Gas Technology: Trends and Opportunities. Conan Jones Sub Sahara Africa Area Sales Leader GE Energy Power & Water (Gas Engines) South Africa

Transcription

1 Gas Technology: Trends and Opportunities Conan Jones Sub Sahara Africa Area Sales Leader GE Energy Power & Water (Gas Engines) South Africa

2 Gas Technology: Trends and Opportunities Gas as a viable long-term energy source, not as an interim solution between coal/nuclear and green Large gas finds W. Africa (already being tapped Nigeria), E.Africa (Tanzania) and already being used (97%) from Mozambique in S.Africa CBM/CMM/Shale (USA Popular Mechanics) The efficiencies of gas CHP, over 80%-90% efficient use of a cleaner energy source (Natural Gas) Renewable use of alternative sources Use of Waste sources replacement of CO2, destruction of methane Application landscape Flare gas, -Furnace gas (large users), -ABSA, MTN (lead info into airports/hospitals/hotels/offices), - landfill / biogas (WWTP) and A/D gas 50% of gas types are from fossil fuels (NG/CBM/CMM/Flare/APG), others are renewable (LFG/Biogas/WWTP/A/D s/biomass from purpose grown sustainable crops/invader plant species) Biogas from Agriculture (plant & animal) Soft organic plant waste can be converted in an anaerobic digestor Animal dung waste (cattle / pig / poultry / fish) Abattoir waste WWTP Process waste (brewing / sugar / chemical)

3 Our joint challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa

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8 What Fast Blue may mean in Southern Africa Bridge Fuel Old Way Role of gas temporary bridge to low carbon economy Gas supply constrained Many countries facing future of high import dependency Development was driven mainly by project economics Destination Fuel New Way Role of gas key long term solution to achieving a low carbon economy Gas supplies abundant with increasing large finds Countries facing a more secure energy future CHP and Waste Heat 2 Power development driven by energy infrastructure dynamics

9 Recent large gas finds

10 Technologies ready for a Fast Blue world Aero Derivative Turbines 16MW-100MW Reciprocating Gas Engines 300kW to 9.5MW

11 Combined Heat and Power technical benefits High electrical efficiencies of up to 46.5%* Overall efficiencies (electrical and thermal) of over 90% Low investment costs Primary energy savings of roughly 40% Reduced transportation and distribution losses Roughly 36%** fewer emissions being released into the atmosphere Flexible solutions for various applications Take a new direction with combined heat and power! * * Values are based on performance of one natural gas fueled 4 MW CHP unit, operating 6000 OH/year, compared to separate production of heat by a gas boiler and the delivery of electricity on the global grid.

12 Energy Balance of a Gas Engine HE 1 Mixture intercooler HE 2 Oil heat exchanger HE 3 Engine jacket water heat exchanger HE 4 Exhaust gas heat exchanger

13 Innovative CHP technology available today ~ 45% primary energy savings ~ 15% savings in CO 2 emissions Values are based on performance on one natural gas fueled J624 CHP unit, operating 8000 OH/year, compared to separate production of heat by a gas boiler and the delivery of electricity on the German grid.

14 Usable gas types for gas engine generation Synthetic gases Biogases Natural gases

15 Fuel flexibility allows for a broad range of innovative solutions

16 Landfill gas More than 1,500 Jenbacher landfill gas engines with an electrical output of about 1,500 MW worldwide Organic decomposition produces fuel gas 1 million tons of waste power 1 MW plant for more than 15 years Waste from US city of 1 million can power 8 MW plant

17 Renewable energy project in South Africa generating Carbon Credits Gas Engine Generator-Sets power South Africa s first landfill methane plants, providing much needed electricity to the municipal grid.

18 Sewage gas More than 500 Jenbacher sewage gas engines with an electrical output of more than 350 MW worldwide Sewage fermentation produces fuel gas Waste water from city of half a million powers 1 MW plant Covers 100% of energy needed for sewage plant

19 Maximum power with waste water After a record time major overhaul the plant is ideally equipped for the next 60,000 operating hours: A J208 GS engine provides electricity and heat for a facility that generates 120% of its energy demand. The excess power is fed into the local grid.

