Radiant Energy Definition: the energy of electromagnetic waves; this includes radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray, and gamma waves Solar panels Radiant Energy Examples of energy transformations: Photosynthesis: light from the sun (RADIANT) converted to chemical energy in plants Heating food: electrical energy to mechanical and RADIANT energy to thermal energy and chemical energy. X-rays in medicine Microwaves used to heat food Car radios and TV stations Cancer-causing UV rays Gamma rays from nuclear reactions
Electrical Energy Definition: the energy of moving electrons. Electrical Energy Examples of energy transformations: Making toast ELECTRICAL to mechanical to radiant and thermal to chemical. Using a flashlight chemical to ELECTRICAL to radiant and thermal. Electricity going through a wire Lightning Electric Discharge (shock)
Chemical Energy: the energy required to make or break atom bonds; has the potential to go through a chemical change www.phschool.com Chemical Energy Energy Transformations using Chemical Energy: Using a battery - the CHEMICAL energy is converted into Electrical energy Eating Food the CHEMICAL energy is converted into thermal energy and mechanical energy batteries Photosynthesis Food
Kinetic Energy Definition: the energy an object has because of its motion Kinetic Energy Examples of Kinetic Energy Forms: Electrical Mechanical Thermal Radiant
Potential Energy Definition: the energy an object has because of its position or shape. Potential Energy Examples of Potential Energy Forms: Gravitational Potential Energy Chemical Energy Elastic Energy Nuclear Energy
Mechanical Energy Definition: the total energy of motion and position of an object. Mechanical Energy= Potential Energy + Kinetic Energy Mechanical Energy Examples of energy transformations: Exercising: Food (chemical) to MECHANICAL and THERMAL as you move. Hair Dryer: Electrical to thermal and MECHANICAL Coasting down a hill on your bike Gears turning in a car Running
Nuclear Energy: the energy associated with changes to the nucleus of an atom Nuclear Fission large nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei Nuclear Energy Nuclear Fusion - two or more smaller nuclei combine together to make a more massive nucleus http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:and 9GcQfk4yOJXkDdnE1zk3tw5axZQVBTXwk yem3n6ozxacoi8g_vvac:s.hswstatic.co m/gif/nuclear-power-250x150.jpg Energy Transformations using NUCLEAR Energy: Turning on a light - the NUCLEAR energy is converted into Electrical to radiant, and thermal energies (Nuclear fission) http://thehigherlearning.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/fission-fusion.gif The sun (nuclear fusion) Nuclear Power Plants (nuclear fission)
Thermal Energy Definition: The total internal kinetic energy of an object due to the random motion of its atoms and molecules. **Thermal energy is involved in EVERY energy transformation. Sometimes it is on purpose (like a toaster) and sometimes it is a byproduct caused by friction.** **While thermal energy is not the same thing as heat, many people say heat instead. We will discuss the difference in another unit, but if you feel heat or cold, thermal energy is involved.** Thermal Energy When you feel heat being Examples of transformations: Turning on a flashlight - chemical to electrical to radiant and THERMAL. Sitting in front of a fire chemical to THERMAL and radiant and mechanical. given off from an object like fire Friction from two objects touching like rubbing your hands together. Friction from electricity going through a wire. Friction between a car and the track of a roller coaster. ALL FRICTION INVOLVES THERMAL ENERGY