Environmental Monitoring Report Project Number: 37265 December 2010 MLD: Prepared by Japan Port Consultants Co., Ltd. Malé, Maldives For Ministry of Finance and Treasury Ministry of Transport and Communication This report has been submitted to ADB by the Ministry of Finance and Treasury and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB s public communications policy (2005). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction... 3 2. Summary of the Project... 4 3. Summary of Construction Works... 4 4. Environmental Management Plan... 6 4.1 Temporary Fence... 6 4.2 Temporary steel sheet pile wall... 6 4.3 Silt curtain... 6 4.4 Selection of Equipment... 7 4.5 Adjustment of hours for transport of filling material... 7 4.6 The other mitigation measure... 7 5. Environmental Monitoring... 8 5.1 Monitoring Items... 8 5.2 Monitoring Locations... 8 5.3 Monitoring Method... 9 5.4 Monitoring Time and Frequency... 9 5.5 Monitoring Record... 10 6. Results of the Environmental Monitoring Survey... 10 6.1 General... 11 6.2 Turbidity... 11 6.3 Water Quality... 11 6.4 Waste Generation... 11 6.5 Oil Spills and Marine Pollution... 11 6.6 Noise... 12 6.7 Traffic... 12 6.8 Air Pollution... 12 List of Figures Fig. 2.1 General Layout of the Project Site------------------------------------------------------5 Fig. 3.1 Monitoring Locations------------------------------------------------------------------------9 1
A List of Acronyms ADB: COD: EMP: GOM: IEE: JPC: MHE: MHUDB: MNH: MoFT: MPA: MTC: MTCC: PH: SS: kg: km: m: ppm: Asia Development Bank Chemical Oxygen Demand Environmental Management Plan Government of Maldives Initial Environmental Examination Japan Port Consultants, Co. Ltd. Ministry of Housing and Environment Maldives Housing and Urban Development Board Male North Harbor Ministry of Finance and Treasury Maldives Port Authority Ministry of Transport and Communication Maldives Transport and Contract Co. Ltd. Potential of Hydrogen Suspended Solid kilogram kilometer meter parts per million 2
1. Introduction 1. The Government of Maldives (GOM) requested ADB to provide a loan for. The project components are (i) institutional development and capacity building, and (ii) an investment component for improvement of North Malé Harbor. The institutional development and capacity component also covers efforts to strengthen MTC capacity in addressing environmental concern related to its activities. 2. The proposed improvement of Malé North Harbor was based on an approved Land Use Plan prepared by the Maldives Housing and Urban Development Board (MHUDB). According to the plan, a new quay would be constructed with in the existing Malé North Harbor and would be allocated for use of cargo and passenger vessels operating Malé and outer islands. The new quay will be expected to ease congestion and improve the operational conditions of the harbor. Since the Malé North Harbor is located in an already altered environment, and the construction work will involve limited physical interventions in the area protected with the breakwater, the potential environmental impacts would be manageable with appropriate mitigation measures. Hence the project is classified as Category B and requires an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) in accordance with ADB s Environmental Assessment Guidelines 2003. 3. The Initial Environment Examination (IEE) for this project was prepared in December 2006. A decision note had been issued for the IEE on the condition that the developer should submit a separate report prior to the commencement of the project with the information on detailed drawing and the circulation model as proposed in the December 2006 report giving due consideration to the cumulative impacts of the new fish market. 4. The Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) provided the framework for the development of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) prepared in March 2009. The plan included a rolling action plan with periodical monitoring and appropriate budget allocations. The purpose of the Environmental Management Plan was to identify priorities, set objectives and targets, define performance indicators, document strategies and time frames to achieve targets, allocate responsibilities and identify the necessary resources to enable realization of the overall plan and establish mechanisms to monitor, evaluate and report progress. 5. The Ministry of Transport and Communication (MTC) of Maldives Government contracted the Male North Harbor Construction Works to the Maldives Transport and Contracting Co. Ltd. (MTCC) on 27th of October, 2009. The kickoff meeting to initiate the construction works was held on 5th of November, 2009. MTCC submitted the 3
