Imperialism and the Emergence of the U.S. as a World Power

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Imperialism and the Emergence of the U.S. as a World Power"

Kelley Richards
7 years ago
Views:

1 Imperialism and the Emergence of the U.S. as a World Power

2 What is Imperialism? Imperialism is the economic and political domination of a strong country over a weaker one Different ways they can take over: Colony complete control of the new territory Protectorate where the stronger country allows the local rulers to stay in power but helps protect against uprisings/rebellions Annexation to take and add something

3 Early U.S. Imperialism After Reconstruction people in the U.S. wanted to see the U.S. become a world power and have more influence People wanted this for many reasons: 5 D s of imperialism Dollars Diplomacy Democracy Destiny (Manifest) Darwinism (Social)

4 Dollars Need for Foreign Markets and Trading Partners

5 Diplomacy

6 Social Darwinsim - White Man s Burden

7 Social Darwinism - White Man s Burden

8 Destiny (Manifest)

9 Democracy

10 Expansion of the U.S. Alaska Manifest Destiny is complete after War with Mexico in the 1850s BUT Sec. of State William Seward buys Alaska from Russia for $7.2 Million People thought this was a huge mistake

13 U.S. Strategic Military Interests

14 Seward s Folly : 1867 $7.2 million

15 Seward s Icebox : 1867

16 Hawaii Crossroads of the Pacific 1890 McKinley Tariff eliminates all taxes on sugar 1893 American businessmen backed an uprising against Queen Liliuokalani. U.S. waits until McKinley is President and then Annexes Hawaii

17 U. S. View of Hawaiians Hawaii becomes a U. S. Protectorate in 1849 by of economic treaties.

18 Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani

21 Latin America Wanted to expand market for American Goods Pan- Americansim Ideas that American nations can work together to support peace and increase trade

22 Building a Modern Navy Needed to modernize to help protect foreign interests People were more willing to go to war to protect interests U.S. needed to build up Navy and bases around the world to be powerful Alfred Mahan Taught at Naval War College in R.I. Put these ideas in a book Henry Cabot Lodge and Alfred Beveridge also supported this

23 Americans Support Cubans At the start of the war President Grover Cleveland declared the U.S. to be a neutral country Despite neutrality most Americans remained supportive of the Cuban rebels

24 Yellow Journalism Drums Up Support for the War Dramatic stories that appeared in the nation s two most popular newspapers generated passionate support of Cuban rebels New York World Joseph Pulitzer New York Journal William Randolph Hearst

26 Remember the Maine

27 Explosion of War In 1897 William McKinley became President of the U.S. McKinley wanted to maintain a neutral position September 1897 McKinley asks to mediate Spain offers limited independence to Cuba February 1898 Spanish loyalists riot in Havana McKinley orders the battleship Maine to Havana Shortly after a letter from a Spanish diplomat is intercepted and printed In the letter from the Spanish diplomat President McKinley is described as a weak leader and then the Maine burst into flames!!!!

28 A Two Front War In the Pacific the U.S. Navy lead by Commodore George Dewey launches an attack that destroys the Spanish fleet located in Manila Bay in the Philippines. The Army then sends 20,000 troops to the Philippines to secure the islands. In addition they also take over the island of Guam which was another Spanish colony. In June of 1898 the U.S. Army launches its campaign to control Santiago Harbor in Cuba. On August 12, 1898 Spain and the U.S. agree to a cease-fire.

30 The Rough Riders All volunteer unit lead by Colonel Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt Achieved fame for their assault on San Juan Heights Makes Roosevelt a national war hero

31 Treaty of Paris Cuba became an independent nation The U.S. acquired Puerto Rico and Guam from Spain Spain received $20 million for the Philippines from the U.S.

32 Post War Cuba Despite granting Cuba recognition as an independent nation the U.S. established a military government in Cuba following the war The Platt Amendment was then included in the Cuban Constitution to ensure that Cuba would remain tied to the U.S.

