Chapter 7 Learning and conditioning
|
|
|
- Martin Garrett
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Chapter 7 Learning and conditioning
2 Watson s s extreme environmentalism Give me a dozen healthy infants, well- formed, and my own special world to bring them up in, and I ll I guarantee to take any one at random and train him to be any type of specialist I might select doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief, chief, and yes, beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors.
3 Learning An enduring change in knowledge or behavior that results from experience Learning is flexible Involves experience The key to learning is ASSOCIATION Research is influenced by behaviorism
4 Learning Habituation Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Consequences of behavior The principles of operant behavior Operant conditioning in real life Learning and the mind
5 Habituation Habituation Simplest form of learning Repeated exposure to a stimulus results in reduced responsiveness Ex: Fire alarm going off
6 Learning Habituation Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Consequences of behavior The principles of operant behavior Operant conditioning in real life Learning and the mind
7 Classical conditioning Learning An organism comes to associate one stimulus with another. Learning that one event predicts another
8 Demo
9 Classical conditioning Conditioning = learning associations Stimulus Response Ivan Pavlov Pavlov s s dog Ivan Pavlov
10 Classical Conditioning Pavlov s s Apparatus
11 Classical conditioning Innate Reflex Conditioned Reflex FOOD CENTER SALIVARY GLANDS TONE CENTER
12 Classical Conditioning
13 Classical Conditioning Unconditioned Stimulus (US) A stimulus (an event) that triggers an unconditioned (involuntary) response. Examples: food, loud noises, painful stimuli, bursts of air
14 Classical conditioning Unconditioned response (UR) An unlearned response to an unconditioned stimulus. Examples: hunger/food, jumping/horror flick, blinking/flying objects near eye
15 Classical conditioning Conditioned stimulus (CS) A neutral stimulus (an event) that comes to evoke a learned response due to being presented shortly before the US. Ex: Bell, Fridays!!, 1 st of the month (payday!)
16 Classical conditioning Conditioned response (CR) A learned response to an classically conditioned stimulus (CS) Ex: Salivation of Pavlov s dog just to the bell, Your mouth watering when you smell warm cookies, eye blink to a tone..
17 Classical Conditioning
18
19 Going to the dentist can be unpleasant if there is a lot of drilling involved. The dentist s drill elicits fear -sweaty palms, shaking, nausea. Pretty soon, just the smell of the dentist s office waiting room is enough to elicit fear. 1. What is the US? drilling 2. What is the UR? Fear 3. What is the CS? Smell of office 4. What is the CR? Fear elicited from smell alone
20 Classical conditioning Timing is everything Works best when CS (tone) precedes US (food) Optimal is 0.5 second delay Exception: : Taste aversion!! Food ingestion and nausea
21 Classical conditioning in real life Learning to like... or dislike!! Higher-order learning Ex: You like a certain style of clothing because your favorite actor/singer wears it Ex: Dislike of Janet Jackson results from her association with Michael
22 Classical conditioning in real life Learning to fear Little Albert Conditioned to fear a while lab rat Fear generalized to anything white and furry
23 Classical conditioning in real life How can we help little Albert??!! Counterconditioning A conditioned stimulus is paired with some other stimulus that elicits a response that is incompatible with the unwanted response. Ex: Peter was afraid of rabbits Rabbit paired with milk and crackers
24 Classical conditioning in real life Taste aversion Often studied in rats Food poisoning Single trial learning Use for medical treatments Antabuse & alcohol
25 Learning Habituation Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Consequences of behavior The principles of operant behavior Operant conditioning in real life Learning and the mind
26 Operant conditioning Cats in puzzle boxes Time to escape decreased with practice Thorndike s Law of Effect Responses followed by positive outcomes are repeated, whereas those followed by negative outcomes are not
27 Operant conditioning An organism learns to behave in ways that produce reinforcement Reinforcement of a behavior leads to an increase in the frequency of that behavior
28 Demo
29 Operant versus classical conditioning CLASSICAL Organism is passive Behaviors are involuntary Environmental event precedes behavior (CS precedes CR) OPERANT Organism is active Responses are voluntary Behavior precedes environmental event
30 Learning Habituation Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Consequences of behavior The principles of operant behavior Operant conditioning in real life Learning and the mind
31 Consequences of behavior Reward Punish
32 Consequences of behavior Reinforcement Strengthens the response More likely to recur Punishment Weakens the response Less likely to recur
33 Consequences of behavior Reinforcer/Rewarding stimulus Primary reinforcer Food, water, sex, shelter Secondary reinforcer Money, praise, good grades, awards, gold stars
34 Consequences of behavior Punishment/Aversive stimulus Primary punisher Pain, extreme heat/cold Secondary punisher Criticism, catcalls, scoldings,, fines, bad grades
35 Consequences of behavior Positive and negative reinforcement Positive reinforcement Increases behavior by presenting something desired after a response Negative reinforcement Increases behavior by removing an aversive stimulus after a response Both increase the probability of the response being repeated!!!!!
