Study Guide CCA week 12 - Key
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1 Study Guide CCA week 12 - Key Vocabulary to know: (define on separate paper & give an example of each) Electrical Energy Mechanical Energy Force Energy carried by electricity Ex: Toaster, Fan, Anything that plugs into an electrical outlet. Energy produced by a machine or moving part Ex: Moving Water in a dam, Fan Blades moving, Person Running A push or pull exerted on an object. Solar Energy Kinetic Energy Convection Energy that comes from the sun. Ex: sunlight Energy of motion Ex: move, kick, eat, Thermal energy being moved by air or liquid currents. Ex: Boiling Macaroni, Space Heater Thermal Energy Potential Energy Conduction Energy in the form of heat. Caused by the movement of particles. Ex: Oven cooking, Stove cooking, Toaster cooking, Camp Fire burning Stored Energy Ex: pencil on desk, cat asleep on a couch Heat transfer by direct contact Ex: walking on hot sand, touching hot spoon Chemical Energy Inclined Plane Radiation Potential energy available for release in a chemical reaction. Ex: Battery, Candle, Food A flat surface where one end is higher than the other. Ex: Handicap Ramp, Parking Garage Energy transmitted by electromagnetic waves. Ex: feel heat from stove w/o touching, feel heat from the Sun Mechanical Energy Pulley Balanced Forces Energy produced by a machine or moving part Ex: Moving Water in a dam; Fan Blades moving; Person running A simple machine that is a wheel with a groove in its rim, which is used to change the direction or multiply a force exerted by a rope or cable Ex: flagpole, Equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions. Either pushing or pulling. Ex: tug of war game, pushing against each other.
2 Electromagnetic Fixed Pulley Unbalanced Forces form of energy that travels through space in the form of waves. Energy of light and other forms of radiation. Ex: X-rays, radar, and radio waves. A pulley attached in position above a load to be lifted. It does not reduce your effort, but does change the direction of the force. Ex: Flag Pole, Elevator Light energy Moveable Pulley Net Force Forces that produce a nonzero net force, which changes an object's motion. One side has more force than the other. Ex: pushing a car and it moves Radiant energy that our eyes can see from the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Ex: light bulbs, televisions, lamps, computer monitors attached to the object being lifted and it decreases the amount of force needed to lift a load Ex: The combination of all forces acting on an object 1. Describe the Law of Conservation of Energy: Matter is neither created nor destroyed, it can only change form. 2. Describe Thermal Energy Transfer Thermal energy transfer is the process where heat moves from one body or substance to another by radiation, conduction, convection, or a combination of these. The energy flows from Hot to Cold. 3. Draw, explain and give an example of Conduction, Convection, and Radiatio Radiation Conduction Radiation Convection Convection Conduction like Duct Tape, must touch Convection like blowing on your hands, moves through air or liquid current Conduction Radiation rad sufer dude nothing touches it, electromagnetic waves transfer heat. Feel heat from fire/stove/sun
3 4. Draw a roller coaster. & Label: a. Greatest Potential d. Greatest Kinetic b. Increasing Kinetic e. Increasing Potential c. Decreasing Kinetic f. Decreasing Potential 5. Describe the energy transformations in: a. A fan e. Battery flashlight Electric to mechanical Chemical to light b. A pencil sharpener f. Microwave Mechanical to sound Electric to radiant/light / thermal c. A computer g. An overhead light Electric to light/ sound/ thermal Electric to light d. A fire h. A plant Chemical to thermal / light Radiant / light to chemical 6. What does a Fixed Pulley do to help move an object (what changes)? Changes direction. You pull down, object moves up & uses same force. 7. What does a Moveable Pulley do to help move an object (what changes)? Changes force. You pull up, it moves up & Uses less force.
4 8. List 5 examples of Kinetic Energy. Kicking a ball, swinging a bat, running, eating, car moving, typing, writing, talking, chemical reaction, swinging, climbing, (any kind of movement) 9. List 5 examples of Potential Energy. Ball in a field, food in the fridge, rock on the table, pencil on a desk, fruit on a shelf, bat on the floor, sitting on a couch, car parked & off, chemical in a bottle alone, top of a swing, top of the roller coaster, before you swing the bat, before you start the car, (anything not moving or waiting to move or at the top of the movement) 10. On a swing, when would the Potential and Kinetic Energy be equal? When they are between the very top and the very bottom on both sides. Past topics you should know well: How to write a hypothesis from a problem/question. Do plants grow higher with regular or salt water? If regular and salt water are added to different plants, then the one with regular water will grow higher. DRY / MIX and how to graph each. DRY = Dependent/Responding Variable located on the y-axis MIX = Manipulated/Independent Variable located on the x-axis
5 Manipulated / Responding Variable and how to identify each in a lab. Do plants grow higher with regular or salt water? If regular and salt water are added to different plants, then the one with regular water will grow higher. Manipulated variable is what you are testing. What you control and can change. Responding variable is the response to the test. What you get at the end of the experiment. Your results.
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