Molarity Practice Worksheet
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1 Molarity Practice Worksheet Find the molarity of the following solutions: 1) 0.5 moles of sodium chloride is dissolved to make 0.05 liters of solution. 2) 0.5 grams of sodium chloride is dissolved to make 0.05 liters of solution. 3) 0.5 grams of sodium chloride is dissolved to make 0.05 ml of solution. 4) 734 grams of lithium sulfate are dissolved to make 2500 ml of solution. 5) 6.7 x 10-2 grams of Pb(C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 4 are dissolved to make 3.5 ml of solution. 6) I have two solutions. In the first solution, 1.0 moles of sodium chloride is dissolved to make 1.0 liters of solution. In the second one, 1.0 moles of sodium chloride is added to 1.0 liters of water. Is the molarity of each solution the same? Explain your answer. For chemistry help, visit
2 Molarity Calculations Calculate the molarities of the following solutions: 1) 2.3 moles of sodium chloride in 0.45 liters of solution. 2) 1.2 moles of calcium carbonate in 1.22 liters of solution. 3) 0.09 moles of sodium sulfate in 12 ml of solution. 4) 0.75 moles of lithium fluoride in 65 ml of solution. 5) 0.8 moles of magnesium acetate in 5 liters of solution. 6) 120 grams of calcium nitrite in 240 ml of solution. 7) 98 grams of sodium hydroxide in 2.2 liters of solution. 8) 1.2 grams of hydrochloric acid in 25 ml of solution. 9) 45 grams of ammonia in 0.75 L of solution. For chemistry help, visit Cavalcade Publishing All Rights Reserved
3 Explain how you would make the following solutions. You should tell how many grams of the substance you need to make the solution, not how many moles. 10) 2 L of 6 M HCl 11) 1.5 L of 2 M NaOH 12) 0.75 L of 0.25 M Na 2 SO 4 13) 45 ml of 0.12 M sodium carbonate 14) 250 ml of 0.75 M lithium nitrite 15) 56 ml of 1.1 M iron (II) phosphate 16) 6.7 L of 4.5 M ammonium nitrate 17) 4.5 ml of 0.05 M magnesium sulfate 18) 90 ml of 1.2 M BF 3 For chemistry help, visit Cavalcade Publishing All Rights Reserved
4 Making Solutions Practice Worksheet 1) Explain how you would make 450 ml of a M NaOH solution. 2) To what volume will you have to dilute 30.0 ml of a 12 M HCl solution to make a 0.35 M HCl solution? 3) How many grams of calcium chloride will be needed to make 750 ml of a M CaCl 2 solution? 4) Explain why this experimental procedure is incorrect: To make 1.00 L of a 1.00 M NaCl solution, I will dissolve 58.5 grams of sodium chloride in 1.00 L of water. For chemistry help, visit Cavalcade Publishing All Rights Reserved
5 Dilutions Worksheet 1) If I add 25 ml of water to 125 ml of a 0.15 M NaOH solution, what will the molarity of the diluted solution be? 2) If I add water to 100 ml of a 0.15 M NaOH solution until the final volume is 150 ml, what will the molarity of the diluted solution be? 3) How much 0.05 M HCl solution can be made by diluting 250 ml of 10 M HCl? 4) I have 345 ml of a 1.5 M NaCl solution. If I boil the water until the volume of the solution is 250 ml, what will the molarity of the solution be? 5) How much water would I need to add to 500 ml of a 2.4 M KCl solution to make a 1.0 M solution? For chemistry help, visit Cavalcade Publishing All Rights Reserved
6 Dilutions Worksheet 1) If I add 25 ml of water to 125 ml of a 0.15 M NaOH solution, what will the molarity of the diluted solution be? 2) If I add water to 100 ml of a 0.15 M NaOH solution until the final volume is 150 ml, what will the molarity of the diluted solution be? 3) How much 0.05 M HCl solution can be made by diluting 250 ml of 10 M HCl? 4) I have 345 ml of a 1.5 M NaCl solution. If I boil the water until the volume of the solution is 250 ml, what will the molarity of the solution be? 5) How much water would I need to add to 500 ml of a 2.4 M KCl solution to make a 1.0 M solution? For chemistry help, visit Cavalcade Publishing All Rights Reserved