36 Consequences of behavior Positive and negative punishment Positive punishment Decreases behavior by presenting an aversive stimulus after a response Negative punishment Decreases behavior by removing a pleasant stimulus after a response Both decrease the probability of the response being repeated!!!!!
37 Consequences of behavior Reinforcement & Punishment Present Stimulus: (+) Remove Stimulus (-) Reinforce: Increases Behavior Positive Reinforcement (give money) Negative Reinforcement (take away chores) Punish: Decreases Behavior Positive Punishment (give chores) Negative Punishment (take away car, take away money)
38 positive/negative - punish/reinforce 1. Giving a child a time out - go sit in the corner Negative punishment 2. Lawbreaker has to do community service time cleaning up trash Positive punishment 3. Outstanding concert performance receives applause Positive reinforcement 4. You are freezing and put on a jacket Negative reinforcement
39 Learning Habituation Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Consequences of behavior The principles of operant behavior Operant conditioning in real life Learning and the mind
40 Principles of operant conditioning B.F. Skinner Radical behaviorist Skinner box
41 Principles of operant conditioning Extinction Suppression of a learned response by removal of the unconditioned stimulus = salivation = gradual disappearance
42 Principles of operant conditioning Spontaneous Recovery Re-emergence of an suppressed conditioned response after a rest period
43 Principles of operant conditioning Stimulus Generalization The tendency to respond to a stimulus that is similar to the conditioned stimulus
44 Principles of operant conditioning Discriminative stimulus Stimulus that signals whether a response, if made, will pay off Ex: Light in a skinner box Ex: Traffic lights, telephone ring, store hours
45 Principles of operant conditioning Schedules of reinforcement Continuous reinforcement Variable schedule of reinforcement Most resistant to extinction Soda machine Slot machine
46 Principles of operant conditioning Shaping Reinforce a tendency in the right direction Successive approximations: baby steps Train pigeons to play ping pong Seeing eye dogs Sea World What about humans? Language learning of babbling infants
47 Principles of operant conditioning Biological limits on learning Constraints on behavior due to a species genetics Can t t train a fish to walk on land!! Take advantage of a species natural tendencies Instinctive drift Reversion to an instinctive behavior Ex: A rooting pig, food washing by a raccoon
48 Learning Habituation Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Consequences of behavior The principles of operant behavior Operant conditioning in real life Learning and the mind
49 Operant conditioning in real life Behavior modification Applied behavior analysis (ABA) Phobias Ex: classroom, athletic field, office, nursing home, prison, therapy, or child care Don t t Shoot The Dog,, Karen Pryor
50 Operant conditioning in real life Pros and cons of rewards Reinforcement works When consistent Timed correctly When reinforcement is misused Rewards are given indiscriminately & become meaningless Why rewards can backfire Extrinsic vs. intrinsic reinforcers
51 Operant conditioning in real life Pros and cons of punishment When punishment works Deter criminals Consistency matters more than severity When punishment fails Inappropriate punishment Recipient responds with fear/anxiety Most misbehavior is hard to punish immediately Even negative attention is attention!! Take home message: Punishment is generally a poor way to eliminate unwanted behavior
52 Learning Habituation Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Consequences of behavior The principles of operant behavior Operant conditioning in real life Learning and the mind
53 Learning and the mind Latent learning Not demonstrated until asked to perform Tolman & Honzik exp. With rats Group 1 = Always reinforced Group 2 = Never reinforced Group 3 = Not reinforced until day 11
54 Learning and the mind Social-cognitive cognitive learning theories Learning by observation Observer Model Studies of Modeling Both antisocial and prosocial behavior People are influenced by environment (TV?) Sideways
55 Learning and the mind: Social cognitive theories Learning by observational: Modeling Attention One must attend to the act Retention One must recall what was observed Reproduction Motor ability to reproduce the behavior Motivation Must expect reinforcement for modeled act
56 Learning and the mind: Social More on modeling Bandura Bobo doll experiment cognitive theories
57 Learning and the mind: Social cognitive theories Does violence in the media make people behave more aggressively??? TV, movies, video games... Evidence for and against it! Cause and effect work both ways Aggressive people drawn to aggressive games, TV etc.. (Bushman 1995) Ecologically valid studies are hard Take home message: The jury is out
58 Operant conditioning in real life Using operant conditioning in animal research: More than a Skinner box
59 Why we train the animals Health Medical Exercise Mental health (aka FUN!!) Research
60 Health Medical
61 Health Exercise/Fun
62 Matching-to to-sample Research Spatial memory Where was the object last seen? Living Seas, Epcot Center
63 Dolphin Rhythm Representation Research Living Seas, Epcot Center Harley and colleagues Discriminate between 6 different rhythms Respond to a specific object by vocalizing or tapping the rhythms
64 Sensory systems Research Koln Zoo, Germany Dehnhardt and colleagues Discriminate between 2 different wave paths Respond to each path with different response
65 Research at LML, UCSC Rio
66 Letter Class Number Class Rio will now match any of these to any other of these And any of these to any other of these
