Carrier Ethernet for Cloud Computing

Transcription

1 O v e r t u r e N e t w o r k s W h i t e P a p e r Carrier Etheret for Cloud Computig Cloud Computig caot exist without Cloud Networkig. Carrier Etheret is the optimal solutio for cloud access ad etwork coectivity withi the cloud. Scott Kox, Director Solutios Developmet The virtualized services model of cloud computig has sigificat implicatios o today s etwork, ad how it is evolvig to the etwork of tomorrow. The etwork impact of cloud computig is i fact so sigificat that ay discussio o cloud computig should also iclude cloud etworkig. Without the etwork, there could be o cloud. Sice Carrier Etheret is the optimal etworkig solutio for coectio orieted services ad the optimal Layer-2 for IP services, is also the optimal solutio for cloud computig. The best way to see the role of Carrier Etheret i cloud computig is to look at the similarities ad differeces i etwork ifrastructure as applicatios ad services evolve from a traditioal eterprise-cetric architecture to a dataceter eabled architecture ad fially to a cloud computig architecture. Traditioal Eterprise Architecture The traditioal eterprise etwork architecture has most, if ot all, of the applicatios, computig resources ad databases located at the eterprise locatio (Figure 1). The CAPEX ad OPEX of the servers ad applicatios are dedicated to ad maaged by the eterprise. Dedicated Applicatios o Eterprise Premise - - CRM - ERP - Storage - Web Presece - Desk-top Applicatios - Accoutig Public IP Networks Private Networks Customers Vedors Remote Eterprise Offices Carrier Etheret or IP over Carrier Etheret Figure 1. Carrier Etheret i Traditioal Eterprise Architecture

2 Network Coectivity to remote eterprise offices, customers, vedors ad parters is via a combiatio of public ad private etworkig. There teds to be may coectios via private etworkig to dedicated users ad applicatios, ad a few large coectios to applicatios that are drivig scalable badwidth. The coectio to the public etwork is typically a broadbad coectio for user access to public Iteret cotet, ad is also sometimes used with Layer-3 VPN solutios to provide secure tuel coectios for itra-et applicatios. Attributes of traditioal eterprise etworks iclude: O-site users have Local Area Network (LAN) coectivity to applicatios. Multi-locatio eterprises use private etworkig to coect remote offices to applicatios, or have separate dedicated applicatios at each locatio Eablig applicatios for mobile users ca be difficult Access badwidth ad exteral coectio eeds ca scale quickly for applicatios such as web presece, Customer-to-Busiess (CTB) or Busiess-to-Busiess (BTB) e-commerce. Carrier Etheret eables CAPEX ad OPEX efficiecies to all aspects of the ed-to-ed service for traditioal eterprise etworks icludig: Ed-ed private etworkig with Layer-2 Etheret Etheret Access to Public-IP ad Private-IP etworks Layer-1 ad/or Layer-2 ifrastructure for Public-IP ad Private-IP etworks Dataceter Eabled Architecture Dataceters offer the ecoomy of large-scale, purpose-built space, power, HVAC (Heatig, Vetilatio ad Air Coditioig) ad maagemet of computers, servers ad storage. Fully equipped server space costs $400-$600 per square foot; outsourcig the costructio ad maagemet to dataceter maagemet compaies is more cost effective ad removes the direct CAPEX ad OPEX burde from eterprises. A added bous is a high degree of scalable, resiliet etwork coectivity from multiple etwork providers. The typical eterprise today has moved at least some portio of their applicatios ito a dataceter eviromet (Figure 2). The first applicatios to move to the dataceter are those that require a large-scale server eviromet, ad those that require a large amout of badwidth ad coectivity outside the eterprise such as web hostig. Other applicatios such as storage ad backup must be moved off-site to meet redudacy ad Sarbaes-Oxley requiremets. Additioal applicatios move depedig o the scale ad scope of the eterprise ad their IT maagemet model. Dedicated Applicatios Migrate to Dataceter Dedicated Servers, Dedicated Applicatios Examples: Web Presece Storage Public IP Network Customers - - CRM - ERP - Desk-top Applicatios - Accoutig Data Ceter Private Network(s) Vedors Remote Eterprise Offices Figure 2. Dataceter Architecture Carrier Etheret or IP over Carrier Etheret 2

