Introduction... 1 Par t I: Living for Linguistics... 7

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1 Contents at a Glance Introduction... 1 Par t I: Living for Linguistics... 7 Chapter 1: Scrubbing In to Master Medical Terminology...9 Chapter 2: Medical Terminology: The How and Why...17 Chapter 3: Introducing the Big Three: Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes...25 Chapter 4: Acronyms, Eponyms, Homonyms, Multiples, and Plurals Oh My!...37 Chapter 5 Say What? Pronunciation and Usage...51 Par t II: Mapping Words and Bodies Chapter 6: s It Was in the Beginning: Prefixes...63 Chapter 7: So It Shall Be in the End: Suffixes...73 Chapter 8: Hey, I Know You: Word Recognition...81 Chapter 9: Deconstruction Junction: Breaking Down Words...91 Chapter 10: An Org Chart to Live By: Organization of the Body Chapter 11: All Systems Go: When Systems Combine Par t III: In Terms of Anatomy Chapter 12: Boning Up on the Skeletal System Chapter 13: Getting Ripped: The Muscular System Chapter 14: Skin Deep: Skin, Glands, Nails, and Hair Chapter 15: It Depends on Your Perception: The Sensory Systems Par t IV: Let s Get Some Physiology Terminology Chapter 16: The Heart of the Matter: The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems Chapter 17: Just Breathe: The Respiratory System Chapter 18: Feeding Time: The Gastrointestinal System Chapter 19: Gatekeepers of Health: The Endocrine System Chapter 20: Calming Down: The Nervous System COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL Par t V: Name That Plumbing Chapter 21: When You Gotta Go: The Urinary System Chapter 22: Checking the Plumbing: The Male Reproductive System Chapter 23: A Life Force: The Female Reproductive System...303

2 Par t VI: The Par t of Tens Chapter 24: Ten Essential Medical Terminology References Chapter 25: Ten or So Useful Mnemonic Devices Chapter 26: Ten Fun Word-Building Activities Appendix: Prefixes and Suffixes Index

3 Table of Contents Introduction... 1 About This Book...1 Conventions Used in This Book...2 Foolish Assumptions...3 How This Book Is Organized...3 Part I: Living for Linguistics...4 Part II: Mapping Words and Bodies...4 Part III: In Terms of Anatomy...5 Part IV: Let s Get Some Physiology Terminology...5 Part V: Name That Plumbing...5 Part VI: The Part of Tens...5 Where to Go from Here...6 Par t I: Living for Linguistics... 7 Chapter 1: Scrubbing In to Master Medical Terminology The Tale Behind the Terms...9 Making Terminology Work for You...10 Building a Foundation of Vocabulary...12 In Terms of Anatomy...12 All Systems Go...13 Down Under Details...15 The Ultimate Resource: You...16 Chapter 2: Medical Terminology: The How and Why Defining Medical Terminology...17 Using Medical Terminology in the Real World...18 In theory and practice...19 Writing it down...19 Changes in Medical Terminology...20 It s Greek and Latin to Me...21 Modernizing Medicine...22 Chapter 3: Introducing the Big Three: Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes Rooting Around for Answers...26 Exterior root words...26 Interior root words...28 Prefix as Precursor...33 Common Prefixes...34 Suffixes: Final Thoughts...35

4 x Medical Terminology For Dummies Chapter 4: Acronyms, Eponyms, Homonyms, Multiples, and Plurals Oh My! Acronyms...38 Eponyms...40 Homonyms...41 Deriving a Plural the Medical Way...42 Medical rules for forming plurals...42 English rules of forming plurals...45 Welcome to the Peanut Gallery: More Exceptions to the Plural Rules...46 Chapter 5: Say What? Pronunciation and Usage Hooked on Phonics...51 Pronouncing Common Prefixes and Beginning Sounds...52 The sound of silence...52 From your ear to the dictionary...53 Pronouncing Common Suffixes and Endings...54 Pronouncing Common Combinations...55 Putting It All Together...56 What Condition Your Condition Is In...57 Suffering Suffixes...58 Par t II: Mapping Words and Bodies Chapter 6: As It Was in the Beginning: Prefixes Common Prefixes...63 A E prefixes...64 F J prefixes...65 K O prefixes...65 P Z prefixes...66 Matching Prefixes to Situations...67 In your body...67 In the doctor s office and hospital...68 In the pharmacy and research lab...69 Retro Root Rewind A M...69 Chapter 7: So It Shall Be in the End: Suffixes Common Suffixes itis oma pathy...74 And lots more suffixes...74 Matching Suffixes to Situations...76 In your body...77 In the doctor s office and hospital...78 Retro Root Rewind N Z...78