20 Associated petroleum gas (Flare gas) More than 300 gas engines with an electrical output of more than 450 MW worldwide 150 billion m 3 gas flared per year Equals annual natural gas demand of France and Germany Substitutes diesel oil for power generation and avoids transportation costs 1 MW plant saves 2 million liters of diesel per year

21 30 MW power plant supports energy demand of oil field production In Argentina, 20 gas engines are fueled by untreated associated gas from the oil and gas fields. The 30 MW power plant provides a reliable electricity supply to overcome the country s energy shortages.

22 Special gas Industrial waste gases - Power produced from steel and chemical industry waste gases - Industries become more energy efficient Synthetic gases from gasification - Highly efficient power generation with biomass and waste gasification

23 Highly efficient power generation with special gas The efficient combustion of wood gas requires highly sophisticated gas engines. Two J612 engines provide power and heat at the wood gas plant in the town of Güssing, Austria.

24 Biogas More than 1,800 Jenbacher biogas engines with an electrical output of about 1,300 MW worldwide Anaerobic digestion produces fuel gas Renewable from organic and animal waste 5,000 cows can power 1 MW plant

25 Palm Oil - Promising electricity supplier for the future The palm oil production process generates huge quantities of organic waste material that, if not processed, has a negative impact on the ecological balance. In Thailand two gas engines are supplying 33,000 Thai households with reliable electricity.

26 Cow-Power: Biogas from 2,500 tons of waste daily powers 1 MW plant In India, a biogas engine is powering a successful demonstration cattle manure-methane cogeneration plant at a large dairy complex, helping to address the region s mounting energy and environmental needs.

27 China s first Chicken manurebiogas plant Two biogas engines generate much needed energy while helping to solve the farm s waste problems: The farm owns three million chickens, producing 220 tons of manure and 170 tons of wastewater each day.

28 Energy potential of biomass 1 Live Stock Unit (LSU) = 500 kg live weight 1 LSU = milking cow approx. 1.3 m 3 biogas/lsu, day LHV = approx. 6.0 kwh/m 3 N 1 LSU = 2-6 pigs approx. 1.5 m 3 biogas/lsu, day LHV = approx. 6.0 kwh/m 3 N 1 LSU = layers approx. 2 m 3 biogas/lsu, day LHV = approx. 6.5 kwh/m 3 N

29 Energy potential of biomass 1 JMS 312 GS-B.L with 500 kwel can be fueled by manure of: 3,600 dairy cows 14,000 feeding pigs 700,000 laying hens or chickens

30 Island mode for industries Reliable power supply independent from the grip High efficient CHP/CCHP operation Power for remote areas

31 Reliable power for the textile industry in Pakistan Gas engines provide a reliable, independent and affordable source of electricity helping textile companies in Pakistan meet important production and delivery targets.

32 Multiple engine approach: The preferred method of electricity generation for IPPs 28x J620 engines support a major rural electrification initiative in Bangladesh. Combined, the engines generate about 81 MW in electricity at four new power plants to support developing areas.

33 Greenhouse application More than 980 CO 2 fertilization plants with an electrical output of more than 1,800 MW worldwide Powers artificial lighting Provides heat for greenhouses Cleaned exhaust used as fertilizer Overall stronger plant growth

34 The world s first 4 MW 24-cylinder gas engine is powering one of the largest commercial tomato greenhouses in the Netherlands, offering an economic supply of on-site electrical and thermal power while also employing the engines cleaned exhaust gas as a fertilizer.

35 Natural gas fueled CHP About 4,100 natural gas fueled cogeneration units with an electrical output of approximately 5,800 MW worldwide Highly efficient generation of power, heat and cooling Minimizes transmission losses Enhanced total efficiency greater than 95% Reduces fossil fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions

36 Maximum energy efficiency with trigeneration at Cologne/Bonn Airport Four of type 6 gas engines surpassed 200,000 operating hours and generated about 46,000 MWh of electricity annually, displacing the equivalent of 360,000* tons of CO 2 since * According to the airport s annual report 2007

37 Coal mine gas More than 180 coal mine gas engines with an electrical output of about 400 MW worldwide Reduces greenhouse gas emissions 1 MW plant saves more than 30,000 tons CO 2 per year Degasification improves mine safety

38 Helping to reduce the environmental impact of Australia s coal mines A 45.6 MW alternative energy plant is located at Anglo Coal s Moranbah North mine saving 1.3 million tons of CO 2 equivalent per year or the average of taking 330,000 cars off the road.