DVP-PLC Application Manual Programming Table of Contents

Transcription

1 DVP-PLC Application Manual ming Table of Contents Chapter 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram Preface-The Background and Functions of PLC The Working Principles of Ladder Diagram The Difference between Traditional Ladder Diagram and PLC Ladder Diagram Edition Explanation of Ladder Diagram The Edition of PLC Ladder Diagram The Conversion of PLC Command and Each Diagram Structure The Simplification of Ladder Diagram The for Designing Basic Chapter 2 DVP-PLC Function 2.1 Summary of DVP-PLC Device Number Value, constant [K] / [H] The Numbering and Function of External Input/Output Contact [X] / [Y] The Numbering and Function of Auxiliary Relay [M] The Numbering and Function of Step Relay [S] The Numbering and Function of Timer [T] The Numbering and Function of Counter [C] Register Number and Function [D], [E], [F] Data register [D] Index Register [E], [F] File Register Function and Characteristics Nest Level Pointer[N], Pointer[P], Interrupt Pointer [I] Special Auxiliary Relay and Special Register Special Auxiliary Relay and Special Register Functions Fault Code Information Chapter 3 Basic Commands 3.1 Summary of Basic Command and Step Ladder Command Basic Commands Explanations

2 Chapter 4 Step Ladder Commands 4.1 Step Ladder Command [STL], [RET] Sequential Function Chart (SFC) Step Ladder Command Explanation Reminder of Design on the Step Ladder Categories of Procedures IST command Chapter 5 Application Commands 5.1 Summary of Parameters Application Command Structure Handling of Numeric Values Index register E, F Index for Commands Chapter 6 Application Commands API Chapter 7 Application Commands API Chapter 8 Application Commands API Chapter 9 Application Commands API Chapter 10 Application Commands API

3 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram Preface----The Background and Functions of PLC PLC (mable Logic Controller) is one of electronic equipments. It was called Sequence Controller before. It was named mable Logic Controller (PLC) by NEMA (National Electrical Manufacture Association) in 1978 and defined as electronic equipment. The operation of PLC is in the following: Step 1. Read the external input signal, such as the status of keypad, sensor, switch and pulse. Step 2. Using microprocessor to execute the calculations of logic, sequence, timer, counter and formula according to the status and the value of the input signal read in the step 1 and pre-write programs saved inner to get the corresponding output signal, such as open or close of relay, operation of controlled machine or procedure to control automatic machine or procedure of manufacture. PLC also can be used to maintain and adjust of production program by editing or modifying the peripheral equipments (personal computer/handheld programming panel). The common program language of PLC is ladder diagram. There are stronger functions in PLC with the development and application requirements of electronic technology, such as position control, network and etc. Output/Input signals are DI (Digital Input), AI (Analog Input), PI (Pulse Input), DO (Digital Output), AO (Analog Output) and PO (Pulse Output). Thus PLC plays an important role in the feature industry. 1.1 The Working Principles of Ladder Diagram Ladder diagram is an automatic control diagram language that developed during World War II. At first, it just has basic components, such as A contact (normally open), B contact (normally close), output coil, timer counter and etc. (The power panel is made up of these basic components) It has more functions, differential contact, latched coil and the application commands, add, minus, multiply and divide calculation, that traditional power panel can t make since PLC is developed. The working principles of the traditional Ladder Diagram and the PLC Ladder Diagram are similar to each other; the only difference is that the symbols for the traditional ladder diagram are expressed in the format that are close to its original substance, while those for the PLC ladder diagram employ the symbols that are more explicit when being used in computers or data sheets. In the Ladder Diagram Logics, it could be divided into the Combination Logics and the Sequential Logics, and is described as follows: 1. Combination Logics: The following example is the combination logics that show in traditional diagram and PLC ladder diagram separately. Traditional Ladder Diagram PLC Ladder Diagram X1 Y0 Y1 X2 X3 X4 Y2 Y0 X1 Y1 X2 X4 Y2 X3 DVP-PLC Application Manual 1-1

4 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram 1: Circuit 1 utilizes one (NO: Normally Open) switch, which is normally known as the A switch or contact, and its characteristic is that the contact is in the OFF condition at regular time (not pressed); the output point Y0 is thus in OFF condition. However, once the switch motion (the button is pressed) is conducted, the contact will be ON, and the output point Y0 will be in ON condition. 2: Similarly, Circuit 2 utilizes the X1 (NC: Normally Close) switch, which is normally known as the B switch or contact, and its characteristic is that the contact is in the ON condition at regular time; the output point Y0 is thus in ON condition. While the switch motion is conducted (which is in the OFF condition), the output point Y0 is in OFF condition. 3: This is an example of combination logics output, which has more than one input equipment. The output point Y2 will be in ON condition when X2 is in OFF condition or X3 and X4 are in ON condition. 2. Sequential logics: The sequential logics are a type of circuit that possesses the Draw-Back structure, which is to draw back the circuit s output result and has it serve as the input condition. Thus, under the same input condition, different output results will be generated in accordance with previous conditions and motions with different orders. The following example is the sequential logics that show in traditional diagram and PLC ladder diagram separately. Traditional Ladder Diagram X5 X6 Y3 Y3 PLC Ladder Diagram X5 X6 Y3 Y3 When the above circuit is just supplied with power, although the X6 switch is ON, the X5 switch is still OFF, thus, the output relay Y3 will be in OFF condition; output of the relay will only be ON after X5 is ON. Once the output relay Y3 is in ON condition, there will be a feedback signal containing the ON condition from Y3 to connect in parallel with the A contact of X5; this circuit is thus also known as the self-latched circuit. The circuit motion is showed in the following chart: Device status Step X5 X6 Y3 1 N N OFF 2 Y N ON 3 N N ON 4 N Y OFF 5 N N OFF N: is in OFF condition Y: is in ON condition From above chart, you can find that the same input may get different result. For example, in the step 1 and 3, the status of X5 and X6 are in OFF condition but Y3 is in OFF condition in step 1 and in ON condition in step3. That is due to the self-latched circuit feedback input. In this example, it explains with contact A, contact B and output coil. The usage of other equipments is the same with this. Please refer to the chapter 3 for the detail. 1.2 The Difference between Traditional Ladder Diagram and PLC Ladder Diagram 1-2 DVP-PLC Application Manual

