Finnish Marine Research Infrastructure FINMARI

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1 Finnish Marine Research Infrastructure FINMARI Lauri Laakso, Finnish Meteorological Institute Timo Tamminen, Finnish Environment Institute Finnish Meteorological Institute

2 1. National roadmap for key research infrastructures "Finland s Strategy and Roadmap for Research Infrastructures " 31 national research infrastructures have been selected for Finland s research infrastructure road map , 18 of which are ESFRI partnerships. Finnish Marine Research Infrastructure (FINMARI) is one of those infrastructures Photo: Lauri Laakso, Finnish Meteorological Institute

3 2. FINMARI consortium Arctia Shipping Ltd Finnish Environment Institute SYKE Finnish Meteorological Institute FMI Geological Survey of Finland GTK University of Helsinki UHEL - Tvärminne University of Turku UTU - Seili Åbo Akademi University ÅAU Husö Combines all marine research in Finland: physics, biology, geology, chemistry, shipping transport Photo: Lauri Laakso, Finnish Meteorological Institute

4 3. FINMARI resources (Show www-page) Photo: Lauri Laakso, Finnish Meteorological Institute

5 4. JERICO-NEXT (H2020-INFRAIA RIA) SYKE and FMI the Finnish partners (out of 33 partners in total) Combines physics, chemistry and biology Photo: Lauri Laakso, Finnish Meteorological Institute

6 5. Challenges Marine research very scattered discipline compared to e.g. atmospheric sciences Much higher costs (x 10) compared to land-based observations Hostile environment for observations (corrosion, biofouling, packed ice, wave forces, maintenance challenges e.g.)

7 6. Potential Nordic co-operation (I) A joint PhD and MSc-program Marine research (esp. oceanography) is a relatively small scientific discipline, thus problems in teaching (esp education in Finland almost fully collapsed) Esp. Baltic Sea a special type of the sea (research not directly applicable to Oceans) 100 M people living in catchment area Could we have a Nordic PhD and MSc-program mainly based on e-learning & some field courses? If 4 institutes make 5 e-learning courses each, we have already a full PhDcurriculum Local assistants Field courses Baltic Sea partners: Baltic Sea oceanography North Sea & Atlantic partners global oceanography

8 6. Potential Nordic co-operation (II) Ice radar network esp in the Gulf of Bothnia Ice, oil and wave detection 10 km x 10 km Swedish coast? Utö (2015?) Estonian Aallokkoa coast?

9 6. Potential Nordic co-operation (III) Joint ice reference site for satellites somewhere on the Arctic (ground validation for satellites) A reference point somewhere above the Arctic ice covered areas E.g. Ny-Ålesund / North Greenland E.g. radar technology Nord? Ny-Ålesund

10 Utö Atmospheric and Marine Research Station Lauri Laakso Finnish Meteorological Institute

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12 1. History Finnish meteorological Institute and Finnish Marine Research Institute have a long history of observations at Utö 1881 meteorological observations 1900 salinity and temperature profiles 1980 EMEP-air quality HELCOM 2012 ICOS-GHG-observations 2014 FINMARI (one of key Finnish Research Infrastructures) 2015 JERICO-NEXT facility? 2012 Utö Atmospheric and Marine Research Station FMI: Infrastructure, gas fluxes, physics of the sea SYKE: Biological research and observations Facility for collaborators: navy, private enterprises, universities Easy and cost-efficient logistics at Utö: a hotel, a shop, 4 weekly ferries (free), conference facilities, one FMI employee living at Utö, fast optical fibre network, enough electricity (> 20kW) Photo: Lauri Laakso, Finnish Meteorological Institute

13 2. Measurement places ICOS- GHG s Marine Research Station Solar radiation Optical fibre network) Bottom installations Meteorology and air quality Ice radar and camera 100 m

14 Temperature [ C] 3. Current observations Meteorology Start Institute T, p, WS, WD, RH 1881 FMI Precipitation 1881 FMI Global radiation 1998 FMI Diffuse radiation 1998 FMI UV-radiation 1998 FMI Visibility and current weather 2002 FMI Cloud cover and height 2006 FMI BL-wind profile (HALO) 2012 FMI Weather camera 2014 FMI Air quality and aerosol particles PM FMI SO FMI NO FMI O FMI VOC FMI PM FMI Particle size distribution 2004 FMI Air temperature at Utö Aerosol light absorption 2007 FMI Aerosol light scattering 2010 FMI PM 2.5 -chemical compositions 2011 FMI GHG s CO 2, CH 4 (+ CO) -concentrations 2012 FMI CO 2 - sea-atmosphere fluxes 2012 FMI CO 2 -concentration in sea water (pco 2 ) 2012 FMI Marine observations Ice observations 1897 FMI (/FIMR) T-S-profiles (0-90m) (every 10-days) 1900 FMI (/FIMR) Nutrients and chlorophyll (monthly) 2001 ELY-center Wave buoy (Yrjö I & II) 2012 FMI T-S-O 2 -profile (summer period) 2013 FMI Ice cover radar 2013 FMI Underwater flows and surface waves 2014 FMI Year Online-CTD (-5 m) T, S, O 2, Chlorophyll, turbidity 2014 FMI

15 SYKE 4. Observations (current and under construction)

16 5. Research topics WAM simulation Utö Picture: Kimmo Kahma Long-term, high time resolution observations throughout the year Waves and flows; marine constructions Marine boundary layer dynamics; wind power Ice cover and surface roughness Physics, chemistry and biology of the onset of winter HALO-lidar Marine traffic emissions Marine GHG (CO, CH, N O) concentrations, fluxes and biological processes Underwater acoustics Reference point for ocean models Test-bed for new marine instruments and solutions Naval research facility 10 x 10 km Utö coastal radar sea surface roughness (waves, ice, oil) Scattered ice Photo: Anne Hirsikko

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