Planning for Arizona s Energy Future

Transcription

1 Planning for Arizona s Energy Future Brad Albert, General Manager of Renewable Resources Arizona Public Service Co. National Conference of State Legislators (NCSL), Energy Task Force December 8, 2010

2 Regulatory Drivers in Arizona Renewable Energy Standard ( RES ) Total Energy Requirement 3% of retail sales in 2011 Increasing to 5% of retail sales by 2015 Incrementally increasing to 15% by 2025 RES Distributed Energy Requirement Minimum 20% of the RES total energy requirement in 2010 increasing to 30% in 2012 ½ from residential customers, ½ from non-residential customers APS commitment to exceed RES requirements 3.4 Million MWHs by 2015 (about 11% of retail sales)

3 Existing Conventional Generation 3

4 Renewable Energy Resources

5 APS Resource Portfolio Conventional Owned Fuel Type MW Nuclear 1,146 Coal 1,753 Gas Combined Cycle 1,871 Gas Simple Cycle 1,022 Gas Steam 430 Oil Simple Cycle 66 Total-Owned 6,288 Purchases/Exchanges 2,300 Renewable Energy Type MW Wind 289 Solar 385 Biogas/Biomass 24 Geothermal 10 Total 708

6 Energy Sources 2011 vs Renewables 3% 2011 Energy Efficiency 4% 2025 Natural Gas 26% Nuclear 28% Energy Efficiency* 16% Renewable 17% Nuclear 19% Coal 39% Natural Gas 21% Coal 27%

7 Renewable Energy Options Wind Very strong resource in neighboring states (NM, CA) Solar Limited access to transmission Some commercially viable areas in Arizona Some of the best solar conditions in the world Ability to implement projects relatively close to load center Geothermal Biomass Strong potential in neighboring states (CA, NV, NM) Limited potential in Arizona Arid conditions in Arizona provides limited potential for in-state development

8 APS s Utility-Scale Solar Initiatives Concentrated Solar Power (Thermal) Power generation using conventional steam generation technology Solar energy provides the heat source Greatest efficiency created when using water for cooling Thermal energy storage can be incorporated Generally 100MW or greater Most common type is parabolic trough technology Sunlight is focused on long, rectangular, highly reflective U-shaped mirrors arranged in parallel rows Single-axis tracking system that focuses solar energy onto a central receiver tube located along the focal line of the mirrors heating fluid Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Direct conversion of sunlight to electricity Modular components, easy to scale size to meet resource need Average residential roof-top system approximately 7kw Utility scale systems are from 5MW to 250MW in size Fixed, single or dual axis tracking

9 Solar Thermal-Solana 280 MW Concentrated Solar Plant with 6 hours of thermal energy storage Awarded Conditional commitment for DOE loan guarantee in July 2010 Location: 10 miles west of Gila Bend, AZ Total Generation: 280 MW ~about 900,000 MWHs energy production per year Size: 3 square miles Jobs: Creates 80 permanent jobs Commercial operation expected in 2013

10 Load MW (7/6/2015) Production MW (100MW Capacity) APS Load: PV vs. CSP with Storage PV CSP w/6 Hr Storage Load Profile 10,000 9,000 8, , ,000 Load ~44MW Difference 120 5, ,000 3,000 CSP , ,000 0 PV Hours 20 0

11 Utility Scale Solar PV Seven (7) Projects currently under development 105 MW Third Party Owned with Power Purchase Agreements (PPA) Prescott, 10 MW Ajo, 4.5 MW Bagdad, 15 MW Buckeye, 6 MW Utility Owned AZ Sun Initiative Luke Air Force Base, 15 MW Gila Bend, 18 MW Hyder, 17 MW Chino Valley, 20 MW

12 Luke Air Force Base 15 MW Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant Equal to 3,750 Arizona homes or 50% of Luke AFB s energy needs Construction scheduled to start January 2011, Commercial Operation date Summer 2011 Will be the largest solar installation on U.S. Government property Located on 100 acres of underutilized land on the base Single-axis tracking system of 52,000 SunPower solar panels

13 Utility Scale Solar Plants: PV vs. CSP Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Minimal water usage Developable at smaller scale or larger scale Smaller required land area to be economical, allows for more siting options Susceptible to significant and rapid fluctuations in power output with onset of clouds Less than full output at time of peak load Can be interconnected at many different levels of the transmission/distribution system Concentrated Solar Power (Thermal) Must be developed at large scale to be economical Greater land area, increased complexities in land acquisition, permitting, and ability to interconnect into existing transmission affordably Relatively large step additions to the renewable portfolio Transmission interconnection can be more complex Thermal technology reduces power output fluctuations due to cloud coverage Easier to incorporate thermal energy storage directly into design Two Options: Wet-cooled or Dry-cooled Significant reduction in efficiency and cost increase for dry cooling

14 Critical Role of Legislature Stability of State and Federal Policy Long term predictability Present landscape of utility industry Stable Environment that is supportive of these types of Long Term infrastructure investments Supportive Cost Recovery from regulatory body State and Local Support State RPS (Renewable Portfolio Standard) Tax Policies Permitting Process

15 Thank You. hank You Brad Albert, General Manager of Renewable Resources