5 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram Although the working principles are in accordance with each other for the traditional ladder diagram and the PLC ladder diagram, PLC is indeed utilizing the microcomputer chip (MCU) to simulate the motion of the traditional ladder diagram, which is to use the scan method to look over one by one the conditions of all input devices and output coils, and afterwards, with the conditions in consideration, to calculate and generate the same output result as that of the traditional ladder diagram based on the logics of the combination status of the ladder diagram. However, since that there is only one MCU, the only way to examine the circuits is to look it over one after another within the ladder diagram program, then calculate the output result in compliance with the program and the input/output status, and finally, output the results to the external interface; thereafter, start over with the readout of the input status, the calculation, output, and repeatedly go over the above-mentioned motions again; the time needed to complete the whole set of cyclic motion is called one Scan Time. The scan time will become longer in accordance with the increment of the program. With this scan time, it will incur repeated input detections, and thus, result in delay in the output responses; and the longer the delay time, the greater the error towards the control, and what s worse, is that the condition might be unqualified for the control requests. By then, PLC (with faster Scan Time) would be chosen to do the job; the scan speed is thus an essential specification to PLC. Thanks to the advanced technique of ASIC (IC with specific functions) within the microcomputer, PLC of the present has made greater progress in the scan speed, and what follows is the scanning chart of the PLC Ladder Diagram. Read input state from outside X1 Calculate the result by ladder diagram algorithm (it doesn t sent to the outer output point but the inner equipment will output immediately.) Start Y0 Y0 M100 X3 : : X10 Y1 Execute in cycles X100 M505 Y126 End Send the result to the output point In addition to the difference of scan time, PLC ladder diagram and traditional ladder diagram also has difference in reverse current. In the following chart of traditional ladder diagram, if, X1, X4 and X6 are in ON condition and the others are in OFF condition, output point Y0 will be in ON condition as shown as dotted line in the following diagram. But in the PLC ladder diagram will have error in the peripheral equipment WPLSoft due to scan method of MCU is from up to down and from left to right. DVP-PLC Application Manual 1-3

6 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram Reverse current of traditional ladder diagram X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 a b X6 Y0 Reverse current of PLC ladder diagram X1 X2 Y0 Y0 X3 X4 X5 a b X6 There is a fault in the 3rd row of ladder diagram. 1.3 Edition Explanation of Ladder Diagram Ladder diagram is a diagram language that applied on the automatic control and it is also a diagram that made up of the symbols of electric control circuit. PLC procedures are finished after ladder diagram editor edits the ladder diagram. It is easy to understand the control flow that indicated with diagram and also accept by technical staff of electric control circuit. Many basic symbols and motions of ladder diagram are the same as mechanical and electrical equipments of traditional automatic power panel, such as button, switch, relay, timer, counter and etc. The kinds and amounts of PLC internal equipment will be different with brands. Although internal equipment has the name of traditional electric control circuit, such as relay, coil and contact. It doesn t have the real components in it. In PLC, it just has a basic unit of internal memory. If this bit is 1, it means the coil is ON and if this bit is 0, it means the coil is OFF. You should read the corresponding value of that bit when using contact (Normally Open, NO or contact a). Otherwise, you should read the opposite sate of corresponding value of that bit when using contact (Normally Close, NC or contact b). Many relays will need many bits, 8-bits makes up a byte. 2 bytes can make up a word. 2 words makes up double word. When using many relays to do calculation, such as add/ subtraction or shift, you could use byte, word or double word. Furthermore, the two equipments, timer and counter, in PLC not only have coil but also value of counting time and times. In conclusion, each internal storage unit occupies fixed storage unit. When using these equipments, the corresponding content will be read by bit, byte or word. Basic introduction of the inner equipment of PLC: (Refer to Chapter 2 for detail) Input relay Input relay is the basic storage unit of internal memory that corresponds to external input point (it is the terminal that used to connect to external input switch and receive external input signal). Input signal from external will decide it to display 0 or 1. You couldn t change the state of input relay by program design or forced ON/OFF via HPP. The contacts (contact a, b) can be used unlimitedly. If there is no input signal, the corresponding input relay could be empty and can t be used with other functions. Equipment indication method:, X1, X7, X10, X11,. The symbol of equipment is X and the number uses octal. There are numeric indications of input point on MPU and expansion unit. 1-4 DVP-PLC Application Manual

7 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram Output relay Internal relay STEP Output relay is the basic storage unit of internal memory that corresponds to external output point (it is used to connect to external load). It can be driven by input relay contact, the contact of other internal equipment and itself contact. It uses a normally open contact to connect to external load and other contacts can be used unlimitedly as input contacts. It doesn t have the corresponding output relay, if need, it can be used as internal relay. Equipment indication: Y0, Y1, Y7, Y10, Y11,.. The symbol of equipment is Y and the number uses octal. There are numeric indications of output point on MPU and expansion unit. The internal relay doesn t connect directly to outside. It is an auxiliary relay in PLC. Its function is the same as the auxiliary relay in electric control circuit. Each auxiliary relay has the corresponding basic unit. It can be driven by the contact of input relay, output relay or other internal equipment. Its contacts can be used unlimitedly. Internal auxiliary relay can t output directly, it should output with output point. Equipment indication: M0, M1,, M4, M5. The symbol of equipment is M and the number uses decimal number system. DVP PLC provides input method for controlling program of step actions. It is very easy to write control program by using the conversion of control step S of command STL. If there is no step program in the program, step point S could be used as internal relay M or alarm point. Equipment indication: S0, S1, S1023. The symbol of equipment is S and the number uses decimal. Timer Timer is used to control time. There are coil, contact and timer storage. When coil is ON, its contact will act (contact a is close, contact b is open) when attaining desired time. The time value of timer is set by settings and each timer has its regular period. User sets the timer value and each timer has its timing period. Once the coil is OFF, the contact won t act (contact a is open and contact b is close) and the timer will be set to zero. Equipment indication: T0, T1,,T255. The symbol of equipment is T and the number uses decimal system. The different number range corresponds with the different timing period. Counter Counter is used to count. It needs to set counter before using counter (i.e. the pulse of counter). There are coil, contacts and storage unit of counter in counter. When coil is form OFF to ON, that means input a pulse in counter and the counter should add 1. There are 16-bit, 32-bit and high-speed counter for user to use. Equipment indication: C0, C1,,C255. The symbol of equipment is C and the number uses decimal. DVP-PLC Application Manual 1-5

