National Database of Air Quality and Meteorological Information. Gregor Feig South African Weather Service

Transcription

1 National Database of Air Quality and Meteorological Information Gregor Feig South African Weather Service

2 Air Quality at the South African Weather Service 1. South African Air Quality Information System (SAAQIS) 2. Air Quality Monitoring Air Quality Priority Areas GAW Cape Point 3. Hosting of the National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory System 4. Air Quality Modelling and Forecasting

3 South African Air Quality Information System

4 South African Air Quality Information System Clearing house for air quality information in South Africa ( Air Quality Documents Legislation Publications News Reporting air quality incidents Contacts for relevant officials Links to other air quality related systems Atmospheric emissions inventory Priority areas Climate Change

5 South African Air Quality Information System Database of ambient air quality monitoring data 17 air pollution monitoring networks 14 government owned 3 industry owned 101 monitoring stations Data back to 2004 Temporal resolution 5 or 10 minutes Parameters PM, SO 2, NO x, CO, O 3, BTEX, Meteorology Cape Point GAW station Dust Fallout Network (78 stations)

6 Monitoring Networks Reporting to SAAQIS Templ ref: PPT-ISO-colour.001 Doc Ref no:

7 Monitoring Networks Templ ref: PPT-ISO-colour.001 Doc Ref no:

8 Air Quality Monitoring at SAWS

9 Location of Monitoring Stations Vaal and Highveld

10 Pollutant Sources Vaal and Highveld Site Diepkloof Sharpeville Sebokeng Three Rivers Zamdela Kliprivier Witbank Middelburg Hendrina Ermelo Secunda Major Sources of Atmospheric Pollution Traffic, Mine Tailings, Industry, Domestic combustion Domestic Combustion, Industry Domestic Combustion, Industry Power Generation, Industry Industry (Coal to liquids), Domestic combustion Traffic, Domestic combustion Industry, Power Generation, Domestic combustion Industry, Power Generation Regional Background, Domestic combustion Domestic combustion, Power Generation Industry (Coal to liquids), Domestic combustion

11 Instrumentation Vaal and Highveld PM 10 PM 2.5 SO 2 O 3 NO x CO BTEX BC Diepkloof Sharpeville Sebokeng Three Rivers Zamdela Kliprivier Witbank Middelburg Hendrina Ermelo Secunda

12 Annual Average PM2.5 Concentration Vaal Triangle Priority Area Highveld Priority Area

13 Exceedance of the National Standards Vaal 2012 Number of allowed exceedances allowed PM 10 (24 hour PM 2.5 (24 hour) SO 2 (10 Min) SO 2 (1 hour) SO 2 (24 Hour) NO 2 (1 hour) Ozone (8 hour Running) CO (1 hour) Zamdela CO (8 hour Running) Three Rivers Sharpeville Sebokeng Kliprivier Diepkloof

14 GAW Station Cape Point

15 GAW Station Cape Point

16 Trace gases and other parameters measured at CPT CO 2, CO, CH 4, N 2 O, SO 2 and surface O 3 Halocarbons: CFCl 3, CCl 4, CH 3 CCl 3, CCl 2 F-CClF 2 and CCl 2 F 2 Aerosols: optical properties, carbon and ion species, CPC AOD (PFR) since Rn (ANSTO method) Total Gaseous Mercury (TGM) Solar radiation: UVA, UVB, Global (total and diffuse) Wet precipitation chemistry Passive sampling for NO 2, NH 3, SO 2 and O 3 Met parameters: wind, pressure, temperature, humidity, rainfall

17 Achievements: Internationally recognized Long-term trace gas time series - CO = 35 year record (longest in the SH) CH 4 = 30 year record CO 2 = 20 year record Upper air ozone = 24 & 18 year Dobson records (GAW regional initiative) Contributing towards SAAQIS and WDC. CPT staff represented in international forums such as the SAG_GG; Member of GMOS only station in Southern hemisphere! Several peer reviewed international publications - ~2+ annually Currently three external students make use of CPT data for MSc/PhD studies.

18 CO 2 [ppm] CPT Time Series: CO 2, CH 4 and CO CO [ppb] CH 4 [ppb] Growth rate: ~2 ppm/yr 1850 Growth rate: 4 6 ppb/yr Cape Point: CO 2 ( ) Cape Point: CH 4 ( ) 1800 Trend of non-background Trend Monthly means Regression curve YEAR Monthly means (background) with regression curve Trend (background) Cape Point: CO ( ) Monthly means, regression curve and trend YEAR

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22 Air quality modelling and forecasting Use of the UK Met Office NAME III Model In combination with the Unified Model for weather forecasting Global emission inventories

23 Questions?