3 The busiess relatioship betwee the eterprise ad the dataceter service provider ca rage from basic co-locatio to fully maaged ad hosted services. I the co-locatio model, the eterprise ows ad maages the applicatios o the servers; with the dataceter providig the space, power, ad coectivity. I the fully maaged model, the dataceter ows ad maages the servers as well, with servers typically dedicated for each eterprise. There are also solutios where the dataceter ower provides physical maagemet of the servers, ad a 3rd party ASP (Applicatios Service Provider) provides the applicatios ad hightouch applicatio maagemet. Dataceters chage the etworkig profile i several ways. For applicatios which have sigificat coectivity outside the eterprise such as web presece, this reduces the eed for access badwidth to the eterprise sice users coect via the Iteret directly to the web servers at the dataceter. O the other had, access badwidth for applicatios iteral to the eterprise icreases whe these move outside the eterprise. The scalig badwidth eeds for all applicatios meas a et sigificat icrease i total etworkig capacity. Most eterprises make sigificat chages ad upgrades to their IT architecture whe applicatios ad servers are trasitioed to a dataceter. Istead of simply movig old iro to the dataceter, most eterprises upgrade to ew server platforms ad migrate from legacy etwork techologies such as ATM, Frame Relay, or Fiber Distributed Data Iterface (FDDI) to Carrier Etheret. The et impact of dataceters o the etwork architecture is a dramatic icrease i the eed for Carrier Etheret solutios. The quatity of badwidth, the icrease i performace ad reliability requiremets ad the focus o CAPEX ad OPEX efficiecy make the move the Carrier Etheret the optimal choice. Cloud Computig I cloud computig, applicatios completely move from dedicated hardware/software at the eterprise or a specific dataceter ito the cloud. Applicatios move ito the cloud - - CRM - ERP - Storage - Web Presece - Desk-top Applicatios - Accoutig Customers Vedors Remote Eterprise Offices Carrier Etheret or IP over Carrier Etheret Figure 3. Cloud Architecture O the surface, the cloud architecture (Figure 3) may ot look that much differet from applicatios i a traditioal dataceter. The differece beeath the surface is there are o dedicated servers for each eterprise or eve dedicated applicatios for each applicatio. Applicatios ca be istatiated o ay server i the cloud, ad ca grow, migrate or replicate to other platforms as eeded to eable scalability, optimizatio or resiliecy. 3

4 Some compaies like Google ad Amazo are aggressively developig ad deliverig services for the complete ed-to-ed cloud market. These full service cloud ifrastructure compaies provide the physical servers ad dataceters, the cloud operatig system ifrastructure, ad applicatios. Others compaies are targetig subsets of the cloud where they have a core competecy. The complete cloud solutio is made up of the followig compoets: Physical Server Ifrastructure Operatig System Foudatio Applicatio Layer Network Physical Server Ifrastructure The ed game for cloud computig is for applicatios to be completely virtualized to ru o ay server i the cloud. Sometimes called Ifrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) or utility computig, these ca scale o demad, elimiatig the eed for dedicated servers per user or dedicated istaces of software for each user. This complete virtualizatio results i eve more ecoomy tha the traditioal dataceter model, where servers are dedicated to a customer applicatio, ad a separate istace of the software must be istalled, maaged, maitaied ad customized for each customer. Sice average eterprise servers are oly 5%-15% utilized, this eables a sigificat improvemet i operatig efficiecy ad cost. The typical 100,000 sq/ft. dataceter costs $45M to $60M to costruct. The power ad coolig costs are eormous; dataceters are desiged to support from Watts of power per square foot which traslates to Megawatts of power per dataceter. Power is such a huge topic that access to cost-effective ad scalable power is a major decisio poit o where dataceters are located. For example, Google located a cloud dataceter i The Dalles, Orego to be ext to a hydroelectric power plat o the Columbia River. Dataceters are rated o their PUE (Power Use Effectiveess), which is a ratio of total power cosumed to power actually use by the server equipmet; the excess goes to coolig the equipmet. A typical dataceter has a PUE of 2:1, meaig that for every 2 Megawatts of power cosumed, 1 Megawatt is used by the computig equipmet ad 1 Megawatt is used for coolig ad maagemet. Cloud computig offers the promise of improvig this ratio to 1.3:1, a 70% improvemet i power efficiecy. This is a sigificat improvemet i the gree factor - greeer for the eviromet ad more gree for the bottom lie. Operatig System Foudatio Virtualized applicatios o multiple servers that ca be located aywhere i the cloud is a sigificat desig chage. Most applicatios were desiged to ru o a sigle server istace or at most a few well defied servers at oce. Completely virtualized applicatios that ca scale ad replicate to ew servers o the fly require a whole ew operatig system costruct. Sometimes called Platform-as-a-Service (Paas), these solutios provide the foudatio ad applicatio developmet eviromet to desig, develop, test ad deploy highly virtualized custom applicatios. Notable examples iclude: Google App Egie (GAE) Amazo Web Services (AWS) Force.com 4