8 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram Data register PLC needs to handle data and operation when controlling each order, timer value and counter value. The data register is used to store data or parameters. It stores 16-bit binary number, i.e. a word, in each register. It uses two continuous number of data register to store double words. Equipment indication: D0, D1,,D9,999. The symbol of equipment is D and the number uses decimal. File register The file register can be used to store data or parameter when the register that PLC needs is not enough during handling data and parameter. It can store 16-bit binary number, i.e. a word, in each file register. It uses two continuous number of file register to handle double word. There are 1600 file registers for EP series and file registers for EH series. There is not the real equipment number for file register, thus it needs to execute READ/WRITE of file register via commands API147 MEMR, API148 MEMW or the peripheral equipment HPP and WPLSoft. Equipment indication: K0~K9,999. There is no equipment symbol and uses decimal number for number. Index register Index register E and F are 16-bit data register just the same as general data register. It can be wrote and read freely and has the function of index indication to use for character device, bit device and constants. Equipment indication: E0~E7, F0~F7. The symbols of equipment are E, F and the number uses decimal. The structure and explanation of ladder diagram: Ladder Diagram Structure Explanation Command Equipment Normally open, contact a LD X, Y, M, S, T, C Normally close, contact b LDI X, Y, M, S, T, C Serial normally open AND X, Y, M, S, T, C Parallel normally open OR X, Y, M, S, T, C Parallel normally close ORI X, Y, M, S, T, C Rising-edge trigger switch LDP X, Y, M, S, T, C Falling-edge trigger switch Rising-edge trigger in serial Falling-edge trigger in serial LDF ANDP ANDF X, Y, M, S, T, C X, Y, M, S, T, C X, Y, M, S, T, C 1-6 DVP-PLC Application Manual

9 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram Ladder Diagram Structure Explanation Command Equipment Rising-edge trigger in parallel Falling-edge trigger in parallel ORP ORF X, Y, M, S, T, C X, Y, M, S, T, C Block in serial ANB none Block in parallel ORB none Multiple output Output command of coil drive MPS MRD MPP OUT none Y, M, S S Step ladder STL S Basic command, Application command Application command Please refer chapter 3 basic command and chapter 5 application command Inverse logic INV none Block: The block is the ladder diagram that made up of the serial or parallel calculation of two or above equipments. It will get the result of parallel block or serial block according to operation character. Serial block Parallel block Divergent line and combinative line: the vertical line is usually a separation for devices. This line is combination line for the left device (it means that there are at least two columns or above circuit at the left connect to this vertical line) this line is the divergent line for the right device (it means that there are at least two rows or above circuit connect to this line. 1 2 combinative line of block 1 divergent line of block 2 combinative line of block 2 DVP-PLC Application Manual 1-7

10 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram Network: this is the complete network that made up of devices and blocks. The vertical line or continuous line and the block or device that line can connect to is the same network. Independent network: Network1 Network2 Incomplete network: 1.4 The Edition of PLC Ladder Diagram The program edited method is from left power line to right power line. (the right power line will be omitted during the edited of DPLSoft and WPLSoft.) After editing a row, go to editing the next row. The maximum contacts in a row are 11 contacts. If you need more than 11 contacts, you could have the new row and start with continuous line to continue more input devices. The continuous number will be produced automatically and the same input point can be used repeatedly. The drawing is shown as follows. X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X10 C0 C X11 X12 X Y1 The operation of ladder diagram is to scan from left upper corner to right lower corner. The output handling, including the operation frame of coil and application command, at the most right side in ladder diagram. Take the following diagram for example; we analyze the process step by step. The number at the right corner is the explanation order X1 Y1 X4 M0 T0 M3 X3 M Y1 TMR T0 K DVP-PLC Application Manual

11 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram The explanation of command order: 1 LD 2 OR M0 3 AND X1 4 LD X3 AND M1 ORB 5 LD Y1 AND X4 6 LD T0 AND M3 ORB 7 ANB 8 OUT Y1 TMR T0 K10 The detail explanation of basic structure of ladder diagram 1. LD (LDI) command: give the command LD or LDI in the start of a block. LD command LD command AND Block OR Block The structures of command LDP and LDF are similar to the command LD. The difference is that command LDP and LDF will act in the rising-edge or falling-edge when contact is ON as shown in the following. Rising-edge Falling-edge OFF ON OFF Time OFF ON OFF Time 2. AND (ANI) command: single device connects to a device or a block in series. AND command AND command The structures of ANDP and ANDF are the same but the action is in rising-edge or falling-edge. 3. OR (ORI) command: single device connects to a device or a block. OR command OR command OR command DVP-PLC Application Manual 1-9

