ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Transcription

1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

2 CONTENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Chapter Title Page No. 1. INTRODUCTION PROJECT PROPONENT Project Location and Accessibility Infrastructure and communication 1 3. GEOLOGY AND EXPLORATION Topography Regional Geology Local Geology 3 4. EXPLORATION 3 5. RESERVES 4 6. MINING METHODOLOGY Mining program for next five years Man power requirement for mining operations 4 7. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Air Environment Noise Environment Water Environment Mine Drainage Solid Waste Generation Flora & Fauna Human Settlements Power Site Amenities Climatic Conditions 6 8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Air Pollution Control Noise Pollution Control Measures Greenbelt Development Water Pollution Control Measures Solid Waste Management Socio-economic Environment Occupational Safety & Health Management Monitoring during Project Phase Monitoring Strategy Ambient Air Monitoring Noise Monitoring Water Quality Monitoring Machine and Equipment Safety Budgets for EMP Reclamation Progressive Mine Closure Plan CONCLUSION 12

3 List of Tables Table No. Title Page No. 1.1 Salient Features of Proposed Quarry Lease Area 2 5(a) Total Geological Reserves Manpower Requirement for Mining Operations Water Requirement Plantation EMP Bugdet Mine closure plan 11

4 1. Introduction In a developmental activity like Silica sand mining, all the exercise must co-exist satisfactorily with its surrounding condition so as to minimize the adverse impact on the environment. To control the likely adverse impacts and to achieve this goal, it is necessary to prepare a sound and Environmental Management Plan, which has to be implemented by the proponents, in order to achieve environmental protection along with production profits. Hence, Environmental Management Plan has been prepared for submission to State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority / State Expert Appraisal committee as per EIA notification 2006 and the amendments thereof for clearance of the proposed mining area. Smt. S.K. Heena Hameed has filed an application for quarry lease for Silica Sand Mine over an extent of Hectares/ Acres in Sy. No. 107/P of Karlapudi Village, Kota Mandal, Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh to the Director of Mines and Geology, Hyderabad vide Notice No /R3(1)/2000 dated The Director of Mines & Geology, Hyderabad has decided to grant a quarry lease in favor of Smt. S.K. Heena Hameed for a period of 20 years subject to submission of Approved Mining Plan within a period of 6 months as per Rule 12 (5) (c) and Rule 12 (5) (f) of Andhra Pradesh Minor Mineral Rules, Mining Plan approval was approved by Joint Director of Mines & Geology, and ZJDM&G, Hyderabad vide Letter No. 3176/MP-II/03 dated Mining Scheme Approval Letter No. 4484/MS/NLR/2015 dated , Deputy Director of Mines & Geology, Hyderabad. 2. Project proponent Smt. S.K. Heena Hameed, Nellore District has been granted quarry lease for mining of Silica sand in Sy. No. 107/P of, Andhra Pradesh. She is a private Lessee. 2.1 Project Location and Accessibility The proposed project is located in in Sy. No. 107/P of Karlapudi Village, Kota Mandal, SPSR Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh over an area of Hectares/ Acres. The nearest habitation, Kakuvaripalem village is located at a distance of 0.59 km due West from lease area. The proposed production is 27, MT/Annum for a period of 5 years. The location of the mine area comes under, Survey of India, Topo-sheet number 66 B/4. The Geo Co-ordinates of the mine lease are:- GCP Latitude Longitude 1 14º N 80º E 2 14º N 80º E 3 14º N 80º E 4 14º N 80º E 5 14º N 80º E 6 14º N 80º E 1

5 7 14º N 80º E 8 14º N 80º E The Salient features of the proposed Quarry Lease (QL) area is presented in Table 1.1 Table 1.1: Salient Features of Proposed Quarry Lease Area Name of the Applicant & Address Type of activity Production Capacity Location of the Proposed project or activity Appraisal Category Quarry Lease (QL) Area & Period Type of Land Nearest habitation and distance Nearest Seaport Source of water Nearest Railway station Total investment of the Rs. 50 Lakhs project/activity. Funds allocated for EMP (capital cost and recurring cost per annum) Survey of India Topo sheet 66B/4 (1:50,000) Man power requirement 15 Persons Smt. S.K. Heena Hameed W/o. S.K. Shahul Hameed H. No. 12/1138, Giddangi Street, Chinna Bazaar, SPSR Nellore District Andhra Pradesh Silica Sand Mining 27, MT/Annum Sy. No. 107/P, Karlapudi Village, Kota Mandal, SPSR Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh Category B (B2) Hectares/ Acres & 20 years Government Land Kakuvaripalem Village 0.59 km due W Krishnapattanam Seaport km due NE Through tankers from nearby villages Gudur Railway station km due NW Rs lakhs(capital Cost) Rs Lakhs/annum (Recurring Cost) 2.2 Infrastructure and communication:- The quarry lease applied area is situated at a distance of km due NW from Hyderabad. The district headquarters Nellore is at a distance of km NW. Amenities like post & telegraph office, police station, primary health centre etc are available at Nellore. Nellore is the district head quarters of Nellore district. Krishnapattanam Seaport is about km due NE and Tirupati Airport is about km due SW from Q.L applied area. Gudur Railway station is about km due NW. Water is available at the nearby site in agricultural bore wells from Q.L area. Power connection is available up to Kota Mandal, SPSR Nellore District. Agriculture is important occupation of the local people. Degree level educational facilities exist at Gudur which is km due NW. Further vast employment potential exists for the skilled. The processing of the raw blocks is not available at the Quarry site. 2