67 Research at LML, UCSC Apparatus for Match-to-Sample
68
69 Research at LML, UCSC Ring b 2
70 Research at LML, UCSC Siren b 2
71 Research at LML, UCSC Siren G 6 What will Rio do?
72 What will Rio do? C:\Documents and Settings\Kristy\Desktop\Teaching\Psych 1 Cabrillo.Spring_2008\Lectures\learning
73 Research at LML, UCSC Hearing/Acoustics C:\Documents and Settings\Kristy\Desktop\Teaching\Psych 1 Cabrillo.Spring_2008\Lectures\learning
74 Research at LML, UCSC Hearing/Acoustics C:\Documents and Settings\Kristy\Desktop\Teaching\Percept_2008
75 Research at LML, UCSC Conditioned vocalizations: Sprouts C:\Documents and Settings\Kristy\Desktop\Teaching\Psych 1 Cabrillo.Spring_2008\Lectures\learning
76 Research at LML, UCSC Conditioned vocalizations: Sprouts C:\Documents and Settings\Kristy\Desktop\Teaching\Psych 1 Cabrillo.Spring_2008\Lectures\learning
77 Research at LML, UCSC Conditioned vocalizations: Sprouts C:\Documents and Settings\Kristy\Desktop\Teaching\Psych 1 Cabrillo.Spring_2008\Lectures\learning
78 Research at LML, UCSC Conditioned vocalizations: Walrus C:\Documents and Settings\Kristy\Desktop\Teaching\Psych 1 Cabrillo.Spring_2008\Lectures\learning
79 Research at LML, UCSC Conditioned novelty: Walrus C:\Documents and Settings\Kristy\Desktop\Teaching\Psych 1 Cabrillo.Spring_2008\Lectures\learning
80
81 End
Chapter 7 Conditioning and Learning
Chapter 7 Conditioning and Learning Chapter Summary Definitions Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience. A stimulus is anything that comes in through your senses.
Okami Study Guide: Chapter 7
1 Chapter in Review 1. Learning is difficult to define, but most psychologists would agree that: In learning the organism acquires some new knowledge or behavior as a result of experience; learning can
Introduction to Learning. Chapter 1
Introduction to Learning Chapter 1 A Definition of Learning Learning is: An experiential process Resulting in a relatively permanent change Not explained by temporary states, maturation, or innate response
Chapter 5: Learning I. Introduction: What Is Learning? learning Conditioning II. Classical Conditioning: Associating Stimuli Ivan Pavlov
Chapter 5: Learning I. Introduction: What Is Learning? A. Psychologists define learning as a process that produces a relatively enduring change in behavior or knowledge as a result of an individual s experience.
Outline. General Psychology PSYC 200. Definition. Habituation. Habituation. Classical Conditioning 3/17/2015. Learning
/17/015 General Psychology PSYC 00 Outline 0) Definition of Learning 1) Habituation ) Classical Conditioning ) Operant Conditioning Learning Definition Learning = change in behavior or thought as a result
Learning. Any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice. Permanent Experience Practice
Learning Any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice Permanent Experience Practice Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) Russian Physiologist Father= Village Priest Father-in-law=
Learning: Classical Conditioning
How Do We Learn? Learning Learning: Classical Conditioning Chapter 7 One way is through Classical Conditioning Pavlov s Experiments Extending Pavlov s Understanding Pavlov s Legacy Psy 12000.003 1 2 Definition
Theories for Child Development: What are they and why should you care? Lifespan Developmental Theory
Theories for Child Development: What are they and why should you care? Wednesday, August 24 th, 2005 Covering: Lifespan Developmental Theory, Psychoanalytic Theory, Erikson, Behavioral and Social Learning,
GCSE PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 2 LEARNING REVISION
GCSE PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 2 LEARNING REVISION GCSE PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 2 CLASSICAL CONDITIONING LEARNING LEARNING= Is a relatively permanent change in behaviour due to experience Some behaviours are learnt, but
UNIT 6: LEARNING. 6. When the US is presented prior to a neutral stimulus, conditioning DOES NOT (does/does not) occur.
