API Engine Oil Service Classifications
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1 API Engine Oil Service Classifications Gasoline Engine Oils Category Status Service SL For all automotive engines presently in use. Introduced July SL oils are designed to provide better high-temperature deposit control and lower oil consumption. Some of these oils may also meet the latest ILSAC specification and/or qualify as Energy Conserving. SJ For 2001 and older automotive engines SH Obsolete For 1996 and older engines. Valid when preceded by current C categories SG Obsolete For 1993 and older engines. SF Obsolete For 1988 and older engines. SE Obsolete For 1979 and older engines. SD Obsolete For 1971 and older engines. SC Obsolete For 1967 and older engines. SB Obsolete For older engines. Use only when specifically recommended by the manufacturer. SA Obsolete For older engines; no performance requirement. Use only when specifically recommended by the manufacturer. Note : API Intentionally omitted SI and SK from the sequence of categories. 56 Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils
2 API Engine Oil Service Classifications Diesel Engine Oils Category Status Service CI-4 CH-4 Introduced September For high-speed, four-stroke engines designed to meet 2004 exhaust emission standards implemented in CI-4 oils are formulated to sustain engine durability where exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is used and are intended for use with diesel fuels ranging in sulfur content up to 0.5% weight. Can be used in place of CD, CE, CF4, CG-4 and CH-4 oils. Introduced in For high-speed, four-stroke engines designed to meet 1998 exhoust emission standards. CH- 4 oils are specifically compounded for use with diesel fuels ranging in sulfur content up to 0.5% weight. Can be used in place of CD, CE, CF-4 and CG-4 oils. CG-4 CF-4 CF-2 CF CE Obsolete Introduced in For severe duty high-speed, fourstroke engines using fuel with less than 0.5% weight sulfur. CG-4 oils are required for engines meeting 1994 emission standards. Can be used in place of CD, CE and CF-4 oils. Introduced in For high-speed, four-stroke, naturally aspirated and turbo-charged engines. Can be used in place of CD, CE oils. Introduced in For severe duty two-stroke-cycle engines. Can be used in place of CD-II oils. Introduced in For off-road indirect-injeced and other diesel engines including those using fuel with over 0.5% weight sulfur. Can be used in place of CD oils. Introduced in For high-speed, four-stroke, naturally aspirated and turbo-charged engines. Can be used in place of CC, CD oils. CD-II Obsolete Introduced in For two-stroke-cycle engines. CD Obsolete Introduced in For certain naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines. CC Obsolete For engines introduced in CB Obsolete For moderate duty engines from 1949 to CA Obsolete For light duty engines (1940 s and 1950 s) Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils 57
3 Automotive Lubricants Viscosity Grades Engine Oils SAE J 300, June J ( dec.1999) SAE Viscosity Classes Low temperature (ºC) Cranking viscosity (ASTM D 5293) (mpa.s) Max. Low temperature (ºC) Pumping viscosity (ASTM D 4684) (mpa.s) With no yield stress Max. Low shear rate Kinematic viscosity (ASTM D 445) (cst) at 100 ºC Min. Max. High shear rate viscosity (ASTM D 4683,CEC L-36-A-90 (ASTM D 4741 ) D 5481 (mpa.s) at 150 ºC and 10 6 s -1 min. 0W 6200 at at W 6600 at at W 7000 at at W 7000 at at W 9500 at at W at at < < < < < (0W- 40,5W-40, 10W-40) 3.7 (15W- 40,20W- 40, 25W- 40,40) < Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils
4 Automotive Lubricants Viscosity Grades Gear Oils Except SAE J Automotive Gear Lubricant Viscosity Classification SAE Viscosity Grade 70W Max. Temperature Viscosity of cp (ºC) Using ASTM D 2983 Additional Low temperature viscosity requirements may be appropriate for fluids intended for use in lightduty synchronized manual transmission -55 the precision of ASTM D2983 has not been established for determinations made at temperature below 40C. This fact should be take into consideration in any producer-consumer relationship. Kinematic viscosity at 100 ºC (cst) Using ASTM D 445 Min. Limit must also be met after testing in CEC L-45-T-93. Method C(20 hours) Max W W W < < < < Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils 59