6 3. Geology 3.1 TOPOGRAPHY The subject area is almost a plain land covered by the sand and the area is gently sloping from north to south. There is only 3 m relief. The sand excavation up to the ground water table in this area is not going to do any impact on ground water table. Due to sandy area, there is no vegetation in the applied area. 3.2 Regional Geology The geology of the area is comprised of Nellore Schist belt covered by the sand formation in recent period. The sand is widely exposed to surface; rather the area is covered by sand everywhere. Whereas the Nellore schist and Silica rich Quartz veins are available as country rock situated much away from the subject area. 3.3 Local Geology The Sand occurs in entire applied area and surrounding lands right from surface without any overburden. The sand occurring here is not a replenishing type unlike other sand deposits in India. It consists 96 to 98 % SiO 2, negligible quantities of Al 2 O 2 and Fe 2 O 3. The raw sand is fine to medium grained pale brown to white in color and found suitable for molding purposes. The field observations and as well as reconnaissance study of the working mines in the area revels that the sand above the water table is more suitable and as well as viable for mining. Therefore, it is concluded that the entire applied area is silica sand bearing and its approximate thickness is about 4m (100 m to 97 m RL) for economical mining. (Source: Mining plan) 4. Exploration Sand thickness of about 1 m (100 m R.L 98 m R.L = 2/2) to the surface of the applied area. Three samples were collected from sand bed to a thickness of 1 m from the surface. Even though the sand is available below 3 m thickness i. e below water table, it is not economical to mine the sand. Mining work has been carried out by open cast semi-mechanized loading of silica sand is being done manually into tractors and tippers. Trench Grids 1 N & E Area (Sq. Average Length (m) Width (m) m) Depth (m) The area has been surveyed by Total Station and a Surface Geological Plan was prepared on the scale of 1: 1000 for an extent of Hectares/ Acres and is enclosed as Plate III. The Geological Sections were drawn across the deposit at regular interval on the scale of 1: 1000 scale showing the geology and categorization of reserves, enclosed as Plate IV. 3

7 5. Reserves The reserves are re-assessed based on the guidelines issued and the following reserves are projected as 'Proved Category' for enabling to mine the mineral from above 1 m of water table. Table 5 (a): Total Geological Reserves Sections Volume ROM 98% A-A B-B C-C D-D E-E F-F G-G Total Proved Reserves a) Reserves of the buffer zone and under 50 m Safety Barrier Zone of Canal: Non-Mineable Reserves: The sand reserves are going to be blocked under final pit slopes on all four side of the area is 26,550 MT and 37,162 MT. b) Minable Reserves and Life of the quarry Mineable reserves = 1, 86, , 012 = 1, 21, 062 MT The Silica Sand average production is proposed raise around 24, MT per year on an average in this plan period. At this rate of production the expected life of the mine is 5 years. (Source: Mining plan) 6. Mining Methodology 6.1 Mining program for next five years The sand occurs right from the surface without any overburden in this area. Hence, no development work is required for pre production of silica sand. It is proposed to produce the silica sand in the SE of the mining lease area of the mining lease area during next five years. The year- wise workings are shown in plate-4 and bench wise-production details for each year are given in Annexure-III. Production of five years is 1, 17, MT. 6.2 Manpower Requirement for Mining Operations A total of 15 persons shall be engaged to carry out the various operations at the mine area. There is a scope of another 5 person s employment as indirect employment. TABLE 6.2: Manpower at the QL area S. No. Category No. s 1. Mines Manager 1 2. Mining Engineer 1 4

