How To Factor By Gcf In Algebra 1.5
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1 7-2 Factoring by GCF Warm Up Lesson Presentation Lesson Quiz Algebra 1
2 Warm Up Simplify. 1. 2(w + 1) 2. 3x(x 2 4) 2w + 2 3x 3 12x Find the GCF of each pair of monomials. 3. 4h 2 and 6h 2h 4. 13p and 26p 5 13p
3 Objective Factor polynomials by using the greatest common factor.
4 Recall that the Distributive Property states that ab + ac =a(b + c). The Distributive Property allows you to factor out the GCF of the terms in a polynomial to write a factored form of the polynomial. A polynomial is in its factored form when it is written as a product of monomials and polynomials that cannot be factored further. The polynomial 2(3x 4x) is not fully factored because the terms in the parentheses have a common factor of x.
5 Example 1A: Factoring by Using the GCF Factor each polynomial. Check your answer. 2x 2 4 2x 2 = 2 x x 4 = 2 2 Find the GCF. 2 2x 2 (2 2) 2(x 2 2) Check 2(x 2 2) 2x 2 4 The GCF of 2x 2 and 4 is 2. Write terms as products using the GCF as a factor. Use the Distributive Property to factor out the GCF. Multiply to check your answer. The product is the original polynomial.
6 Writing Math Aligning common factors can help you find the greatest common factor of two or more terms.
7 Example 1B: Factoring by Using the GCF Factor each polynomial. Check your answer. 8x 3 4x 2 16x 8x 3 = x x x 4x 2 = 2 2 x x 16x = x 2 2 x = 4x 2x 2 (4x) x(4x) 4(4x) 4x(2x 2 x 4) Check 4x(2x 2 x 4) 8x 3 4x 2 16x Find the GCF. The GCF of 8x 3, 4x 2, and 16x is 4x. Write terms as products using the GCF as a factor. Use the Distributive Property to factor out the GCF. Multiply to check your answer. The product is the original polynomials.
8 Example 1C: Factoring by Using the GCF Factor each polynomial. Check your answer. 14x 12x 2 1(14x + 12x 2 ) Both coefficients are 14x = 2 7 x negative. Factor out 1. 12x 2 = x x Find the GCF. 2 x = 2x The GCF of 14x and 12x 2 is 2x. 1[7(2x) + 6x(2x)] Write each term as a product using the GCF. 1[2x(7 + 6x)] Use the Distributive Property to factor out the GCF. 2x(7 + 6x)
9 Example 1C: Continued Factor each polynomial. Check your answer. 14x 12x 2 Check 2x(7 + 6x) 14x 12x 2 Multiply to check your answer. The product is the original polynomial.
10 Caution! When you factor out 1 as the first step, be sure to include it in all the other steps as well.
11 Example 1D: Factoring by Using the GCF Factor each polynomial. Check your answer. 3x 3 + 2x x 3 = 3 x x x 2x 2 = 2 x x 10 = 2 5 3x 3 + 2x 2 10 Find the GCF. There are no common factors other than 1. The polynomial cannot be factored further.
12 Check It Out! Example 1a Factor each polynomial. Check your answer. 5b + 9b 3 5b = 5 b 9b = 3 3 b b b b 5(b) + 9b 2 (b) b(5 + 9b 2 ) Check b(5 + 9b 2 ) 5b + 9b 3 Find the GCF. The GCF of 5b and 9b 3 is b. Write terms as products using the GCF as a factor. Use the Distributive Property to factor out the GCF. Multiply to check your answer. The product is the original polynomial.
13 Check It Out! Example 1b Factor each polynomial. Check your answer. 9d d 2 = 3 3 d d Find the GCF. 8 2 = d There are no common factors other than 1. The polynomial cannot be factored further.
14 Check It Out! Example 1c Factor each polynomial. Check your answer. 18y 3 7y 2 1(18y 3 + 7y 2 ) 18y 3 = y y y Both coefficients are negative. Factor out 1. 7y 2 = 7 y y Find the GCF. y y = y 2 The GCF of 18y 3 and 7y 2 is y 2. Write each term as a product 1[18y(y 2 ) + 7(y 2 )] 1[y 2 (18y + 7)] y 2 (18y + 7) using the GCF. Use the Distributive Property to factor out the GCF..
15 Check It Out! Example 1d Factor each polynomial. Check your answer. 8x 4 + 4x 3 2x 2 8x 4 = x x x x 4x 3 = 2 2 x x x 2x 2 = 2 x x Find the GCF. 2 x x = 2x 2 4x 2 (2x 2 ) + 2x(2x 2 ) 1(2x 2 ) 2x 2 (4x 2 + 2x 1) Check 2x 2 (4x 2 + 2x 1) 8x 4 + 4x 3 2x 2 The GCF of 8x 4, 4x 3 and 2x 2 is 2x 2. Write terms as products using the GCF as a factor. Use the Distributive Property to factor out the GCF. Multiply to check your answer. The product is the original polynomial.