environmental management plan (EMP) in accordance with the Contract Conditions including monitoring survey categories, method, frequency, locations, etc in December 2009. The Contractor was requested to submit the environmental survey report every 2 months and a collected report every 6 months. 6. This report presents the findings on implementation of the EMP and results of monitoring activities carried out by the contractor from January to June 2010. 2. Summary of the Project 7. The following provides the project details at a glance: 2.1 Project Name: 2.2 Client Executing Agency: Ministry of Finance and Treasury (MoFT) Implementing agency: Ministry of Transport and Communication (MTC), Ministry of Housing and environment (MHE) 2.3 Finance: ADB Loan agreement No. 2327-MLD 2.4 Consultant: Japan Port Consultants, Co. Ltd. (JPC) 2.5 Project Location: Male North Harbor (Eastern side of Male Port Authority) 2.6 Contractor: Maldives Transport and Contracting Co. Ltd. (MTCC) 2.7 Contracted Date and Period Contracted Date: 27 October 2009 Contracted Period: One year (5 November 2009 to 4 November 2010) 3. Summary of Construction Works 8. Construction of the Male North Harbor includes the following: 1) MSL 4.0 m Quay Wall ---- Steel Sheet Pile Foundation - Emergency Berth: 25.00 m - Cargo Handling Area including Passenger, Dangerous Cargo: approx. 123.00 m - Mooring Area: approx. 145.00 m Interlocking Concrete Block Pavement: 5,380.00 m2 2) Shelter and Toilet: - Shelter: 8.0 m x 60.0 m including passenger room - Toilet: 3.50 m x 5.00 m 3) Office and Guard Room 4
- Office: 11.150 m x 6.50 m with water control room 1.50m x 2.00 m - Guard Room: 8.15 m x 2.50 m 4) Lighting - H = 8.0 m Single Arm: 4 Nos. Double Arm: 7 Nos. 5) Water Supply - 2 Pressured Water Lines and 2 Outlets 6) Miscellaneous Works - Fender, Bollard, Entrance and Emergency Gates, Fence and Drainage Filling works for reclamation and dredging works include. 7) Reclamation Volume: approx. 26,100 m3 8) Dredging Volume: approx. 390 m3 (MSL- 4.0 m) 9. Final general layout plan is as shown in below: N Reclamation Area Mooring Area Dangerous Cargo Handling Area Fence H=2.5 m MPA Toilet Office & Guard Room MSL - 4.0 m Quay Wall General Cargo Handling Area Emergency Mooring Area Shelter 8.0m x 60 m 25.00m 20.00m Dredging Area (MSL-4.0 m) Proposed Lightings Water Pipeline Water Outlet Shelter General Dangerou Passenger General Cargo Cargo Cargo 15.0m 20.0m 20.0m 5.0m N Main Gate (Open type) Emergency Gate (Sliding Type) Fig. 2.1 General Layout of the Project Site 5
4. Environmental Management Plan 10. The Contractor was requested to submit the environmental management plan in accordance with the Conditions of Contract. Therefore, the Contractor MTCC submitted the EMP after commencement of the Works on December 2009. 11. In accordance with the requirements of the EMP, the Contractor constructed/set up facilities and undertook measures as given in the following to mitigate and minimize environmental impacts on the harbor basin and land area. 4.1 Temporary Fence 12. The Temporary Fence with a length of 60 m of at entrance was installed in order to separate between the project site and existing land area which was a lively commercial area prior to commencement of the project works. The main purposes of the fence were: a. To restrict access to the construction site, b. To avoid impacts on the land nearby which is not part of the project construction, and c. To prevent disturbance to the construction site including theft of construction material 4.2 Temporary steel sheet pile wall 13. The temporary steel sheet pile wall was installed within face line of planned quay wall in order to prevent impacts on the quality of water within the harbor basin. The main purposes of the sheet pile wall are: a. To protect the filling material from flowing into the harbor basin, b. To prevent the diffusion of turbid water into the basin, and c. To prevent wastes, oil spills and other kinds of pollution from flowing into the basin. 4.3 Silt curtain 14. The silt curtain was also installed out side of the face line of planned quay wall in order to protect the water quality of the basin. The main purposes of the silt curtain are: a. To prevent diffusion of turbid water to the basin, and b. To prevent wastes, oil spills and other kinds of pollution from flowing into the 6