8 3. Mining Superior/clerk 1 4. Mine watchman 2 5. Unskilled Labor 10 Total 15 (Source: Mining plan) 7. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING The present environmental quality in the vicinity of a QL area identified for further mining serves as the baseline status and also for identification of environmental concerns/ impacts arising owing to project activities in the study area. The main features in the area covering 10 km radial distance around the proposed QL area is shown in Figure 7.1 above. 7.1 Air Environment Fugitive dust is from the transportation of mineral and waste from mining benches to stock yard and dump yard and other related activities etc. The transportation is done by tippers/ trucks. The major sources of air pollution are during loading & unloading, transportation, D.G. set etc. The subject is away from industries and human settlements at present. So the air and water are fresh in the area. Quarrying operations are manual thus involvement of labor is important. 7.2 Noise Environment The noise levels are dependent upon the activities at the QL area. As the mine is being operated with manual, noise from the mine will be mainly from transport vehicles. The subject is away from industries and human settlements at present so no chance for noise generation before mining operations. 7.3 Water Environment Effect of quarrying activities on the ground water regime are meager and deterioration of ground water quality is ruled out as quarrying operations are in a small scale and mining will be located at higher levels than the ground water table. The dumping yard may contribute by way of leaches during rainy season only, but every measure will be taken to stabilize the waste dumps. Total water requirement for the mining lease area is 4 KLD. This requirement will be met through bore wells / water tankers. The water will be used for domestic purposes, dust suppression and green belt development. Domestic wastewater will be sent to the septic tank followed by soak pit. The break-up of daily water requirement for the proposed quarry lease area is presented table below. Table 7.3: Water Consumption Details S. No. Description Water Requirement (KLD) 1. Domestic 0.8 5

9 2. Dust suppression Greenbelt Processing 1.0 Total Mine Drainage The drainage system of mine in this area consists of surface run of generated from rain fall and seepage. The rain water flows through the slopes of the area and drained off through a seasonal nalas. Care shall be taken to avoid fuel spillage and all the waste oils from the vehicles shall be properly collected and there shall be no spillages Solid Waste Generation About 2% of the sand production is going to be as mineral waste, which consists of intercalation of dust and coarse grained material. During first five years about m3 of mineral waste will be generated. This waste will be stocked in southern side buffer zone area over an area of 930 Sq. m and to an average height of 1.50 m as shown in Plate Flora & Fauna The subject area is sandy terrain and does not consist any trees or major vegetation. Except the presence of reptiles and other minor wild life s rabbits, field rats etc., no major wild life exists in this area. 7.5 Human Settlements No public buildings, important places and monuments are seen in and around the quarry lease area; however, the lessee will adopt the safety measures while conducting the quarry operations as per the Regulations. The applied area is surrounded by villages and few areas of workers concentration. The Kakuvaripalem village is situated 0.59 km due West of the quarry lease area. Agriculture and sheep breeding are important profession of the people living in the village besides involving themselves in quarrying activity. The literacy of the area is very less. 7.6 Power Estimated Power: 80 KVA Source: D.G. set of 80KVA Fuel consumption: 100LPD 7.7 Site Amenities: Site services like office & rest shed will be constructed on Western corner of the area, where the location is shown on plate-4. Drinking water will be supplied to the workers from the bore well opened in the adjacent quarry site & agricultural fields. 7.8 Climatic Conditions The peak summer will be in the month of May, highest temperature of 43.4 o C is recorded in the area during the month of May and the lowest temperature 18 o C is recorded in the month 6

10 of January, Annual Mean Heaviest rainfall in 24 hours is about mm. The mean wind speed is 8.3 km/hr. 8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The activities at the QL area shall have both positive and negative impacts. In order to reduce the negative impacts owing to activities in the QL area under consideration, measures have been integrated in the process at the planning stage itself. Environmental management approach includes actions to protect environment by using various means at different stages of the project. The measures result in reduction of the impacts at the sources itself. Some of the measures result in the change in technology / process thereby reducing and or eliminating some of the adverse impacts. In a few inevitable cases the remedial solutions are provided to counter / minimize the negative impacts. 8.1 Air Pollution Control Measures Air pollution from mining activities in the present case is not anticipated to significantly extend beyond the immediate vicinity of the QL area. This is said based in the quantum of mining that is being taken up, the plant and machinery being used and the technology being adopted. Workers working directly in the vicinity of the loading and unloading operations will be issued breathing masks for regular use. The Air Pollution Control measures are required to be assessed based on the specific mining activity and location. Following measures shall be taken to mitigate the effect of mining operations. Dust suppression on haul road with sprinkling of water. All overburden dumps shall be stabilized with legumes and grass to prevent the erosion of soil and arrest the dust emission during windy days. Regular maintenance of vehicles and DG set shall be carried out in order to minimize the emissions. The area is surrounded by agricultural lands and there are no industries nearby. Hence natural air is available in this area. There are chances for air pollution at the time transportation of Mineral and waste. But this air pollution will be controlled to the ambient air quality standards (24 hours). The mine roads will be sprayed with water before starting the transportation of mineral and wastes to minimize air pollution. 8.2 Noise Pollution Control Measures The major sources of noise in mining are from the operations of trucks and DG set etc. Mitigation measures that are proposed to be adopted for control of noise levels are: All vehicles will be properly lubricated and maintained regularly. The sound level should be within the limits of 90 db. 8.3 Greenbelt Development In every year about an area of 200 Sq. m will be planted during this plan period. The plantation will be carried out on northern side of the area, along the boundary line. About 40 7

