(VCP-310)

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2 Maual VMware Lesso 1: Uderstadig the VMware Product Lie I this lesso, you will first lear what virtualizatio is. Next, you ll explore the products offered by VMware that provide virtualizatio services. What is Virtualizatio? Virtualizatio is a hardware abstractio solutio that allows multiple guest operatig systems to ru simultaeously o a sigle physical host. Each of these qualifyig factors will be explored i more detail below: Hardware abstractio is a techology that allows differet operatig systems to ru o the same hardware without the eed for direct hardware access. The hardware access is provided through a virtualizatio layer, which is usually called the hypervisor. While you ca ru a sigle operatig system withi a virtual implemetatio, the real beefit is realized whe multiple operatig systems ru cocurretly. For example, you ca ru two Widows Server 2003 virtual machies (VMs) alogside a Liux VM all o the same physical host. Virtualizatio is differet tha dual-bootig. Dual-bootig allows you to ru differet operatig systems o the same hardware, but these operatig systems do ot ru simultaeously. With virtualizatio, the operatig systems do ru simultaeously, which allows for physical machie cosolidatio. All of the VMs may ru o a sigle physical host machie. Of course, you will eed more power i the host machie tha would be required to ru ay of the VMs atively, but the cosolidatio provides several beefits that will be explaied later. A key term, refereced previously, is the word hypervisor. The hypervisor is the layer betwee the hardware ad the VMs. Two basic types of hypervisors exist: bare-metal ad hosted. A bare-metal hypervisor (also kow as a Type-1 hypervisor) rus directly o the hardware ad the VMs ru above the hypervisor layer. A hosted hypervisor (also kow as a Type-2 hypervisor) rus o top of the host operatig system (usually Widows or Liux) ad the the VMs ru above the hypervisor layer. The bare-metal hypervisors outperform the hosted hypervisors o like hardware. Figure 1.1 provides a visual represetatio of the two hypervisor classes. Figure 1.1: Bare-metal vs. Hosted LearSmart Cloud Classroom: Video Traiig Mauals

3 Maual VMware ples of bare-metal hypervisors iclude: VMware ESX 3.5 ad ESXi Microsoft Hyper-V ples of hosted hypervisors iclude: VMware Server Virtual Server 2005 R2 VMware Workstatio Virtual PC 2007 Virtualizatio Beefits Virtualizatio provides several beefits, icludig: Reduced hardware costs. You ca implemet the eeded logical servers ad services o fewer physical devices. Icreased hardware utilizatio. Uder-utilized servers are o loger a issue. Several curretly uder-utilized servers ca be combied o a sigle virtual host. Improved eergy efficiecy. Eergy efficiecy is improved from two perspectives. First, fewer physical devices are eeded ad, therefore, less power is cosumed. Secod, fewer physical devices are geeratig heat ad, therefore, less coolig is eeded. Improved admiistratio. Virtual servers are easier to admiister from a hardware perspective. If the physical host machie should fail, all VMs are simply placed o a ew host machie ad brought olie. Recovery time is usually less tha a hour eve without the advaced virtual ifrastructure (VI) solutios VMware provides. Simplified disaster recovery. Disaster recovery is simplified as you ca implemet a hot failover site that is completely drive by virtualizatio. Sice very little is required i the way of hardware, the etire virtual etwork ca be up ad ruig i miutes or hours. Additioal beefits may be realized i uique scearios, but these are the commo beefits for all orgaizatios. VMware Products The VMware product lie is extesive. As the leader i virtualizatio solutio, VMware provides techologies for both small-scale ad large-scale istallatios. To help you uderstad the product lie best, we ll look at the products from two perspectives: virtualizatio products ad maagemet products. Virtualizatio Products The VMware virtualizatio product lie icludes several solutios for differet scearios. Some products are used to provide desktop virtualizatio ad others provide powerful server virtualizatio solutios. LearSmart Cloud Classroom: Video Traiig Mauals

