y _ 2 1 i1- ~ ~ * " _ _ ~ 7 'T l US006460127B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent N0.: US 6,460,127 B1 Akerib (45) Date 0f Patent: *ct. 1, 2002 (54) APPARATUS AND METHD FR SIGNAL (56) References Cited PRCESSING (75) Inventor: Avidan Akerib, Holon (IL) U.S. PATENT DCUMENTS 5,343,559 A * 8/1994 Lee..... 711/202 (73) Asslgneei Neomaglc Israel Ltd» Netanya (IL) 5,579,441 A * 11/1996 BeZek etal...... 706/50 5,974,521 A * 10/1999 Ak 'b..... 712/11 ( * ) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this en patent is extended or adjusted under 35 * U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. med by exammer patent is sub]ect to a termmal dis- Primary Examiner_Daniel H Pan 74 A y Ag F M k M F d ' [tome, ent, 0r irm ar. rie man (21) Appl. No.: 09/178,501 (22) Filed: ct. 26, 1998 (57) ABSTRACT Related US Application Data An associative signal processing apparatus for processing a plurality of samples of an incoming signal in parallel, the (60) Continuation of application No. 09/052,164,?led on Mar. apparatus comprising: (a) an array, of processors, each 31, 1993, HW Pat- N- 5,974,521, which is a division of processor including a multiplicity of associative memory application No. 08/353,612,?led on Dec. 9, 1994, now Pat. N 5809 322 - - _ - cells, the memory cells bemg operative to perform. (1) (30) ~ 7 _ ~ compare operations, in parallel, on the plurality of samples Forelgn Apphcatlon Prlonty Data of the incoming signal; and (ii) Write operations, in parallel, Dec. 12, 1993 (IL)..... 107996 on the plurality of samples of the incoming signal; and b May 26, 1994 (IL)..... 109801 an I/ buffer register including a multiplicity of associative (51) 7 memory cells, the register being operative to: input the Int. Cl...... G06F 15/80, plurality of Samples of the incoming Signal to the array of _ processors in parallel by having the I/ buffer register (52) US Cl """"""" 0%177711 memory cells perform at least one associative compare (58) Field of Search 712/1 1 19 42 operation and the array memory cells perform at least one associative Write operation; and (ii) receive, in parallel, a 712/12, 227, 34, 15, 22s, 35, 18, 235, 36, plurality of processed samples from the array of processors 10, 215, 14, 17, 23, 22, 21, 207, 25, 219, by having the array memory cells perform at least one 223, 221, 33, 13, 16, 115, 20, 710/50, 48, associative compare operation and the I/ buffer register 709/104, 711/5, 204, 154, 141, 213, 167 169, memory cells perform at least one Write operation. 170, 209, 206, 201, 149, 120, 150, 121, 148, 122, 168, 123, 3, 128, 109, 129, 145, 365/49, 50, 706/42, 43, 41, 6 33 Claims, 20 Drawing Sheets, l INPUT stnal, UTPUT stnal I l A 5 MULTANE0U5LY /; 104 ACC 140 FEESSBLE NTRL l20\ lzzl l20\_ I~_ ~11 7F _ 7- T:::: _ _F _. _~_L_ _.*_ T_ _ _ _ K l {39 ll [T MEMRY cell Afé?cggvt CELL MEMRY CELL l LCELL MEMRY l L_:_114 CMPARAND i L _ g w HJ \ MASK <9 T if -T _ - 4 WRITE PERAND l MEMRY Ai?ggwlz MEMRY MEMRY T REGlSTERS l ELL cell celi T'l 1 14 TL CELL ~ ~ 1 I MEMRY AEASEQACSQQVE MEMRY MEMRY T l U ELL CELL CELL r-l l 14 TL cell L _ K430 \ 120 T HST RESPNDER MEMRY CMPUTER RESRNER 50 c DATA LINK 1 CUNTING A 50 UNTT T70 CMMAND T \ stnle cell MULTI CELL aigaléinyce CNTRLLER SHIFT T SHIFT T THER THER CHlPS CHIPS @
U.S. Patent ct. 1, 2002 Sheet 2 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 write THE PERAN IN THE APPRPRIATE RECISTER. RECEIvE CMMAND SEQUENCE FRM USER I (MASK,CMPARAND I 0 R WRITE) SEARCH THE CNTENT F THE CMPARAND [ RECISTER IN NE R * MRE PE'S SIMULTANEUSLY ALL RESPNDS IN RESPNDER MEMRY ARE 'YES" I M i 1+1 YES I LAD CMMAND i IS CMMAND I A LAD REGISTERS CMMAND? WRITE THE CNTENT F THE WRITE REGISTER IN NE R MRE PE'S SIMULTANEUSLY IS CMMAND i A CMPARE CMMAND? SINGLE SHIFT F RESPNDER REGISTERS MULTFCELL SHIFT F RESPNDER REGISTERS IS CMMAND i THE LAST CMMAND? YES IS CMMAND i A WRITE CMMAND? IS CMMAND I A SINGLE CELL SHIFT CMMAND? FIG. 2 YES IS CMMAND i A MULTI CELL SHIFT CMMAND?