UNIT 6: LEARNING HOW DO WE LEARN? OBJECTIVE 1: Define learning, and identify two forms of learning. 1. A relatively permanent change in an organism s behavior due to experience is called LEARNING. 2. More
Classical Conditioning
Chapter 5 Learning Classical Conditioning Learning relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience Behaviorism emphasizes the study of observable behavior and the role of the environment as determinant
Learning from Experience. Definition of Learning. Psychological definition. Pavlov: Classical Conditioning
Learning from Experience Overview Understanding Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Observational Learning Definition of Learning Permanent change Change in behavior or knowledge Learning
GCSE Psychology Learning
GCSE Psychology Learning Student: Tutor: Unit 2: Understanding other people 1 Learning What is classical conditioning? What do we mean when we say we have learnt something? Read the statements below and
Programmed Learning Review
Programmed Learning Review L-HO1-121907 Take another sheet of paper and cover the answers located in the right hand column. Then read through the unit filling in the blanks as you go. After filling in
Learning Theories 4- Behaviorism
LEARNING THEORIES - BEHAVIORISM CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER Learning Theories 4- Behaviorism LEARNING OUTCOMES After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Explain the principles of classical conditioning,
Learning. Relatively permanent behavior change that is acquired through experience
Learning Relatively permanent behavior change that is acquired through experience Learning vs Maturation Not all behavior change is best described as learning Maturation (neuromuscular development) usually
Okami Study Guide: Chapter 7
1 Chapter Test 1. Knowing how to do something, like drive a car or play a sport, is referred to as a. explicit knowledge b. behavioral knowledge c. procedural knowledge d. implicit knowledge 2. All of
How do we Learn? How do you know you ve learned something? CLASS OBJECTIVES: What is learning? What is Classical Conditioning? Chapter 6 Learning
How do we Learn? Chapter 6 Learning CLASS OBJECTIVES: What is learning? What is Classical Conditioning? How do you know you ve learned something? 1 Can our beliefs and attitudes be a result of learning??
Psychology with Mr. Duez UNIT 3 "Learning" LEARNING TARGETS
Psychology with Mr. Duez UNIT 3 "Learning" LEARNING TARGETS If you learn only 6 things from this chapter... 1. Learning refers to a relatively permanent change in behavior based on experience. 2. Classical
HONORS PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW QUESTIONS
HONORS PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW QUESTIONS The purpose of these review questions is to help you assess your grasp of the facts and definitions covered in your textbook. Knowing facts and definitions is necessary
Learning UNIT 6 UNIT PREVIEW UNIT GUIDE
UNIT 6 Learning UNIT PREVIEW Learning helps us adapt to our environment. Pavlov explored classical conditioning, in which we learn to anticipate events, such as being fed or experiencing pain. In his famous
A. Learning Process through which experience causes permanent change in knowledge or behavior.
Woolfolk, A. (2010). Chapter 6: Behavioral Views of Learning. In A. Woolfook (Ed.), Educational psychology (11th ed.). Columbus, OH: Pearson/Allyn & Bacon. This chapter begins by defining learning and
Operant Conditioning. Skinner and Thorndike
Operant Conditioning Skinner and Thorndike Operant Conditioning Organisms learn to do things, or not to do things, because of the consequences of their behavior Example: Avoid M&M s because they made you
Chapter 15. Historical Perspective. How the world creates who you are: behaviorism and social learning theory
Chapter 15 How the world creates who you are: behaviorism and social learning theory Learning 2 stimuli events, things, or people repeatedly experienced together will eventually come to elicit the same
Behavioral Principles. S-R Learning. Pavlov & Classical Conditioning 12/2/2009
Behavioral Principles S-R Learning Classical conditioning The most basic form of learning; one stimulus comes to serve as a signal for the occurrence of a second stimulus (the response) Stimulus a physical
Behaviorism & Education
Behaviorism & Education Early Psychology (the use of nonobjective methods such as Introspection) Learning = behavior change movement toward objective methods Behaviorism Pavlov, Skinner (Focus on Sà R)
Final Exam Review for EDP304 Prague
Final Exam Review for EDP304 Prague Types of Instruction 1. The term used to describe lessons in which the teacher provides information directly to students, structuring class time to reach a clearly defined
Encyclopedia of School Psychology Conditioning: Classical And Operant
Encyclopedia of School Psychology Conditioning: Classical And Operant Contributors: Merilee McCurdy & Michelle Swanger Edited by: Steven W. Lee Book Title: Encyclopedia of School Psychology Chapter Title:
A BEHAVIORAL VIEW OF LEARNING
Chapter 10 Classical Conditioning Classical Conditioning: The Story of Dogs and Little Albert A BEHAVIORAL VIEW OF LEARNING As you read below you may come to think that behavioral learning theories seem
Behavior Analysis and Strategy Application after Brain Injury: Addressing the long-term behavioral outcomes of brain injury
Behavior Analysis and Strategy Application after Brain Injury: Addressing the long-term behavioral outcomes of brain injury Chris M. Schaub, MS Ed., BCBA Christina M. Peters, MS Ed., CBIS Stephanie A.