5 Table of Contents xi Chapter 8: Hey, I Know You: Word Recognition The Inside Story: Terms for Your Interior...82 Terms for the Outside of Your Body...87 Chapter 9: Deconstruction Junction: Breaking Down Words Finding Parts of Words...91 Identifying word elements...92 Defining the prefix...92 Defining the root word...93 Identifying the combining vowel...94 Defining the suffix...94 Going Deeper into Suffixes...95 Adding Up Individual Word Meanings...97 Chapter 10: An Org Chart to Live By: Organization of the Body Looking at the Big Picture Cells Tissues Organs and Systems Cavities of the Body Directional Terms and Anatomical Planes Regions of the Body Chapter 11: All Systems Go: When Systems Combine Anatomical Systems Working Together The musculoskeletal system The integumentary system The sensory system Physiology Systems Working Together The cardiovascular and lymphatic systems The respiratory system The gastrointestinal system The endocrine system The nervous system The urinary and reproductive systems Par t III: In Terms of Anatomy Chapter 12: Boning Up on the Skeletal System How the Skeletal System Works Bones and osteology Axial skeleton Appendicular skeleton Joints Skeletal Root Words More Anatomical Terms...132

6 xii Medical Terminology For Dummies Common Skeletal Conditions Finding the Culprit: Skeletal Diseases and Pathology Testing, Testing: Skeletal Radiology and Diagnostic Tests Paging Dr. Terminology: Skeletal Surgeries and Procedures Chapter 13: Getting Ripped: The Muscular System How the Muscular System Works Classes of muscles Types of muscles Muscles and tendons Round-up of the superficial muscles Muscular Roots and Suffixes Action Item: The Movement of Your Muscles Common Muscular Conditions Finding the Culprit: Muscular Diseases and Pathology Testing, Testing: Muscular Radiology and Diagnostic tests Paging Dr. Terminology: Muscular Surgeries and Procedures It s All Related: More Muscular Terms Chapter 14: Skin Deep: Skin, Glands, Nails, and Hair Layers of Skin Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous layer Glands, Both Sebaceous and Sudoriferous Hair and Nails Integumentary Root Words Common Integumentary Conditions Finding the Culprit: Integumentary Diseases and Pathology Testing, Testing: Integumentary Radiology and Diagnostic tests Paging Dr. Terminology: Integumentary Surgeries and Procedures It s All Related: More Integumentary Terms Chapter 15: It Depends on Your Perception: The Sensory Systems The Eye Inner eye Outer eye The Ear Outer ear Middle ear Inner ear The Nose The Mouth The Touch Receptor Sensory Root Words It s All Related: More Anatomical Terms Common Sensory Conditions...181

7 Table of Contents xiii Finding the Culprit: Sensory Diseases and Pathology Testing, Testing: Sensory Radiology and Diagnostic tests Paging Dr. Terminology: Surgeries and Procedures Terminology RX: Sensory Pharmacology Par t IV: Let s Get Some Physiology Terminology Chapter 16: The Heart of the Matter: The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems How the Cardiovascular System Works The heart Blood vessels Blood How the Lymphatic System Works Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Root Words Common Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Conditions Finding the Culprit: Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Diseases and Pathology Testing, Testing: Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Radiology and Diagnostic Tests Paging Dr. Terminology: Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Surgeries and Procedures Terminology Rx: Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Pharmacology Chapter 17: Just Breathe: The Respiratory System How the Respiratory System Works Nose Pharynx and larynx Trachea Bronchi Lungs Respiratory Root Words It s All Related: More Anatomical Terms Common Respiratory Conditions Finding the Culprit: Respiratory Diseases and Pathology Testing, Testing: Respiratory Radiology and Diagnostic tests Paging Dr. Terminology: Respiratory Surgeries and Procedures Terminology RX: Respiratory Pharmacology Chapter 18: Feeding Time: The Gastrointestinal System How the Gastrointestinal System Works Mouth and pharynx Esophagus Stomach Liver Pancreas Gallbladder...231

