Circulatory System and Blood Review
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1 Circulatory System and Blood Review Name: Block: 1. Identify the arteries in the diagram and give one function for each. W: X: Y: Z: 2. The heart shown is in the process of A. atrial and ventricular systole. B. atrial and ventricular diastole. C. atrial systole and ventricular diastole. D. atrial diastole and ventricular systole. 3. a) Identify the blood vessels in the diagram above. (4 marks) b) List 2 differences in the composition of blood in blood vessels X and Y. (2 marks)
2 4. The reading taken at X would be at the a) renal artery b) pulmonary vein c) posterior vena cava d) peritubular capillaries 5. In the fetus, the function of the structure labelled X is to A. take blood to the lungs. B. ensure adequate blood flow to the brain. C. return blood from the placenta to the heart. D. direct some of the blood away from the lungs. What would be the consequences of this structure persisting after childbirth. (2 marks) 6. The graph illustrates how the body consumes stored nutrients during a prolonged period of starvation. After eight weeks, A. blood pressure will increase. B. fluids will accumulate in tissues. C. glycogen production will increase. D. hemoglobin will not release oxygen. 7. Which area indicated in the diagram is the location of the AV node? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z
3 8. The structure labelled X is the A. iliac artery. B. hepatic vein. C. carotid artery. D. posterior vena cava. 9. In the diagram above, the blood pressure is highest at A. W B. X C. Y D. Z 10. Which of the following blood vessels is represented by the diagram? A. Lymph vessel. B. Carotid artery. C. Hepatic portal vein. D. Peritubular capillary. Blood capillaries and lymph capillaries both A. filter bacteria. B. have one-way valves. C. contain red blood cells. D. have walls which are one-cell thick. one-way valves thin elastic layer near skeletal muscle The characteristics above describe which type of vessel? A. vein B. artery C. arteriole D. capillary
4 11. Blood vessel U is a(n) A. vein. B. artery. C. venule. D. capillary. 12. The graph shows blood pressure and cross-sectional area of vessels in various parts of the circulatory system. What kind of blood vessel would have the characteristics found in area Z? A. Vein. B. Artery. C. Arteriole. D. Capillary. 13. Systole of the ventricles is occurring at A. W B. X C. Y D. Z 14. Lymph fluid is returned to the circulatory system in the vessel labeled A. W B. X C. Y D. Z
5 15. Identify each blood component indicated in the diagram below and give one function of each. (6 marks: 1 mark each for name and 1 mark each for function) 16. a) Which blood vessel in the diagram above directly supplies the heart tissue with oxygen and nutrients? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z b) The sequence of structures through which the nerve impulse passes to cause contraction of the heart is A. AV node SA node Purkinje fibres. B. Purkinje fibres AV node SA node. C. Purkinje fibres SA node AV node. D. SA node AV node Purkinje fibres. 17. The blood vessel shown carries blood between organs at locations X and Y. Blood flow through the vessel would be from the A. heart at X to the kidneys at Y. B. intestine at Y to the liver at X. C. heart at Y to the kidneys at X. D. intestine at X to the liver at Y. 18. The chordae tendineae are indicated by the letter A. W B. X C. Y D. Z
6 19. State one function of each of the following heart structures. (4 marks) a) SA node: b) Coronary arteries: c) Atrioventricular valves: d) Right ventricle: 20. Which letter represents a graph indicating the total cross-sectional area of the body s blood vessels? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z 21. Under what conditions would: HINT: Think Digestive System a) more blood sugar be found in the hepatic portal vein than in the hepatic vein? (2 marks) b) more blood sugar be found in the hepatic vein than in the hepatic portal vein? (2 marks) 22. a) Explain why there is a sharp drop in pressure as blood moves from arteries to capillaries. (1 mark) b) Give a disadvantage of having low pressure entering the capillaries. (1 mark)
7 23. Name and give one function for each of the indicated parts: (10 marks) 24. a) Name two structures that exist in the human fetal circulation system that are non-functional in the adult. (2 marks) b) Outline their function in the fetal circulatory system and explain why they are unnecessary in the adult. (4 marks) 25. Give one function of each of the following in the circulatory system: (6 marks) a) platelets b) S-A node c) hemoglobin
8 26. Use the following diagrams of blood vessels to answer question 26. Which of these vessels is involved in the process of fluid exchange? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z 27. Which of the following is required to initiate blood clotting? A. platelets B. antibodies C. red blood cells D. white blood cells 28. A red blood cell leaves the right ventricle, moves through the circulatory system and arrives in the anterior vena cava. The sequence of organs through which this cell moved is A. lungs brain heart. B. lungs heart brain. C. heart brain lungs. D. heart lungs kidney. 29. Use the following diagram of the formed elements of the blood to answer question 29. Which of these are parts of the immune system? A. W and X B. W, Y and Z C. W and Z D. X and Y 30. Which of the following characteristics is not true of both the posterior vena cava and a lymph vein? A. Both have internal valves. B. Both carry fluids low in oxygen. C. Both remove fluids from the tissues. D. Both carry fluids directly to the right atrium. 31. In fetal circulation, which of the following vessels carries blood with the highest concentration of oxyhemoglobin? A. the aorta B. the umbilical vein C. the umbilical artery D. the anterior vena cava
9 32. Which of the following occurs at the venous end of a capillary bed in a muscle? A. Plasma proteins leave the bloodstream. B. Carbon dioxide and glucose enter the bloodstream. C. Blood pressure forces water to move into the tissues. D. Osmotic pressure causes water to move into the blood. 33. What blood vessels carry blood to and from the intestines? A. the iliac artery and the iliac vein B. the carotid artery and the jugular vein C. the hepatic portal vein and the hepatic vein D. the mesenteric artery and the hepatic portal vein 34. What blood vessel carries blood from the fetus to the placenta? A. arterial duct B. umbilical vein C. umbilical artery D. posterior vena cava 35. Use the following diagram of the heart to answer question 35. Which of the following describes the path that blood takes as it moves into the systemic circulation? A. U W Z B. V U W C. V U X D. Y Z W 36. What is the function of each of the following in the clotting process? (4 marks) a) prothrombin activator- b) thrombin- c) fibrin- d) plasmin-
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