The heart, blood vessels, and blood together make up the Circulatory System.
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2 What is the circulatory system? Circulatory System = carries blood and dissolved substances to and from various places in the body. Heart = pumps blood with various substances in it around the body in tubes called vessels Vessels = tubes carrying blood throughout body; 3 types: arteries, capillaries, veins. Blood = liquid carrying gases, nutrients, blood cells, and chemicals to and from various places in the body. The heart, blood vessels, and blood together make up the Circulatory System.
3 Our circulatory system is a double circulatory system. This means it has two parts. Lungs the right side of the system deals with deoxygenated blood. Body cells the left side of the system deals with oxygenated blood.
4 The Heart This is a vein. It brings blood from the body, except the lungs. These are arteries. They carry blood away from the heart. 2 atria (singular = atrium) 2 ventricles Coronary arteries, the hearts own blood supply The heart has four chambers Now lets look inside the heart
5 The Heart Artery to Lungs Artery to Head and Body Vein from Head and Body Vein from Lungs Right Atrium valve valve Left Atrium Right Ventricle Left Ventricle
6 How does the Heart work? STEP ONE blood from the body blood from the lungs The heart beat begins when the heart muscles relax and blood flows into the atria.
7 How does the Heart work? STEP TWO The atria then contract and the valves open to allow blood into the ventricles.
8 How does the Heart work? STEP THREE The valves close to stop blood flowing backwards. The ventricles contract forcing the blood to leave the heart. At the same time, the atria are relaxing and once again filling with blood. The cycle then repeats itself.
9 Blood from the heart gets around the body through blood vessels There are 3 types of blood vessels : a. ARTERY b. VEIN c. CAPILLARY
10 The ARTERY Arteries carry blood away from the heart. the elastic fibres allow the artery to stretch under pressure thick muscle and elastic fibres the thick muscle can contract to push the blood along.
11 The VEIN Veins carry blood towards from the heart. veins have valves which act to stop the blood from going in the wrong direction. thin muscle and elastic fibres body muscles surround the veins so that when they contract to move the body, they also squeeze the veins and push the blood along the vessel.
12 The CAPILLARY Capillaries link Arteries with Veins they exchange materials between the blood and other body cells. the wall of a capillary is only one cell thick The exchange of materials between the blood and the body can only occur through capillaries.
13 The CAPILLARY A collection of capillaries is known as a capillary bed. artery vein body cell capillaries
14 red blood cells what s in digested food white blood cells oxygen waste (urea) carbon dioxide platelets plasma hormones
15 The Blood red blood cell white blood cell platelets plasma
16 Red Blood Cells a biconcave disc that is round and flat without a nucleus contain hemoglobin, a molecule specially designed to hold oxygen and carry it to cells that need it. can change shape to an amazing extent, without breaking, as it squeezes single file through the capillaries.
17 White Blood Cells There are many different types and all contain a big nucleus. The two main ones are the lymphocytes and the macrophages. Macrophages eat and digest microorganisms. Some lymphocytes fight disease by making antibodies to destroy invaders by dissolving them. Other lymphocytes make antitoxins to break down poisons.
18 Platelets Platelets are bits of cell broken off larger cells. Platelets produce tiny fibrinogen fibers to form a net. This net traps other blood cells to form a blood clot.
19 Plasma It also contains useful things like: carbon dioxide A straw-color liquid that carries the cells and the platelets which help to clot blood. glucose amino acids proteins minerals vitamins hormones waste materials
20 Complete the following: SUMMARY Arteries take blood from the heart. The walls of an artery are made up of thick walls and elastic fibers. Veins carry blood the heart and also have valves. The link arteries and veins, and have a one cell thick wall. Blood is made up of four main things:, the liquid part of the blood; red blood cells to carry ; white blood cells to protect the body from disease; and to help clot blood.
21 SUMMARY Arteries take blood away from the heart. The walls of an artery are made up of thick muscular walls and elastic fibers. Veins carry blood toward the heart and also have valves. The capillaries link arteries and veins, and have a one cell thick wall. Blood is made up of four plasma main things:, the liquid part of the blood; red blood cells to carry oxygen ; white blood cells to protect the body from disease; and platelets to help clot blood.
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