Toyota s Initiatives for Realizing Sustainable Mobility

Transcription

1 Toyota s Initiatives for Realizing Sustainable Mobility August 28, 2008 Toyota Motor Corporation 1

2 Executive Vice President Masatami Takimoto 2

3 Recognizing Challenges Reducing Oil Consumption and Promoting Wide Use of Alternative Energies Reducing CO 2 for preventing global warming Prevention of Air Pollution 3

4 Initiatives for Reducing Size and Weight of Vehicles Six methods by which world s most compact vehicle was achieved Differential gear reverse placement Center take-off gearbox Placement of ultra-thin fuel tank under floor Slimmed seat backs Compact air conditioning unit Asymmetric installment panel Size and weight reduction is crucial to energy conservation and lower CO 2 emissions 4

5 Advanced Gasoline Engine Technology Complete upgrading all of engine series from L3 1.0 through V8 L3 1.0 Newly- developed L Newly- developed L4 1.3 New Start & Stop system V L Valvematic system V Promote and expand valvematic system and new start & stop system - Add variations of fuel-efficient efficient engines 5

6 Advanced Gasoline Engine Technology Improvement of fuel efficiency Fuel Economy 1015mode driving km/ Achieved improvement in fuel efficiency by introducing new engines Fuel efficiency comparisonnew-former former new former new former new former new Engine Weight reduction Weight comparison by outputkg/kw/ Reduced weight by using aluminum material, and modularized parts former 1SZ-FE new 1KR-FE former 1AZ-FSE new Improvement of performance Performance improved by introducing D-4S, high compression ratio, and lowering friction. Output comparisonkw/ Engine weight comparisonnew-former) 1.0 class 2.0 class former new former new 3ZR-FAE 2JZ-FSE 2GR-FSE 3UZ-FE 1UR-FSE engine 3.0 class 4.0 class year Achieved improvement in fuel efficiency and in performance, and reducing weight at the same time 6

7 Diesel Engines Lineup 1.4 liter 1.6 liter class liter liter V8 4.5 liter Debut scheduled in 2012 Million units Production Volume of Diesel Engines Total number of production volume has reached 20 million Wide variation lineup and production volume of Diesel Engines 7

8 Encouraging Eco Driving Eco Driving Indicator Mometary FE 11.4km/L Instantaneous fuel consumption display Eco drive status indicator Eco Driving Mode Switch New Eco Driving Support System Eco Driving Mode Switch Examples of Eco Driving Avoid sudden acceleration Set higher temperature in summer Set lower temperature in winter - Environmentally considerate driving - Safe driving External environment Vehicle Driver Advice -Environmental evaluation - Safety evaluation - Advice notification -Point assignment Encouraging eco driving reduced CO 2 emissions volume 8

9 Environmental Superiority of Hybrid Vehicles (HV) Large Gasoline CO 2 Emission (g/km) Prius Camry HV RX400h GS450h LS600h Diesel Gasoline HV Vehicle Weight (ton) Heavy EC mode HVs contribute to reduced CO 2 emissions 9

10 Expansion of HV Introduction (10 thousand Annual sales of Toyota HVworld wide year Accelerate introducing hybrid models to meet market demand 10

11 Evolution of Electric Motors for Hybrid Vehicles 97 Prius 03 Prius 05 RX400h 06 GS450h 07 LS600h Output density ratio kw 50 kw 123 kw 147 kw 165 kw Permanent Magnet Motor Technology Increasing voltage Increasing speed Two-stage motor speed reduction gear Reducing size and weight by increasing output density 11

12 Evolution of Inverter for Hybrid Vehicles 97 Prius 03 Prius 05 RX400h 06 GS450h 07 LS600h Output density ratio Technology Optimizing placement of parts Integrating the intelligent power module Improving cooling capability Reducing size and weight by increasing output density 12

13 Evolution of Batteries for Hybrid Vehicles Mass output density (W/kg) Lighter (Square plastic 03 Prius package) 35% Improvement 00 Prius (Square resin package) 97 Prius (Cylindrical) RX400h (Square metal package) 30% Improvement Smaller 0 Volume output density (W/) Decreasing size and weight by increasing output density 13

14 Evolution of Cost Reduction of Hybrid Vehicles HV System Cost Achieved ½cost reduction Continue further cost reduction First Prius 2nd Prius Next Prius - Realized to cut HV system cost in half over the 1 st Prius - Continue to work for further reduction 14

15 Effect on CO 2 Emissions Reduction by Introducing HV million CO 2 emissions volume from conventional gasoline-powered vehicles of equivalent size and performance CO 2 emissions volume from HVs Cumulative HV sales Toyota estimates CO 2 emissions reduction of approximately 7.5 million tons Cumulative CO 2 emissions volume = No. vehicles sold driving distance fuel efficiency CO 2 emissions factor CO 2 emissions reduced by approximately 7.5 million tons due to sales of 1.6 million HVs 15

16 HV Competitiveness of HV With Other Car Makers (thousand units/year) Toyota Maker Maker BMaker C Fuel Economy Other Makers HV Toyota HV Vehicle Weight - Toyota overcomes other car makers in HV sales - Toyota HV superiors other makers HV in fuel efficiency 16

17 Plug-In Hybrid Vehicle Recharging battery using an external power source Short distance:ev, Long distance:hv Household electricity Engine Motor Battery Fuel Tank 17