12 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram The structures of ORP and ORF are the same but the action is in rising-edge or falling-edge. 4. ANB command: a block connects to a device or a block in series. ANB command 5. ORB command: a block connects to a device or a block in parallel. ORB command If there are several blocks when operate ANB or ORB, they should be combined to blocks or network from up to down or from left to right. 6. MPS, MRD, MPP commands: Divergent memory of multi-output. It can produce many various outputs. The command MPS is the start of divergent point. The divergent point means the connection place between horizontal line and vertical line. We should determine to have contact memory command or not according to the contacts status in the same vertical line. Basically, each contact could have memory command but in some places of ladder diagram conversion will be omitted due to the PLC operation convenience and capacity limit. MPS command can be used for 8 continuous times and you can recognize this command by the symbol. MRD command is used to read memory of divergent point. Because the logical status is the same in the same horizontal line, it needs to read the status of original contact to keep on analyzing other ladder diagram. You can recognize the command MRD by the symbol. MPP command is used to read the start status of the top level and pop it out from stack. Because it is the last item of the horizontal line, it means the status of this horizontal line is ending DVP-PLC Application Manual

13 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram You can recognize this command by the symbol. Basically, that is all right to use the above method to analyze but sometimes compiler will omit the same outputs as shown at the right. MPS MPS MRD MPP MPP 7. STL command: this command is used in the syntax design for the Sequential Function Chart (SFC). This command helps the programmer to have clearer ideas on the program procedure, and thus the procedure will be more readable. As shown in the following diagrams, we can get clear procedure, and original step point will have the action of power loss after each step point S transfer to the next step point. In this way, we could transfer to our procedure diagram from the left diagram to the PLC structure diagram below. S0 S21 M1002 initial pulse M1002 S0 S S21 S S22 e S SET SET SET S0 S0 S21 S22 S22 RET 8. RET command: you should add RET command after finishing step ladder program and RET command should add after STL command as shown in the following. S20 e S RET S20 e S RET Refer to chapter 4 for the structure of step ladder [ STL ], [ RET ]. 1.5 The Conversion of PLC Command and Each Diagram Structure DVP-PLC Application Manual 1-11

14 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram Ladder Diagram X2 X1 X1 M2 S0 S S10 S S11 S S20 S C0 M0 M1 Y0 X10 X11 X12 S12 S X1 X1 M2 S13 S C0 X13 Y0 SET S0 Y10 SET S10 Y11 SET S11 SET S12 SET S13 Y12 SET S20 S0 RET CNT C0 K10 M0 M1 M2 RST C0 END LD OR LD OR ORI ANB LD AND ORB ANI OUT AND SET STL LD OUT SET STL LD OUT SET SET SET STL LD OUT SET STL STL STL LD OUT RET LD CNT LD MPS AND OUT MRD ANI OUT MPP ANI OUT END X1 X2 M0 M1 M2 Y0 X1 Y0 C0 S0 S0 X10 Y10 S10 S10 1 OR block 2 OR block Serial block 3 AND block Serial block 4 ANI Multiple outputs Step ladder Start State working item and step point transfer 5 7 Output state will keep on handling according to program scan state 9 S10 state take out X11 10 Take out X11 state Y S11 State working item and S12 step point transfer S13 S11 12 S11 state take out X12 13 Take out X12 state 14 Y12 State working item and S20 step point transfer S20 S12 Simultaneous 15 divergence S13 X13 State working item End of step ladder S0 and step point transfer Return S0 C0K10 17 C0 18 Read C0 X1 M0 X1 M1 M2 M2 Multiple outputs End 8 Syntax Fuzzy Structure The analytic process of correct ladder diagram should be from left to right or from up to down. But there are some exceptions as shown in the following. 1: there are two methods to use command to show the following ladder diagram but the result is the same DVP-PLC Application Manual

15 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram X2 X4 X1 X3 X5 Good method LD LD OR X1 OR X1 LD X2 LD X2 OR X3 OR X3 ANB LD X4 LD X4 OR X5 OR X5 ANB ANB ANB Bad method The results for the above two programs to convert to ladder diagram are the same. Why one is better than the other? That is due to operation of MPU. The operation of the program in the left side is one block merges to another one. Although the length of the program at the right side is the same as the left one, the operation of the program in the right side is merged at the last. (command ANB is used to merge, it can t use more than 8 continuous times). In this program, it just needs to use continuous two times of command ANB and MPU allows that. But when the program needs to use more than continuous 8 times of command ANB, MPU won t allow. So the best method is to merge once the block is established and in this way the logic of programmer will be in order. 2: there are two methods to use command to show the following ladder diagram but the result is the same. Good method Bad method X1 X2 X3 LD LD OR X1 LD X1 OR X2 LD X2 OR X3 LD X3 ORB ORB ORB The difference is very clear in these two programs. In the bad method, the more program code it needs and the operation memory of MPU also needs to increase. So that is better to decode in the order of the definition. The error figures of ladder diagram When editing ladder diagram, you can use all ladder symbols to make up all kinds of figures. When drawing ladder diagram, you should start from left power line and end with the right power line (the right power line will be omitted when using DPLSoft ladder diagram) due to the principle for PLC to handle figure program is from up to down and from left to right (it is drew from left to right and draw the next new row after finishing drawing a row). They are the common error figure in the following. It can t do OR operation upward. DVP-PLC Application Manual 1-13

16 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram There is reverse power flow during the circuit that is from input to output signal. reverse flow power The correct is output from right upper corner. If you want to merge or edit, the order should be from left upper corner to right lower corner. The block of dot line should move up. It can t do parallel operation with empty device. Empty device can t do operation with other device. There is no device in the middle block. The device in series should be arranged in parallel with the block that it connects in series.. The position of Label P should be in the first row of the complete network. The block that is connected in series should be arranged in parallel with the upper horizontal line. 1.6 The Simplification of Ladder Diagram To put the block in the front of ladder diagram can omit command ANB when series block and parallel block connect in series DVP-PLC Application Manual

