Our Human Body On-site student activities Years 5 6 Our Human Body On-site student activities: Years 5-6 Student activity (and record) sheets have been developed with alternative themes for students to use as guides and focus material during their visit. There are four sets of materials for Years 3 4, Years 5 6, Years 7 8 and Years 9, 10 and VCE. Each of these sets of materials contains a range of themes with individual record sheets. The choice of themes will depend on the classroom focus, the curriculum requirements and individual student needs. Teachers may choose a single theme or a combination of sheets from different themes for individual student, or for small groups of students to use. A larger selection of themes may be used by larger groups of students. The information collected on the student record sheets should be used as reference material for the follow-up Classroom Activities, or for further research of the subject back at school. Alternatively, teachers may choose to develop their own student activities or have students develop their own questions to research during their visit in The Human Body exhibition. Years 5-6 on-site student activity sheets focus on the following themes: The human body: first impressions The human body: going inside Body parts and body systems Close-ups: the microscopic world of cells Our digestive system: ins and outs Our circulatory system: the round trip Our muscles and skeleton: the power within Our nervous system: making sense http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 91
The human body: first impressions We can learn a lot about people and history by the way that they represent draw, model and map the human body. Explore the large blue wall with objects and images representing the human body, at the entrance of The Human Body exhibition. 1. Describe one of the representations of the body from the wall that you find interesting. Why is it interesting to you? 2. Why do you think that there are so many different ways to represent the human body? Source: State Library of Victoria? Who drew this picture and what does it represent? We can learn many things by closely observing our external features. We often measure our bodies, and compare them to standard maps and measurements. Explore the area called First impressions in The Human Body exhibition. 3. Why do people measure the body? a. b, c. Look at the Egyptian mummy in the sarcophagus (coffin) and look at his reconstructed face in the nearby glass cabinet. 4. How do we know what Tjeby, the mummy, looked like?? Who was Tjeby? http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 92
The human body: going inside Dissections of the human body have played an important role in understanding how our bodies work on the inside. Take a seat in the sound and light room, behind the mummy showcase. Listen to the stories and look at the pictures, instruments and dissected body parts from explorers of the human body, nearly 400 years ago. 1. Describe two interesting things that you discovered during the sound and light show.? When and by whom was this drawing of the human body made? Source: Dover Publications. Inc There are many different forms of technology available to us today, to explore and map the body without cutting it open. 2. Look at the medical images of the real patients found on the light box near the X-ray machines. What are the main features that you can see in the following images? Can you tell the difference between the X-ray, CT and MRI images? Describe some of the features of the body that you can see in these images.? What medical imaging technology was used to produce this image? Source: Royal Melbourne Hospital http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 93
Body parts and body systems 1. As you explore the different Body parts displays in the exhibition, see if you can find the following body parts and draw them onto the body outline below.,? Where would you find this type of tissue in the body?? Where would you find these cells in the body? http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 94
Body parts and body systems Cells make up the organs that are inside our bodies. Each body organ does a special job. When several organs work together they are called a body system. Explore the different Body parts displays throughout the exhibition. 2. As you explore each the different displays, choose two organs that help each body system carry out its tasks in the body. 3. Draw a line from the body system to the tasks it is involved with. Muscles & skeletal systems Digestive system Circulatory system Respiratory system Nervous system helps us think, perform actions and store memories gets oxygen into our bodies and gets carbon dioxide out carries oxygen and food particles to every cell in the body and takes away wastes is not essential for our survival as an individual, however it ensures that the human race lives on. supports our body, helps us to move and protects our insides carries oxygen and food particles to every cell in the body and takes away wastes breaks our food into tiny, tiny pieces and then puts them into the blood. Reproductive system? Can you name the main parts of the brain? http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 95
Close-ups: the microscopic world of cells Our bodies are made up of millions of tiny cells. Different cells do different things. As you explore each of the Body parts displays in the exhibition, look at the shapes of the different cells that are found in each of the body systems. 1. Choose 2 cells from different parts of the body. Draw each of them in the boxes below. What cells did you draw? Where are they found in the body? A B. 2. Find the picture of the red blood cells on the tip of the pin, in the Close ups section of the exhibition. Estimate how many red blood cells are on the tip of the pin? Draw the cells onto the diagram below.? Can you find out what these cells do? 3. What is the biggest cell in the human body? 4. Name two different types of microscope. 5. Why are microscopes important for studying cells? Source: State Library Of Victoria? Who used this microscope and burner? http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 96