18 What is Plug-In Hybrid Vehicle? Short distance: EV Long distance: HV Hybrid Electricity 18

19 Results of Verification Testing for Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles Partner: EDF Partner University of California Berkeley, Irvine Fuel Efficiency Improvement Fuel efficiency (gasoline vehicle=1) Prius Toyota PHVs Data on driving in Japan (13km EV driving distance) Level of gasoline vehicles Driving distance after battery charged (km) Expected Values for EV Driving Distance Result of the user questionnaires No Answer Other 40km km 20km Verification testing is underway in Japan, Europe and the USA confirmation of improved fuel efficiency for plug-in hybrid vehicles 19

20 Battery of a Bio-fuel Compatible PHV Charged Using a Solar Power Generation System Biofuel compatible plug-in hybrid vehicle + Solar power generation system Well to Wheel CO 2 emissions can be reduced to zero 20

21 EV Initiatives Toyota RAV4 EV Toyota e-com Accelerate R&D of new generation EV (in early 2010s) Challenges for EV: 1) Cruising range, 2) cost, 3) charging time, 4) dedicated charging infrastructure For the time being, a realistic option as compact commuter vehicles 21

22 Alternative Fuels InitiativesBio Fuels, Natural Gas, Hydrogen Bio Fuels FFV - Research for cellulose ethanol manufacture - Completed all models to adopted to E10 -Development of vehicles like FFV or BDF-vehicles to satisfy regional demand Natural Gas - Introducing CNG vehicle FCHV Hydrogen - Steady advances in FC vehicle technology Place HV and PHV as core technologies, Toyota develops and offers s items based on the concept right vehicle for the right place at the right time 22

23 Scenarios for Response to Environment and Energy Issues Oil Drilling and refining technology and cost Hybrid technology ICE Hybrid Vehicle Natural gas Coal Gas storage technology Gasification/synthetic technology Build infrastructure CO 2 reduction technology (during production of fuel) Fuel Tank Bio-fuel, GTL/CTL/BTL, Gas, etc Engine Biomass Obtain desired properties Technology utilizing cellulose Stabilize supply Generator Power split device Nuclear energy Electricity generation Electrical storage technology for PHVs and small EVs Infrastructure development CO 2 reduction technology (thermal power station) Electrical storage technology for EV Power Control Unit Motor Hydro, Solar, Geothermal energy Hydrogen production Hydrogen storage technology Infrastructure development CO 2 reduction technology (during hydrogen production) Battery 23

24 Scenarios for Response to Environment and Energy Issues Oil Drilling and refining technology and cost Hybrid technology Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle Natural gas Coal Gas storage technology Gasification/synthetic technology Build infrastructure CO 2 reduction technology (during production of fuel) Fuel Tank Bio-fuel, GTL/CTL/BTL, Gas, etc Engine Biomass Obtain desired properties Technology utilizing cellulose Stabilize supply Generator Power split device Nuclear energy Electricity generation Electrical storage technology for PHVs and small EVs Infrastructure development CO 2 reduction technology (thermal power station) Electrical storage technology for EV Power Control Unit Motor Hydro, Solar, Geothermal energy Hydrogen production Hydrogen storage technology Infrastructure development CO 2 reduction technology (during hydrogen production) Battery Plug 24

25 Scenarios for Response to Environment and Energy Issues Oil Drilling and refining technology and cost Hybrid technology Electric Vehicle Natural gas Coal Biomass Gasification/synthetic technology Obtain desired properties Gas storage technology Technology utilizing cellulose Build infrastructure CO 2 reduction technology (during production of fuel) Stabilize supply Fuel Tank Engine Generator Power split device Nuclear energy Electricity generation Electrical storage technology for PHVs and small EVs Infrastructure development CO 2 reduction technology (thermal power station) Electrical storage technology for EV Power Control Unit Motor Hydro, Solar, Geothermal energy Hydrogen production Hydrogen storage technology Infrastructure development CO 2 reduction technology (during hydrogen production) Battery Plug 25

26 Scenarios for Response to Environment and Energy Issues Oil Natural gas Coal Gas storage technology Gasification/synthetic technology Drilling and refining technology and cost Build infrastructure CO 2 reduction technology (during production of fuel) Hybrid technology Fuel-Cell Hybrid Vehicle (FCHV) Hydrogen Tank FC Stack Biomass Obtain desired properties Technology utilizing cellulose Stabilize supply Generator Power split device Nuclear energy Hydro, Solar, Geothermal energy Electricity generation Hydrogen production Electrical storage technology for PHVs and small EVs Hydrogen storage technology Infrastructure development CO 2 reduction technology (thermal power station) Infrastructure development Electrical storage technology for EV CO 2 reduction technology (during hydrogen production) Power Control Unit Battery Motor 26

27 Research Organization for Next-generation Batteries Output Density (W/l) Nickel-hydride batteries Lithium-ion Lithium-ion batteries batteries National National project project targets targets Traditional battery performance limit Sakichi Batteries Electrochemistry Research bodies Organic and inorganic chemistry Universities Research bodies Physical chemistry Recruitment Solid-state physics and training of research personnel Chemical engineering Analysis Simulation Toyota battery research department (open laboratory) Energy Density (W/l) (=Cruising Distance) New battery research department to be established as part of efforts to accelerate R&D for a next generation battery 27

28 North America Global R&D Centers South East Asia Japan North America Research Center TRI-NA) is newly-organized Europe Australia 28

29 TODAY for TOMORROW 29