17 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram X1 Command X2 LD LD X1 OR ANB X2 X1 X2 Command LD OR X1 X2 AND To put the block in the front of ladder diagram can omit command ORB when single equipment and block are connected in parallel. T0 Command LD T0 X1 X2 LD X1 X1 X2 AND ORB Command X2 T0 LD AND X1 X2 OR T0 In figure a of ladder diagram, it does not illegal due to the reverse power flow. In figure a, the upper block is shorter than lower block, you could make it legal by switching them. command LD X1 X3 X2 X4 OR AND LD X1 X2 X3 Fig. a AND ORB X4 X3 X4 command LD X3 X1 X2 AND LD OR X4 X1 Fig. b AND ORB X2 DVP-PLC Application Manual 1-15

18 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram You can omit commands MPS, MPP when the multiple outputs in the same horizontal line don t need to operate with other input device. Y1 Y0 command MPS AND OUT MPP OUT Y1 Y0 Y0 Y1 command OUT AND OUT Y0 Y1 Correct the circuit of reverse flow power In the following examples, the figure at the left is the ladder diagram that is draw by our definition but there is reverse flow power in it. Therefore, we correct it and show it at the right side. 1: X1 X2 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X3 X6 X4 X7 X5 X10 LOOP1 X10 X6 X7 X5 reverse flow power X10 LOOP1 2: X1 X2 X3 X6 X4 X7 X5 X10 LOOP1 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 reverse flow power reverse flow power X3 X7 X10 X6 X1 X2 LOOP1 X3 X4 X5 X1 X4 X7 X10 X6 X7 X10 LOOP2 1.7 The for Designing Basic 1-16 DVP-PLC Application Manual

19 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram Start, Stop and Latching In the same occasions, it needs transient close button and transient open button to be start and stop switch. Therefore, if you want to keep the action, you should design latching circuit. There are several latching circuits in the following: 1: the latching circuit for priority of stop When start normally open contact X1=On, stop normally contact X2=Off, and Y1=On are set at the same time, if X2=On, the coil Y1 will stop acting. Therefore, it calls priority of Y1 X1 X2 Y1 stop. 2: the latching circuit for priority of start When start normally open contact X1=On, stop normally contact X2 = Off and Y1=On (coil Y1 will be active and latching) are valid at the same time, if X2=On, coil Y1 will be X1 Y1 X2 Y1 active due to latched contact. Therefore, it calls priority of start. 3: the latching circuit of SET and RST commands The figure at the right side is latching circuit that made up of RST and SET command. It is top priority of stop when RST command is set behind SET command. When executing PLC from up to down, The Top priority of stop X1 X2 SET RST Y1 Y1 coil Y1 is ON and coil Y1 will be OFF when X1 and X2 act at the same time, therefore it calls priority of stop. It is top priority of start when SET command is set after RST command. When X1 and X2 act at the same time, Y1 is ON so it calls top priority of start. Top priority of start X2 X1 RST SET Y1 Y1 4: latched Auxiliary relay M512 is latched at the right side. (refer to PLC user manual) the circuit at the right side will be latched when power is on and it will be also latched once the power loss and power on again. Therefore the latched is continuous. X1 X2 M512 SET RST Y1 M512 M512 The common control circuit DVP-PLC Application Manual 1-17

20 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram 5: condition control X1 Y1 X3 Y1 X1 X3 X2 X2 Y2 X4 Y1 Y2 X4 Y1 Y2 X1 and X3 can start/stop Y1 separately, X2 and X4 can start/stop Y2 separately and they are all self latched circuit. Y1 is an element for Y2 to do AND function due to the normally open contact connects to Y2 in series. Therefore, Y1 is the input of Y2 and Y2 is also the input of Y1. 6: Interlock control X1 Y1 X3 Y2 Y1 X1 X3 X2 X4 X2 Y2 X4 Y1 Y2 Y1 Y2 The figure above is the circuit of interlock control. Y1 and Y2 will act according to the start contact X1 and X2. Y1 and Y2 will act not at the same time, once one of them acts and the other won t act. (This is called interlock.) Even if X1 and X2 are valid at the same time, Y1 and Y2 won t act at the same time due to up-to-down scan of ladder diagram. For this ladder diagram, Y1 has higher priority than Y2. 7: Sequential Control X1 Y1 X3 Y2 Y1 If add normally close contact Y2 into Y1 circuit to be an input for Y1 to do AND function. (as shown in the left side) Y1 is an input of Y2 and Y2 can stop Y1 after X2 X4 Y1 Y2 acting. In this way, Y1 and Y2 can execute in sequential. Y2 8: Oscillating Circuit The period of oscillating circuit is ΔT+ΔT 1-18 DVP-PLC Application Manual

21 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram Y1 Y1 Y1 T T The figure above is a very simple ladder step diagram. When starting to scan Y1 normally close contact, Y1 normally close contact is close due to the coil Y1 is OFF. Then it will scan Y1 and the coil Y1 will be ON and output 1. In the next scan period to scan normally close contact Y1, Y1 normally close contact will be open due to Y1 is ON. Finally, coil Y1 will be OFF and output 0. Scan repeatedly, the period of oscillating circuit is nt+δt. Y1 TMR T0 Kn T0 Y1 Y1 nt T The figure above uses timer T0 to control coil Y1 to be ON. After Y1 is ON, timer T0 will be closed at the next scan period and output Y1. The oscillating circuit will be shown as above. (n is the setting of timer and it is decimal number. T is the base of timer. (clock period)) 9: Blinking Circuit T1 T2 T1 TMR TMR Y1 T1 T2 Kn1 Kn2 Y1 n1 T n2 T The figure above is common used oscillating circuit for indication light blinks or buzzer alarms. It uses two timers to control On/OFF time of Y1 coil. If figure, n1 and n2 are timer setting of T1 and T2. T is the base of timer (clock period) 10: Triggered Circuit M0 M0 M0 Y1 Y1 Y1 M0 Y1 T DVP-PLC Application Manual 1-19