33 The Platt Amendment 1. Cuba could not make a treaty with another nation that would weaken its power or allow another foreign nation to gain territory in Cuba 2. Cuba had to allow the U.S. to buy or lease naval stations in Cuba 3. Cuba s debts had to be kept low to prevent foreign countries from landing troops to enforce payment 4. The U.S. would have the right to intervene to protect Cuban independence and keep order

34 Problems in the Philippines The U.S. had difficulty controlling their new colony the Philippines Emilio Aguinaldo a Filipino revolutionary lead an attack against American soldiers stationed in the Philippines William Howard Taft introduces reforms in education, transportation, and health care in an attempt to win over the Filipino people By April 1902 all Filipino resistance to U.S. rule had stopped

35 The Foraker Act In 1900 Congress passed this law making Puerto Rico an unincorporated territory Puerto Ricans are gradually allowed some degree of self-government In 1917 Puerto Ricans were made official U.S. citizens

That damned cowboy is president of the United States Theodore Teddy Roosevelt becomes President after the assassination of William McKinley Roosevelt was an

36 That damned cowboy is president of the United States Theodore Teddy Roosevelt becomes President after the assassination of William McKinley Roosevelt was an active man who preached about the necessity of living the strenuous life Roosevelt believed that the U.S. had a duty to shape the less civilized parts of the world

37 American Diplomacy in Asia Many different industrialized nations were competing for trading privileges with China Many different industrialized nations had forced a weaker China into leasing territory to them These leased territories became the center of a sphere of influence An area where a foreign nation controlled economic development such as railroad and mining Influences decisions

38 The Open Door Policy President McKinley and Secretary of State John Hay believed that all countries should be allowed to trade with China Hay sent letters to the leaders of all countries with leaseholds in China asking them to keep ports open to all nations, this policy is known as the Open Door Policy

39 Teddy Roosevelt Wins the Nobel Peace Prize In 1906 Teddy Roosevelt received the Nobel Peace prize for his efforts in ending the Russo- Japanese War After the peace treaty was reached relations between the Japanese and U.S. grew tense Tensions increased between the two nations after Teddy Roosevelt ordered the Great White Fleet to sail around the world

40 A Growing Presence in the Caribbean Hay-Pauncefote Treaty Signed by the U.S. and Great Britain Gave the U.S. exclusive rights to build and control any proposed canal though Central America

41 The Panama Canal A French company had begun building a canal through Panama In 1903 Panama was part of Columbia, which refused to allow the U.S. to buy the land necessary to build the canal Panamanians declare their independence from Columbia and make a deal with the U.S.

42 Significance of the Panama Canal 1. Made shipping goods from to the Pacific much easier 2. In times of War made mobilizing troops dramatically easier especially during WWI, WWII, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War

43 The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine In 1904 the Roosevelt Corollary stated that the U.S. would intervene in Latin American affairs when necessary to maintain economic and political stability in the Western Hemisphere How do you think Latin American nations felt about America s growing influence?

44 2F%2Fwww.barringtonhigh.org%2FC17%2FC6%2FEra%25206%2520- %2520Industrialization%2520and%2FDocument%2520Library%2FImperialism%2520and%2520the%2520Emergence%2520of%2 520the%2520U.S.%2520as%2520a%2520World%2520Power.ppt&ei=cv5JUcXbCM_2iQL-t4DADQ&usg=AFQjCNFjolA1AKeLaVXd5IGYBjWK0cTYw&sig2=BD6bgCKUdbOD-_OiAS91rQ&bvm=bv ,d.cGE

Becoming a World Power. The Imperialist Vision. Imperialism (cont) 1872-1912. Americans wanted to develop overseas markets

Becoming a World Power. The Imperialist Vision. Imperialism (cont) 1872-1912. Americans wanted to develop overseas markets Becoming a World Power 1872-1912 The Imperialist Vision Imperialism economic and political domination of a strong nation over a weaker one Became popular with countries in Europe Imperialism (cont) Protectorates