2) Digestion the breakdown of. There are two types of digestion: Mechanical and Chemical. 3) Absorption when the nutrients enter into the blood.

Transcription

1 The Digestive System Video on the digestive system (5 min) The digestive system is responsible for the breakdown of the we eat so that it can be absorbed into the. There are four main stages of the digestive system: 1) taking food into the body. 2) Digestion the breakdown of. There are two types of digestion: Mechanical and Chemical. 3) Absorption when the nutrients enter into the blood. 4) Egestion the removal of undigested. Structure and functions of the parts of the digestive system Once the food enters the mouth, the teeth will begin to break the food into smaller pieces by chewing. This is an example of digestion. The salivary glands will secrete which contains an enzyme called. This enzyme begins to breakdown large carbohydrates into smaller ones (dissacharides). This is an example of digestion. Once the food is swallowed, it travels down a tube called the. The food does not go down because of gravity but instead by a process called. This is when muscles lining the tube contract in a wave to push the food to the stomach. amylase mechanical food waste saliva peristalsis blood macromolecules esophagus ingestion chemical 1

2 Structure and functions of the parts of the digestive system The food enters the stomach by passing an opening called the cardiac. The stomach walls will contract (churn) the food into a liquid called. The stomach also has chemical digestion in that it has three secretions. 1) Hydrochloric : this helps kill any bacteria that may be on the food. 2) Pepsin: This secretion helps break down proteins into their subunits called. 3) : this helps protect the walls of the stomach from the acid. The food leaves the stomach through the sphincter and enters into long tube called the. This tube which is about long is the main site for chemical digestion and absorption. The inside walls of the small intestine has many small folds called which help increase the surface area so that more nutrients can be absorbed into the blood. The small intestine also secrete intestinal which help breakdown carbohydrates and proteins. small intestine villi sphincter acid pyloric 20 feet chyme juice mucous amino acids 2

3 Label the following diagrams What is the name of this process? What does it do? This is a diagram of the inside of the. 3

4 Structure and functions of the parts of the digestive system Once the chyme is inside the small intestine it receives several secretions from organs that are not in the direct path of the food. These two organs are: 1) Liver: The liver produces a yellow liquid called. This liquid is stored in a small sac attached to the liver called the. When the gall bladder contracts the bile enters into the small intestine. The function of the bile is to A) the acid from the stomach. B) Emulsify the fats into droplets. 2) Pancreas: The pancrease produces a secretion called and secretes it into the small intestine. The secretion from the pancreas helps chemically break down proteins, carbohydrates, and. The chyme now enters into the where it is now waste (undigested particles like fiber). The is located between the SI and LI. The large intestine contains many which help produce vitamins such as vitamin K. The main function of the large intestine is to reabsorb from the waste. This turns the liquid waste into more solid. What condition would you have if the LI did not absorb the water??. Before egestion, the feces are stored in the last part of the LI called the. The feces leave the body through a sphincter called the. The average time from ingestion to egestion is about. appendix large intestine bacteria bile gall bladder smaller feces water 35 hrs pancreatice juice rectum neutralize lipids anus diarrhea 4

5 Label the following diagrams What is the secretion that causes this process? Where is the secretion made and where is it stored? 5

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