Management options for Dicofol and PCP

Transcription

1 Management options for Dicofol and PCP Presentation for the UN-ECE CLRTAP Task Force on POPs Montreal, May 2010 André Peeters Weem Annemiek van der Zande

2 Contents 1. Introduction 2. Survey of available information on 5 substances 3. Exploration of management options for Dicofol 4. Exploration of managment options for Pentachlorophenol (PCP) 2

3 1. Introduction Project consisted of: Survey of available information on five POPs: Endosulfan Dicofol Trifluralin HBCD Pentachlorophenol (PCP) Drafting reports on management options for Dicofol and PCP Presentation to the Task Force on POPs Performed by NL Agency for the Dutch Ministry of environment 3

4 2. Survey of available information: background Request at TF POP meeting in Plovdiv Aim: retrieve information from all UN-ECE Parties and stakeholders Tool: questionnaire Projectmanagement: Ministry of Environment Co-operation with Task Force, Norway and European commission 4

5 2. Survey of available information: questionnaire Track B questions for all substances: Substance produced? Future restrictions? Substance used? Future restrictions? Articles in use? Waste handling? Releases to the environment? Available substitutes, alternative processes, emission control techniques? Track A questions for Trifluralin and for PCP/PCA: 5

6 2. Survey of available information: outcome Questionnaire was sent to 50 governments and 13 stakeholders 20 responses from governments 7 responses from stakeholders Little new information was gained 6

7 7

8 Dicofol chemical characteristics C 14 H 9 Cl 5 O, solid CAS: ,1-bis(4 -dichlorophenyl)2,2,2trichloroethanol p,p isomer and o,p isomer (80/20) Related to DDT 8

9 Use as a pesticide Acaricide, control of mite Cotton, ornamentals, fruits, vegetables, 9

10 Production estimate: China: t/a Brasil:? Spain: 1500 t/a < 2008 India:? Use: Europe: 250 t/a in 2000, EU: no use after 2010 EECCA:? (< 32 t/a), expected to be < 5 t/a Canada: 1 t/a in 2003, no use after 2011 USA: 27 t/a in

11 Use: USA: Cotton : 50% (but only 4% is treated) Citrus: 30% Emissions: same as use Historic stocks: unclear Resistance in pests will occur Resistance management and prevention based on controlled application and alternative pest control 11

12 Legislation EU directive 91/414/EEC, plant protection products, does not allow registration in EU Member States after March Ukraine: use allowed USA: use allowed, max 0,1 % DDT content Canada: voluntary discontinuation after

13 Production in 2009? Ceased by Use Kg/ year End of use Legis-lation Registration possible? Belgium no 2003 No Canada No yes Un-clear 2011 Voluntary end of use Croatia No data No data Not after 2011 Cyprus No Yes < 3500 kg 2010 Not after 2009 (2005) Czech republic No no 2001 Denmark No data No data Estonia No No Finland No No Germany No No Italy Yes 2009 unclear No Netherlands No No 1997 No Norway No No 1992 ban Slovenia No No Spain No no 2008 Not after 2009 Sweden no No Switzerland no no Not after 2005 Ukraine No data, historic unclear Use allowed use USA no 1980s yes 27,000 yes Ireland No No 2008 No France no Several tonnes Not after

14 Alternatives - Many chemical substitutes: abamectin, clofentezin - Natural oils for domestic use - Biological pest control Costs of alternatives: Generic estimate: 100 Euro/tonne replaced EU: 0 Non EU Europe: < 3 M Euro USA: < 4 M USD (3 M Euro) Canada: 0 14

15 Conclusion -Use ended in large part of UN ECE region -Alternatives available for all uses -No remaining essential uses -Costs of substitution are low Management option - Add Dicofol to Annex I of the POP Protocol, to eliminate all production and use in UN ECE region 15