16 To write expressions for the length and width of a rectangle with area expressed by a polynomial, you need to write the polynomial as a product. You can write a polynomial as a product by factoring it.
17 Example 2: Application The area of a court for the game squash is (9x 2 + 6x) square meters. Factor this polynomial to find possible expressions for the dimensions of the squash court. A = 9x 2 + 6x The GCF of 9x 2 and 6x is 3x. = 3x(3x) + 2(3x) = 3x(3x + 2) Write each term as a product using the GCF as a factor. Use the Distributive Property to factor out the GCF. Possible expressions for the dimensions of the squash court are 3x m and (3x + 2) m.
18 Check It Out! Example 2 What if? The area of the solar panel on another calculator is (2x 2 + 4x) cm 2. Factor this polynomial to find possible expressions for the dimensions of the solar panel. A = 2x 2 + 4x The GCF of 2x 2 and 4x is 2x. = x(2x) + 2(2x) = 2x(x + 2) Write each term as a product using the GCF as a factor. Use the Distributive Property to factor out the GCF. Possible expressions for the dimensions of the solar panel are 2x cm, and (x + 2) cm.
19 Sometimes the GCF of terms is a binomial. This GCF is called a common binomial factor. You factor out a common binomial factor the same way you factor out a monomial factor.
20 Example 3: Factoring Out a Common Binomial Factor Factor each expression. A. 5(x + 2) + 3x(x + 2) 5(x + 2) + 3x(x + 2) (x + 2)(5 + 3x) B. 2b(b 2 + 1)+ (b 2 + 1) 2b(b 2 + 1) + (b 2 + 1) 2b(b 2 + 1) + 1(b 2 + 1) (b 2 + 1)( 2b + 1) The terms have a common binomial factor of (x + 2). Factor out (x + 2). The terms have a common binomial factor of (b 2 + 1). (b 2 + 1) = 1(b 2 + 1) Factor out (b 2 + 1).
21 Example 3: Factoring Out a Common Binomial Factor Factor each expression. C. 4z(z 2 7) + 9(2z 3 + 1) There are no common 4z(z 2 7) + 9(2z 3 + 1) factors. The expression cannot be factored.
22 Factor each expression. Check It Out! Example 3 a. 4s(s + 6) 5(s + 6) 4s(s + 6) 5(s + 6) The terms have a common binomial factor of (s + 6). (4s 5)(s + 6) Factor out (s + 6). b. 7x(2x + 3) + (2x + 3) 7x(2x + 3) + (2x + 3) 7x(2x + 3) + 1(2x + 3) (2x + 3)(7x + 1) The terms have a common binomial factor of (2x + 3). (2x + 3) = 1(2x + 3) Factor out (2x + 3).
23 Check It Out! Example 3 : Continued Factor each expression. c. 3x(y + 4) 2y(x + 4) 3x(y + 4) 2y(x + 4) The expression cannot be factored. There are no common factors. d. 5x(5x 2) 2(5x 2) 5x(5x 2) 2(5x 2) (5x 2)(5x 2) (5x 2) 2 The terms have a common binomial factor of (5x 2 ). (5x 2)(5x 2) = (5x 2) 2
24 You may be able to factor a polynomial by grouping. When a polynomial has four terms, you can make two groups and factor out the GCF from each group.
25 Example 4A: Factoring by Grouping Factor each polynomial by grouping. Check your answer. 6h 4 4h h 8 (6h 4 4h 3 ) + (12h 8) 2h 3 (3h 2) + 4(3h 2) 2h 3 (3h 2) + 4(3h 2) (3h 2)(2h 3 + 4) Group terms that have a common number or variable as a factor. Factor out the GCF of each group. (3h 2) is another common factor. Factor out (3h 2).
26 Example 4A Continued Factor each polynomial by grouping. Check your answer. Check (3h 2)(2h 3 + 4) 3h(2h 3 ) + 3h(4) 2(2h 3 ) 2(4) Multiply to check your solution. 6h h 4h 3 8 6h 4 4h h 8 The product is the original polynomial.
27 Example 4B: Factoring by Grouping Factor each polynomial by grouping. Check your answer. 5y 4 15y 3 + y 2 3y (5y 4 15y 3 ) + (y 2 3y) 5y 3 (y 3) + y(y 3) 5y 3 (y 3) + y(y 3) (y 3)(5y 3 + y) Group terms. Factor out the GCF of each group. (y 3) is a common factor. Factor out (y 3).