Today. Learning. Learning. What is Learning? The Biological Basis. Hebbian Learning in Neurons
Today Learning What is Learning? Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Intro Psychology Georgia Tech Instructor: Dr. Bruce Walker What is Learning? Depends on your purpose and perspective Could be
IMPORTANT BEHAVIOURISTIC THEORIES
IMPORTANT BEHAVIOURISTIC THEORIES BEHAVIOURISTIC THEORIES PAVLOV THORNDIKE SKINNER PAVLOV S CLASSICAL CONDITIONING I. Introduction: Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) was a Russian Physiologist who won Nobel Prize
Chapter 5. Learning. Outline
Chapter 5 Learning Outline I. What Is Learning? A. Learning is demonstrated by a relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as the result of practice or experience. 1. Learning cannot be observed
Operant Conditioning. PSYCHOLOGY (8th Edition, in Modules) David Myers. Module 22
PSYCHOLOGY (8th Edition, in Modules) David Myers PowerPoint Slides Aneeq Ahmad Henderson State University Worth Publishers, 2007 1 Operant Conditioning Module 22 2 Operant Conditioning Operant Conditioning
A View on Behaviorist Learning Theory. view of behaviorism assumes that all behavior is determined via the environment or how one has
A View on Behaviorist Learning Theory Introduction Behaviorism is a learning theory that emphasizes observable behavior. The most radical view of behaviorism assumes that all behavior is determined via
Psychology Ciccarelli and White
1 Psychology Ciccarelli and White What is Learning? -Any relatively permanent change in behavior based on experience or practice Chapter Five: Learning -Learning is not maturation. Maturation is change
7/17/2014. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) Therapy Overview. Applied Behavior Analysis Therapy. Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
Applied Behavior Analysis Therapy Continuum Autism Spectrum Alliance Presented: Tram Chum Newcomb B.A. ABA Program Coordinator and Junior Consultant www.autismspectrumalliance.com Applied Behavior Analysis
LEARNING. Chapter 6 (Bernstein), pages 194-229
LEARNING Chapter 6 (Bernstein), pages 194-229 What is LEARNING? LEARNING is the adaptive process through which experience modifies preexisting behavior and understanding; relatively permanent change in
Classical (Pavlovian) Conditioning
Psychology Behavior 01 Notes Classical (Pavlovian) Conditioning Behaviorism is essentially the study of how we learn. Humans are different from many animals in that we possess very little instinct, or
Behavioural Therapy A GUIDE TO COUNSELLING THERAPIES (DVD) Published by: J & S Garrett Pty Ltd ACN 068 751 440
Behavioural Therapy A GUIDE TO COUNSELLING THERAPIES (DVD) Published by: J & S Garrett Pty Ltd ACN 068 751 440 All Case Histories in this text are presented as examples only and any comparison which might
9/14/2015. Innate behavior. Innate behavior. Stimuli that trigger innate behaviors are called releasers.
& & has a fixed, genetic component. Despite differing environments, the behavior develops in all individuals. Learned behavior is acquired and modified over development. s can be triggered or enhanced
Classical Conditioning. Classical and Operant Conditioning. Basic effect. Classical Conditioning
Classical Conditioning Classical and Operant Conditioning January 16, 2001 Reminder of Basic Effect What makes for effective conditioning? How does classical conditioning work? Classical Conditioning Reflex-basic
Section 2 - Behavior Modification Section 2.2 - Reinforcement
Section 2 - Behavior Modification Section 2.2 - Reinforcement Positive versus Negative Reinforcement Wiki - reinforcement is an increase in the strength [or frequency] of a response following the change
Learning Theories Taught in EDFL 2240: Educational Psychology. Behavioral Learning Theories (Learning is defined as a change in behavior)
Learning Theories Taught in EDFL 2240: Educational Psychology Behavioral Learning Theories (Learning is defined as a change in behavior) Pavlov & Watson s Classical (Reflexive) Conditioning Definition:
Educational Psychology (EDP304) Comprehensive Course Review
Educational Psychology (EDP304) Comprehensive Course Review Research Methods 1. The discipline or field that studies learners, learning and teaching is? 2. Explain the difference between external and internal
Classical vs. Operant Conditioning
Classical vs. Operant Conditioning Operant conditioning (R S RF ) A voluntary response (R) is followed by a reinforcing stimulus (S RF ) The voluntary response is more likely to be emitted by the organism.