8 xiv Medical Terminology For Dummies Intestines Gastrointestinal Root Words Common Gastrointestinal Conditions Finding the Culprit: Gastrointestinal Diseases and Pathology Testing, Testing: Gastrointestinal Radiology and Diagnostic Tests Paging Dr. Terminology: Gastrointestinal Surgeries and Procedures Terminology RX: Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Chapter 19: Gatekeepers of Health: The Endocrine System How the Endocrine System Works Hormones Pituitary and hypothalamus Thyroid Pancreas Adrenals Gonads Endocrine Root Words It s All Related: More Endocrine Anatomical Terms Common Endocrine Conditions Finding the Culprit: Endocrine Diseases and Pathology Testing, Testing: Endocrine Radiology and Diagnostic Tests Paging Dr. Terminology: Endocrine Surgeries and Procedures Terminology RX: Endocrine Pharmacology Chapter 20: Calming Down: The Nervous System How the Nervous System Works The Central Nervous System Brain Spinal cord Peripheral Nervous System Nervous Root Words It s All Related: More Nerve-Wracking Terms Common Nervous Conditions Finding the Culprit: Nervous Diseases and Pathology Testing, Testing: Nervous Radiology and Diagnostic Tests Paging Dr. Terminology: Nervous Surgeries and Procedures Terminology RX: Nervous Pharmacology Par t V: Name That Plumbing Chapter 21: When You Gotta Go: The Urinary System How the Urinary System Works Kidneys Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra Urinary Root Words...281

9 Table of Contents xv Common Urinary Conditions Finding the Culprit: Urinary Diseases and Pathology Testing, Testing: Urinary Radiology and Diagnostic Tests Paging Dr. Terminology: Urinary Surgeries and Procedures Terminology RX: Urinary Pharmacology Chapter 22: Checking the Plumbing: The Male Reproductive System How the Male Reproductive System Works Testes Ducts Urethra Prostate Penis Male Reproductive Root Words Common Male Reproductive Conditions Finding the Culprit: Male Reproductive Diseases and Pathology Testing, Testing: Male Reproductive Radiology and Diagnostic Tests Paging Dr. Terminology: Male Reproductive Surgeries and Procedures Terminology RX: Male Reproductive Pharmacology Chapter 23: A Life Force: The Female Reproductive System How the Female Reproductive System Works Ovaries Fallopian tubes Uterus Vagina Female Reproductive Root Words It s All Related: More Female Reproductive Anatomical Terms Common Female Reproductive Conditions Finding the Culprit: Female Reproductive Diseases and Pathology Testing, Testing: Female Reproductive Radiology and Diagnostic Tests Paging Dr. Terminology: Female Reproductive Surgeries and Procedures Terminology RX: Female Reproductive Pharmacology Par t VI: The Par t of Tens Chapter 24: Ten Essential Medical Terminology References Medterms.com Medilexicon.com Merriam-Webster s Medical Desk Dictionary webmd.com...324

10 xvi Medical Terminology For Dummies Dorland s Illustrated Medical Dictionary Mosby s Medical Dictionary Stedman s Medical Dictionary and Flashcards for Health Professionals and Nursing Illustrated, 5th Edition Taber s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary Medicalmnemonics.com Medical Terminology Systems Quick Study Guide Chapter 25: Ten or So Useful Mnemonic Devices Cranial Nerves Lung Lobe Numbers The Size of a Thyroid Scalp Layers Muscles of the Rotator Cuff Radial Nerve Face Nerves Perineal versus Peroneal Sperm Path through Male Reproductive Tract Carpal Bone Locations Cranial Bones Chapter 26: Ten Fun Word-Building Activities Word Grouping Using Medical Word Parts You Already Know to Build Words Matching the Word Part to the Definition Crosswords Flashcards Name That System Medical Hangman Word Search Combining Forms Jumble Appendix: Prefixes and Suffixes Prefixes Suffixes Index

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