U.S. Patent 0a. 1, 2002 Sheet 3 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1.QE 5%. 5&8 22m 229m f in: \?wnomz?ézm /I\?mmmwoné 9: SE28 E; of N9 S 9 T.II l I r b A I?IIIIIlIIimIIIIIIIIImI & om: IIIII II: 38 m.50 I: _ X22 0% I gmwm?wy TLU QEE E0222 $052 i / _ 33 QZEEEQ 36 rhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhiiiii: I_ MEN"? ozémao @2268? $2981 _ E052 x652 $052 t,q P I 3.06 36 38 _THHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHIIIIII: $2682.565 M I EE; $052 _:65; @mmwz III1 38 3Q 3 P A 81%? I,» lllllllllllllllllllll 1K GNP.501 GP 2, 2 755381 $9495??éiz E5026 M of f $5 QC \I 3% 0% v2: @2558 @5360. 853% I 592m 5% $3258 466L532 E05; Eiw 28 Kim $15 _ $26 515 3T6
U.S. Patent 0a. 1, 2002 Sheet 4 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 #CNTRL _ ~ CNTRL AsPmo DBUS FIG. 4 #CNTRL CNTRL v ASP1 \ FIG. 5 ASP1 A 0505
U.S. Patent 0a. 1, 2002 Sheet 5 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 TP CNTRL FIF AR RAY SIDE BTTM H. 6
U.S. Patent ct. 1, 2002 Sheet 6 6f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 FIG. 7 MPARAN) (PART FIF INPUT REGISTER F FIF UTPUT (PART R) REGISTER F CNTRLLER FIF (AT TP)
U.S. Patent 0a. 1, 2002 Sheet 7 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 QSMQZDQ mmazoammmlhmme @mm amm.01 w m/e o5. wmzmm mmrzlii< Iohiz mmzj mtm>> mmzj
U.S. Pat ent 0a. 1, 2002 Sheet 8 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 PC PRGRAM MEM RY #CNTRL 1 pl R DCLK NI PADS DCLK INT,uIR INT FIG. 10 FIG.
U.S. Patent 0a. 1, 2002 Sheet 9 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 mmjomkzoo.2300 am; 0mm 2 0 :.E fix wooem o\_ émméwtgm
U.S. Patent 0a. 1, 2002 Sheet 10 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 FIG. 12 m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. 1 1 1 CMPARE 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 m 0 1 1 0 1 1 WRITE 1 1 1 1 1
U.S. Patent 0a. 1, 2002 Sheet 11 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 DUE] DUE] g E 3 DUE} DUB V) x ' f ; DD L9 \J 0 LL. E E U) DD m. 0: <1 (1. E (.3. E U) [IUD
U.S. Patent 0a. 1, 2002 Sheet 12 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 FIG. 1 4 P Bl TU RSP ASSC. F3 0 CHIP I * F (3T6 + 50 TL 16 // 32 // rsp \ Bl TU P RSP 1 ASSC. PS 0 CHIP l = F CTG ~ B TL // // //
U.S. Patent on. 1, 2002 Sheet 13 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 FIG. 1 5 UT GRUP STATE STATE INCREMENT 1 S 0 S1 0 1 S1 S1 1/2 2,0 s0 1/2 3 s0 s0 1/2 5 s1 so 1 4 55 so 12 5,0; so 6 12/05 3/0.5 l4/12 I5/5 11/05
U.S. Patent 0a. 1, 2002 Sheet 15 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 F I G. 1 9 Fl G. 25 E L E 0.30 LINEAR H CUNT III.IE(ms) 0.20 0.10 2*d TREE F I G. 2 6 0.05 I5 31 63 NEIIIBRII IIIENSIN (L) 75 LINEAR CUNT 5.0 STERE CMPLEXITY (ms) 2.5 1.0 2-d CUNT 2-d TREE / CUNT 7 I5 31 FILTER SIZE (P) N CUNT
U.S. Patent 0a. 1, 2002 Sheet 18 0f 20 US 6,460,127 B1 FIG. 27 l _ I l l l I FLugs PtICI local Temporary l Portia! I Input I l l?ow Averages l Accumulotors i Derivatives I Images utput mr tm V U Vov Uov Ac Sc Et Ey Ex Enl En 11 1010;9 9 1918 H1111