22 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram In figure above, the rising-edge differential command of will make coil M0 to have a single pulse of ΔT (a scan time). Y1 will be ON during this scan time. In the next scan time, coil M0 will be OFF and normally close M0 and normally close Y1 are all closed. However, coil Y1 will keep on being ON and it will make coil Y1 to be OFF once a rising-edge comes after input and coil M0 is ON for a scan time. The timing chart is as shown above. This circuit usually executes alternate two actions with an input. From above timing: when input is a square wave of a period T, output coil Y1 is square wave of a period 2T. 11: Delay Circuit TMR T10 K1000 T10 Y1 Y1 TB = 0.1 sec 100 seconds When input is ON, output coil Y1 will be ON at the same time due to the corresponding normally close contact OFF makes timer T10 to be OFF. Output coil Y1 will be OFF after delay 100 seconds once input is OFF and T10 is ON. Please refer to timing chart above. 12: Output delay circuit, in the following example, the circuit is made up of two timers. No matter input is ON or OFF, output Y4 will be delay. T5 T6 TMR Y4 T5 K50 T5 5 seconds Y4 Y4 TMR T6 K30 Y0 T6 3 seconds 13: Extend Timer Circuit T11 TMR TMR T11 T12 Kn1 Kn2 In this circuit, the total delay time from input is close and output Y1 is ON= (n1+n2)* T. where T is clock period. T12 Y1 14: The method of enlarge counter range 1-20 DVP-PLC Application Manual

23 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram X13 C5 CNT CNT C5 C6 Kn1 Kn2 The range of 16-bit counter is 0~32,767. If using two counters as figure in left side, the counter range can be enlarge to n1*n2. When counter C5 attains n1, X14 C6 RST RST Y1 C5 C6 counter C6 will counts one time and reset itself. Then counter C6 will count the pulse of X13. When counter C6 attains n2, the pulse of X13 will be n1*n2. 15: Traffic light control (by using step ladder command) Horizontal Light Vertical Light Traffic light control Red light Vertical light Horizontal light Yellow light Green light Green blink light Y0 Y1 Y2 Y2 Y10 Y11 Y12 Y12 Light Time 35 Sec 5 Sec 25 Sec 5 Sec Timing chart: Vertical Light Red Y0 Yellow Y1 Green Y2 Horizontal Light Red Y10 25 Sec 5 Sec 5 Sec Yellow Y11 Green Y12 25 Sec 5 Sec 5 Sec DVP-PLC Application Manual 1-21

24 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram SFC Figure: M1002 S0 Ladder Diagram: M1002 ZRST S0 S127 S20 T0 S21 T1 Y0 TMR T0 K350 Y2 TMR T1 K250 S30 T10 S31 T11 Y12 TMR T10 K250 TMR T11 K50 M1013 Y12 S0 S S20 S SET SET SET Y0 S0 S20 S30 S22 T2 S23 TMR T2 K50 M1013 Y2 Y1 S32 T12 S33 Y11 TMR T12 K50 Y10 TMR T13 K350 S21 S T0 TMR SET Y2 T0 S21 K350 T13 S0 TMR T1 T1 SET S22 S22 S TMR T2 M1013 Y2 T2 SET S23 S23 S S30 S Y1 Y12 K250 K50 TMR T10 T10 SET S31 S31 S TMR T11 S32 S M1013 T11 Y12 SET Y11 S32 K250 K50 S33 S T12 TMR SET Y10 T12 S33 K50 S23 S S33 S T13 TMR T13 K350 S0 RET END 1-22 DVP-PLC Application Manual

25 1 Working Principles of PLC Ladder Diagram Drawing by SFC Editor (WPLSoft ) Drawing by SFC Internal Ladder Diagram View LAD-0 M1002 ZRST S0 S127 LAD-0 SET S0 S0 Transferred condition 1 0 T0 TRANS* S20 S30 1 S21 5 S31 S22 2 S22 6 S32 M1013 TMR Y2 T2 K S23 S33 Transferred condition 4 T13 TRANS* 4 S0 Transferred condition 7 T12 TRANS* DVP-PLC Application Manual 1-23

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27 2 DVP-PLC Function 2.1 Summary of DVP-PLC Device Number ES, EX, SS Models: Type Device Item Usage Range Function ~X177, 128 points, octal Correspond to X External input relay Total is number system external input point 256 Y0~Y177, 128 points, octal Correspond to Y External output relay points number system external output point For general M0~M511, M768~M999, 744 points Total is Contacts can switch to M Auxiliary For latched * M512~M767, 256 points 1280 On/Off in program points (some is latched) Relay bit mode Register WORD data Pointer Constant T C S Timer Counter Step point For special 100ms timer 10ms counter 1ms timer 16-bit count up for general 16-bit count up for latched * 32-bit count 1-phase input up/down high-speed 1-phase 2 inputs counter for 2-phase 2 inputs latched* Initial step point latched * Zero point return latched * latched * M1000~M1279, 280 points (some are latched) T0~T63, 64 points T64~T126, 63 points (when M1028=On, it is 10ms, M1028=Off, it is 100ms) T127, 1 points C0~C111, 112 points C112~C127, 16 points C235~C238, C241, C242, C244, 7 points C246, C247, C249, 3 points C251, C252, C254, 3 points S0~S9, 10 points S10~S19, 10 points (use with IST command) S20~S127, 108 points T Present value of timer T0~T127, 128 points C D Present value of counter Data register For general For latched * For special For index indication Total is 128 points Total is 128 points Total is 13 points Total is 128 points C0~C127, 16-bit counter, 128 C235~C254, 32-bit counter, 13 points D0~D407, 408 points D408~D599, 192 points D1000~D1311, 312 points (for V4.9 and above) D1000~D1143, 144 points (for V4.8 and below) E(=D1028), F(=D1029), 2 points N For master control nested loop N0~N7, 8 points P For CJ, CALL commands P0~P63, 64 points I K H Time interrupt Interrupt External interrupt Communication interrupt Decimal Hexadecimal * latched area is fixed, it can t be changed. Total is 600 points Total is 312 points (144 points) When the timer indicated by TMR command attains the setting, the T contact with the same number will be ON. When the counter indicated by CNT (DCNT) command attains the setting, the C contact with the same number will be ON. Usage device of step ladder diagram (SFC) When timer attains, the contact of timer will be ON. When timer attains, the contact of timer will be ON. It can be memory area for storing data. E and F can be used as the special purpose of index indication Control point of master control nested loop Location pointer of CJ, CALL I6, 1 point ( =10~99ms) (for Version 5.7) I001, I101, I201, I301, 4 points I150 K-32,768 ~ K32,767 (16-bit operation) K-2,147,483,648 ~ K2,147,483,647 (32-bit operation) H0000 ~ HFFFF (16-bit operation) H ~ HFFFFFFFF (32-bit operation) Location pointer of interrupt subroutine DVP-PLC Application Manual 2-1