5 ISO Viscosity Grads Viscosity System for Industrial Lubricants ISO Grade Mid-Point Viscosity 40 ºC Viscosity, 40 ºC Minimum Maximum Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils
6 Approximate Comparison of different Viscosity Scales The following table is for the conversion of viscosities in one system to those in another system at the same temperature Kinematic Viscosity cst Engler Degrees Redwood No.1 seconds Saybolt Universal seconds Kinematic viscosity cst Engler Degrees Redwood No.1 seconds Saybolt Universal seconds ** ** * * * * * * * * * For higher viscosities the following factors should be used. Kinematic = Redwood Saybolt = Engler Engler = Kinematic Engler = Redwood Redwood = 4.05 Kinematic Saybolt = 1.14 Redwood Saybolt = 4.62 Kinematic Kinematic = Saybolt Kinematic = 7.58 Engler Engler = Saybolt Redwood = 30.7 Engler Redwood = Saybolt Note : The first part of the table mark with on * should only be used for the conversion of Kinematic viscosities into Engler, Redwood or Saybolt viscosities, or for Engler, Redwood and Saybolt between themselves.they should not be used for conversion of Engler, Redwood or Saybolt into Kinematic viscosities. Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils 61
7 Basic SI Units Quantity Name of unit Unit symbol Length meter m Mass kilogram Kg Time second s Electric current ampere A Thermodynamic temperature* Kelvin K Luminous intensity candela cd Amount of substance mole mol Plane angle radian rad Solid angle Steradian sr *Use is also made of Celsius temperature, ºC Temperature ºC = K Same derived SI units Physical quantity SI unit Unit force The SI System of Units Newton symbol N = kg m/s 2 Pressure, stress Pascal Pa = N/m 2 Work, energy Joule J = Nm power Watt W = J/s electric charge Coulomb C = A/s electric potential Volt V = J/C electric capacitance Farad F = C/V electric resistance Ohm Ω= V/A frequency Hertz Hz = S -1 electric conductance Siemens S = V -1 magnetic flux Weber Wb = Vs Some preferred SI terms derived from basic units Physical quantity SI unit Unit symbol area square meter m 2 volume cubic meter m 3 Density(mass density ) kilogram per cubic meter kg/m 3 velocity meter per second m/s angular velocity radian per second rad/s acceleration meter per second squared m/s 2 surface tension Newton per meter N/m dynamic viscosity Pascal second Pa.s kinematic viscosity meter squared per second* m 2 /S thermal conductivity Watt per meter Kelvin W/(mk)v * formally stokes ( 1 centistoke=1 mm 2 /s = 10-6 m 2 /s 62 Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils
8 Conversion Factors Exact values are printed in bold type unit symbol To convert to multiply by Length Miles Km(kilometer) Yards m (metre) Feet m(metre) inches cm(centimeter) Area Sq miles km Sq yards m Sq feet m Sq inches cm Volume Cubic yards m Cubic feet m Cubic inch cm Barrel litre Gallon (imperial) litre Gallon (US) litre Mass Ton (long) tonne Ton (short) tonne l lb(pound) kg (kilogram) oz (ounce) g (gram) Density lb/ft3 lb/us gallon kg/m 3 kg/m Force lbf(pound force) N (Newton ) Pressure atm kpa(kilopascals) bar kpa Ibf/inch 2 kpa inches of H2O(4 ºC) kpa inches of Hg(0 ºC) kpa mm of Hg (0 ºC) kpa lb/ft2 Pa Velocity ft/s (feet/second) m/s (metres/second) ft/minute m/s Miles/hour (mph) km/h Knot (International) km/h Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils 63
9 Conversion Factors (continued) Exact values are printed in bold type unit symbol To convert to multiply by Work, energy, heat erg J (Joule) (Nm) 10-7 ft lbf J hp h MJ (megajoules) k Wh MJ 3.6 therm MJ Btu kj kcal kj Power hp (horsepower) W (Watts) hp (metric) W erg/s W 10-7 ft. lbf/s W btu/h W kcal/h W Calorific value Btu/lb kj /kg (mass base) Btu/gallon kj/m 3 (volume base) cal/ml J/cm Heat flow rate kcal/h W Btu/h W Thermal conductivity Btu/ft.h. F W/mK Viscosity (dynamic) Centpoise (cp) Pa.s(Pascal second) Viscosity (kinematics) Centistokes (cst) m 2 /S Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils
10 API Gravities and Densities API Gravityº Density Kg/L API Gravityº Density Kg/L Note : All conversions are at 15.6ºC Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils 65
11 Temperature Conversation Chart ºC ºF ºC ºF ºC ºF ºC ºF Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils
12 Temperature Conversation Chart ºC ºF ºC ºF ºC ºF ºC ºF Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils 67
13 Temperature Conversation Chart ºC ºF ºC ºF ºC ºF ºC ºF Jopetrol / Jordan Lubricating Oils
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