PV Marshall Plan for Europe

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1 PV Marshall Plan for Europe Gallus Cadonau, Mischa Kissling, Manu Heim Solar Agentur Schweiz, Zürich

2 Presentation I. The Facts II. The PV-Marshall Plan III. Conclusions

3 I. The Facts I. The Facts

4 Europe 1945 Cologne Dresden

5 Energy Policy 2004 Chernobyl 1986 Superphénix 1998

6 Global CO 2 Concentration (ppm)

7 CO2-Grafik Nr (120 years): +3.6% comp. to (110 years): +8.0% +12% (50 years): +16.0% +30%

8 Global Average Surface Temperature

9 Looking back

10 World Energy Consumption up to 2060

11 Energy Losses in Germany

12 Energy Losses in the Swiss Building Sector

13 Einstein It is easier to split the atomic nucleus than prejudice. Albert Einstein

14 II. The PV-Marshall Plan II. The PV-Marshall Plan

15 Levy for EU cts./kwh on all types of non-renewable energies Oil, gas, coal, uranium Estimated annual revenues of 60 billion from 2005 on

16 Why an Energy Levy?

17 Annual Revenue for Incentives Option 1: Levy of 0.5 cts./kwh only 30 billion for PV: Ø 25% incentives per kwp 15 billion for other renewables: Ø 15% incentives per kwp 15 billion for energy efficiency: Ø 10% incentives per kwp: buildings, transport, equipment

for other renewables: Ø 15% incentives per kwp 15 billion for

18 Annual Revenue for Incentives Option 2: Levy with parallel electricity feed-in PV and renewable electricity systems fully financed by electricity feed-in 50%: 30 billion for renewable heating systems 50%: 30 billion for energy efficiency (buildings, transport, equipment)

financed by electricity feed-in 50%: 30 billion for renewable

19 Energy Efficiency: 360mm Insulation Passive House Kaufmann, Rupperswil, CH

20 Insulation and Energy Losses in Europe

21 Solar Thermal and Insulation BGW Bielefeld, Germany, built in the 1960s

22 Solar Thermal and Wood Technology Spescha, Schwyz, CH

23 Incentive Example: Solar and Wood Energy, Spescha, CH Total Investment: 400'000 = 100% Swiss Federal Office of Energy: 1'600 = 0.4% Private Investment: 398'400 = 99.6%

24 PV Investments for Tourism Piz Nair, St. Moritz, CH

25 Solar Thermal and Wood: 99% Self Supply Hotel Ucliva, Waltensburg, CH

26 Heating and Warm Water: 100% Self Supply Sunny Woods, Zürich, CH

27 Industry: 100% Self Supply Gasser AG, Chur, CH

28 PV - Residential Buildings: 133% Self Supply Erni, Untersiggenthal, CH

29 Levy Effects without Electricity Feed-In PV - Solar electricity: +17 TWh/a All RES and energy efficiency: +560 TWh/a Emission reduction: -166 million t CO 2 /a (Private) Energy investments: +390 billion /a Employment: +8 million (man-years) Social security expenses decrease: -90 billion /a Additional Tax Revenues: +60 billion /a

30 Higher Levy Effects with Electricity Feed-In PV - Solar electricity: +17 TWh/a All RES and energy efficiency: +1'093 TWh/a Emission reduction: -328 million t CO 2 /a (Private) Energy investments: +660 billion /a Employment: million (man-years) Social security expenses decrease: -150 billion /a Additional Tax Revenues: +99 billion /a

31 III. Conclusions III. Conclusions

32 Conclusions for EU25 1. More PV (2020: 10% of EU electricity consumption) More RES+better energy efficiency (2010: 25% RES) 2. Less CO 2 -emissions (2010: -23%) 3. More (energy) investments 4. Higher percentage of employment 5. Less social expenses 6. Higher tax revenues

33 Marshall Plan: Europe rebuilt after 1945

34 Marshall Plan: Energy Policy after 2004 Kiyomino, Japan Amersfoort, NL

35 Socrates Independence is the precondition for freedom. Socrates Independence from the non renewables.

36 Goethe It is not enough to know, it has to be applied. It is not enough to intend, it has to be done. J.W.Goethe

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