METNET Annual Seminar Paper Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir TURKEY October Olli Ilveskoski HAMK University of Applied Sciences

Transcription

1 1 METNET Annual Seminar Paper Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir TURKEY October 2012 HAMK University of Applied Sciences SUSTAINABLE REFURBISHMENT OF A MULTI-STOREY RESIDENTIAL HOUSE - STEEL SOLUTIONS

2 2 The objective is to study impacts of alternative renovation scenarios in terms of energy use and greenhouse gases different renovations concepts energy sources significance of building materials, the steel products in renovation projects the economic impacts of building renovation

3 3 consept A consept B consept C Three alternative consepts are assessed: consept A: no particular sustainable measures consept B: large scale sustainable improvements consept C: large scale improvements and extra measures with steel structures

4 4 The general principles on life cycle assessment (LCA) of products and services: European Reference Life Cycle Database (ELCD) ILCD Handbook CEN/TC350

5 The work programme of CEN/TC 350 5

6 6 Framework for the assessment of sustainable performance of refurbishment concepts

7 7 Environmental assesment: use of renewable energy use of non-renewable energy use of renewable natural raw materials use of non-renewable natural raw materials green house gas emissions wastes (problem wastes, other wastes)

8 8 The average eco-profiles for Finnish electricity

9 9 Heat energy type affects the LCC Heating energy type Costs to basic solution ( e/m 2 /period) District heating (FI) 136 Electricity (FI) 280 Oil 280 Gas 116 Coal 198 Electricity(27) 327

10 10 Consept A: demolition of ext concrete+ insulation, assembling new insulation + rendering Environmental impacts of refurbishment concepts

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15 15 In a scenario where energy price rises heavily it might be profitable to decrease the U-value and take in use new products like Photovoltaic Solar Panel. The solar panel can produce energy and change the original LCA and LCC assessments totally

16 Table 13 Photovoltaic Solar Panel 16 Photovoltaic Solar Panel per 1 m2 per 100 m2 per 400 m2 Power 0,12 kwp 12 kwp 48 kwp Modules 1,3 pcs 132 pcs 528 pcs Grid feedin/a 76 kwh kwh kwh CO2 emissions avoided/a 67 kg kg kg

17 17 Simulating this case the results are the following:

18 18 In this scenario the payback- time is about 10 years on the condition that the estimated invest cost is right. Energy losses are 11 kwh/a and CF material + heating/a = 46,6 kg/m 2 much smaller than the solar panels capacity 76 kwh/a and CF emissions avoided/a = 67 kg/m 2. The external wall refurbishment structure can change the building from a consuming unit to a productive one with renewable energy!

19 19 Apartment House Case consept A consept B consept C Three alternative consepts are assessed: consept A: no particular sustainable measures consept B: large scale sustainable improvements consept C: large scale improvements and extra measures with steel structures The consepts are evaluated as well as from the LCA and the LCC point of view. The parameters have been chosen to meet Hämeenlinna, Finland circumtances.

20 Consept A pipeline works Consept B pipeline works renewable heating energy: solar, heat pumps, wood, hydro-power renewing of windows (U value 1,8 to 1,0 W/m2K)) external additional insulation ventilation, heat exchange efficiency= 0.8, air change rate= 0.5 Consept C pipeline works renewable heating energy: solar, heat pumps, wood, hydro-power renewing of windows (U value 1,8 to 1,0 W/m2K)) external additional insulation ventilation, heat exchange efficiency= 0.8, air change rate= 0.5 lifts additional storey with steel structures 20

21 The consepts are evaluated as well as from the LCA and the LCC point of view. The LCC estimation is made according the Apartment 21 house exam Consept C

22 22 Consept C

23 23 LCA results floor area (m2) yearly impact/m2 (CO2e ) total energy need (kwh) energy need /m2 (kwh) consept A , consept B , consept C , The Consept C what includes an enlargement in form of an extra steel frame storey proves to be very competitive even from the LCA assesmet point of view.

24 24 LCC Economical analysis of energy renovation of a multi-storey house CONSEPT A CONSEPT B CONSEPT C Total room area (m2) unit 1. ACQUISITION COST Salable gross floor area 350 m2/ site 100 e/m New pipelines 900/1200 m2 500 e/m Renewable heating e Renewing the windows (m2) 1000 e/m Refurbishment of the facades (m2) 200 e/m Ventilation HEE= 0.8 ACR= e/m Refurbishment of the roof 500 e/m Lift Additional storey with steel 3000 e/m Energy solutions 25 e/m TOTAL TOTAL e/ room-m

25 25 LCA Economical analysis of energy renovation of a multi-storey house 2. LIFE CYCLE COST IN 50 YEARS Acquisition cost Resale value Financial cost Heating savings -200 e/m Energy solutions -50 e/m TOTAL PAYBACK TIME(50000e/a+ 4%)

26 26 The economic impacts of concepts significant reduction of energy consumptions and carbon foot print reasonable increase of investment cost reasonable savings in life cycle costs increase of resale value The most durable increase of economic market value can be achieved when the building is located in a relatively valuable neighbourhood. In these cases the costs of renovation can be compensated with help of the increase of market value and with saleable extra stories as Consept C shows. Effects on economic values of houses and buildings may be significant because of improved performance and because of aesthetical improvement.

27 27 The Future Measures: Steel LCA/LCC Tools LCA/ EcoDesign Modelling Building Components: Steel Frame Floor Structures / vibration Attic / Foundation Frame systems CE - Product Certification