7 USING SOLUBILITY CURVES Practice using the solubility curve reference sheet by answering the following questions. 1. If 50 grams of water saturated with ammonium chloride at 40 C is slowly evaporated to dryness, how many grams of the dry salt will be recovered? 2. What is the smallest mass of water required to completely dissolve 23 grams of ammonium chloride at 40 C? 3. A saturated solution of NaNO 3 in 100 grams of water at 40 C is heated to 50 C. What is the rate of increase in solubility in grams per degree? 4. Which salt has solubility values that are least affected by temperature? 5. If 30 grams of KCl is dissolved in 100 grams of water at 45 C, how many additional grams of KCl would be needed to make the solution saturated at 80 C? 6. At what temperature do potassium bromide and potassium nitrate have the same solubility in water? 7. At 25 C, 100 grams of water is saturated with NaClO 3. How many grams of NaClO 3 will fall out of solution when it cools to 0 C? 8. At 50 C, 100 grams of water is saturated with NaCl. How many grams of NaCl will precipitate when the solution is cooled to 40 C? 9. How many grams of sodium chloride are required to saturate 500 grams of water at 100 C? 10. Which compound is least soluble in water at 12 C? 11. Which compound is most soluble in water at 50 C? 12. At 80 C, 100 grams of water is saturated with KCl. How many grams of KCL will precipitate when the solution is cooled to 45 C? 13. A saturated solution of which compound contains 132 grams of solute per 100 grams solute per 100 grams of water at 70 C. 14. How many grams of sodium nitrate, are required to saturate 200 grams of water at 10 C? 15. Which saturated solution of a chloride has the greatest percentage by mass of solute at 60 C?
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9 Concentration Practice Problems 1. Sea water contains roughly 28.0 g of NaCl per liter. What is the molarity of sodium chloride in sea water? 2. What is the molarity of g of H 2 SO 4 dissolved in 1.00 L of solution? 3. What is the molarity of 5.30 g of Na 2 CO 3 dissolved in ml solution? 4. What is the molarity of 5.00 g of NaOH in ml of solution? 5. How many moles of Na 2 CO 3 are there in 10.0 L of 2.0 M solution? 6. How many moles of Na 2 CO 3 are in 10.0 ml of a 2.0 M solution? 7. How many moles of NaCl are contained in ml of a 0.20 M solution? 8. What weight (in grams) of NaCl would be contained in problem 7? 9. What weight (in grams) of H 2 SO 4 would be needed to make ml of 2.00 M solution? 10. What volume (in ml) of 18.0 M H 2 SO 4 is needed to contain 2.45 g H 2 SO 4? 11. What volume (in ml) of 12.0 M HCl is needed to contain 3.00 moles of HCl? 12. How many grams of Ca(OH) 2 are needed to make ml of M solution? 13. What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 20.0 g of H 3 PO 4 in 50.0 ml of solution? 14. What weight (in grams) of KCl is there in 2.50 liters of 0.50 M KCl solution? 15. What is the molarity of a solution containing 12.0 g of NaOH in ml of solution? 16. Determine the molarity of these solutions: a) 4.67 moles of Li 2 SO 3 dissolved to make 2.04 liters of c) grams of Na 2 CO 3 to make liters of solution. solution. b) moles of Al 2 O 3 to make liters of d) grams of (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 to make 250 ml of solution. solution. e) grams of PbCl 2 to form 45.0 ml of solution. 17. Determine the number of moles of solute to prepare these solutions: a) 2.35 liters of a 2.00 M Cu(NO 3 ) 2 solution. b) ml of a molar Pb(NO 3 ) 2 solution. 18. Determine the grams of solute to prepare these solutions: a) liters of a M Cu(NO 3 ) 2 solution. b) milliliters of a 5.90-molar Pb(NO 3 ) 2 solution. c) 508 ml of a 2.75-molar NaF solution. 19. Determine the final volume of these solutions: a) 4.67 moles of Li 2 SO 3 dissolved to make a 3.89 M solution. b) moles of Al 2 O 3 to make a M solution. c) 3.00 L of a M MgCO 3 solution. d) 6.20 L of a 3.76-molar Na 2 O solution. d) 6.20 L of a 3.76-molar Na 2 O solution. e) L of a 1.00 M KCl solution. f) 4.35 L of a 3.50 M CaCl 2 solution. c) grams of Na 2 CO 3 to make a M solution. d) 8.97 grams of (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 to make a molar solution. e) grams of PbCl 2 to form a 5.0-molar solution.
