Preliminary advances in Climate Risk Management in China Meteorological Administration
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1 Preliminary advances in Climate Risk Management in China Meteorological Administration Gao Ge Guayaquil,Ecuador, Oct.2011
2 Contents China Framework of Climate Service Experience in Climate/disaster risk management Climate information service Program of adapting to climate change in China Plan for the future
3 Background Major meteorological disasters in China Along with development, the requirement for Climate services become more and more Di r e c t e c onmi 8 losses(10 RMB) average of billions year
4 Preliminary China Framework of Climate Service by CMA Government Public Sensitive sectors Communication Sharing Feedback Training Discussion and warning, Products C R M Climate abnormal Assessment Impact Assessment Climate zoning Climate verification before building D R M Disa. Risk Zoning Disa. Impact Assessment Risk Identification and preassessment Disa. Risk Transfer Basic database Monitor, diagnosis, detection Prediction, Climate change Preassessment Climate system model
5 In recent 5 years, through many pilot programs we accumulated experience and increased the knowledge to the Climate/Disaster Risk Management Disaster risk identification Disaster early warning Disaster Risk Assessment and Zoning Disaster Risk Transfer Climate demonstration before the Key projects construction
6 Disaster risk identification China historical met. disaster database ( ) Over 20 kinds meteorological disasters information covering many social and economic sectors on county resolution during are collected by different meteorological services levels in China. Meteorological disaster report system on real time in China Real time disaster database The danger spots and the professional information of different sectors relating to the meteorological disaster are planing to investigate and collect in CMA. Social and economic statistic information Geographic Information Problem: a. Disaster information is very coarse b. Meteorological information doesn t match the disaster because some spots have no meteorological observation
7 Early warning Various monitoring measures with high spatial and time resolution are used to find the disaster earlier. Build auto-meteorological observation Satellite Radar Build public issued and broadcast rules of various meteorological disasters early warning and emergency draft at national and local levels.
8 Warning grades of various meteorological disasters Grades Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Typhoon Rainstorm Snow Cold spell Strong Wind in the sea Dust storm Low temperature Heat wave Drought Frost Freeze Fog Haze
9 Disaster Risk Assessment Step1 cooperation with other sectors Disaster information Met. condition match to disaster Information of sectors Environment step2 Causing factors & mechanis m of met. disaster Model Trial Relation ship; Numerical weather forecast and climate prediction model Step4 Downscale Step3 Threshold of Met. factor causing disaster for specific sector Step5 Current information and dangers sports Risk zoning Step6 Disaster Risk Assessment
10 Advantages of this Framework Disaster Risk Assessment Clear target of service the threshold are different for the specific sector and spots to the specific disaster, scientific and objective Useful information for disaster prevention Easy understand for user Traditional forecast and prediction Focus on basic meteorological elements The grades of the index don t really reflect the disaster User don t know how to use the information and meaning
11 Pilot program on risk assessment of Rain-storm and flood are carry out in 2011 Four provincial meteorological services are chosen to study the risk assessment for torrential flood on basin scale, urban waterlogging, drown assessment of flood respectively. Aims to : Learn to know how to collect information and danger spots investigation, improve the database. How to determine the threshold of meteorological condition causing flood disaster Forecast technique related to the Threshold Draft to the flood risk assessment techniques Operational application
12 Example for the Threshold analysis Over warning level A Index reflects water level of early day (mm) Under warning level Changing Threshold Accumulated basin precipitation (mm) for a basin in Anhui Province (Anhui MA,2011) Threshold of causing disaster Criteria: the water level caused by accumulated basin area precipitation over the warning level, disaster would be happen.
13 Daily hazard risk forecast of Geological disaster CMC The threshold get through the cooperation with Ministry of Land and Resources of the People s Public China, and issued the product to public by TV.
14 First-frost date prediction for agriculture Anomalies Prediction (Days) for 2009 Observed anomalies (Days) for 2009 Cooperation with Ministry of Agriculture
15 Risk transfer To find a transfer and dispersion way of agricultural meteorological disaster which is suitable to China. Provide climate disaster risk service to company and government for reasonable design of insurance policies and system, insurance rate, losses verification and compensation. Grade of risk region Regional coeff. 1 grade grade grade 1.0 Risk coefficients of different rice insurance areas Integrated risk of per unit area yield of rice in Zhejiang Province
16 Commercialize meteorological index insurance Co operation with insurance company, data analysis and threshold set has been carried out in pilots. Example, insurance product of Tobacco meteorological index Longest frost day during February and March
17 Climate demonstration before the Key projects construction Hydraulic engineering or Dam construction Railway and roadway Solar and wind energy plant Bridge construction Ecosystem protecting protection. Form a series technique guide report for popularize and apply Form management rules by meteorological sector which must obey during the period of project plan for companies.
18 Climate information service
19 Climate projection in China Brochure Scenarios website
20 Information Dataset Variables Spatial Resolution Temporal Resolution Emission Scenarios Time Period Gridded Observation dataset GCMs ME REA FvGCM-RegCM MIROC-RegCM Temperature, precipitation Temperature, precipitation Temperature, precipitation Temperature, precipitation, Relative humid, wind speed 0.5 o 0.5 o daily o 1 o monthly A1B, A2, B o 0.25 o daily A ; o 0.25 o daily A1B RCMs HadAM3P-PRECIS Temperature, precipitation 0.5 o 0.5 o daily A2, B ; HadCM3Q0-PRECIS to be update Temperature, precipitation 0.5 o 0.5 o daily A1B
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24 Plan for the future Improve the disaster database to meet the vulnerability and hazard research Build climate factors causing disaster and thresholds system Make zoning maps of major climate disaster in China Develop climate disaster risk assessment operation Make rules related to the climate risk management Cooperate with other departments share experience and training for improve service capacity
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