11 plants of cashew nut & teak plants will be planted per year in alternate rows at 3 m interval (Ref: Plate-IV). Table 8.3: Plantation details Year Area (Sq.m) No. of Plants 1 st ( ) nd ( ) rd ( ) th ( ) th ( ) Total Water Pollution Control Measures There are no chances for changes in quality of surface water or ground water the quarry operations will be carried out on plain sandy terrain. Hence neither the ground water table nor the general surface drainage pattern is affected. No water will be discharged from the quarry. Following measures shall be taken: Pumps of adequate capacity shall be installed to lift the accumulated rain water. It shall be ensured that good quality potable water is provided for drinking purposes. Good sanitation facilities (toilets with septic tank followed by soak pits) shall be provided and maintained for good hygienic conditions. The spillages form fuelling of vehicles shall be avoided and in case of any spillage the same shall be handled properly. Likewise the spent lubricating oils etc., shall be safely collected and properly disposed off. 8.5 Solid Waste Management During first five years about m 3 of mineral waste will be generated. This waste will be stocked in southern side buffer zone over an area of 930 Sq. m and to an average height of 1.50 m as shown in Plate-4 Management of waste material shall include the following: The waste generated during the mining will also be used for back filling of the mine pit after completion of mining. 8.6 Socio-economic Environment The occupation of the local inhabitants in surrounding villages of the mine area is Agriculture. The mining activity in this belt will benefit the locals both directly and indirectly. The directly beneficiaries will be those who get employed in the mines as skilled and unskilled workers. The indirect beneficiaries will be those who open small business to sell goods required by the residents whose per capita income will be enhanced by the mining activity, and thereby their purchasing power will be increased. In the long run a lot of social goods are expected in the comparatively backward area when the inhabitants will be able to send their children to school. 8

12 8.7 Occupational Safety & Health Management Periodical Medical Examination (PME) of all workers before recruitment and during mining operations. Total workers in the mine 15 Mine operators were provided with personal protective equipments (PPEs) include safety helmets and footwear, in addition to ear, eye, and hand protection devices. Dust masks were provided for workers. Potable drinking water & shelter for mine workers will be provided. 8.8 Monitoring during Project Phase (active mining) Pollution monitoring program includes periodic analysis of air, noise levels and groundwater samples. Groundwater samples at representative locations within and nearby the lease area shall be periodically analyzed to detect contamination if any. In the event of any contamination, concerned authorities shall be notified immediately and appropriate corrective measures shall also be initiated. The monitoring shall also help in knowing the effectiveness of abatement measures and also be a guide for further steps to be taken, if required Monitoring Strategy The monitoring of various environmental parameters is necessary and is a part of environmental protection measures. Monitoring is as important as that of control of pollution since the efficiency of control measures can only be determined by monitoring. A welldefined environmental monitoring program would be employed with trained and qualified staff to monitor the ambient air quality to check whether the quality of emissions/effluents is maintained within the permissible limits. Environmental attributes should be monitored as given below: Ambient Air quality Water quality Noise levels Soil characteristics Locations and frequency of monitoring should be as per the guidelines of APPCB Ambient Air Monitoring As per MoEF there is a need to identify 3 ambient air stations at 120 o angle keeping the main source in the center. The ground level concentrations of suspended particulate matter, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the ambient air within the project boundaries will be monitored at regular intervals Noise Monitoring Noise levels in the workspace environment will be monitored periodically. If any deviation is observed necessary corrective measures will be taken. Monitoring noise levels is essential to assess the efficacy of maintenance of schedules undertaken to reduce noise levels and noise protection measures. A good quality sound pressure level meter is essential for this purpose. 9

