt s Power Market Private GenCos 6 Generation Companies 3 IPPs Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company (EEHC) Private DisCos Our Mission 9 Distribution Companies (EEHC) Consumers Financial Flow Electricity Flow 5
6 Egypt s regulatory framework is favorable Egypt s electricity law allows private production of electricity for self-consumption and third party sales More than 7,600 square km of public land has been allocated for implementing RE projects NREA obtained all the necessary permits for land allocation Long term land use agreement (Usufruct agreements) are available against 2% of generated electricity from the project There is a customs duty exemption for renewable energy equipment The regulatory framework has been developed for large-scale wind projects and small-scale PV projects 6
7 The Merchant Plant Model (Large Scale) Source: El-Salmawy, H. (2014) The Regulatory Framework for the Development of Renewable Energy Market EETC Network Use Agreement Connection Contract Connection Contract Renewable Power Producer Energy Supply Agreement Consumer Usufruct Agreement License NREA EgyptERA NREA: New and Renewable Energy Agency EgyptERA: Electricity Regulatory Agency EETC: Egypt Electricity Transmission Company 7
8 Current Status of RE Merchant Plants 2007: Memorandum of Understanding with Egypt s government 2010: power generation license from EgyptERA June 2012: Usufruct agreement with NREA for 25 year in exchange for 2% of generated electricity June 2013: Third Party Access (TPA) agreement with EETC to use the national grid in exchange for 4% of generated electricity Italcementi s 120 MW self-consumption Wind Farm 8
9 The Net-metering Model (Small Scale) Source: El-Salmawy, H. (2014) The Regulatory Framework for the Development of Renewable Energy Market NREA Certification System provider Order PV system Prepare and submit technical dossier of project NREA: New and Renewable Energy Agency DisCo: Distribution Company Install and connect Approve the dossier Customer DisCo 9
10 Current Status of Net-metering Net-metering regulation was approved in January 2013 Currently, similar smallscale projects are being installed on government buildings in Egypt as part of Shamsek Ya Masr initiative The Ministry of Electricity and Energy installed 80 kw system to demonstrate the new regulation Roll out is expected to begin before the end of this year in the commercial sector 10
11 Current electricity prices do not encourage self-consumption Extra high voltage High Voltage Low and Medium Intensive industries (Steel - Cement - Aluminum - Copper Petrochemical) Industries (Flat glass - ceramic and porcelain) Other Industrial sectors Peak Peak Peak kwh kwh kwh kwh kwh Electricity price per kwh for industrial users Electricity price per kwh for Tourism users 11
12 Near-Future Drivers of Self-Consumption 1. Off-grid market 2. Fuel and electricity shortage 3. Demand Quotas 4. Subsidy phase-out 12
13 Off-grid market is a low hanging fruit Over 20,000 hotel rooms in resorts on the Red Sea coast are completely off-grid and rely on electricity from Diesel generators Cost of electricity ranges from 7 euro cents (subsidized diesel) to 30 euro cents (unsubsidized diesel) per kwh 80 Solar PV station with aggregate capacity of 70 MWp will be needed to meet the needs of these hotels Solar/diesel hybrid solution is the most cost-effective form of electricity 13
14 Electricity shortage for the foreseeable future Egypt has been suffering from serious blackouts for the past two years as a result of demand exceeding supply Industrial and commercial facilities are looking for solutions to ensure continuous supply of energy Italgen s 120 MW wind farm is intended as a hedge against electricity supply shortage Consultations held by RCREEE with other industrial facilities owners have revealed strong interest in at least one case to pursue RE solutions 14
15 Feed-in Tariff unlikely, Demand Quota is likely EgyptERA developed a complete Feed-in Tariff (FiT) framework in However, it is unlikely that this framework will be implemented because of the huge fiscal burden associated with such a program The government is considering a policy to impose RE quotas on certain sectors or subsectors including the industrial sector 15
16 500 MW of installed RE capacity needed to meet 4% quota on heavy Industrial users 9% % % 17% 7% GWh < 1 GWh 1 GWh - 5 GWh 5 GWh - 10 GWh 10 GWh - 50 GWh > 50 GWh 0 < 1 GWh 1 GWh - 5 GWh Industry 5 GWh - 10 GWh 10 GWh - 50 GWh > 50 GWh 16