28 Example 4B Continued Factor each polynomial by grouping. Check your answer. 5y 4 15y 3 + y 2 3y Check (y 3)(5y 3 + y) y(5y 3 ) + y(y) 3(5y 3 ) 3(y) 5y 4 + y 2 15y 3 3y Multiply to check your solution. 5y 4 15y 3 + y 2 3y The product is the original polynomial.
29 Check It Out! Example 4a Factor each polynomial by grouping. Check your answer. 6b 3 + 8b 2 + 9b + 12 (6b 3 + 8b 2 ) + (9b + 12) 2b 2 (3b + 4) + 3(3b + 4) 2b 2 (3b + 4) + 3(3b + 4) (3b + 4)(2b 2 + 3) Group terms. Factor out the GCF of each group. (3b + 4) is a common factor. Factor out (3b + 4).
30 Check It Out! Example 4a Continued Factor each polynomial by grouping. Check your answer. 6b 3 + 8b 2 + 9b + 12 Check (3b + 4)(2b 2 + 3) Multiply to check your solution. 3b(2b 2 ) + 3b(3)+ (4)(2b 2 ) + (4)(3) 6b 3 + 9b+ 8b b 3 + 8b 2 + 9b + 12 The product is the original polynomial.
31 Check It Out! Example 4b Factor each polynomial by grouping. Check your answer. 4r r + r (4r r) + (r 2 + 6) 4r(r 2 + 6) + 1(r 2 + 6) 4r(r 2 + 6) + 1(r 2 + 6) (r 2 + 6)(4r + 1) Group terms. Factor out the GCF of each group. (r 2 + 6) is a common factor. Factor out (r 2 + 6).
32 Check It Out! Example 4b Continued Factor each polynomial by grouping. Check your answer. Check (4r + 1)(r 2 + 6) 4r(r 2 ) + 4r(6) +1(r 2 ) + 1(6) 4r r +r r r + r Multiply to check your solution. The product is the original polynomial.
33 Helpful Hint If two quantities are opposites, their sum is 0. (5 x) + (x 5) 5 x + x 5 x + x
34 Recognizing opposite binomials can help you factor polynomials. The binomials (5 x) and (x 5) are opposites. Notice (5 x) can be written as 1(x 5). 1(x 5) = ( 1)(x) + ( 1)( 5) = x + 5 = 5 x So, (5 x) = 1(x 5) Distributive Property. Simplify. Commutative Property of Addition.
35 Example 5: Factoring with Opposites Factor 2x 3 12x x by grouping. 2x 3 12x x (2x 3 12x 2 ) + (18 3x) 2x 2 (x 6) + 3(6 x) 2x 2 (x 6) + 3( 1)(x 6) 2x 2 (x 6) 3(x 6) (x 6)(2x 2 3) Group terms. Factor out the GCF of each group. Write (6 x) as 1(x 6). Simplify. (x 6) is a common factor. Factor out (x 6).
36 Check It Out! Example 5a Factor each polynomial by grouping. 15x 2 10x 3 + 8x 12 (15x 2 10x 3 ) + (8x 12) 5x 2 (3 2x) + 4(2x 3) 5x 2 (3 2x) + 4( 1)(3 2x) 5x 2 (3 2x) 4(3 2x) (3 2x)(5x 2 4) Group terms. Factor out the GCF of each group. Write (2x 3) as 1(3 2x). Simplify. (3 2x) is a common factor. Factor out (3 2x).
37 Check It Out! Example 5b Factor each polynomial by grouping. 8y 8 x + xy (8y 8) + ( x + xy) 8(y 1)+ (x)( 1 + y) 8(y 1)+ (x)(y 1) (y 1)(8 + x) Group terms. Factor out the GCF of each group. (y 1) is a common factor. Factor out (y 1).
38 Lesson Quiz: Part I Factor each polynomial. Check your answer x + 20x 3 4x(4 + 5x 2 ) 2. 4m 4 12m 2 + 8m 4m(m 3 3m + 2) Factor each expression. 3. 7k(k 3) + 4(k 3) (k 3)(7k + 4) 4. 3y(2y + 3) 5(2y + 3) (2y + 3)(3y 5)
39 Lesson Quiz: Part II Factor each polynomial by grouping. Check your answer. 5. 2x 3 + x 2 6x 3 (2x + 1)(x 2 3) 6. 7p 4 2p p 18 (7p 2)(p 3 + 9) 7. A rocket is fired vertically into the air at 40 m/s. The expression 5t t + 20 gives the rocket s height after t seconds. Factor this expression. 5(t 2 8t 4)
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called and explain why it cannot be factored with algebra tiles? and explain why it cannot be factored with algebra tiles?
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5 means to write it as a product something times something instead of a sum something plus something plus something.
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