Operant Conditioning
LP 6B Operant Conditioning: Reinforcements and Punishments 1 Operant Conditioning Operant conditioning (instrumental conditioning): A learning process in which the consequences of an action determine the
Learning. Chapter 5. How have you used reinforcement to modify your own behavior or the behavior of others? Video 00:00 / 02:28
Chapter 5 Learning Yoshiko s first-grade teacher started a reading contest. For every book read, a child would get a gold star on the reading chart, and at the end of one month the child with the most
Image Source: Markstivers.com
Classical Conditioning Image Source: Markstivers.com What is Learning? Relatively permanent change in an organism s behavior due to experience Behaviorism Types of Learning Classical Conditioning Operant
Heather Maurin, MA, EdS, PPS, LEP, BICM School Psychologist-Stockton Unified School District THE ABC S OF APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS
Heather Maurin, MA, EdS, PPS, LEP, BICM School Psychologist-Stockton Unified School District THE ABC S OF APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS WHAT IS BEHAVIOR Every behavior has a purpose. There is no behavior that
Chapter 7. Behavioral Learning Theory: Operant Conditioning
Chapter 7 Behavioral Learning Theory: Operant Conditioning Overview Operant Conditioning Educational Applications of Operant Conditioning Principles Using Computer-Based Instruction in Your Classroom Copyright
Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience.
Content Outline Lesson 1 Attributes of Learning and Classical Conditioning I. Attributes of learning Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience.
5 Learning. Links to Learning Objectives. Enduring Issues. How is learning influenced by an organism s inborn characteristics?
CHAPTER 5 Learning Links to Learning Objectives ENDURING ISSUES IN LEARNING CLASSICAL CONDITIONING Definition of learning Basic elements & establishing a response Classical conditioning in humans & selectivity
Psychological Models of Abnormality
Several Different Models Psychological Models of Abnormality Psychoanalytic Models Learning Models Cognitive Models Psychology 311 Abnormal Psychology Listen to the audio lecture while viewing these slides
AP Psychology 2008-2009 Academic Year
AP Psychology 2008-2009 Academic Year Course Description: The College Board Advanced Placement Program describes Advanced Placement Psychology as a course that is designed to introduce students to the
Approaches to studying animal behavior
Approaches to studying animal behavior Foundations of modern study of behavior 1. Evolution by natural selection 2. Genetics and inheritance 3. Comparative method Evolution by natural selection Alfred
Faulty Explanations for Behavior
Functional Assessment of Behavior EDS 240 Stephen E. Brock, Ph.D., NCSP California State University, Sacramento Faulty Explanations for Behavior 1. Behavior occurs because of the student is bad 2. Behavior
Evolutionary Perspective: Wrap Up
Psych 305A: Lecture 18 Evolutionary Approach Wrap Up The Cognitive Approach Part I Learning and Behaviorism 1 Evolutionary Perspective: Wrap Up 2 1 Importance of Good Financial Prospect When Selecting
Applied Behavior Analysis Reinforcement. Elisabeth (Lisa) Kinney, M.S. September 19, 2007
Applied Behavior Analysis Reinforcement Elisabeth (Lisa) Kinney, M.S. September 19, 2007 Skinner Box & Reinforcement In operant conditioning, behavior is also affected by its consequences, but the process
CHAPTER 5 LESSON PLAN NOV 28-DEC 9, 2011 LEARNING Learning Objectives
CHAPTER 5 LESSON PLAN NOV 28-DEC 9, 2011 LEARNING Learning Objectives After reading this chapter, you should be able to Classical Conditioning Define learning. Describe the elements of classical conditioning,
PSYC2011 Exam Notes. Instrumental conditioning
PSYC2011 Exam Notes Instrumental conditioning Also called operant conditioning Response learning - Stimulus -> Response -> Outcome - Learning about the consequences of your actions, behaviour change Distinct
COURSE SYLLABUS. COURSE: EDP 7350 The Learning Process Section :001. 1:00 p.m. - 4:20 p.m., Monday and Wednesday
COURSE SYLLABUS DIVISION: PROGRAM AREA: Theoretical and Behavioral Foundations Educational Psychology COURSE: EDP 7350 The Learning Process Section :001 COURSE CREDIT: 2-3 Semester Hours TERM/YEAR: Fall
Content / Topic Teaching / Learning Activity Duration Assessment Resources
Name of Unit Psychology Unit 4 Area of Study Learning Sample out line Learning Outcomes Area of Study 1: Learning Outcome 1 On completion of this unit, the student should be able to explain the neural
Chapter 12: Observational Learning. Lecture Outline
Chapter 12: Observational Learning Lecture Outline Observational learning Observational learning in Classical conditioning Observational learning in operant conditioning Observational learning in animals
Operant Conditioning: An Overview
Operant Conditioning: An Overview Classical, or Pavlovian, conditioning is a process by which new emotional and glandular reactions develop in response to previously neutral stimuli in the environment.