5 Applicatio Layer Cloud eabled applicatios differ from the traditioal eterprise IT model where the eterprise ows ad maages a dedicated istace of the applicatio. Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) eables complete virtualizatio ad sharig of applicatio processig ad storage resources i a oe-to-may eviromet. The primary advatages iclude: Pay per use or subscriptio based paymet methods Rapid scalability Commo versio cotrol - all cliets are o same codebase, easy to maage software upgrades Ecoomy of scale for software maagemet ad security No local cliet or server istallatio, access from ay etwork coected device. SaaS solutios iclude: Customer Relatioship Maagemet (CRM) - Tools for maagig customer iteractio, sales, marketig, customer service ad techical support. Example compaies iclude Salesforce.com, SAP ad Oracle. Eterprise Resource Plaig (ERP) - Tools for maagig fiace, accoutig, huma resources, maufacturig, sales ad supply chai iformatio across the etire orgaizatio. Example compaies iclude Microsoft ERP, Oracle ERP, SAP ad Ariba. Security - As customer applicatios move ito the cloud from the customer locatio, security fuctios which used to reside o the desktop or at the eterprise firewall move as well. Example compaies which have cloud eabled security solutios iclude RSA, Symatec ad IBM. Cloud solutios ca provide traditioal security with more flexibility ad ecoomy as well as ew embedded security capabilities required whe applicatios are distributed withi the cloud. Storage - Traditioal Storage Area Networkig (SAN) ad Network Attached Storage (NAS) applicatios move ito the cloud usig geeral purpose servers ad disk space. Storage becomes oe more applicatio that ca reside aywhere i the cloud istead of a specialized applicatio o specialized devices. This eables a orderof-magitude reductio i the cost of storage while eablig more flexibility. Desktop Applicatios - Tools that were traditioally dedicated o each desktop are beig adapted to become solutios istatiated i the SaaS model. Examples iclude Google Apps, Webex ad Quickbooks. Cloud Networkig The coectivity betwee the cloud servers ad cloud computig dataceters is a fudametal eabler of the cloud. Equally importat is the access etwork that coects the eterprise ad customer to the cloud. Carrier Etheret is ideally suited for both cloud access etworkig ad cloud ifrastructure etworkig. This becomes evidet whe you cosider the etworkig requiremets of cloud computig: Highly Scalable Badwidth - Carrier Etheret eables flows from 1Mb to 10GigE, with complete service differetiatio ad service assurace capabilities. Service Differetiatio - Robust Class-of-Service (CoS) ad Quality-of-Service (QoS) are required to eable scalig of may customers ad applicatios o a shared ifrastructure. Carrier Etheret solutios with flow level Class-of-Service ad hierarchical Quality-of-Service eable guarateed badwidth per customer, differetiatio betwee low ad high priority applicatios, ad differetiatio betwee real-time d o-real-time applicatios. 5