Our digestive system: the ins and outs Food travels through our body in a long tube that reaches from our mouth to our bottom. Some of our food is broken up into tiny pieces and put into the blood. The rest of it comes out in the toilet as pooh. Have a look at the digestion showcase. 1. Can you label each of the different parts onto the diagram below (mouth, stomach, liver, small intestine, large intestine, anus) 2. Look at the shelf in the digestion display. Write down 5 descriptive words that describe what happens in each part of the digestive tract. The mouth: The oesophagus:? What happens to food before it enters your stomach? The stomach: The small intestines:? What does the liver do? The large intestines: Source: Monash University.? Where are these cells found in the body and what do they do? http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 97
Our circulatory system: the round trip Our body takes in oxygen through our lungs and puts it into our blood. Waste gas moves out of the blood and into the lungs where it is breathed out of the body. Have a look at the breathing organs in the Body parts - circulation showcase. 1. Look at the lungs and trachea in the glass showcase. Draw them into the body outline below. 2. Look at the white cast of the air spaces inside the lungs. Draw the arrangement of air spaces over the top of the lungs that you have drawn. 3. Describe what they look like? 4. Why are the heart and lungs so close together in the body? 5. Describe how air move from our lungs into our blood? 6. What is asthma?? What are alveoli? Source: University of Melbourne? What has happened to these lungs? http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 98
Our blood carries oxygen from our lungs and tiny food particles from our digestive system to every cell in our body. 7. Connect the name on the left to the description of what it does on the right. Plasma Red blood cells attack intruders in the body carries oxygen around the body White blood cells watery part of the blood that carries blood cells and dissolved nutrients and wastes? What do white blood cells do in the body? 8. Label each of the different blood vessels and chambers of the heart onto the diagram provided. (left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle, vena cava, aorta, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein) 9. Draw an arrow that shows how blood flows through the heart. 10. What does the heart do in the body? You can feel your pulse by holding you fingers over you wrist. 11. How many times does your heart beat in one minute? 12. Jog very quickly on the spot lifting your knees up high for one minute. How many times does your heart beat in one minute? 13. Why do you think your pulse rate changes when you exercise? http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 99
Blood vessels are tubes that carry blood all around the body. They form a circuit that flows from the heart to every organ and back to the heart again. Blood vessels are different in different parts of the body. 14. Draw a line to connect the names of the blood vessels with the different statements below. Tiny branches that carry blood cells tunnels through organs of the body in single file Carry lots of blood from the heart to different parts of the body Carry lots of blood from different parts of the body to the heart Have thick elastic walls Have valves inside that stop blood flowing backwards Have very thin wall that let oxygen and nutrients in and out.? Can you label the following blood vessels - artery, vein, capillary - onto the diagram? Blood picks up waste from different body parts and carries it away. The kidneys filter most of the waste products out of the blood. These wastes go into the bladder and come out of the body as urine (or wee). 15. Look at the kidneys, the bladder and the connecting tubes in the glass showcase. Label them in the body outline. 16. What could happen to your body if your kidneys didn t work properly? http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 100
Our muscles and skeleton: the power within Our Human Body On-site student activities: Years 5-6 All of our movements depend on our muscles and skeleton. We have a bony skeleton with muscles attached. The skeleton supports us and protects our internal organs. Explore the Body parts - muscles and skeletal display in the exhibition. 1. As you explore the exhibition, find the names of some of the bones in the skeleton. Label them onto the opposite diagram. 2. What are the bones called that protect the brain? 3. What are the bones called that protect the lungs? 4. What is bone and how is it made? Our bodies are able to move at places where bones meet each other (joints). Explore the moving parts on the shelf in the muscle and skeletal showcase.? Can you label the bones? 5. Look at the different joints that are found in the human skeleton. Use the names below to label each of the different joints and describe where in the body each joint may occur and the type of movement that occurs. (pivot/rotating joint, saddle joint, ball and socket joint, hinge joint, gliding joint) 6. Are there any places in the body where bones meet but do not move? http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 101
No part of our body moves without muscles. Muscles move the food in our stomach, they make our heart pump, they move our arms and legs and our eyes. These muscles are all a little bit different from each other. 7. How do our muscles allow us to move? 8. Look at the spinning cells in the Close-ups section of the exhibition. Draw the different muscle tissues that are shown below? Cardiac muscle Skeletal muscle Smooth muscle Name one body part that has one of each of these types of muscle. http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 102
Our nervous system: making sense Our Human Body On-site student activities: Years 5-6 Our nervous system makes sure all of our body parts work together. It also allows us to think, make decisions and store memories. 1. What functions does the nervous system carry out? 2. Look at the dissected brain in the glass showcase. Can you label the major parts?? Can you label the brain, spinal cord, and nerves on the diagram above? http://museumvictoria.com.au/education/ A Museum Victoria experience. 103
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