10 Molality: Remember molality is defined as the # moles of solute # of Kg of solvent. mol m = kg a. How many grams of KCl must be dissolved in 255 g of water to prepare a m solution? b. What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 35.2 g of KCl in 300 ml of water? (Assume the density of water is 1.00 g/ml) c. How many grams of KCl are contained in a 5.15 m solution if 825 grams of water are used to prepare the solution? d. How many moles of KCl are contained in a 5.15 m solution if 825 grams of water are used to prepare the solution? Per Cent by mass. % = g of solute total grams of solution. mass. solute % m = 100 total. mass a. What is the percent by mass of a solution prepared by dissolving 4.50 g of KCl in 25.0 g of water? b. A solution contains 1.00 mole of KCl and 2.00 mole of water. What is the percent by mass of KCl in the solution? c. What is the percent by mass of water in the solution in part 2b above? d. How many grams of KCl are contained in 1000 g of a solution if the solution is 4.52% KCl by mass? Molarity. M = the number of moles of solute volume of solution (L) mol M = L a. What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 2.50 g of KCl in 100. ml of solution? b. How many moles of solute are contained in 200. ml of a M solution of KCl? c grams of (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 are used to make a molar solution. What is the final volume of this solution? d. How many grams of KMnO 4 are required to prepare ml of a M solution? e. How many grams of glucose are contained in ml of 0.30 M glucose, C 6 H 12 O 6, used in intravenous injection? Dilution. Molarity of initial x vol. of initial = Molarity of final x vol. of final M 1V 1 = M 2V2 a. What volume (ml) of concentrated H 3 PO 4 (14.7 M) should be used to prepare 125 ml of a 3.00 M H 3 PO 4 solution? b. What volume (ml) of M K 2 CrO 4 should be used to prepare ml of a M solution? If I add 25 ml of water to 125 ml of a 0.15 M NaOH solution, what will the molarity of the diluted solution be? c. If I add water to 100 ml of a 0.15 M NaOH solution until the final volume is 150 ml, what will the molarity of the diluted solution be? d. How much 0.05 M HCl solution can be made by diluting 250 ml of 10 M HCl? e. I have 345 ml of a 1.5 M NaCl solution. If I boil the water until the volume of the solution is 250 ml, what will the molarity of the solution be? f. How much water would I need to add to 500 ml of a 2.4 M KCl solution to make a 1.0 M solution?
11 Colligative Properties Worksheet 1) If I add 45 grams of sodium chloride to 500 grams of water, what will the melting and boiling points be of the resulting solution? 2) Which solution will have a higher boiling point: A solution containing 105 grams of sucrose (C 12 H 22 O 11 ) in 500 grams of water or a solution containing 35 grams of sodium chloride in 500 grams of water? 3) 5 grams of salt (NaCl) is added to 170 ml of water. What are the new freezing and boiling points? 4) What is the change in freezing point of a solution containing 132 g C 12 H 22 O 11 and 250 g of H 2 O? 5) What is the boiling point of a solution containing 52 g MgSO 4 and 334 g H 2 O?
12 Colligative Properties Worksheet FYI: K f of water is C/m; K b of water is C/m 1) Explain why the addition of a solute decreases the melting point of a liquid. 2) What is the melting point of a solution in which 3.5 grams of sodium chloride is added to 230 ml of water? 3) What is the boiling point of a solution in which 22.5 grams of sucrose (C 12 H 22 O 11 ) is dissolved in 550 ml of water? 4) Rank the following solutions from lowest to highest boiling point, a 2.5 m solution of sodium chloride, a 3.5 m solution of magnesium chloride, or a 4.5 m solution of sulfur dioxide? 5) If an aqueous solution has a boiling point of , what s the effective molality of the solute?
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