The ABC s of ABA. Claire Benson Kimberly Snyder Sarah Kroll Judy Aldridge
The ABC s of ABA Claire Benson Kimberly Snyder Sarah Kroll Judy Aldridge ABA Overview Applied Behavior Analysis is NOT one set of procedures that can be applied to everyone. Applied Behavior Analysis is
Chapter 5. Chapter 5 Lectures Outline
Chapter 5 Finishing up Classical Conditioning Underlying Processes & Practical Applications Chapter 5 Lectures Outline Underlying processes in Pavlovian conditioning S-R vs. S-S learning Stimulus-substitution
Emerging Theories of Learning and Preservice Teachers
Emerging Theories of Learning and Preservice Teachers Demetria L. Ennis-Cole, Ph.D., Associate Professor Technology & Cognition, College of Education University of North Texas, P.O. Box 311337 Denton,
Chapter 3 Behavioral Approach and Multimedia-Learning Environments
Chapter 3 Behavioral Approach and Multimedia-Learning Environments The behavioral approach to learning and development, which has for the most part dominated the psychology of curriculum design and educational
Behaviorism: Laws of the Observable
Behaviorism: Laws of the Observable The Backdrop to Watson: Functionalism at the Univ. of Chicago John Dewey, like James, was influenced by both Peirce and Darwin Moved to the University of Chicago in
AN ABA APPROACH TO TEACHING THE DIFFICULT CHILD. By: Lindsay Rice and Stephanie Beaulieu
AN ABA APPROACH TO TEACHING THE DIFFICULT CHILD By: Lindsay Rice and Stephanie Beaulieu Overview Defining the behavior Data collection and how to begin this process The why : Why is this behavior occurring
Chapter 1: Educational Psychology - A Foundation for Teaching. 1. Define educational psychology and state its main purpose.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES Educational Psychology - Slavin, Ninth Edition Psychology 207 Mr. Conjar Chapter 1: Educational Psychology - A Foundation for Teaching 1. Define educational psychology and state its
Applied Behavior Analysis. Session 1: Course overview and basic concepts
Applied Behavior Analysis Session 1: Course overview and basic concepts My background Special Ed teacher in Victoria Special Ed teacher in junior vocational high schools in Canada BEd, MSc University of
CHAPTER. 7 Learning and Health and
kin35406_ch06_180-215.indd Page 180 17/06/13 5:03 PM f-500 CHAPTER CHAPTER OUTLINE 1 2 3 4 5 6 Types of Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Observational Learning Cognitive Factors in
Is the stimulus/response something that was learned or something that occurs naturally, by instinct?
Chapter 5: Learning: Classical Conditioning Notes & Exercises Many students get confused with the terms of classical conditioning. There are four major components to this type of learning: unconditioned
Cristine Deaver, MS, BCBA, LABA Behavior Analyst
Cristine Deaver, MS, BCBA, LABA Behavior Analyst Provide an overview of effective research based interventions for professionals working with young students with challenging behaviors and their families.
Principles of animal learning
23 Chapter 1 Perspectives on animal learning theory Part 3 Principles of animal learning Stewart Hilliard Summary The objective of this section is to summarise some of the main principles of animal learning,
Reinforcement and Its Educational Implications
International Journal of Education Vol.33, No.3, July.-September., 2010 pp. 27-36 Reinforcement and Its Educational Implications Goodluck, Kingdom Umegbewe and Ateh-Abang, Alice Bukie Agbor Department
Empirical Background for Skinner s Basic Arguments Regarding Selection by Consequences
Empirical Background for Skinner s Basic Arguments Regarding Selection by Consequences Iver Iversen University of North Florida, Jacksonville Presentation at NAFO, April 2016 Gol, Norway Skinner was Controvercial
Attachment Theory: Understanding and Applying Attachment Style in Addiction Counseling. Denise Kagan, PhD Pavillon Psychologist
Attachment Theory: Understanding and Applying Attachment Style in Addiction Counseling Denise Kagan, PhD Pavillon Psychologist Attachment Theory Mentalization and Attachment Studies Neurobiology of Attachment
Behavior Analysis: A Science of Behavior. Created by: Division 25, J. Miller, D. Reed, B. Kaplan, & J. Hirst
Behavior Analysis: A Science of Behavior Created by: Division 25, J. Miller, D. Reed, B. Kaplan, & J. Hirst For more information, visit: Division 25 @ http://www.auburn.edu/~newlamc/apa_div25/ Behavior
117 118, 123, 125, 130 131, 133)
Samples_PDPS_pms_540.qxd 4/19/06 10:05 AM Page 122 CH A P T E R O B J E C T I V E S R E V I E W After reading this chapter, you should understand the chapter objectives. The objectives are listed below
Using sentence fragments
Lesson 8 Descriptive Essays Description is not a distinct mode of writing, like expository, narrative, and persuasive, but the ability to write descriptively is essential to a host of writing genres. Many
ABA & Teaching Methods
ABA & Teaching Methods C H A P T E R 7 E A S T E R S E A L S S O U T H E A S T W I S C O N S I N S T A R T E A R L Y, S T A R T S T R O N G P R O G R A M ABA ABA = Applied Behavior Analysis Science devoted
IT'S NOT JUST ABOUT SALIVATING DOGS! Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes. London: Oxford University Press.