28 2 DVP-PLC Function EP/SA models: Type Device Item Range Function Relay bit mode X Y M T C S External input relay External output relay Auxiliary Relay Timer Counter Step point ~X177, 128 points, octal number system Y0~Y177, 128 points, octal number system For general M0~M511, 512 points (*1) For latched * For special 100ms 10ms 1ms 16-bit count up 32-bit count up/down 32-bit high-speed counter M512~M999, 488 points (*3) M2000~M4095, 2096 points (*3) M1000~M1999, 1000 points (some are latched) T0~T199, 200 points (*1) T192~T199 for subroutine T250~T255, 6 points (accumulative type) (*4) T200~T239, 40 points (*1) T240~T245, 6 points (accumulative type) (*4) T246~T249, 4 points (accumulative type) (*4) C0~C95, 96 points (*1) C96~C199, 104 points (*3) C200~C215, 16 points (*1) C216~C234, 19 points (*3) C235~C244, 1-phase 1 input, 9 points (*3) C246, C247, C249, 1-phase 2 inputs, 3 points (*3) C251, C252, C254, 2-phase 2 inputs, 3 points (*3) Initial step point S0~S9, 10 points (*1) For alarm S896~S1023, 128 points (*3) Total is 256 points Total is 4096 points Total is 256 points Total is 250 points Correspond to external input point Correspond to external output point Contacts can be switched during ON/OFF in the program (some is latched) When the timer that TMR command indicates attains the setting, the T contact with the same number will be On. When the timer that CNT(DCNT) command indicates attains, the contact C with the same number will be On. S10~S19, 10 points (use with IST Zero point return Total command) (*1) is Usage device of step For general S20~S512, 492 points (*1) 1024 ladder diagram points For latched * S512~S895, 384 points (*3) 2-2 DVP-PLC Application Manual

29 2 DVP-PLC Function Type Device Item Range Function Register WORD data Pointer Constant T Present value of timer T0~T255, 256 points C D Present value of counter Data register C0~C199, 16-bit counter, 200 points C200~C254, 16-bit counter, 50 points For general D0~D199, 200 points (*1) For latched* For special D200~D999, 800 points (*3) D2000~D4999, 3000 points (*3) D1000~D1999, 1000 points For index indication E0~E3, F0~F3, 8 points (*1) None File register * K0~K1599 (1600 points) (*4) N Master control nested N0~N7, 8 points P For CJ, CALL commands P0~P255, 256 points I K H For interrupt External interrupt Time interrupt High-speed counter reaches interrupt Communication interrupt Decimal number system Hexadecimal number system Total is 5000 points I001, I101, I201, I301, I401, I501, total is 6 points I6, I7, 2 points ( =1~99ms, time base=0.1ms) I010, I020, I030, I040, I050, I060, 6 points I150 When timer attains, the contact will be On. When timer attains, the contact will be On. It is the memory area for storing data. E and F can be used as special purpose of index indication It is expansion register for storing data K-32,768 ~ K32,767 (16-bit operation) K-2,147,483,648 ~ K2,147,483,647 (32-bit operation) H0000 ~ HFFFF (16-bit operation) H ~ HFFFFFFFF (32-bit operation) The control point of master control nested The location point of CJ, CALL The location point of interrupt subroutine. *1: non-latched area is fixed, it can t be changed. *2: non-latched area can be changed to latched area by parameter setting. *3: latched area can be changed to non-latched area by parameter setting. *4: latched area is fixed, it can t be modified. (the area marked with can t be changed) DVP-PLC Application Manual 2-3

30 2 DVP-PLC Function Latched setting for each EP/SA model: M Auxiliary relay For general For latched Special auxiliary relay Latched M0~M511 M512~M999 M1000~M1999 M2000~M4095 It is fixed to be non-latched Factory setting is latched Start: D1200(K512) End: D1201(K999) Some are latched and can t be changed Factory setting is latched Start: D1202(K2000) End: D1203(K4095) 100 ms 10 ms 10ms 1 ms 100 ms T Timer C Counter S Step relay D Register Data Register T0 ~T199 T200~T239 T240~T245 T246~T249 T250~T255 It is fixed to be non-latched It is fixed to be non-latched Accumulative type It is fixed to be latched 16 bits count up 32 bits count up/down 32 bits count up/down high speed counter C0~C95 C96~C199 C200~C215 C216~C234 C235~C255 It is fixed to be It is fixed to be Factory setting is latched It is fixed to be non-latched latched Start: D1208 (K96) End: D1209 (K199) It is fixed to be non-latched latched Start: D1210 (K216) End: D1211 (K234) Start: D1212(K235) End: D1213(K255) For Special Latched general register Latched For general S0~S9 S10~S19 S20~S511 S512~S895 S896~S1023 Factory setting is latched It is fixed to be non-latched Start: D1214(K512) It is fixed to be latched End: D1215(K895) For general Latched Special register Latched D0~D199 D200~D999 D1000~D1999 D2000~D9999 Factory setting is Factory setting is latched It is fixed to be latched Some are latched and non-latched can t be changed Start: D1216 (K200) End: D1217 (K999) K0~K1599 It is fixed to be latched Start: D1218 (K2000) End: D1219 (K4999) EH model: Type Device Item Range Function Relay bit mode 2-4 X External input relay ~X377, 256 points, octal number system Y External output relay Y0~Y377, 256 points, octal number system M T Auxiliary relay Timer For general M0~M499, 500 points (*2) For latched M500~M999, 500 points (*3) M2000~M4095, 2096 points (*3) For special M1000~M1999, 1000 points (some are latched) T0~T199, 200 points (*2) 100ms T192~T199 is for subroutine T250~T255, 6-point Accumulative type (*4) 10ms T200~T239, 40 points (*2) T240~T245, 6-point Accumulative type (*4) 1ms T246~T249, 4-point Accumulative type (*4) Total is 512 points Total is 4096 points Total is 256 points Corresponds to external input point Corresponds to external output point Contacts can be switched between On/Off in the program (some is latched) When the timer that set by TMR command attains, the T contact with the same number will be On. DVP-PLC Application Manual