13 This work can be handled by plant authorities themselves or by hiring services of an external agency Water Quality Monitoring Groundwater near the project site will be routinely tested for its quality. No contamination of groundwater is expected. Groundwater is recommended to be monitored in at least other wells/ bores in the area adjacent to the QL area in the direction of ground water flow to keep surveillance on the groundwater quality Machine and Equipment Safety To prevent and control hazards related vehicle use, measures for the enhancement of visibility should be applied throughout the mine. Specific visibility management practices may include the following: Use of reflective markings on structures, traffic junctions, and other areas with a potential for accidents. Installing safety barriers in high-risk locations of internal roads / transport corridors. Barriers may be constructed with refuse or other materials capable to stopping vehicles 8.9 Budgets for Environmental Protection Measures Smt. S.K. Heena Hameed have allocated budget of 3.00 Lakhs (Capital Cost) and 1.36 Lakhs (Recurring Cost) for the environmental protection measures. The component wise budget break-up for environmental management plan is given in table below S. No. Work Name Total fixed Maintenance/ recurring cost (Rs.) cost with periodicity (Rs.) 1. Safety shoe Helmet Hand gloves Ear plugs Cloth for protection from dust Gunny bags for drill hole coverage Dust Masks Water sprinkling Green belt establishment Medical examination Environmental Monitoring Social welfare measures Total 3,00,490 1,35, Reclamation The worked out pit will be reclamated at the end of the mining by the waste material, which is going to be generated from the mining and the reclaimed area will be used for plantation. 10

14 But, there is no proposed for reclamation of pit during first five years the bottom silica sand has to excavate. Reclamation and rehabilitation of the lands affected by mining will be done by back filling and afforestation Progressive Mine Closure Plan a. Mined out land As of now no part of the QL area is totally mined out. An extent of about 42,004 Sq. m area will be sliced down during next five years to a depth of 1.50 m. Type of land use Table 8.11: Mine closure plan At the time of beginning of the scheme period (Ha.) At the end of the ensuring scheme period (Ha.) During Conceptual period (Ha.) Mining Overburden Dump Mineral Storage Infrastructure Roads Green Belt Area Total Land Degradation Area which will Remain Untouched Total b. Water Quality Management The mining lease area is a part of elevated; it does not have any water body. The surrounding area is also free from any water tanks or big nalas in 500 M circumference. The ground water is found to be reached at beyond 10 m depth in the borewell nearby areas on lower level. The mining lease area is proposed to a maximum depth of 5 m. Therefore, the effect of mining is not anticipated on ground water regime. Other effects such as sedimentation etc., is also not expected in this area. c. Air Quality Management The air in this area is pollution free as there is no pollutant factories are there. The mining in this area will create air pollution due to emission of dust during mining and transportation. That will be suppressed by putting cloth at drilling spot, spraying water on mine layout road etc. d. Solid Waste Management The waste dump will be stabilized with soil on slopes. Erosion shall be prevented by plantation of grass and shrubs. The status of the dumps shall be periodically checked and corrective and safety measures adopted. The waste generated will be dumped temporarily in the South of the mining lease area (Within the mining lease area) between the grids N & E covering an area of 930 Sq. m with an average height of 1.50 M. This waste will be utilized for reclamation of the pits by rehandling. 11

15 e. Top Soil Management No soil exists in the mining lease area. f. Infrastructure The infrastructure is temporary in nature; the roads will be altered time to time at mining lease area. The permanent road, electric lines, telephone lines are far away. g. Disposal of Mining Machinery In this area machinery deployed is on hire basis. However, the mining operations are continuous in this mine. Hence, the question of disposal of machinery will not arise. h. Safety and Security Since the mine is an ongoing mine, all statutory obligations will be implemented i. Disaster Management and Risk Assessment In this area the mining does not involve disaster of land etc. j. Care and Maintenance during Temporary Closure For the protection of mine and mined - out pits the watchman will be engaged when the mine is temporarily discontinued. 9. CONCLUSION The mining activities of the applicant Smt. S.K. Heena Hameed in Sy. No. 107/P of, Andhra Pradesh will be environmentally compatible to the surrounding with the proposed environmental control measures implemented during quarry operations. The study identified the environmental issues viz., dust generation, noise levels and solid waste due to mining and material transportation, haulage of roads etc. Fugitive dust emissions from waste dumps, stockpiles and other exposed areas should be minimized by using dust suppression techniques for roads and work areas, optimization of traffic patterns, and reduction of travel speeds. Solid waste dumping yards, mining pits management measures shall be followed to protect human health, safety and the environment. Thus it can be stated that the quarry operations will not have any adverse effect on the surrounding environment and habitation, if the proposed environmental management plan is adopted. 12