6 Performace Assurace - Customers ad service providers eed tools to guaratee ed-to-ed performace. As applicatios move ito the cloud, customers require eve move etwork performace visibility. Eterprises are etrustig their missio critical applicatios to someoe outside of their firewall, ad there are multiple players i the ed-to-ed service. Carrier Etheret provides tools for ed-ed coectivity ad performace moitorig with IEEE802.3ah, IEEE802.1ag, ad ITU Y Resiliecy - Missio critical applicatios will ot be trusted to best-effort coectios. Whe eterprises move applicatios off-site ito the cloud, they caot tolerate loss of coectivity. Carrier Etheret eables protectio switchig to a redudat path i the evet of a fiber cut or ode failure i less tha 50ms usig Lik Aggregatio or ITU G.8032 Etheret Rig. Market leadig solutios switch i 20ms. Etheret Ecoomics - Etheret is the most cost effective iterface to the customer LAN ad o the routers, switches ad servers i the cloud computig dataceters. Carrier Etheret empowers these devices to coect directly to the WAN usig their ative iterfaces by providig all the performace, security ad maagemet features required i the WAN eviromet. Removig the iterworkig with legacy etworkig techologies simplifies the etwork, reduces CAPEX ad OPEX. Eterprises wat solutios that are based o Carrier Etheret due the superior cost, performace, reliability ad scalability advatages. Network service providers have chose Carrier Etheret for the same reasos - it eables massive scalig of their etwork ad services, provides itegrated SLA (Service Level Agreemet) maagemet tools, high resiliecy ad a sigificat CAPEX ad OPEX advatage over alterative techologies. Coectios withi the cloud ifrastructure iclude direct coectios betwee dataceters ad carrier-tocarrier itercoectios. These are already 1GigE ad 10GigE coectios, ad i may cases will grow to 40/100GigE i the future. Carrier Etheret over direct fiber or as a wavelegth o a DWDM solutio is the optimal solutio to meet the cost, performace ad scalability for these coectios. Carrier Etheret service providers may use private etwork itercoectio, or may use Carrier Etheret Exchage poits to itercoect with other carriers to provide the ed-ed core coectivity. A Carrier Etheret Exchage provides a eutral itercoect poit betwee service providers. Cloud access etworkig coects eterprise offices to the cloud. Access to the cloud ca occur i a umber of ways: Direct coectio - Large eterprises may use a direct coectio to a cloud-eabled dataceter. 1GigE or 10GigE Carrier Etheret o a dedicated fiber or as a wavelegth o a DWDM (Dese Wavelegth Divisio Multiplexig) system provides resiliet, scalable coectivity to the cloud dataceter. Etheret over SONET/SDH may also be used. Carrier Etheret Exchage - Carrier Etheret Exchages are ot just for itra-cloud coectios, they brig beefits to access as well. Eterprises beefit by havig the larger geographic coverage ad diversity optios of all the exchage carrier member etworks. I this way, a eterprise that does ot have direct coectivity to a cloud locatio ca realize direct coectivity with access to the eterprise exchage provided by Carrier A which the itercoects via aother carrier from the exchage ode to cloud odes. Etheret Virtual Private Networkig - Carrier Etheret VPN services eable scalable, guarateed badwidth services over a switched Carrier etwork. This provides the same performace as a dedicated etwork, with the cost advatage of leveragig a shared etwork ifrastructure from a Carrier Etheret service provider. For example, a eterprise locatio that eeds 20Mb of access to cloud services realizes the cost beefit of services provided over a multi-gigabit or 10GigE etwork. Public Iteret Access - Some eterprise locatios may use Layer-3 VPN applicatios to eable secure access to cloud services. I these applicatios, the access to the Iteret Service Provider (ISP) is optimized by usig a Layer-2 Carrier Etheret ifrastructure. 6

7 For all of these access methods, eterprises reap the cost ad performace advatages of 1GigE ad 10GigE ative Etheret ifrastructure wherever fiber is available to the eterprise. Carrier Etheret is a smart way to leverage existig ifrastructure U.S. as well. Eve though the percetage of eterprises served Europe by fiber has doubled i the last 5 years, there are still a large umber of eterprise locatios that do ot have fiber coectivity. Accordig to Vertical Systems group, oly 15% of 2009 Busiess Fiber Availability % of Buildigs with 20+ Employees 22.9% 15.1% Source: Vertical Systems Group 2011 Europea ad 23% of US busiesses have fiber access. This leaves over 1 Millio eterprise locatios globally without direct fiber access. Etheret over SONET/SDH or Etheret over PDH (DS1/E1, DS3/E3) is a smart way to leverage existig ifrastructure to provide ubiquitous service ad stretch limited CAPEX dollars. Itelliget Carrier Etheret Access Platforms provide the flow-level service differetiatio ad service assurace features to leverage existig trasport. This eables cosistet SLA capability ad seamless ed-ed fault ad performace maagemet which are agostic to the uderlyig trasport etwork. 1GigE - 10GigE Carrier Etheret Carrier Etheret over SONET/SDH Carrier Etheret over DS1/E1, DS3/E3 Figure 4. Carrier Etheret access over ay ifrastructure May small-medium eterprise locatios use legacy data trasport solutios for their Public IP ad Private IP applicatios. These iclude IP/PPP, IP/MLPPP ad IP or Frame Relay over sigle DS1/E1 or boded DS1/E1. I may cases, these CPE solutios will stay i place for years util the customer is ready to trasitio to a ew techology. This creates a challege for the carrier who eeds to covert his service edge switch/routers to scalable GigE iterfaces ad elimiate the expesive, processig itesive chaelized iterfaces. A smart solutio i these cases is to use a IP services iterworkig ad aggregatio solutio that iterworks betwee these legacy protocols ad ative Etheret. This solutio is iserted betwee the CPE ad the cloud service edge, either at a remote POP or at the service hub site. This offloads the expesive, low-desity chaelized iterfaces from the service edge switch/router, freeig it to scale usig cost effective, high-desity GigE iterfaces. The CPE equipmet still utilizes the existig iterfaces without ay CAPEX or operatioal chages required. 7