basin. 4.4 Selection of Equipment 15. The Contractor selected equipments so as not to cause heavy noise to the surrounding area. The construction equipments which were used are: a. Vibro-Hammer for pile driving works. The vibro-hammer is very quiet because it is electric run. It was selected instead of the diesel hammer is very noisy because of hitting the piles. It also cause oil spills from the use of diesel oil. b. A generator with soundproofing was used to provide electric power to the vibro-hammer, welding machine, etc. c. Other using equipment: Excavator, Crawler Crane 80 tons, etc. They are totally quiet even operation. 4.5 Adjustment of hours for transport of filling material 16. The project site is surrounded by busy commercial area. A vegetable and fishery market exists at eastern side while a commercial port exists on the western side. Therefore, too many cargo vessels are berthing along the coastal road and many people and vehicles gather outside of temporary fence during daytime 17. In order to prevent any additional congestion the transport of filling material from municipality stock yard to the construction site is being done during night. Therefore pushing and leveling works by the excavator is being done during the day time. 4.6 The other mitigation measure 18. Regular monitoring is being carried out for ensuring that the temporary fence, sheet pile wall and silt curtain is fulfilling their intended purposes as stated above. If any of the facilities are not serving their intended purpose and is resulting in negative impacts such as excessive siltation or pollution of the water within the harbor area, necessary investigations will be carried out. Immediate steps will be taken to prevent the problem from continuing. If necessary the construction works will be stopped and counter measures such as installation of another silt curtain will be carried out. 19. In addition, the construction area is made known to everyone by the public board installed on the temporary fence as shown in right pictures. 7
5. Environmental Monitoring 5.1 Monitoring Items 20. In addition to implementing the EMP the contractor is also required to conduct regular environmental quality monitoring of the following items: 1) Water Turbidity 2) Water Quality such SS, PH, COD, Visual Depth, etc. 3) Waste Generation 4) Oil Spills and Marine Pollution 5) Noise 6) Traffic 7) Air Pollution 5.2 Monitoring Locations 21. The monitoring survey locations for each survey item are shown in Fig. 3.1. No.7 No.5 No.6 No.2 No.4 50.0 m No.1 50.0 m 30.0 m 100.0 m No.3 No.8 No.9 No.10 50.0 m 50.0 m Turbidity (No. 1-No.7, 7places) Fig. 3.1 Monitoring Locations Waste Generation (No.2, 4, 5, & 7, 4 Places) Water Quality (No.1, 2, 3, 5 & 6, 5 Places) Oil Spill (No.2, 5 & 7, 3 Places) Noise (No. 8, 9 & 10, 3 Places) Traffic (No. 8, 1 place) 8
22. The survey at the location numbers Nos.1 to 4 could not be conducted due to continuous occupation of those locations by cargo vessels. In-spite of requests made by the Client and the Consultant sometimes to the Municipality to instruct to the occupied vessels to move out, the vessels did not move. Instead of No. 1, No.2 and No.4, the turbidity surveys were conducted outside of silt curtains which were placed around filling material. However, locations of that alternative survey was too close to the filling area so the survey data could only be used for additional reference. Hence, records of turbidity exist only for location Nos. 5, 6, and 7. Location of No.5 is near the reclamation area and Locations of No.6 and No.7 are at the boundary between inner harbor and outer harbor. Considering the main purpose of monitoring the water turbidity is to see the impact to the adjacent environment. The turbidity control was conducted by the combination at the 3 locations from inner harbor to outer harbor and daily visual checking. 23. In addition the Contractor and the Consultant s inspector conducted visual check around the filling material every day. (Therefore, usual turbidity control was achieved with sufficient effectiveness by the monitoring survey of 3 locations plus visual checking every day.) 5.3 Monitoring Method 24. The monitoring methods for each survey item are shown in below: Survey Item Method Turbidity: Turbidity Meter Water Quality: Taking Sample at each specified Locations and Laboratory Test Waste Generation: Visual Check and Count Oil Spill & Marine P: Visual Check Noise: Noise Sound Meter Traffic: Visual Check and Count P: Pollution 25. The contractor conducted the monitoring in the presence of an inspector representing the consultant. 5.4 Monitoring Time and Frequency 26. The Monitoring Survey Frequency for each item is shown in below: Survey Item Frequency Turbidity: Every day during dredging and reclamation works Water Quality: Once before commencement of the works and Every 2 9