4 Maual VMware VMware Workstatio VMware Workstatio is a hosted hypervisor solutio that is iteded for desktop virtualizatio ad test eviromets. VMware Workstatio rus o Widows 2000 through Widows Vista as of versio 6.5. Additioally, may distributios of Liux support VMware workstatio icludig Red Hat, SUSE, opesuse ad Ubutu. VMware Workstatio is cheaper tha ESX 3.5, but it does ot perform as well sice it is a hosted virtualizatio solutio. VMware Server VMware Server is a earlier virtualizatio product offered by VMware. It is a hosted product that very closely mirrors the curret VMware Workstatio product. It has bee replaced with ESXi ad ESX 3.5 as the recommed virtualizatio solutio for virtual servers. However, it is still available ad is a free product. VMware Server 2.0 supports moder operatig systems like Widows Server 2008 ad Vista. NOTE: VMware Server is oly supported o Widows server host operatig systems; however, you ca istall it o several distributios of Liux ad it ca host Widows cliet operatig systems as guest VMs. ESX ESX 3.5 ad ESXi are the bare-metal virtualizatio solutios offered by VMware. With the release of VSphere, ESX moved to versio 4.0. The differeces betwee ESX 3.5 ad ESXi are importat. ESX 3.5 is a licesed product ad ESXi is free. ESX 3.5 icludes a Service Cosole (SC) for local maagemet of the host machie ad ESCi lacks this SC. ESXi has a smaller footprit of oly 32 MB ad is maaged by the vceter maagemet cosole. Do t let the word free fool you, however. ESXi is maaged usig licesed remote tools. I other words, you really get a smaller footprit VM host with ESXi, but you still pay liceses i order to maage it. VMware Server 2.0, however, is completely free eve from a maagemet perspective. Maagemet Products The maager products VMware offers are part of the Virtual Ifrastructure (VI) 3 suite or part of the ew vsphere suite. VMware Virtual Ifrastructure 3 The Virtual Ifrastructure (VI) 3 suite icludes several compoets that work together to form a eterprise-ready virtualizatio solutio. The ESX 3.5 ad ESXi compoets may be implemeted idepedetly, with Virtual Ceter 2.5 as the core of the eterprise maagemet solutios. The followig compoets are cosidered part of the VI 3 suite: ESX 3.5 ad ESXi: ESX 3.5 ad ESXi, whe used withi the VI 3 suite, are still the same products; however, they are ow maaged through the cetral vceter 2.5 applicatio. Virtual Ceter 2.5: Virtual Ceter 2.5 has bee reamed to vceter with the release of vsphere, but the 2.5 versio is still the same product. With vceter 2.5, you ca use VMotio to move VMs betwee hosts, use Storage VMotio to move the VM from oe storage locatio to aother without dowtime, use VMware Coverter to covert physical machies to virtual machies (P2V), implemet the Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) to allow for dyamic VM-to-host assigmets based o resource availability, ad support Update Maager so that both the host ad VMs ca be updated automatically. VI 3 is still the most popular versio of VMware s virtualizatio maagemet products. Of course, as more orgaizatios move to vsphere ad as ew implemetatios are performed, this will begi to chage. LearSmart Cloud Classroom: Video Traiig Mauals

5 Maual VMware New i vsphere vsphere, the ew virtual ifrastructure maagemet suite released i 2009, icludes updates to the followig compoets: ESXi ad ESX 3.5 have bee updated to versio 4.0 vceter is ow o versio 4.0 ESXi embedded is supported vsphere also itroduces several importat ew features as outlied below: Trasparet page sharig allows idetical memory pages to be stored oce for all VMs. For example, if you are ruig the SQL Server services o two VMs withi the same host, it s very likely that several memory pages will be idetical betwee these two VMs. The ew versios of ESX ad ESXi support storig these pages oce ad sharig them betwee the two VMs. VMDirectPath allows VMs to directly access the etwork ad storage devices to improve performace i these heavily CPU itesive operatios. Memory support for VMs has improved from 64 GB to 255 GB ad the total umber of supported VMs has icreased from 170 to 256 o a sigle host. Virtual switches may ow spa across ESX/ESXi hosts. Hot-add for virtual disks is ow supported. You ca add a ew virtual disk i a VM like a hot-add physical disk i physical servers. I additio to hot-add for disks, you ca hot-add CPUs ad memory without user disruptio. vsphere improves the support for multiple processors i a VM from 4 to 8. Uderstadig the ESX 3.5 Editios VMware ESX 3.5 comes i three differet editios. Whe you purchase ad implemet ESX 3.5 (ESXi is free), you must uderstad the features available i each editio. The followig table provides a breakdow i the supported features by editio. ESX 3.5 Feature Foudatio Stadard Eterprise VMFS Yes Yes Yes Virtual SMP Yes Yes Yes VirtualCeter Aget Yes Yes Yes Update Maager Yes Yes Yes Cosolidated Backup Yes Yes Yes VMware HA No Yes Yes VMware DRS No No Yes VMware DPM No No Yes VMotio No No Yes Storage VMotio No No Yes VirtualCeter Server No No Yes LearSmart Cloud Classroom: Video Traiig Mauals

6 Maual VMware From this table, you ca see that the Eterprise editio is the oly full featured editio. Foudatio is useful i small eviromets that do ot require high availability (HA) i ay way. Stadard beefits those middle tier orgaizatios that ca beefit from basic HA features, but do ot require the more advaced features such as dyamic moves from oe host to aother. Licesig ESX 3.5 Like ay purchased software applicatio, ESX 3.5 comes with its ow licesig requiremets. Sice it is a server-based product, the licesig is a bit more complex tha your typical desktop applicatio. Four licesig modes exist: Evaluatio mode Serial umber Licese server Host licese file Of course, evaluatio mode liceses may ot be used i a productio eviromet; however, they are beeficial for testig the product ad iitial learig. Figure 1.2 shows the licese maagemet iterface withi the Virtual Ifrastructure cliet applicatio. Serial umber licesig is available i the ESX 3.5 licesig dialog, but it is ot supported by ESX 3.5. This optio is oly listed for commuicatios with ESXi hosts. Usig a licese server is best i eviromets with several ESX hosts. I fact, you caot use features such as VMotio, DRS or HA without a licese server. The fial optio is the host licese file. I this case, a licese file is uploaded directly to the ESX host for licesig. Figure 1.2: ESX Host Licese Sources LearSmart Cloud Classroom: Video Traiig Mauals