8 Edge Routers $$$$ Chaelized Iterfaces Legacy Problem TDM Network CPE Routers Scalable Cloud Service Edge IP Services Iterworkig Solutio ISG 6000 CPE Routers GigE TDM Network Figure 5. IP-services Iterworkig brigs the Cloud to Legacy Locatios Acroyms CCM Cotiuity ASP Applicatios Service Provider ATM Asychroous Trasport Mode FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Iterface BTB Busiess to Busiess CoS Class of Service CRM Customer Relatioship Maagemet CTB Customer to Busiess ERP Eterprise Resource Plaig GFP Geeric Frame Procedure HVAC Heatig, Vetilatio ad Air Coditioig IaaS Ifrastructure as a Service ISP Iteret Service Provider LAN Local Area Network LCAS Lik Capacity Adjustmet Scheme MLPPP Multi-Lik Poit-to-Poit Protocol NAS Network Attached Storage PaaS Platform as a Service PUE Power Use Effectiveess QoS Quality of Service SaaS Software as a Service SAN Storage Area Networkig SDH Sychroous Digital Hierarchy SLA Service Level Agreemet SONET Sychroous Optical Network TDM Time Domai Multiplexig VCAT Virtual Cocateatio VPN Virtual Private Networkig WAN Wide Area Network Summary Cloud etworkig is a fudametal compoet of cloud computig, there could be o cloud without a etwork to coect customers to the cloud, ad to coect the servers ad applicatios withi the distributed cloud. As applicatios move ito the cloud, performace ad reliability requiremets icrease. Eterprises are etrustig their missio critical applicatios to providers outside their firewall. The cloud is ot oe moolithic provider; it is made up of may etworks ad service providers which further icreases the requiremet for high performace etworkig with fie-grai service differetiatio ad assurace capabilities. Cloud ifrastructure providers leverage 1GigE ad 10GigE Carrier Etheret coectios iside the cloud today, growig to 40/100GigE i the future. Eterprises ad access service providers use 1GigE ad 10GigE Carrier Etheret where fiber is available to coect eterprise locatios to the cloud. Etheret over SONET/SDH or Etheret over PDH are smart ways to leverage existig ifrastructure to eable ubiquitous cloud services whe ative Etheret over fiber or Etheret radio are ot available. Carrier Etheret is the optimal etwork solutio to deliver the scalability, performace, reliability ad ecoomics required by cloud computig. Every etwork service provider that is deliverig Carrier Etheret services is either directly or idirectly a part of cloud computig services, ad the growth tred is acceleratig. For Carrier Etheret service providers, a Cloudy forecast is somethig to smile about. About Overture Networks Overture Networks is the preferred Carrier Etheret edge ad aggregatio parter to more tha 250 service providers ad eterprise customers i 34 coutries worldwide, icludig 10 of the top 15 US Carrier Etheret service providers. Its iovative solutios have prove to be itegral to a service provider s ability to fully leverage Carrier Etheret to multiply service reveues ad streamlie operatioal costs. Headquartered i Research Triagle Park, NC, with a techology ceter i Richardso, TX, Overture Networks is reletlessly focused o providig solutios at the ever-expadig edge of the etwork. With its patet-protected, award-wiig family of products for both busiess services ad cell site backhaul, Overture Networks uiquely combies the packet-switched ad circuit-switched worlds ito a sigle architecture at cost poits that make it extremely attractive to offer Carrier Etheret services to ay size locatio over optical fiber or copper trasport. For more iformatio, visit Overture Networks, Ic. Research Triagle Park, NC tel: Overture Networks, Ltd. Warwick, UK tel: +(44) Specificatios subject to chage without otice 2011 Overture Networks, Ic. All rights reserved A Rev 01