Waste Generation: Oil Spill & Marine P: Noise: Traffic: P: Pollution months Every 2 months Once before commencement of the works and Every 2 months Once before commencement of the works and Every 2 months Every 2 months 27. The consultant requested the contractor to conduct daily turbidity survey at the same time every day to allow daily comparison as far as possible or at the time of the ebb of tide on which the diffusion of water pollution would be easier than on the flow of tide. 5.5 Monitoring Record 28. After the surveys, the contractor records the results of each survey item and the consultant confirms his records. The contractor then submits a report with the survey results every two months to the client 29. The following survey reports were submitted by the contractor since the start of the construction works till June 2010: No. of Survey and Date Survey Item Report No.1 27/Dec. 2009 Water Quality, Oil Spill & Marine Pollution and Noise No.2 02/Feb. 2010 Water Quality, Waste Generation, Oil Spill & Marine Pollution, Noise and Traffic No.3 04/Apr. 2010 Water Quality, Waste Generation, Oil Spill & Marine Pollution, Noise and Traffic No.4 02/Jun. 2010 Water Quality, Waste Generation, Oil Spill & Marine Pollution, Noise and Traffic 6. Results of the Environmental Monitoring Survey 30. The followings are the results of the environmental monitoring surveys as given in the contractor s report. 10
6.1 General 31. The temporary sheet pile wall and silt curtain were successful in preventing the filling material from flowing away from the reclaimed area into the harbor water and causing turbidity problems. 32. The survey points No.1, 2, 3 and 4 were always occupied by cargo vessels. Hence monitoring of turbidity, water quality, waste generation and oil spills could not be conducted at those points during construction works. 6.2 Turbidity 33. The turbidity surveys were conducted on a daily basis during reclamation works at location No.5, No.6 and No.7. According to the daily survey records, the turbidity values at the survey points are 1-29 ppm (1/1,000,000~29/1,000,000g). The original turbidity value was 8.0 ppm before commencement of the works. 6.3 Water Quality 34. The surveys were conducted and reported before commencement of site works and every 2 months. 35. After samplings for water quality test at the points, laboratory tests were conducted. The results showed that there was a small difference only in the SS. No difference could be found. In the PH, COD and Visual Depth Hence, the water quality had been maintained within original conditions. 6.4 Waste Generation 36. Visual surveys were conducted and reported every 2 months. It was found that almost all the waste generated was from cargo vessels and not the construction works. Some garbage such as polyvinyl bottles and bags, etc that were found to be mixed in with the reclaimed material, was removed and appropriately disposed off by the contractors. 6.5 Oil Spills and Marine Pollution 37. Visual surveys were conducted and reported before commencement of site works and every 2 months. According to the records, there were no oil spills and marine pollution in the project site. 11
6.6 Noise 38. Surveys were conducted and reported before commencement of site works and every 2 months. The contractor used crawler crane, excavator, generator, welder, concrete mixer, vibro-hammer and flat barges for the construction works. Noise levels of 80-97 db were recorded. However, the survey points are located outside of temporary fence which separates the project site and nearby land area. Hence during construction works and use of the equipments, the noise from the site did not have any impact in the surrounding land area. It must be noted that noise generated at the survey points is mainly from the local social and economic activities. 6.7 Traffic 39. Traffic surveys were conducted during night time and reported every 2 months. The results found a 20-25 cars/hour and 15-30 people/hour passed through the survey point at night. The reason for conducting the survey only at night was because vehicle movement for the project took place only at night. 40. In order to cause further traffic congestion, dump trucks for transported reclamation material to the project site only at night (19:00 to 24:00). Most of other project construction equipments and vehicles, which were operational mainly only during the day, be hardly needed to move out of the construction area. Of the survey finding, the total number of dump trucks traveling per hour was only 3-5. Therefore it can be concluded that impacts on the local traffic from the project are negligible and traffic congestion at the survey point were created mainly from the local social and economic activities. 6.8 Air Pollution 41. There is no record of survey for air pollution in the contractor s report. However, exhaust gas created by the imperfect combustion is prevented by operator s thoroughly checking equipments before and after using. And the occurrence of dust in the project site is also prevented by sprinkling water accordingly. 12