31 2 DVP-PLC Function Type Device Item Range Function Register WORD data Pointer Constant C S Counter Step points C0~C99, 100 points (*2) 16-bit count up C100~C199, 100 points (*3) 32-bit count up/down C200~C219, 20 points (*2) C220~C234, 15 points (*3) C235~C244, 1-phase 1 input, 10 points (*3) High-speed C246~C249, 1-phase 2 inputs, 4 points(*3) counter C251~C254, 2-phases 2 inputs, 4 points (*3) Initial step point S0~S9, 10 points (*2) For zero point S10~S19, 10 points (use with IST command) return (*2) For general S20~S499, 480 points (*2) For latched S500~S899, 400 points (*3) For alarm S900~S1023, 124 points (*3) T Present value of timer T0~T255, 256 points C D Present value of counter Data register C0~C199, 16-bit counter, 200 points C200~C254, 132-bit counter, 53 points For general D0~D199, 200 points, (*2) For latched D200~D999, 800 points (*3) D2000~D9999, 8000 points (*3) For special D1000~D1999, 1000 points For index E0~E7, F0~F7, 16 points (*1) None File register K0~K9999(10000 points) (*4) N Master control nested N0~N7, 8 points P I K H For CJ, CALL commands P0~P255, 256 points Interrupt External interrupt Time interrupt High-speed counter attained interrupt Pulse interrupt Communication interrrupt Decimal system Hexadecimal system Total is 253 points Total is 1024 points Total is points I00 (), I10 (X1), I20 (X2), I30 (X3), I40 (X4), I50 (X5), 6 points ( =1, rising-edge trigger, =0, falling-edge trigger ) I6, I7, I8, 3 points( =1~99ms) time base=1ms I8, 1 point ( =1~99, time base=0.1ms) I010, I020, I030, I040, I050, I060, 6 points I110, I120, I130, I140, 4 points I150 K-32,768 ~ K32,767 (16-bit operation) K-2,147,483,648 ~ K2,147,483,647 (32-bit operation) H0000 ~ HFFFF (16-bit operation) H ~ HFFFFFFFF (32-bit operation) When the timer that set by CNT(DCNT) command attains, the contact C will be On. Usage device of step ladder diagram (SFC) When timer attains, the contact of timer will be On. When timer attains, the contact of timer will be On. It is the memory area for storing data. E and F can be used as special purpose of index indication Expansion register for storing data Master control nested control point The location pointer of CJ, CALL The location pointer of interrupt subroutine DVP-PLC Application Manual 2-5

32 2 DVP-PLC Function *1: the area of non-latched is fixed, it can t be changed. *2: the area of non-latched, it can be changed to latched area by parameter setting. *3: latched area can be changed to non-latched area by parameter setting. *4: latched area is fixed, it can t be modified. (the area marked with can t be changed) Latched setting for each EH model: M Auxiliary relay T Timer C Counter S Step relay For general For latched Special auxiliary relay Latched M0~M499 M500~M999 M1000~M1999 M2000~M4095 Start: D1200(K500) End: D1201(K999) Some are latched and they can t be changed. Start: D1202(K2000) End: D1203(K4095) 100 ms 10 ms 10ms 1 ms 100 ms T0 ~T199 T200~T239 T240~T245 T246~T249 T250~T255 Factory setting is non-latched Factory setting is non-latched Start: D1204 (HFFFF)*1 End: D1205 (HFFFF)*1 Start: D1206 (HFFFF)*1 End: D1207 (HFFFF)*1 Accumulative type Fixed latched 16-bit count up 32-bit count up/down 32-bit high-speed count up/down C0~C99 C100~C199 C200~C219 C220~C234 C235~C245 C246~C255 Non-latched Non-latched Latched Latched (default) (default) (default) (default) Latched (default) Start: D1208 (K100) Start: D1210 (K220) Start: D1212 (K235) End: D1209 (K199) End: D1211 (K234) End: D1213 (K255) Initial Zero point return For general Latched Step point for alarm S0~S9 S10~S19 S20~S499 S500~S899 S900~S1023 Non-latched (default) Latched (default) Start: D1214 (K500) End: D1215 (K899) Always is latched For general Latched Special register Latched D Register D0~D199 D200~D999 D1000~D1999 D2000~D9999 Non-latched (default) Latched (default) Latched (default) Some is latched, it can t be changed Start: D1216 (K200) End: D1217 (K999) Start: D1218 (K2000) End: D1219 (K9999) * 1: HFFFF means factory setting is non-latched. When switching between power On/Off or MPU RUN/STOP mode, the memory type of version 5.5 and higher of ES, ES/EX/SS series will be as following: Memory type Non-latched Power Off=>On Clear STOP=>RUN RUN=>STOP When M1033=Off, clear When M1033=On, unchanged Clear all M1031 Non-latched area Clear all M1032 latched area Factory setting Clear Unchanged 0 Latched Unchanged Unchanged Clear Unchanged Special M, Special D, index register Initial Unchanged Unchanged Initial setting 2-6 DVP-PLC Application Manual