1 IT'S NOT JUST ABOUT SALIVATING DOGS! Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes. London: Oxford University Press. Have you ever walked into a dentist's office where the odor of the disinfectant made
: " ; j t ;-..,-.: ',-. LEARNING AND MEMORY AN INTEGRATED APPROACH. Second Edition. John R. Anderson Carnegie Mellon University
: " ; j t ;-..,-.: ',-. 2008 AGI-Information Management Consultants May be used for personal purporses only or by libraries associated to dandelon.com network. LEARNING AND MEMORY AN INTEGRATED APPROACH
DOMAIN Ill: Cognitive Development
Purpose: To develop new skills, knowledge and the ability to acquire and process new information through play and interaction with others and the environment. The cognitive development domain includes
Psychology lesson plans for the week of 11/16/09. Monday 11/16/09 Chapter 6 test Read chapter 5
Psychology lesson plans for the week of 11/16/09 Monday 11/16/09 Chapter 6 test Read chapter 5 Tuesday 11/17/09 What is the difference between motivation and emotion? Motivation drives us toward goals.
The Insider's Guide To The West Highland Terrier - The Dog Barking Helper HOW TO MANAGE DOGGY PROBLEMS. Dog Barking Help
HOW TO MANAGE DOGGY PROBLEMS Dog Barking Help 2007-2011 www.west-highland-terrier-fun.com 1 DOG BARKING Dogs, often called mans best friend, are wonderful companions and certainly an extremely important
Making Sense of Animal Conditioning
13 Frances K. McSweeney Abstract Operant and classical conditioning provide powerful techniques for understanding and controlling animal behavior. In classical conditioning, behavior changes when an arbitrary
THE WORLD OF PSYCHOLOGY, 5/E 2005
THE WORLD OF PSYCHOLOGY, 5/E 2005 Ellen Green Wood Samuel E.Wood Denise Boyd 0-205-43055-4 Exam Copy ISBN (Please use above number to order your exam copy.) Visit www.ablongman.com/replocator to contact
Classical Conditioning Overview
Classical Conditioning Overview Classical conditioning was first identified and developed by a Russian physiologist, Ivan Pavlov. The phenomenon of classical conditioning is widely considered to be the
Early Signs of Autism
Early Signs of Autism Gerald T. Guild, PhD Licensed Psychologist Preschool Learning Center Springville, New York Long Term Outcomes Crucial Variables known to maximize student outcomes Early Identification
From Head to Nails: Practical Uses for Desensitization and Counter-Conditioning Workshops By Teoti Anderson, CPDT-KA, KPA-CTP
From Head to Nails: Practical Uses for Desensitization and Counter-Conditioning Workshops By Teoti Anderson, CPDT-KA, KPA-CTP Summary Trimming a dogs' nails, or getting a dog to happily wear an Elizabethan
PUSD High Frequency Word List
PUSD High Frequency Word List For Reading and Spelling Grades K-5 High Frequency or instant words are important because: 1. You can t read a sentence or a paragraph without knowing at least the most common.
A Brief Explanation of Applied Behavior Analysis. conditioning to identify the contingencies affecting a student s behavior and the functions of the
A Brief Explanation of Applied Behavior Analysis Applied Behavior Analysis is the procedure for using the principles of operant conditioning to identify the contingencies affecting a student s behavior
Introduction to Applied Behavior Analysis
Introduction to Applied Behavior Analysis Glenwood, Inc. Teacher Training 2013 We may have gotten into the teaching profession to teach science, music, or foreign language, but pretty soon we discover
Applied Behavior Analysis Reinforcement. Elisabeth (Lisa) Kinney, M.S. September 26, 2007
Applied Behavior Analysis Reinforcement Elisabeth (Lisa) Kinney, M.S. September 26, 2007 Pairing to Teach New Reinforcers Avoiding satiation Helping child mature Avoiding cavities Creating interest in
3 Classical conditioning: involuntary associations
3 Classical conditioning: involuntary associations The method of classical conditioning is based on Pavlov's work, which was briefly introduced in Chapter 1. Pavlov himself was usually fairly cautious
Classical Conditioning
OpenStax-CNX module: m49048 1 Classical Conditioning OpenStax College This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 By the end of this section, you