17 When subsidies are phased out, RE becomes competitive Government is reportedly planning to phase out subsidies for large consumers in five years There is significant support from key industrial stakeholders for a gradual phase-out of subsidies Egypt generates its electricity from natural gas (NG) and petroleum products Real market pricing of electricity makes RE self-consumption economically viable 17
18 Part 2 Thermal Energy Self-consumption 18
19 Changing thermal energy economics $3 $6 Per MMBtu is the cost of fuel for Egypt s industries and hotels million cubic feet Egypt s natural gas and petroleum production fell short of demand for the first time Egypt will import natural gas per day in 2015 $10 - $14 Per MMBtu for imported natural gas 19
20 Solar Thermal Potential Collector area for industrial processes with 50 C [m²] Collector area for industrial processes with 70 C [m²] Solar contribution (with 50 C) [MWh/a] Solar contribution (with 70 C) [MWh/a] Tourism 786, , , ,060 Chemical 384,254 1,086, ,827 1,000,597 Food 333, , , ,480 Textile 125, , , ,343 Agriculture 96, , , ,999 Total 1,726,398 2,871,314 1,926,660 2,644,479 Source: IFC (2014) Market Study of Solar Thermal Energy for Industrial/Commercial Use (Pakistan, Egypt, Morocco), Final Draft. 20
21 $3.5 billion potential investment s in solar thermal Investment potential (payback <10 year) [USD] With Subsidies Investment potential (payback years) [USD] Investment potential (payback <10 year) [USD] Without Subsidies Investment potential (payback years) [USD] Tourism - 226,474,839 1,181,800, ,950,358 Chemical - 110,665,161 1,098,961, ,890,423 Food - 96,082, ,765, ,638,697 Textile - 36,050, ,580,347 93,605,863 Agriculture - 27,930, ,759,121 62,853,264 Source: IFC (2014) Market Study of Solar Thermal Energy for Industrial/Commercial Use (Pakistan, Egypt, Morocco), Final Draft. 21
22 Overview of EGYSOL Program 25% capital subsidy up to 250 m 2 Maintenance cost subsidy 4 USD per m 2 for the first two years 3 USD for the following two years 1000 m 2 The maximum each installer is allowed to install 22
23 Overview of UNIDO Solar Heating and Cooling Project Developing policy framework to support RE use in industrial and Creating a platform to promote partnership between local industries and technology suppliers commercial applications Supporting the deployment of solar thermal technologies Enhancing local manufacturing Setting up financial platform to facilitate access to capital 23
24 Growing demand for waste to energy Many ongoing fuel substitution initiatives in cement factories Cabinet decision in 2014 to approve the use of coal in cement factories stipulates the expansion of the use of municipal and agricultural waste to 40% of energy used A local expert has concluded that the share of RDF and biomass can be doubled to 25% without any major changes to the existing facilities Egyptian cement industry could use up to 1.4 million tons of rice straw and 1.4 million ton of refuse derived fuel 24
25 Case Study: Cement Thermal requirement is 160,000 TJ/year The current fuel mix is 58% natural gas, 28% heavy fuel oil (HFO), and 13% solid waste For three years, factories have been reportedly working at 50% of production capacity due to fuel shortages Government has already begun phasing out energy subsidies to this sector. Currently, cement factories get natural gas or low-quality fuel (mazot) for $6 per MMBtu instead of the previous price of $4. 25
26 Example: Suez Cement In December 2013, Suez Cement inaugurated the first waste-processing plant that converts pre-sorted waste into fuel. It is expected to process 35,000 tons of waste and provide 20% of the plant s fuel needs Suez Cement revealed plans that it will invest 40 million euros by 2017 to refurbish four of its cement plants in Egypt to use up to 20% waste for energy Suez Cement Company, with 5 cement factories, is reportedly willing to sign a five year contract for 500,000 tons per year of agricultural residues at $80 per ton 26
27 Agricultural residue: opportunity for innovation Egypt produces over 27 million tons of agricultural residues every year More than enough to meet thermal needs of factories and hotels The main challenge is waste collection and storage Need to innovate a cost-effective solution to collect and store agricultural residues Some entrepreneurs in Egypt are working on this issue but lack funding 27
28 Concluding Remarks This is a time of opportunity as the old subsidized energy system is coming to an end The basic regulatory building blocks for selfconsumption are in place The market potential is huge and winners will be the ones that enter early 28
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